A broken nail taking-out auxiliary device for trauma orthopedics

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an auxiliary device for removing broken screws in trauma orthopedic surgery. The device includes a trephine section and a screw-removing section. The trephine section comprises a drill barrel, a guide head, and a spring. One end of the drill barrel has teeth, and the side wall of the other end has a hole. One end of the spring is engaged in the hole, and the other end is rotatably connected to the guide head. The guide head is inserted into the toothed end of the drill barrel. The screw-removing section includes a screw-removing section housing, a tube plate die connected to the screw-removing section housing, a worm gear drive, an internally threaded worm wheel, a wedge cutter, and a limiting component. The trephine section is connected to one end of the screw-removing section housing through the holed end of the drill barrel. This invention features an easily positioned trephine section that is less prone to deviation, easy to clean, and causes minimal surgical trauma. The broken screw is removed by twisting, making it safer to use. The tube plate die is easily replaceable, facilitating the matching of various types of broken screws, offering good applicability, and providing flexible and labor-saving operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics. Background Technology

[0002] In fracture surgery, metal screws are usually used to fix the broken bone. After the use of these metal screws in fracture patients, the bone connection is reliable and firm. However, due to the patient's frequent movement or the quality problems of the metal screw itself, the screw may break after prolonged use, which will affect the rehabilitation of orthopedic patients. Therefore, steel nails need to be removed after being implanted in the human body for a period of time. Because steel nails that remain in the body for a long time will connect with the human bones, medical staff may break them inside the bone when removing them. If the broken nail is still protruding, it can be clamped with pliers and rotated out. However, if the broken nail is broken into the bone, the preferred method is to use a "trephine" to remove the broken nail along with some surrounding bone. For example, Chinese patent CN1718170A discloses an intraosseous broken nail remover. This technology requires drilling a lot of bone when removing broken nails, resulting in deep and large bone trauma. After nail removal, the bone strength is significantly weakened, recovery is slow, and bone fracture is prone to occur again at the nail removal site. Another example is Chinese patent CN207412232U, which discloses a broken nail remover for trauma orthopedics. It removes broken nails by pulling them out forcefully, which may cause bone fractures and other injuries, posing a high safety risk.

[0003] In addition, in existing trauma orthopedic techniques for removing broken nails with a "trephine" function, the "trephine" is prone to displacement during drilling operations, making positioning difficult and causing the drill hole to deviate, which affects the progress and quality of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics that is flexible in operation, easy to clean components, easy to locate holes during drilling, causes minimal surgical damage, and ensures safe nail removal.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides an auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics, comprising a trephine section and a nail removal section. The trephine section includes a drill barrel, a guide head, and a spring. One end of the drill barrel is provided with a toothed head, and the side wall of the other end is provided with a hole. One end of the spring is engaged in the hole, and the other end is rotatably connected to the guide head. The guide head is inserted into the toothed end of the drill barrel.

[0007] The nail-retrieving part includes a nail-retrieving part housing, a tube die, a worm gear drive, an internally threaded worm wheel, a wedge clamping cutter, and a limiting component. The nail-retrieving part housing includes a mounting part, a connecting part, and an extension part connecting the mounting part and the connecting part. The side wall of the connecting part has a groove, and the radial cross-section of the connecting part is non-circular. The mounting part has a worm wheel mounting cavity, a worm gear connecting cavity communicating with the worm wheel mounting cavity, and a wedge clamping cutter insertion hole communicating with the worm wheel mounting cavity. The wedge clamping cutter insertion hole also penetrates the connecting part and the extension part. One end of the inner wall of the tube die has threads and a drain groove parallel to the tube die axis, and the other end has a hole for insertion and mating with the connecting part. The shape of the hole on one end of the die is the same as the radial cross-sectional shape of the connecting part. The outer wall of the die is provided with a hole that can be aligned with the slot away from the threaded end. The limiting member is connected to the slot and the hole on the outer wall of the die. The internal thread worm gear is rotatably connected in the worm gear mounting cavity. The worm of the worm drive is connected in the worm connecting cavity and meshes with the internal thread worm gear. One end of the wedge cutter is provided with an external thread that engages with the thread in the internal thread worm gear, and the other end is provided with a wedge cutter head for insertion between the inner wall of the die and the broken screw thread. The wedge cutter is threaded to the internal thread worm gear at the external threaded end and inserted into the discharge groove at the other end.

[0008] The trephine section is connected to the end of the mounting section away from the extension section via a hole at one end of the drill barrel.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting part is further provided with a socket, which is located on the side wall of the mounting part.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an auxiliary rotating arm, one end of which is inserted into the socket.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary rotating arm is a screwdriver.

[0012] Preferably, the screwdriver is a flathead screwdriver.

[0013] Preferably, the drill barrel further includes a vent hole, which is located on the side wall of the drill barrel.

[0014] Preferably, the guide head includes a pin, a guide tube, and a connecting shaft. The guide tube is cylindrical and has a chamfer at one end. The pin is connected to the center of the chamfered end of the guide tube. One end of the connecting shaft is connected to the center of the other end of the guide tube.

[0015] Preferably, the guide tube is further provided with a convex ring, which is disposed around the chamfer, and the central axis of the convex ring coincides with the axis of the ejector pin.

[0016] Preferably, one end of the spring is provided with a protrusion, and the other end is connected to a double-ended connector, the double-ended connector being located at the axial position of the spring body; the protrusion is used to engage with a hole in the drill barrel wall; the double-ended connector is used to rotatably connect with the connecting shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting element is a screw.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The trephine section of the trauma orthopedic broken nail removal auxiliary device provided by the present invention is equipped with a guide head that can limit the cutting position of the tooth head, so that the trephine section can drill along the set tail of the broken nail, avoiding drilling positioning difficulties and deviation that affect the progress and quality of the operation.

[0020] 2. The guide head provided by the present invention can push the cut material that has entered the drill barrel out of the drill barrel under the push of the spring in the trephine section, and a vent hole is provided on the wall of the drill barrel, making the cleaning process of the trephine section easier;

[0021] 3. The screw removal part of this invention does not have clamping structures or other features outside the tube plate teeth. Its outer diameter can be the same as or very close to the outer diameter of the drill barrel. During the screw removal surgery, the broken screw can be removed in a smaller surgical circumferential incision, resulting in less surgical damage.

[0022] 4. The present invention employs a method for removing broken nails by screwing the toothed plate of the nail removal part onto the threaded end of the broken nail drilled from the drill barrel. By rotating the handle, the wedge cutter descends, and the wedge cutter head is inserted into the drain groove between the threaded end of the broken nail and the drain groove. Then, by rotating the mounting part, the broken nail can be screwed out. Compared with the direct pulling out of the prior art, this method can avoid the recurrence of injuries such as bone fractures caused by hard pulling, making it safer to use.

[0023] 5. The wedge clamping knife in this invention can be screwed on, removed and replaced, and the tube plate teeth can also be easily replaced through the limiting parts, making it easy to match various types of broken nails and with good applicability;

[0024] 6. The screwdriver in this invention can not only be used to easily replace the wedge cutter, but also, when inserted into the mounting part, can increase the torque of the screw-picking part for rotating and picking up screws and the tooth head. When removed, it is easy to connect the connecting part to a hand drill for drilling, making the operation flexible and labor-saving. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram showing the view from below;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of longitudinal section;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the drill barrel, the guide head, and the nail-retrieving part housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A diagram showing the view from below;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic end view of a spring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a screwdriver provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 10. Tremellar section; 11. Guide head; 111. Ejector pin; 112. Guide cylinder; 113. Connecting shaft; 114. Convex ring; 115. Chamfer; 12. Drill barrel; 121. Tooth head; 122. Spring fixing hole; 13. Double-ended connector; 131. Connecting cavity; 14. Spring; 141. Spring body; 142. Protrusion; 15. Drain hole; 20. Pin removal section; 21. Pin removal section housing; 211. Mounting section; 2111. Insertion hole; 2 112. Worm gear mounting cavity; 2113. Worm connecting cavity; 2114. Wedge cutter insertion hole; 212. Extension; 213. Connecting part; 2131. Slot; 22. Tube plate thread; 221. Drain groove; 222. Thread; 23. Worm drive component; 231. Handle; 232. Worm; 24. Internal thread worm gear; 25. Wedge cutter; 251. Wedge cutter head; 30. Limiting component; 40. Screwdriver; 41. Handle part; 42. Cutter head. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0035] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0036] The specific implementation method is described below:

[0037] This invention provides an embodiment of an auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics, see [link to embodiment]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The device includes a trephine section 10, a screwdriver 40, and a nail-removing section 20. The trephine section 10 includes a drill barrel 12, a guide head 11, and a spring 14. One end of the drill barrel 12 is provided with a toothed head 121, and the side wall of the other end is provided with a hole. The side wall between the two ends of the drill barrel 12 is provided with a vent hole 15. One end of the spring 14 is engaged in the hole, and the other end is rotatably connected to the guide head 11. The guide head 11 is inserted into the end of the drill barrel 12 provided with the toothed head 121.

[0038] The nail-removing part 20 includes a nail-removing part housing 21, a tube plate die 22, a worm gear drive 23, an internal thread worm wheel 24, a wedge cutter 25, and a screw. The nail-removing part housing 21 includes a mounting part 211, a connecting part 213, and an extension part 212 connecting the mounting part 211 and the connecting part 213. The side wall of the connecting part 213 is provided with a slot 2131, and the radial cross-section of the connecting part 213 is non-circular. The side wall of the mounting part 211... The mounting portion 211 is provided with an insertion hole 2111; the mounting portion 211 is provided with a worm gear mounting cavity 2112, a worm connecting cavity 2113 communicating with the worm gear mounting cavity 2112, and a wedge-tightening insert hole 2114 communicating with the worm gear mounting cavity 2112, the wedge-tightening insert hole 2114 also penetrating the connecting portion 213 and the extension portion 212; one end of the inner wall surface of the tube plate die 22 is provided with a thread 222 and a drain groove 22 parallel to the axis of the tube plate die 22. 1. The other end is provided with a hole for insertion and mating with the connecting part 213. The shape of the hole on one end of the tube plate die 22 is the same as the radial cross-sectional shape of the connecting part 213. The outer wall of the tube plate die 22 is provided with a hole that can be aligned with the slot 2131 at the end away from the thread 222. The screw is connected to the slot 2131 and the hole on the outer wall of the tube plate die 22. The internal thread worm gear 24 is rotatably connected in the worm gear mounting cavity 2112. The worm 232 of the worm drive 23 is connected in the worm connecting cavity 2113 and meshes with the internal thread worm gear 24. One end of the wedge cutter 25 is provided with an external thread that mates with the thread in the internal thread worm gear 24. The other end is provided with a wedge cutter head 251 for insertion between the inner wall of the tube plate die 22 and the broken screw thread. The wedge cutter 25 is connected to the internal thread worm gear 24 at one end with the external thread and inserted into the discharge groove 221 at the other end.

[0039] The end of the circumferential drill 10 with a hole in the side wall of the drill barrel 12 is connected to the end of the mounting part 211 away from the extension part 212.

[0040] One end of the screwdriver 40 is inserted into the socket 2111.

[0041] An embodiment of the guide head 11 provided by the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The guide head 11 includes a pin 111, a guide cylinder 112, and a connecting shaft 113. The guide cylinder 112 is cylindrical, and one end of the guide cylinder 112 is provided with a chamfer 115. A convex ring 114 is provided around the chamfer 115, and the central axis of the convex ring 114 coincides with the axis of the pin 111. The pin 111 is connected to the center of the end of the guide cylinder 112 with the chamfer 115. One end of the connecting shaft 113 is connected to the center of the other end of the guide cylinder 112.

[0042] An embodiment of the spring 14 provided by the present invention is shown below. Figure 3 , Figure 6 One end of the spring 14 is provided with a protrusion 142, and the other end is connected to a double-ended connector 13. The double-ended connector 13 is located at the axial position of the spring body 141. The protrusion 142 is used to engage with the hole in the wall of the drill barrel 12. The double-ended connector 13 is used to rotatably connect with the connecting shaft 113.

[0043] When removing a broken nail embedded in bone, the present invention is used as follows: S1. Drill a trephine hole. Hold the nail removal part 20 with one hand and insert the chamfered end 115 of the guide head 11 into the hole of the broken nail. Of course, the drill barrel can be designed with one end threaded to the nail removal part, which makes it easier to select a drill barrel with a similar outer diameter for a specific size of broken nail, so that the drilled hole diameter is as small as possible and the degree of damage to the bone is reduced. Keep the axis of the drill barrel 12 parallel to the axis of the broken nail, and then rotate the wrist back and forth to drill the hole (after loosening the screw on the die plate, pulling the die plate from the connection part, and pulling out the mounting part). With a screwdriver attached, the connecting part can be connected to an electric drill, and the drill power can be used to drill the hole. As the drill barrel 12 drills in, when the ejector pin 111 on the guide head 11 contacts the tail of the broken nail, and the guide head 11 retracts to its end, the tooth 121 stops drilling due to the obstruction of the guide head 11, thus reaching the set drilling depth (exposing part of the tail of the broken nail). For example, the drilling depth can be set by setting the compression length of the spring and the length of the guide head, and the distance between the ejector pin retracting into the drill barrel and the tooth. In production, the drilling depth can generally be set to about 5mm. S2. Take the broken nail, fit the tube plate die 22 onto the connecting part 213, and tighten it with screws; hold the tube plate die 22 with the tail of the broken nail, and then screw the thread 222 inside the tube plate die 22 with the thread of the tail of the broken nail (the thread inside the tube plate die of the present invention can scrape off the residual bone on the thread of the tail of the broken nail and discharge it through the drainage groove, so that the thread connection is not difficult) until it can just be tightened; hold the trephine 10 with one hand, and turn the handle 231 with the other hand. The handle 231 drives the worm 232 to rotate, which in turn drives the internal thread worm wheel 24 to rotate. During the rotation of wheel 24, the wedge cutter 25 is pushed down. As the wedge cutter 25 descends, its lower end wedge cutter head 251 gradually inserts between the thread of the broken nail tail and the discharge groove 221. When the handle 231 can no longer be turned, stop (the appropriate number of rotations of the handle can be further determined through experiments to further standardize the operation so that the wedge cutter head is wedged between the thread of the broken nail tail and the discharge groove to an appropriate degree); then rotate the mounting part 211 counterclockwise (it can be rotated according to the specific screwing direction of the thread) to unscrew the broken nail (when it is difficult to unscrew, a screwdriver can be inserted into the mounting part to increase the torque).

[0044] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics, comprising a trephine section (10) and a nail removal section (20), characterized in that: The circumferential drill (10) includes a drill barrel (12), a guide head (11), and a spring (14). One end of the drill barrel (12) is provided with a tooth (121), and the side wall of the other end is provided with a hole. One end of the spring (14) is engaged in the hole, and the other end is rotatably connected to the guide head (11). The guide head (11) is inserted into the end of the drill barrel (12) provided with the tooth (121). The nail-retrieving part (20) includes a nail-retrieving part housing (21), a tube plate die (22), a worm drive (23), an internal thread worm gear (24), a wedge cutter (25), and a limiting member (30). The nail-retrieving part housing (21) includes a mounting part (211), a connecting part (213), and an extension part (212) connecting the mounting part (211) and the connecting part (213). The side wall of the connecting part (213) is provided with a slot (2131), and the radial section of the connecting part (213) is non-linear. The mounting part (211) is circular; it is provided with a worm gear mounting cavity (2112), a worm connecting cavity (2113) communicating with the worm gear mounting cavity (2112), and a wedge-tightening knife insertion hole (2114) communicating with the worm gear mounting cavity (2112). The wedge-tightening knife insertion hole (2114) also penetrates the connecting part (213) and the extension part (212); the inner wall surface of one end of the tube plate die (22) is provided with a thread (222) and a drain groove (221) parallel to the axis of the tube plate die (22). One end is provided with a hole for insertion into the connecting part (213). The shape of the hole on one end of the tube plate die (22) is the same as the radial cross-sectional shape of the connecting part (213). The outer wall of the tube plate die (22) is provided with a hole that can be aligned with the slot (2131) at the end away from the thread (222). The limiting member (30) is connected to the slot (2131) and the hole on the outer wall of the tube plate die (22). The internal thread worm gear (24) is rotatably connected in the worm gear mounting cavity (2112). The worm (232) of the worm drive component (23) is connected in the worm connecting cavity (2113) and meshes with the internal thread worm wheel (24); one end of the wedge cutter (25) is provided with an external thread that engages with the thread in the internal thread worm wheel (24), and the other end is provided with a wedge cutter head (251) for inserting into the inner wall of the tube sheet die (22) and the broken screw thread. The wedge cutter (25) is connected to the internal thread worm wheel (24) at one end with the external thread, and inserted into the discharge groove (221) at the other end. The circumferential drill (10) is connected to the end of the mounting part (211) away from the extension (212) through a hole provided in the side wall of the drill barrel (12); The guide head (11) includes a pin (111), a guide tube (112), and a connecting shaft (113). The guide tube (112) is cylindrical, and one end of the guide tube (112) is chamfered (115). The pin (111) is connected to the center of the end of the guide tube (112) with chamfered (115). One end of the connecting shaft (113) is connected to the center of the other end of the guide tube (112).

2. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting part (211) is also provided with a socket (2111), which is located on the side wall of the mounting part (211).

3. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary rotating arm, one end of which is inserted into the socket (2111).

4. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary rotating arm is a screwdriver (40).

5. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The screwdriver (40) is a flathead screwdriver.

6. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component (30) is a screw.

7. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drill barrel (12) also includes a vent hole (15), which is located on the side wall of the drill barrel (12).

8. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide tube (112) is also provided with a convex ring (114), which is located around the chamfer (115), and the central axis of the convex ring (114) coincides with the axis of the ejector pin (111).

9. The auxiliary device for removing broken nails in trauma orthopedics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring (14) is provided with a protrusion (142), and the other end is connected to a double-ended connector (13). The double-ended connector (13) is located at the axial position of the spring body (141). The protrusion (142) is used to engage with the hole in the wall of the drill barrel (12). The double-ended connector (13) is used to rotatably connect with the connecting shaft (113).

Images