A kind of air distribution device for power plant using different coal

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of power plant coal combustion, and discloses a kind of air distribution devices for power plant to adapt to different coal usage, including air distribution flow channel for guiding airflow, further including transmission member, air register and fixed platform, the air register is communicated with air distribution flow channel and is slidingly connected, the transmission member is connected with air register for driving air register rotation along circumference, intersection groove is opened in the air register, and a plurality of ventilation flow channels are symmetrically opened on the air register and communicated with intersection groove.The air distribution device for power plant to adapt to different coal usage, by designing air speed adjusting mechanism on air distribution section, can adaptively adjust air speed when power plant uses different coal, i.e. adjusting hot air volume and air speed, cold air volume and air speed or secondary air volume and air speed, so as to adapt to the requirements of different coal on temperature, oxygen content and air speed, and prevent the situation of reducing combustion efficiency due to air distribution problem during coal replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal combustion technology in power plants, specifically to an air distribution device for power plants adapted to different types of coal. Background Technology

[0002] A thermal power plant, or coal-fired power plant for short, is a factory that uses combustible materials (such as coal) as fuel to produce electricity. Among them, coal-fired power plants are the main power plants in my country's power system, accounting for a large proportion of the total. The construction of coal-fired power plants is usually based on the design of a specific type of coal, so that the power plant can be put into operation. Therefore, after the coal-fired power plant is put into operation, the efficiency and benefits are best when the original coal type is used for combustion.

[0003] However, in the actual application of coal-fired power plants, due to the year-on-year increase in coal costs, the cost of coal accounts for an increasingly larger proportion of the power plant's operation. Power plants usually select coal types, which can easily be purchased from different regions. However, coal types from different regions have different performance characteristics and cannot be completely replaced by the designed coal type. Therefore, when coal types from different regions are purchased and actually applied to power plants, they cannot achieve efficient combustion, which will reduce the safety and economy of power plant operation.

[0004] Currently, the typical method for burning coal involves grinding coal into pulverized coal, then using primary air equipment to deliver cold and hot air to bring the pulverized coal to a certain temperature before sending it into the combustion chamber for combustion. Secondary air equipment is used to deliver oxygen to ensure combustion efficiency. When the power plant load changes, the air volume is usually adjusted and the air distribution is controlled by regulating the speed of the blower and the baffles on the air duct. However, when different types of coal from different regions are used alone or in combination in power plants, the load is usually lower than the design load for the designed coal type. The above-mentioned air distribution method is also prone to reduced contact efficiency between pulverized coal particles and air due to the limitation of the air outlet. This is not conducive to temperature control of pulverized coal before it enters the boiler and to the combustion of coal particles, which increases the carbon content of fly ash and may lead to boiler shutdown.

[0005] Therefore, a power plant air distribution device adapted to different types of coal is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an air distribution device for power plants that is adaptable to different types of coal. It has advantages such as easy adjustment and guaranteed combustion effect. It solves the problem that when different types of coal from different regions are used alone or in combination in power plants, the load is usually lower than the design load for the designed coal type. Furthermore, the designed air distribution method is prone to reduced contact efficiency between coal powder particles and air due to the limitation of the air outlet, which is not conducive to temperature control of coal powder before entering the boiler and the combustion of coal particles. This leads to an increase in the carbon content of fly ash and causes the boiler to shut down.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types includes an air distribution channel for guiding airflow, a transmission component, an air regulating duct, and a fixed platform. The air regulating duct is connected to the air distribution channel and is slidably connected. The transmission component is connected to the air regulating duct to drive the air regulating duct to rotate circumferentially. A confluence groove is opened inside the air regulating duct. Multiple sets of ventilation channels connected to the confluence groove are symmetrically opened on the air regulating duct. The aperture of the multiple sets of ventilation channels decreases sequentially along the ring. A closed hole is opened inside the air regulating duct at the connection between the ventilation channel and the confluence groove. A closing plate is provided vertically movable inside the closed hole. First pushing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air distribution channel on the fixed platform. The first pushing components are used to push the closing plate to move vertically to block the ventilation channel.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by designing a wind speed adjustment mechanism on the air distribution section, the wind speed can be adjusted adaptively according to the different types of coal used in the power plant. This means that the volume and speed of hot air, cold air, or secondary air can be adjusted to meet the requirements of different types of coal for temperature, oxygen content, and wind speed. It can also enhance or weaken the mixing and disturbance effect of air in the flow field during the coal heating or combustion process as needed, and prevent the reduction of combustion efficiency due to air distribution problems during coal type change.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the first pushing member includes a vertical arc-shaped block and a first stopping block. The vertical arc-shaped block is provided on the fixed platform, and the first stopping block is provided on the vertical arc-shaped block.

[0011] Furthermore, the closing plate is provided with a first vertical rod, and a vertical roller is rotatably provided on the other end of the first vertical rod. An annular block is provided on the first vertical rod, and a first return spring is provided between the annular block and the air regulating tube.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an outer cover fixedly mounted on a fixed platform, the air regulating duct being rotatably mounted inside the outer cover, the outer cover having symmetrically arranged normally open holes, the air distribution channel being connected to the normally open holes, the outer cover having symmetrically arranged discharge holes, the discharge hole diameter being larger than the ventilation channel diameter, and the fixed platform having a receiving box located at the discharge hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a scraping hole is provided inside the air conditioning duct along the ventilation channel from the inside to the outside, located on one side of the closed hole. A scraping plate is slidably provided inside the scraping hole from the inside to the outside. A second pushing member is symmetrically provided on the fixed platform, located outside the first pushing member and below the discharge hole. The second pushing member is used to push the scraping plate to move along the ventilation channel from the inside to the outside to clean the inner wall of the ventilation channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the second pushing member includes a transverse arc-shaped block and a second stopping block. The transverse arc-shaped block is provided on the fixed platform, and the second stopping block is provided on the transverse arc-shaped block.

[0015] Furthermore, the scraper is provided with a second vertical rod, the other end of the second vertical rod is provided with a horizontal roller, the second vertical rod is provided with a fixing plate, the rotating end of the air regulating tube is provided with a rotatable positioning block, and a second return spring is provided between the fixing plate and the positioning block.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning block is provided with a guide rod that penetrates the fixing plate, and the second reset spring is located outside the guide rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the scraper includes a hollow frame adapted to the shape of the ventilation channel, a scraper is provided on the edge of the hollow frame, an I-shaped slider adapted to slide and connect with the scraper hole is provided on the hollow frame, and an auxiliary hole is provided on the outer cover to communicate with the discharge hole for the I-shaped slider to move.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a blower, which is connected to the air distribution channel to guide outside air into the air distribution channel, and the transmission component is an electric motor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positions of the first and second pushing members of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the position of the transverse roller and the scraper plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the position of the vertical roller and the closing plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second pushing member of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air regulating duct of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Airflow duct; 2. Transmission component; 3. Air regulating duct; 4. Fixed platform; 5. Interchange groove; 6. Ventilation duct; 7. Closing hole; 8. Closing plate; 9. First pusher; 91. Vertical arc block; 92. First stop block; 10. First vertical rod; 11. Vertical roller; 12. Annular block; 13. First return spring; 14. Outer cover; 15. Normally open hole; 16. Discharge hole; 17. Receiving box; 18. Scraper hole; 19. Scraper plate; 191. Hollow frame; 192. I-shaped slider; 20. Second pusher; 201. Horizontal arc block; 202. Second stop block; 21. Second vertical rod; 22. Horizontal roller; 23. Fixed plate; 24. Positioning block; 25. Second return spring; 26. Guide rod; 27. Blower. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the embodiments, by Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Provided is an air distribution device for power plants adapted to different coal types, including an air distribution channel 1 for guiding airflow, a transmission component 2, an air regulating duct 3, and a fixed platform 4. The air regulating duct 3 is connected to the air distribution channel 1 and is slidably connected. The transmission component 2 is connected to the air regulating duct 3 to drive the air regulating duct 3 to rotate circumferentially. A confluence groove 5 is opened inside the air regulating duct 3. Multiple sets of ventilation channels 6 connected to the confluence groove 5 are symmetrically opened on the air regulating duct 3. The ventilation channels 6 are through holes opened from the outer wall of the air regulating duct 3 inward. The diameter of the multiple sets of ventilation channels 6 decreases sequentially along the ring, and the outlet diameter can be adjusted according to the load requirements to achieve the adjustment of air volume and air velocity. Multiple orifices of different diameters can be directly rotated to the specified orifice diameter of the ventilation channel 6 for use, so that the airflow is kept out of the same center, the airflow is more stable and the adjustment is easier to operate and control, without the need for baffle adjustment which changes the airflow direction and is unstable. The air regulating tube 3 has a closed hole 7 located at the connection between the ventilation channel 6 and the confluence groove 5. A closing plate 8 is vertically movable in the closed hole 7. Slider is provided on both sides of the closing plate 8. The air regulating tube 3 has a sliding groove adapted to the slider. The fixed platform 4 has first pushers 9 symmetrically located on both sides of the air distribution channel 1. The first pushers 9 are used to push the closing plate 8 to move vertically to block the ventilation channel 6.

[0023] The ventilation duct 6 is preferably three sets, but it can also be increased to four or five sets as needed. Furthermore, it also includes a blower 27, which is connected to the air distribution channel 1 to guide outside air into the air distribution channel 1, and the transmission component 2 is an electric motor; Among them, the blower 27 is a primary blower or a secondary blower, and the air flow channel 1 can be a primary air cooling channel, a primary air heating channel, or a secondary air oxygen supply channel. The device can be used on the primary air flow channel or the secondary air flow channel according to the actual application, so as to achieve the effect of regulating the air flow and adapting to the air distribution adjustment when different coal types are used alone or in combination. Furthermore, the first pushing member 9 includes a vertical arc-shaped block 91 and a first stopping block 92. The fixed platform 4 is provided with the vertical arc-shaped block 91 and the first stopping block 92 is provided on the vertical arc-shaped block 91.

[0024] The closing plate 8 is provided with a first vertical rod 10, and the other end of the first vertical rod 10 is provided with a rotatable vertical roller 11. The first vertical rod 10 is provided with an annular block 12, and a first return spring 13 is provided between the annular block 12 and the air regulating tube 3. The vertical arc block 91 has an arc surface. When the vertical roller 11 is on the arc surface, the vertical roller 11 will move up along the arc surface as it rotates circumferentially, thereby pushing the closing plate 8 to move up. In addition, a first stop block 92 is designed so that when the vertical roller 11 moves to the top side of the vertical arc block 91, it can continue to maintain the closing effect of the closing plate 8 on the ventilation channel 6 as needed during the subsequent rotation process.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes an outer cover 14 fixed on the fixed platform 4, an air regulating duct 3 rotatably installed inside the outer cover 14, normally open holes 15 symmetrically provided on the outer cover 14, the air flow channel 1 connected to the normally open holes 15, and discharge holes 16 symmetrically provided on the outer cover 14, the diameter of the discharge hole 16 being larger than the diameter of the ventilation channel 6, and a receiving box 17 located at the discharge hole 16 on the fixed platform 4; The receiving box 17 can also completely cover the discharge hole 16, which can prevent waste from scattering to the outside during the process of falling into the receiving box 17 (this design is not shown in the figure). The ventilation channel 6, except for the ventilation channel 6 located at the normally open hole 15 and the discharge hole 16, is blocked and closed by the outer cover 14 to prevent the overflow of waste dust. Only the discharge hole 16 is designed as an outlet for cleaning waste dust.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, a scraping hole 18 is provided inside the air duct 3 along the ventilation channel 6 from the inside to the outside, located on one side of the closed hole 7. A scraping plate 19 is slidably provided inside the scraping hole 18 from the inside to the outside. A second pushing member 20 is symmetrically provided on the fixed platform 4, located outside the first pushing member 9 and below the discharge hole 16. The second pushing member 20 is used to push the scraping plate 19 to move along the ventilation channel 6 from the inside to the outside to clean the inner wall of the ventilation channel 6.

[0027] The second pusher 20 includes a transverse arc block 201 and a second stop block 202. The fixed platform 4 is provided with the transverse arc block 201 and the transverse arc block 201 is provided with the second stop block 202.

[0028] The scraper 19 is provided with a second vertical rod 21, the other end of the second vertical rod 21 is provided with a horizontal roller 22, the second vertical rod 21 is provided with a fixing plate 23, the rotating end of the air duct 3 is provided with a rotatable positioning block 24, and a second return spring 25 is provided between the fixing plate 23 and the positioning block 24.

[0029] The transverse arc block 201 has an arc surface. When the transverse roller 22 is on the arc surface, the transverse roller 22 will move outward along the arc surface as it rotates circumferentially, thereby pushing the scraper 19 to move outward. A second stop block 202 is designed so that when the transverse roller 22 moves to the outermost side of the transverse arc block 201, the scraper 19 can continue to be kept at the discharge hole 16 as needed during the subsequent rotation. Furthermore, the positioning block 24 is provided with a guide rod 26 that penetrates the fixing plate 23, and the second return spring 25 is located outside the guide rod 26. The guide rod 26 can ensure the stability of the transverse roller 22 during movement. Furthermore, the scraper 19 includes a hollow frame 191 adapted to the shape of the ventilation channel 6. A scraper is provided on the edge of the hollow frame 191. An I-shaped slider 192 adapted to slide and connect with the scraper hole 18 is provided on the hollow frame 191. An auxiliary hole is provided on the outer cover 14 to communicate with the discharge hole 16 for the I-shaped slider 192 to move. The I-shaped slider 192 can ensure that no waste material enters the scraper hole 18 during the ventilation process of the ventilation channel 6, ensuring its sealing. In addition, the auxiliary hole can ensure that the I-shaped slider 192 will not be blocked by the outer cover 14 during the outward movement.

[0030] Working principle: First, the blower 27 drives outside air into the air distribution channel 1 for normal air distribution. When the air distribution needs to be adjusted according to the load, the transmission component 2 drives the air regulating duct 3 to rotate circumferentially, so that a corresponding set of ventilation channels 6 in the air regulating duct 3 rotates to the normally open hole 15 and connects with the air distribution channel 1. As the air regulating duct 3 rotates, another set of ventilation channels 6 that is first connected to the normally open hole 15 moves circumferentially, completing the conversion operation of ventilation channels 6 with different apertures. In this process, the closing plate 8, the first vertical rod 10, and the vertical roller 11 rotate circumferentially until the vertical roller 11 contacts the vertical arc block 91. The vertical roller 11 is pushed upward along the arc surface of the vertical arc block 91, the first return spring 13 is compressed, and the closing plate 8 moves upward with the first vertical rod 10 to block another ventilation channel 6. The other end opening of the other ventilation channel 6 is blocked and closed by the outer cover 14. The closing operation of the remaining ventilation channels 6 is completed while switching between ventilation channels 6 with different apertures. The third set of ventilation channels 6, which was originally located in another set of ventilation channels 6, moves toward the discharge hole 16. The closing plate 8 in the third set of ventilation channels 6 is in a blocked state. The vertical roller 11 is located on the first stop block 92. During the movement toward the discharge hole 16, the second vertical rod 21, the horizontal roller 22, and the scraper 19 rotate circumferentially. The horizontal roller 22 is pushed along the arc surface of the horizontal arc block 201, moving away from the center of the air duct 3. The second return spring 25 is stretched. The vertical rod 21 moves along with the scraper 19, which moves outward from inside the air duct 3. The scraper 19 scrapes the waste off the inner wall of the ventilation channel 6 until the horizontal roller 22 moves to the second stop block 202. The other end of the third ventilation channel 6 is connected to the discharge hole 16. The scraper 19 pushes the waste to the discharge hole 16, and the waste falls from the discharge hole 16 into the receiving box 17. That is, while switching between ventilation channels 6 with different apertures, the cleaning operation of the inner wall of the ventilation channel 6 is completed at the same time. During the rotation of the third set of ventilation channels 6, the vertical roller 11 and the horizontal roller 22 are reset by the elastic potential energy of the first reset spring 13 and the second reset spring 25, respectively. The third set of ventilation channels 6 is connected to the normally open hole 15 to guide air. The other two sets of ventilation channels 6 perform the blocking and closing operation of the closing plate 8 and the cleaning operation of the scraper plate 19, respectively.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types, comprising an air distribution channel (1) for guiding airflow, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission component (2), an air regulating duct (3), and a fixed platform (4). The air regulating duct (3) is connected to the air distribution channel (1) and is slidably connected. The transmission component (2) is connected to the air regulating duct (3) to drive the air regulating duct (3) to rotate circumferentially. A confluence groove (5) is provided inside the air regulating duct (3). Multiple sets of ventilation channels (6) connected to the confluence groove (5) are symmetrically provided on the air regulating duct (3). The aperture of the multiple sets of ventilation channels (6) decreases sequentially along the ring. A closed hole (7) is provided inside the air regulating duct (3) at the connection between the ventilation channel (6) and the confluence groove (5). A closing plate (8) is provided vertically movable inside the closed hole (7). A first pusher (9) is symmetrically provided on both sides of the air distribution channel (1) on the fixed platform (4). The first pusher (9) is used to push the closing plate (8) to move vertically to block the ventilation channel (6).

2. The air distribution device for power plants adapted to different coal types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pusher (9) includes a vertical arc block (91) and a first stop block (92). The fixed platform (4) is provided with a vertical arc block (91) and the vertical arc block (91) is provided with a first stop block (92).

3. The air distribution device for power plants adapted to different coal types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closing plate (8) is provided with a first vertical rod (10), and a vertical roller (11) is rotatably provided on the other end of the first vertical rod (10). An annular block (12) is provided on the first vertical rod (10), and a first return spring (13) is provided between the annular block (12) and the air regulating tube (3).

4. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It also includes an outer cover (14) fixed on a fixed platform (4), the air regulating duct (3) is rotatably installed inside the outer cover (14), the outer cover (14) is symmetrically provided with normally open holes (15), the air distribution channel (1) is connected to the normally open holes (15), the outer cover (14) is symmetrically provided with discharge holes (16), the diameter of the discharge hole (16) is larger than the diameter of the ventilation channel (6), and the fixed platform (4) is provided with a receiving box (17) located at the discharge hole (16).

5. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air conditioning duct (3) has a scraping hole (18) located on one side of the closed hole (7) along the ventilation channel (6) from the inside to the outside. The scraping hole (18) has a scraping plate (19) sliding along the inside to the outside. The fixed platform (4) has a second pusher (20) symmetrically located outside the first pusher (9) and below the discharge hole (16). The second pusher (20) is used to push the scraping plate (19) to move along the ventilation channel (6) from the inside to the outside to clean the inner wall of the ventilation channel (6).

6. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second pusher (20) includes a transverse arc block (201) and a second stop block (202). The fixed platform (4) is provided with a transverse arc block (201) and a second stop block (202) is provided on the transverse arc block (201).

7. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (19) is provided with a second vertical rod (21), the other end of the second vertical rod (21) is provided with a horizontal roller (22), the second vertical rod (21) is provided with a fixing plate (23), the rotating end of the air duct (3) is provided with a rotatable positioning block (24), and a second return spring (25) is provided between the fixing plate (23) and the positioning block (24).

8. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning block (24) is provided with a guide rod (26) that penetrates the fixing plate (23), and the second reset spring (25) is located outside the guide rod (26).

9. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (19) includes a hollow frame (191) adapted to the shape of the ventilation channel (6). The edge of the hollow frame (191) is provided with a scraper. The hollow frame (191) is provided with an I-shaped slider (192) adapted to slide and connect with the scraper hole (18). The outer cover (14) is provided with an auxiliary hole that communicates with the discharge hole (16) to allow the I-shaped slider (192) to move.

10. A power plant air distribution device adapted to different coal types as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a blower (27), which is connected to the air distribution channel (1) to guide outside air into the air distribution channel (1), and the transmission component (2) is an electric motor.

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