Method for composite strengthening of a metallic material and use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a composite strengthening method of a metal material and application thereof, and the composite strengthening method comprises the following steps: dividing a plurality of permeation regions and a plurality of sand blasting regions on a metal matrix surface, performing permeation strengthening treatment on the permeation regions, and performing sand blasting strengthening treatment on the sand blasting regions; wherein the area ratio of the permeation regions to the sand blasting regions is 2-5:2-5; and the sum of the areas of the permeation regions and the sand blasting regions is 70-100% of the area of the metal matrix surface. The friction-reducing wear-resistant metal material treated by the composite strengthening method has the characteristics of large surface hardness, good friction-reducing wear-resistant performance, effective inhibition of crack initiation and early expansion, and high friction fatigue life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallic materials technology, specifically relating to a composite strengthening method for metallic materials and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Various types of metallic materials are widely used in many fields such as machinery, aerospace, and transportation. Many of these applications place higher demands on the friction and wear resistance, as well as the fatigue resistance for long service life of these materials. Therefore, an increasing number of strengthening methods are being applied to metallic materials, including high-energy beam treatment, sandblasting, and infiltration treatment. Sandblasting, as a typical deformation strengthening method, relies on the high-speed impact of projectiles to induce reciprocating plastic deformation on the surface, ultimately forming an elasto-plastic deformation layer. It has advantages such as simple processing, low cost, and no limitations imposed by site or workpiece size, and has been widely used in engineering. Surface heat treatment and thermochemical treatment technologies, including carbide diffusion, zirconium diffusion, CrN diffusion, and plasma nitriding, can significantly improve the surface hardness of metals and increase local yield strength.

[0003] However, current strengthening methods are limited and their effects on mechanically deformable parts and complex workpieces are not ideal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a composite strengthening method that can achieve regional coupling, providing both functional zoning and overall strengthening. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a composite strengthening method for metallic materials and its application. The friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic materials obtained by this composite strengthening method have the characteristics of high surface hardness, good friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties, effective suppression of crack initiation and early propagation, and high friction fatigue life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a composite strengthening method for metallic materials, comprising the following steps: dividing a plurality of penetration regions and a plurality of sandblasting regions on the surface of a metal substrate; performing penetration strengthening treatment on the penetration regions; and performing sandblasting strengthening treatment on the sandblasting regions; wherein the area ratio of the penetration regions to the sandblasting regions is 2-5:2-5 (preferably 3:2); and the sum of the areas of the penetration regions and the sandblasting regions is 70-100% (preferably 100%) of the surface area of ​​the metal substrate.

[0006] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the area of ​​a single penetration region is equal to the area of ​​a single sandblasting region.

[0007] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the number of the penetration zones is not less than two, and the number of the sandblasting zones is not less than two.

[0008] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the material of the metal matrix is ​​one of low-carbon alloy structural steel, medium-carbon alloy structural steel, tool steel, stainless steel, and heat-resistant steel, such as Q195, Q215, Q235, Q275, Q390, Q420, Y40Mn, 30Mn, 15CrMo, 45CrNi, 20CrNi3H, GCr9, GCr15, G20CrMo, 5CrNiMo, W2Mo9C, 1Cr18Ni12, 8Cr17, 2Cr21Ni12N, etc., which can be applied to most metal steels and has a wide range of applications.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the metal substrate is subjected to pickling treatment to remove oxide scale and rust from the metal substrate material, followed by penetration strengthening treatment or sandblasting strengthening treatment.

[0010] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pickling treatment employs one or a combination of two or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, chromic acid, and hydrofluoric acid.

[0011] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the shapes of the penetration area and the sandblasting area are each independently selected from rectangles, parallelograms, circles, or irregular shapes.

[0012] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the defined area of ​​the metal substrate is generally an adjacent rectangle or an adjacent parallelogram. Depending on the irregularity of the workpiece, it can also be designed into other shapes, such as circles, to adapt to the irregularity of the workpiece and meet the strengthening needs of different areas.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the shapes of any two penetration zones can be the same or different, and the shapes of any two sandblasting zones can be the same or different.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, a plurality of penetration regions and a plurality of sandblasting regions are divided in parallel on the surface of the metal substrate, and the penetration regions and sandblasting regions are arranged alternately.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the infiltration enhancement treatment is one or a combination of two or more of the following: infiltration of C, infiltration of Zr, infiltration of CrN, and plasma nitriding.

[0016] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the permeation enhancement treatment is carried out using a vacuum ion permeation furnace.

[0017] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the temperature of the penetration enhancement treatment is 400℃-700℃, for example 400℃, 410℃, 420℃, 430℃, 440℃, 450℃, 460℃, 470℃, 480℃, 490℃, 500℃, 550℃, 600℃, 650℃, or 700℃.

[0018] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the time for the penetration enhancement treatment is 30h-80h, for example 30h, 35h, 40h, 45h, 50h, 55h, 60h, 65h, 70h, 75h, or 80h.

[0019] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the sandblasting particles used in the sandblasting strengthening treatment are one or a combination of two or more of copper ore sand, quartz sand, corundum, iron sand, and sea sand.

[0020] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the particle size of the sandblasting particles is 40μm-500μm, such as 50μm, 100μm, 150μm, 200μm, 250μm, 300μm, 350μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, more preferably 40μm-120μm.

[0021] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pressure of the sandblasting strengthening treatment is 20N-150N, such as 20N, 30N, 40N, 50N, 60N, 70N, 80N, 90N, 100N, 110N, 120N, 130N, 140N, 150N, more preferably 50N-120N.

[0022] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the angle of the sandblasting strengthening treatment is 15°-90°, for example 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°.

[0023] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the distance of the sandblasting strengthening treatment is 80mm-300mm, for example 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 110mm, 120mm, 130mm, 140mm, 150mm, 160mm, 170mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 210mm, 220mm, 230mm, 240mm, 250mm, 260mm, 270mm, 280mm, 290mm, 300mm.

[0024] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the sandblasting strengthening treatment is carried out using a dry box-type sandblasting machine.

[0025] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the composite strengthening method for the above-mentioned metallic materials includes the following specific steps:

[0026] (1) First, the oxide scale and rust on the metal substrate are removed by pickling;

[0027] (2) Delineate an area on the metal substrate and perform infiltration treatment, and perform infiltration strengthening treatment by adjusting the process in a vacuum ion permeation furnace;

[0028] (3) Sandblasting is performed on other areas after the penetration strengthening treatment using a dry box sandblasting machine.

[0029] The present invention also provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the composite strengthening method of the above-mentioned metallic material.

[0030] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the thickness of the reinforcing layer or hard layer of the friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material is 200μm-300μm, and the hardness is HV 500-HV 700.

[0031] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic materials in wear-resistant, fatigue-resistant, and interfacial adhesion-resistant parts.

[0032] This invention applies penetrating strengthening treatment and sandblasting strengthening treatment to different regions of a metallic material. Penetrating strengthening treatment significantly enhances the surface hardness of the metallic matrix material, thereby improving its friction reduction and wear resistance. Sandblasting strengthening treatment introduces residual compressive stress to a certain depth, offsetting the tensile and compressive stresses generated during friction fatigue testing. This effectively inhibits crack initiation and early propagation, significantly improving the friction fatigue life of the metallic material. Simultaneously, it forms a hardened layer on the surface of the metallic matrix material. The regional coupling effect of sandblasting strengthening treatment and penetrating strengthening treatment not only creates functional zoning but also provides composite overall strengthening. This invention offers a new method for strengthening long-life, high-reliability, wear-resistant, fatigue-resistant, and anti-interfacial adhesion components in high-end equipment such as aerospace. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of composite reinforcement of metallic materials;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a composite reinforced section of a metallic material;

[0035] Figure 3 The measured diagram shows the composite reinforcement of metallic materials.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding bushing sample structure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the techniques or conditions described in the following embodiments are performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in the product manual. Unless otherwise specified, the equipment or instruments used are all commercially available conventional products.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following composite strengthening method:

[0041] First, the Q195 metal material (300cm×300cm) was acid-washed with sulfuric acid to remove impurities and oxides from the metal surface. Six parallel rectangular areas of equal area were then defined on the metal material, with each area alternately designated as a penetration zone and a sandblasting zone. The penetration zone was then subjected to carbon penetration treatment (methane as the carbon source, hereinafter the same) at 450℃ for 50 hours to complete the penetration strengthening treatment. Next, the sandblasting zone was subjected to sandblasting strengthening treatment using 40μm abrasive, at a pressure of 40N, an angle of 90°, and a distance of 200mm. After completing the above operations, a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material with a hard layer thickness of approximately 230μm and a hardness of approximately HV 500 was obtained. A front view of this material is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sectional schematic diagram is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the measured thickness of the hard layer is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following composite strengthening method:

[0044] First, the 45CrNi metal material (300cm×300cm) was acid-washed with sulfuric acid to remove impurities and oxides from the metal surface. Six parallel rectangular areas of equal area were then demarcated on the metal material, with each rectangular area alternately designated as a penetration area and a sandblasting area. The penetration area was then subjected to C penetration treatment at a temperature of 500℃ for 60 hours to complete the penetration strengthening treatment. Next, the sandblasting area was subjected to sandblasting strengthening treatment using 40μm abrasive, with a pressure of 50N, an angle of 60°, and a distance of 200mm. After completing the above operations, a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material with a hard layer thickness of approximately 230μm and a hardness of approximately HV 550 was obtained.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This embodiment provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following composite strengthening method:

[0047] First, the GCr15 metal material (300cm×300cm) was acid-washed with sulfuric acid to remove impurities and oxides from the metal surface. Six parallel rectangular areas of equal area were then delineated on the metal material, with each rectangular area alternately designated as a penetration area and a sandblasting area. The penetration area was then subjected to C penetration treatment at a temperature of 600℃ for 40 hours to complete the penetration strengthening treatment. Next, the sandblasting area was subjected to sandblasting strengthening treatment using 40μm abrasive, at a pressure of 40N, an angle of 45°, and a distance of 200mm. After completing the above operations, a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material with a hard layer thickness of approximately 230μm and a hardness of approximately HV 600 was obtained.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] This embodiment provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following composite strengthening method:

[0050] First, the 1Cr18Ni12 metal material (300cm×300cm) was acid-washed with sulfuric acid to remove impurities and oxides from the metal surface. Six parallel rectangular areas of equal area were delineated on the metal material, with each rectangular area alternately designated as a penetration area and a sandblasting area. The penetration area was then subjected to C penetration treatment at a temperature of 580℃ for 50 hours to complete the penetration strengthening treatment. Next, the sandblasting area was subjected to sandblasting strengthening treatment using 40μm abrasive, with a pressure of 40N, an angle of 90°, and a distance of 200mm. After completing the above operations, a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material with a hard layer thickness of approximately 230μm and a hardness of approximately HV 700 was obtained.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] This comparative example provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following method:

[0053] First, the Q195 metal material (300cm×300cm) was pickled with sulfuric acid without penetration or sandblasting strengthening treatment. The hardness of the metal material was measured and found to be approximately HV 220. According to the test machine test, the wear resistance life was far less than that of the metal material after composite strengthening treatment, as shown in Table 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] This comparative example provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following method:

[0056] First, the Q195 metal material (300cm×300cm) was pickled with sulfuric acid and then subjected to a penetration treatment (placed in an environment with an active carburizing medium and a temperature of 560℃ for 30 hours). No sandblasting strengthening treatment was performed. The hardness of the metal material was measured and found to be approximately HV 700. According to the test machine test, the improvement in wear resistance life was not significant, as shown in Table 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] This comparative example provides a friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, which is obtained by the following method:

[0059] First, the Q195 metal material (300cm×300cm) was pickled with sulfuric acid without penetration treatment. Then, it was sandblasted (positive pressure 10MPa, angle 90°, distance 200mm, 40μm diamond sandblasting for 5min). The hardness of the metal material was measured and found to be approximately HV 300. According to the test machine test, the wear resistance life was significantly improved, as shown in Table 1.

[0060] Abrasion life test:

[0061] Test plan: The sliding bushing samples (such as those obtained by the processing methods of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Example 4) will be tested. Figure 4 As shown, the unit is mm, the material is stainless steel, the thickness is 16 mm, and the diameter of the round hole is 16 mm; the treatment area is the inner side of the round hole. The treatment method corresponding to Example 4 is adjusted to "delineate 6 parallel rectangular areas of the same area on the inner surface of the round hole perpendicular to the direction of the ring, and the rectangular areas are alternately separated as the penetration area and the sandblasting area"). The fatigue life is compared, and the MTS fatigue test is carried out according to the aviation titanium alloy test standard (based on the axial loading fatigue SN curve of TB6 titanium alloy lug element in Volume 4 of the "China Aviation Materials Handbook"). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Comparative Example 1 145860 Comparative Example 2 239605 Comparative Example 3 394667 Example 4 1368051

[0064] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite strengthening method for metallic materials, comprising the following steps: Several penetration areas and several sandblasting areas are divided on the surface of the metal substrate. The penetration areas are subjected to penetration strengthening treatment, and the sandblasting areas are subjected to sandblasting strengthening treatment. The area ratio of the penetration area to the sandblasting area is 2-5:2-5; The sum of the areas of the penetration zone and the sandblasting zone is 70-100% of the surface area of ​​the metal substrate.

2. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The area of ​​a single penetration zone is equal to the area of ​​a single sandblasting zone.

3. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The number of penetration zones is not less than 2, and the number of sandblasting zones is not less than 2.

4. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the metal matrix is ​​one of low-carbon alloy structural steel, medium-carbon alloy structural steel, tool steel, stainless steel, and heat-resistant steel.

5. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The metal substrate is subjected to pickling followed by penetration strengthening treatment or sandblasting strengthening treatment.

6. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 5, wherein, The pickling treatment uses one or more of the following: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, chromic acid, and hydrofluoric acid.

7. The method of composite strengthening of metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The shapes of the penetration area and the sandblasting area are each independently selected from parallelograms, circles, or irregular shapes.

8. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, Any two penetration zones may have the same or different shapes, and any two sandblasting zones may have the same or different shapes.

9. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, Several penetration zones and several sandblasting zones are divided parallel to each other on the surface of the metal substrate, and the penetration zones and sandblasting zones are arranged alternately.

10. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The infiltration enhancement treatment is one or a combination of two or more of the following: C infiltration, Zr infiltration, CrN infiltration, and plasma nitriding.

11. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The enhanced permeation treatment was carried out using a vacuum ion permeation furnace.

12. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature for the infiltration enhancement treatment is 400℃-700℃.

13. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The duration of the penetration enhancement treatment is 30 h to 80 h.

14. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The sandblasting strengthening treatment uses sandblasting particles that are one or a combination of two or more of the following: copper ore sand, quartz sand, corundum, iron sand, and sea sand.

15. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 14, wherein, The particle size of the sandblasting particles is 40μm-500μm.

16. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 15, wherein, The particle size of the sandblasting particles is 40μm-120μm.

17. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure of the sandblasting strengthening treatment is 20 N-150 N.

18. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 17, wherein, The pressure of the sandblasting strengthening treatment is 50 N-120 N.

19. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The angle of the sandblasting reinforcement treatment is 15°-90°.

20. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The distance for the sandblasting reinforcement treatment is 80 mm to 300 mm.

21. The composite strengthening method for metallic materials according to claim 1, wherein, The sandblasting enhancement treatment is carried out using a dry box-type sandblasting machine.

22. A friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material, obtained by the composite strengthening method of the metallic material according to any one of claims 1-21.

23. The friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material according to claim 22, wherein the thickness of the reinforcing layer or hard layer of the friction-reducing and wear-resistant metal material is 200 μm-300 μm, and the hardness is HV 500-HV 700.

24. The application of the friction-reducing and wear-resistant metallic material as described in claim 22 or 23 in wear-resistant, fatigue-resistant, and interfacial adhesion-resistant parts.

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