A method and device for determining the development degree of a carbonate cave-type reservoir

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for determining development degree of a carbonate cave-type reservoir. The method comprises the following steps: determining the seismic reflection energy of the top surface and the bottom surface of the carbonate cave-type reservoir through seismic data of a carbonate rock research area; determining a reservoir development index by using the seismic reflection energy of the top surface and the bottom surface of the reservoir according to the filling form of the reservoir; and determining the development degree of the reservoir according to the reservoir development index. The method can reasonably quantify the development degree of the carbonate cave-type reservoir, and provides an important basis for exploration and development of the carbonate cave-type reservoir.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reservoir inversion technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] Fracture-vuggy reservoirs in carbonate rocks are controlled by a variety of geological factors. The development of fracture-vuggy reservoirs is highly heterogeneous, and in seismic data, they exhibit beaded, disordered, and weak reflection characteristics. Quantifying the degree of reservoir development through seismic data remains a difficult problem to solve reasonably to this day. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method and apparatus for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems. This method and apparatus can reasonably quantify the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs and provide an important basis for their exploration and development.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for assessing the development level of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, including:

[0005] Using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area, the seismic reflection energy at the top and bottom surfaces of the carbonate rock cavernous reservoir was determined.

[0006] Based on the filling form of the reservoir, the reservoir development index is determined using the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir.

[0007] The degree of reservoir development is determined based on the reservoir development index.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, comprising:

[0009] The seismic reflection energy determination module is used to determine the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of carbonate cavernous reservoirs using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area.

[0010] The reservoir development index determination module is used to determine the reservoir development index based on the filling form of the reservoir and the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir.

[0011] The reservoir development degree analysis module is used to determine the reservoir development degree based on the reservoir development index.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-mentioned method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavern-type reservoirs.

[0013] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a server, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0015] (1) The method for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention determines the reservoir development index by using the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir based on the filling form of the carbonate cave-type reservoir, thereby realizing the reasonable quantification of the reservoir development degree and providing an important basis for the exploration and development of this type of reservoir.

[0016] (2) The method for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention describes the development degree index of cave-type reservoirs—the reservoir development index—based on the difference in the strength of the total seismic reflection energy and the top and bottom reflection energy of the carbonate cave-type reservoirs, providing a data basis for the reasonable quantification of the reservoir development degree.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific implementation of determining the development level of carbonate cave-type reservoirs in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a typical fractured-vuggy reservoir seismic reflection profile in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a plan view of seismic facies division and a schematic diagram of seismic profile in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the device for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0026] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] This invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, which can reasonably quantify the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs and provide an important basis for their exploration and development.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, the process of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0030] Step S11: Determine the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the carbonate cavernous reservoir using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area.

[0031] The development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs (also known as beaded reservoirs) is closely related to the seismic reflection energy, and also to the difference in the strength of the reflection energy at the top and bottom. Therefore, the seismic reflection energy at the top and bottom of the carbonate cavernous reservoir is determined first by using seismic data.

[0032] Step S12: Based on the reservoir filling form, determine the reservoir development index using the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir.

[0033] The filling forms of carbonate cavernous reservoirs include bottom filling and top filling.

[0034] In some embodiments, a matching reservoir development index can be selected to determine the model based on whether the reservoir is filled at the bottom or at the top; the reservoir development index is determined by using the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir and the selected reservoir development index to determine the model.

[0035] Furthermore, if the reservoir filling method is bottom filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index:

[0036]

[0037] If the reservoir filling method is top filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index:

[0038]

[0039] Where R is the development index of carbonate cavernous reservoir, P is the seismic reflection energy at the top surface of carbonate cavernous reservoir, T is the seismic reflection energy at the bottom surface of carbonate cavernous reservoir, P+T represents the total reflection energy of carbonate cavernous reservoir, and P / T or T / P represents the top-bottom reflection difference index of carbonate cavernous reservoir.

[0040] Step S13: Determine the degree of reservoir development based on the reservoir development index.

[0041] The larger the reservoir development index, the higher the degree of reservoir development is determined; the smaller the reservoir development index, the lower the degree of reservoir development is determined.

[0042] The method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention determines the reservoir development index based on the filling form of the carbonate cavernous reservoir and the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir. This achieves a reasonable quantification of the reservoir development degree and provides an important basis for the exploration and development of this type of reservoir.

[0043] Based on the difference in the total seismic reflection energy and the top and bottom reflection energy of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, a reservoir development index is used to characterize the development degree of cavernous reservoirs, providing a data basis for the reasonable quantification of reservoir development degree.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Embodiment 2 of this invention provides a specific implementation flow for a method to determine the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs. Taking the identification of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir types and the determination of the development degree of cavernous reservoirs as an example, carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs have strong heterogeneity, mainly exhibiting beaded, disordered, and weak reflection characteristics in seismic data. The development degree of the reservoir is related to both the seismic waveform and the seismic reflection energy. The method includes four steps: seismic reflection type analysis of fracture-cavity reservoirs, calculation of seismic reflection energy of fracture-cavity reservoirs, identification of fracture-cavity reservoir types, and calculation of the cavernous reservoir development index. The specific flow is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0046] Step S21: Based on well logging data and seismic data of the study area, obtain seismic facies information for each reservoir type, including cavernous reservoirs, in the study area through well-seismic calibration combined with seismic forward modeling.

[0047] Fine-grained well seismic calibration, combined with seismic forward modeling analysis of the seismic reflection characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, extracts seismic facies information for various reservoir types based on the intensity variations of seismic reflection waveforms and energy. This yields seismic facies information for cave-type, pore-type, and fracture-type reservoirs in the study area.

[0048] See Figure 3 The image shows a typical seismic reflection profile of a fractured-vuggy reservoir. Class II reservoirs are porosity reservoirs, and Class III reservoirs are fractured reservoirs.

[0049] Step S22: Based on the seismic facies information for each reservoir type, identify various reservoir types, including cavernous reservoirs, from the study area using seismic data.

[0050] Step S23: Determine the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the cavernous reservoir using seismic data.

[0051] Step S24: Based on whether the filling form of the cavernous reservoir is bottom filling or top filling, select the matching reservoir development index to determine the model.

[0052] Step S25: Utilize the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the cavernous reservoir to determine the reservoir development index by selecting the reservoir development index and establishing a model.

[0053] Step S26: Determine the development degree of cavernous reservoirs based on the reservoir development index.

[0054] join Figure 4 The image shows a seismic facies division plan (i.e., a reservoir type division plan) and a seismic profile of a certain well section. Nine cave bodies, ①-⑨, were identified in the image.

[0055] The specific execution process of steps S23-S26 above is described in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0056] Based on the inventive concept of this invention, embodiments of this invention also provide a device for assessing the development level of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0057] Seismic reflection energy determination module 51 is used to determine the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of carbonate cavernous reservoirs using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area.

[0058] The reservoir development index determination module 52 is used to determine the reservoir development index based on the filling form of the reservoir and the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir.

[0059] The reservoir development degree analysis module 53 is used to determine the reservoir development degree based on the reservoir development index.

[0060] In some embodiments, the reservoir development index determination module 52 is specifically used for:

[0061] Based on whether the reservoir is filled at the bottom or at the top, a matching reservoir development index is selected to determine the model; using the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir, the reservoir development index is determined by the selected reservoir development index model.

[0062] In some embodiments, the reservoir development index determination module 52 is specifically used for:

[0063] If the reservoir filling method is bottom filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index:

[0064]

[0065] Where R is the reservoir development index, P is the seismic reflection energy at the top of the reservoir, and T is the seismic reflection energy at the bottom of the reservoir.

[0066] In some embodiments, the reservoir development index determination module 52 is specifically used for:

[0067] If the reservoir filling method is top filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index:

[0068] .

[0069] In some embodiments, the reservoir development degree analysis module 53 is specifically used for:

[0070] The larger the reservoir development index, the higher the degree of reservoir development is determined; the smaller the reservoir development index, the lower the degree of reservoir development is determined.

[0071] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0072] Based on the inventive concept of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, realize the above-mentioned method for determining the development level of carbonate cavernous reservoirs.

[0073] Based on the inventive concept of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a server, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the above-mentioned method for determining the development level of carbonate cavernous reservoirs.

[0074] Unless otherwise specifically stated, terms such as processing, calculation, operation, determination, display, etc., may refer to the actions and / or processes of one or more processing or computing systems or similar devices that represent the manipulation and conversion of data representing physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the registers or memory of the processing system into other data similarly representing physical quantities within the memory, registers, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices of the processing system. Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0075] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0076] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described above are generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in alternative ways for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0078] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software modules can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0079] For software implementation, the techniques described in this application can be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in this application. This software code can be stored in memory units and executed by a processor. The memory units can be implemented within the processor or outside the processor; in the latter case, they are communicatively coupled to the processor via various means, as is well known in the art.

[0080] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs, characterized in that, include: Using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area, the seismic reflection energy at the top and bottom surfaces of the carbonate rock cavernous reservoir was determined. Based on the filling form of the reservoir, a matching reservoir development index determination model is selected. The reservoir development index is determined by utilizing the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir through the selected reservoir development index determination model. The degree of reservoir development is determined based on the reservoir development index. If the reservoir filling method is bottom filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index: ； If the reservoir filling method is top filling, the model is determined by selecting a matching reservoir development index: ； Where R is the reservoir development index, P is the seismic reflection energy at the top of the reservoir, and T is the seismic reflection energy at the bottom of the reservoir.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of reservoir development degree based on the reservoir development index specifically includes: The larger the reservoir development index, the higher the degree of reservoir development is determined; The smaller the reservoir development index, the lower the degree of reservoir development.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cavernous reservoir is pre-identified through the following steps: Based on well logging and seismic data of the study area, seismic facies information for each reservoir type, including cavernous reservoirs, is obtained by combining well-seismic calibration with seismic forward modeling. Based on the seismic facies information for each reservoir type, various reservoir types, including cavernous reservoirs, are identified from the study area using the seismic data.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Obtaining seismic facies information for each reservoir type, including cavernous reservoirs, in the study area specifically includes: Seismic facies information of cave-type, pore-type, and fracture-type reservoirs in the study area was obtained respectively.

5. A device for determining the development degree of carbonate cave-type reservoirs, characterized in that, The apparatus is used to perform the method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavernous reservoirs according to claim 1, the apparatus comprising: The seismic reflection energy determination module is used to determine the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of carbonate cavernous reservoirs using seismic data from the carbonate rock study area. The reservoir development index determination module is used to determine the reservoir development index based on the filling form of the reservoir and the seismic reflection energy of the top and bottom surfaces of the reservoir. The reservoir development degree analysis module is used to determine the reservoir development degree based on the reservoir development index.

6. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavern-type reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A server, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method for determining the development degree of carbonate cavern-type reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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