A beneficiation process for comprehensively recovering copper, sulfur, lead and zinc from low-grade high-sulfur copper ore

Abstract

The application relates to a low-grade copper ore comprehensive recovery copper, sulfur, lead and zinc ore dressing process, 1) after the low-grade copper ore is ground, copper-lead mixed flotation is carried out, copper-lead mixed roughing, four-time cleaning operations are carried out, and copper-lead concentrate is obtained; 2) after the copper-lead concentrate is ground, copper-lead separation flotation is carried out, copper-lead separation roughing, twice cleaning operations are carried out, copper concentrate is obtained, tailings of the copper-lead separation roughing and the twice cleaning operations are mixed to carry out lead cleaning, tailings of the lead cleaning are returned to the copper-lead separation roughing; 3) tailings of the copper-lead mixed roughing are subjected to twice scavenging operations, 4) tailings of the step 3) are subjected to zinc-sulfur mixed flotation, zinc-sulfur mixed roughing, twice scavenging operations are carried out, zinc-sulfur mixed roughing and twice scavenging concentrate are mixed together to carry out zinc-sulfur separation flotation, zinc-sulfur separation roughing, three-time cleaning operations are carried out, and zinc concentrate is obtained; 5) tailings of the zinc-sulfur separation roughing are subjected to twice scavenging operations, and finally, sulfur concentrate is obtained. The process is short, and the recovery rate is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing, and in particular to a comprehensive mineral processing technology for recovering copper, sulfur, lead and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-sulfur complex associated polymetallic copper deposits suffer from several drawbacks in their beneficiation processes, including the failure to effectively recover some metals, high content of other metals in the copper concentrate, low metal recovery rate, high reagent costs, and a long beneficiation process.

[0003] Existing patent CN110026293A describes a flotation method for high-sulfur copper-lead-zinc ore containing secondary copper. The method includes: grinding the raw ore and adding sodium sulfide to the mill during grinding; performing lead-copper flotation on the ground slurry to obtain a mixed lead-copper concentrate and floatable tailings; performing lead-copper separation on the mixed concentrate to obtain lead concentrate and simultaneously recovered copper concentrate; using lime as a pyrite depressant to perform asynchronous enhanced copper flotation on the floatable tailings to obtain asynchronously recovered copper concentrate and asynchronous enhanced copper flotation tailings; and performing zinc flotation on the asynchronous enhanced copper flotation tailings to obtain zinc concentrate and final tailings. This patent fails to achieve sulfur recovery; the copper-lead separation process is lengthy; the copper-lead separation index is low; and the copper in the minerals is not fully recovered during the copper-lead flotation process, leading to a secondary copper recovery process in subsequent steps, which is also lengthy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore, which has a short process flow and is easy to control.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) After grinding, low-grade copper ore is subjected to copper-lead mixed flotation. After roughing and four cleaning operations of copper-lead mixed flotation, copper-lead concentrate is obtained.

[0008] 2) After grinding, copper-lead concentrate is subjected to copper-lead separation flotation. After copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning operations, copper concentrate is obtained. The tailings from copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning operations are mixed for lead cleaning to obtain lead concentrate. The lead cleaning tailings are returned to copper-lead separation roughing.

[0009] 3) The tailings from the copper-lead mixed flotation roughing process undergo two scavenging operations;

[0010] 4) Step 3) The tailings are subjected to zinc-sulfur mixed flotation. After roughing and two scavenging operations, the zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing and two scavenging concentrates are mixed together for zinc-sulfur separation flotation. After roughing and three cleaning operations, zinc concentrate is obtained.

[0011] 5) The zinc-sulfur separation tailings are subjected to two scavenging operations to finally obtain sulfur concentrate.

[0012] The low-grade copper ore is a complex copper ore with high sulfur content, with a sulfur content of ≥20% in the raw ore.

[0013] In step 1), lime, No. 2 oil, and Z200 are added to the roughing stage of the copper-lead mixed flotation, and lime is added to the secondary cleaning stage.

[0014] In step 2), CMC, Z200 and No. 2 oil are added for the rough separation of copper and lead; CMC is added for the primary fine separation, and Z200 is added for lead fine separation.

[0015] In step 3), xanthate is added in a single sweep.

[0016] In step 4), sulfuric acid, xanthate, and No. 2 oil are added to the roughing stage of the zinc-sulfur mixed flotation. Xanthate is added to both the primary and secondary scavenging stages. Xanthate, lime, and No. 2 oil are added to the roughing stage of the zinc-sulfur separation. Lime is added to the primary cleaning stage.

[0017] The grinding fineness of the low-grade copper ore is ≥75% -0.074mm.

[0018] The grinding fineness of the copper-lead concentrate is ≥90% -0.074mm.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. This application deals with high-sulfur complex copper ore, in which the sulfur grade of the raw ore is ≥20, which belongs to the high-sulfur difficult-to-process complex ore.

[0021] 2. This patent achieves copper-lead separation by regrinding copper-lead concentrates, with the lead grade in the copper concentrate being ≤3% and the copper grade in the lead concentrate being ≤0.5%, thus efficiently realizing copper-lead separation.

[0022] 3. In the copper-lead separation stage, the roughing tailings and the tailings from the two cleaning stages are combined and then used for priority flotation of lead concentrate. The tailings are ultimately returned to the copper-lead separation roughing stage for further processing. Compared with conventional flotation processes, this process has the advantages of shortening the flotation process, reducing reagent usage, and effectively improving lead recovery.

[0023] 4. Compared with conventional copper mines containing sulfur and associated lead and zinc, this process can efficiently achieve comprehensive recovery of copper, sulfur, lead and zinc.

[0024] 5. The tailings from copper-lead mixed flotation scavenging are then subjected to zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing, and the concentrates from the two scavenging processes are mixed together for zinc-sulfur separation. This process can improve the concentrate recovery rate.

[0025] 6. The entire flotation process adopts segmented reagent addition, that is, reagents are added at both the roughing and scavenging stages. The advantage is that it improves the selectivity of the reagents and reduces reagent consumption.

[0026] 7. This process employs a copper-lead preferential mixed flotation followed by zinc-sulfur mixed flotation separation of the tailings, and finally copper-lead and zinc-sulfur separation. The process flow is short and easy to control. Most minerals are recovered during the roughing stage, effectively reducing reagent consumption and beneficiation costs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the mineral processing technology of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figure 1 A comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore includes the following steps:

[0032] 1) Low-grade copper ore is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥ 75%. Then, 2500-3000g / t of lime, 15-20g / t of No. 2 oil, and 40-45g / t of Z200 are added according to the weight of the slurry for copper-lead mixed flotation roughing. After four cleaning processes (cleaner 1, cleaner 2, cleaner 3, and cleaner 4), copper-lead concentrate is obtained. 500-800g / t of lime is added to cleaner 2.

[0033] 2) The copper-lead concentrate is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥90%. After grinding, CMC: 400-500g / t, Z200: 20-30g / t and No. 2 oil 5-10g / t are added to the product for copper-lead separation roughing. Then, copper concentrate is obtained by two fine cleaning processes, namely Cleaner 1-1 and Cleaner 2-1. CMC 80-100g / t is added to Cleaner 1-1.

[0034] The tailings from the copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning processes are mixed and added to Z2008-10g / t for lead cleaning to obtain lead concentrate. The lead cleaning tailings are returned to the copper-lead separation roughing process.

[0035] 3) The tailings from the roughing flotation of copper and lead are scavenged twice, in scavenging 1 and scavenging 2. Xanthate is added to scavenging 1 at a rate of 15-20 g / t. The scavenged concentrate is returned sequentially.

[0036] 4) In step 3), the tailings are treated with 8000-8500 g / t of sulfuric acid, 80-100 g / t of xanthate, and 30-40 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing. Then, the tailings undergo two more scavenging operations: Scavenging 1-1 and Scavenging 2-1. Scavenging 1-1 adds 20-25 g / t of xanthate, and Scavenging 2-1 adds 10-15 g / t of xanthate. The concentrates from the zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing and the two scavenging operations are mixed together and treated with 40-50 g / t of xanthate, 3000-3500 g / t of lime, and 20-30 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur separation roughing. Then, the concentrates undergo three more cleaning operations: Cleaning 1-2, Cleaning 2-2, and Cleaning 3-2 to obtain zinc concentrate. Cleaning 1-2 adds 800-1000 g / t of lime.

[0037] 5) The zinc-sulfur separation roughing tailings are scavenged twice, scavenging 1-2 and scavenging 2-2, and the scavenged concentrate is returned sequentially to finally obtain sulfur concentrate.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. In addition, various different embodiments of the present invention can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, and should also be considered as the content disclosed by the present invention.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and technical effects of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention are now described clearly and completely. However, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore is disclosed. The low-grade copper ore is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥ 75%. Then, 2600g / t of lime, 16g / t of No. 2 oil, and 42g / t of Z200 are added by weight of the ore pulp for copper-lead mixed flotation roughing. After four cleaning processes (cleaner 1, cleaner 2, cleaner 3, and cleaner 4), a copper-lead concentrate is obtained. 600g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning process (cleaner 2).

[0042] The copper-lead concentrate is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥ 90%. After grinding, the product is treated with CMC: 420g / t, Z200: 25g / t and No. 2 oil 8g / t for copper-lead separation roughing. Then, it is treated twice (fine 1-1 and fine 2-1) to obtain copper concentrate. CMC 85 g / t is added in the first fine cleaning (fine 1-1).

[0043] The tailings from the copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning processes are mixed and added to Z200 at 9 g / t for lead cleaning to obtain lead concentrate. The lead cleaning tailings are returned to the copper-lead separation roughing process.

[0044] The copper-lead mixed flotation process involves two scavenging operations (Scavenging 1 and Scavenging 2). In the first scavenging operation (Scavenging 1), 18 g / t of xanthate is added. The tailings from the scavenging are then treated with 8100 g / t of sulfuric acid, 90 g / t of xanthate, and 35 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing. This is followed by two more scavenging operations (Scavenging 1-1 and Scavenging 2-1). In the first scavenging operation (Scavenging 1-1), 22 g / t of xanthate is added, and in the second scavenging operation (Scavenging 2-1), 10 g / t of xanthate is added. The zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing and the concentrates from the two scavenging operations are mixed together and treated with 42 g / t of xanthate, 3200 g / t of lime, and 23 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur separation roughing. This is then treated with three cleaning operations (Cleansing 1-2, Cleansing 2-2, and Cleansing 3-2) to obtain zinc concentrate. In the first cleaning operation (Cleansing 1-2), 900 g / t of lime is added.

[0045] The zinc-sulfur separation flotation process involves two scavenging processes (scavenging 1-2 and scavenging 2-2). The scavenged concentrate is then returned to the previous process to finally obtain sulfur concentrate.

[0046] The low-grade lead-zinc copper ore had a copper grade of 0.54%, a lead grade of 1.27%, a zinc grade of 2.43%, and a sulfur grade of 20.52%. The resulting concentrate had a copper grade of 22.77%, a lead grade of 48.55%, a zinc grade of 43.02%, and a sulfur grade of 38.7%. The copper recovery rate was 82.24%, the lead recovery rate was 58.11%, the zinc recovery rate was 85.16%, and the sulfur recovery rate was 85.55%. The beneficiation results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1:

[0048]

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore is disclosed. The low-grade copper ore is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥ 78%. Then, 2800g / t of lime, 18g / t of No. 2 oil, and 45g / t of Z200 are added by weight of the ore pulp for copper-lead mixed flotation roughing. After four cleaning processes (cleaner 1, cleaner 2, cleaner 3, and cleaner 4), a copper-lead concentrate is obtained. 700g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning process (cleaner 2).

[0051] The copper-lead concentrate is ground to a fineness of -0.074mm ≥ 90%. After grinding, the product is treated with CMC: 460g / t, Z200: 28g / t and No. 2 oil 9g / t for copper-lead separation roughing. Then, it is treated with two fine cleaning processes (fine 1-1 and fine 2-1) to obtain copper concentrate. CMC: 90g / t is added in the first fine cleaning process (fine 1-1).

[0052] The tailings from the copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning processes are mixed and added to Z200 at 10 g / t for lead cleaning to obtain lead concentrate. The lead cleaning tailings are returned to the copper-lead separation roughing process.

[0053] The copper-lead mixed flotation process involves two scavenging operations (Scavenging 1 and Scavenging 2). In the first scavenging operation (Scavenging 1), 18 g / t of xanthate is added. The tailings from the scavenging are then treated with 8250 g / t of sulfuric acid, 95 g / t of xanthate, and 38 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing. This is followed by two more scavenging operations (Scavenging 1-1 and Scavenging 2-1). In the first scavenging operation (Scavenging 1-1), 25 g / t of xanthate is added, and in the second scavenging operation (Scavenging 2-1), 12 g / t of xanthate is added. The zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing and the concentrates from the two scavenging operations are mixed together and treated with 45 g / t of xanthate, 3300 g / t of lime, and 25 g / t of No. 2 oil for zinc-sulfur separation roughing. Finally, the mixture undergoes three cleaning operations (Cleansing 1-2, Cleansing 2-2, and Cleansing 3-2) to obtain zinc concentrate. In the first cleaning operation, 980 g / t of lime is added.

[0054] The zinc-sulfur separation flotation process involves two scavenging processes (scavenging 1-2 and scavenging 2-2). The scavenged concentrate is then returned to the previous process to finally obtain sulfur concentrate.

[0055] The low-grade lead-zinc copper ore had a copper grade of 0.61%, a lead grade of 1.35%, a zinc grade of 2.53%, and a sulfur grade of 20.46%. The final beneficiation concentrate yielded a copper grade of 24.04%, a lead grade of 48.16%, a zinc grade of 43.64%, and a sulfur grade of 39.11%. The copper recovery rate was 82.76%, the lead recovery rate was 61.81%, the zinc recovery rate was 88.90%, and the sulfur recovery rate was 86.23%. The beneficiation results are shown in Table 2.

[0056] Table 2:

[0057]

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A comprehensive beneficiation process for recovering copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore, characterized in that, The specific steps include: 1) After grinding, the low-grade copper ore is subjected to copper-lead mixed flotation. After roughing and four cleaning operations of copper-lead mixed flotation, copper-lead concentrate is obtained. Among them, lime, No. 2 oil and Z200 are added to the roughing of copper-lead mixed flotation, and lime is added in the second cleaning. 2) After grinding, copper-lead concentrate is subjected to copper-lead separation flotation. After copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning operations, copper concentrate is obtained. The tailings from copper-lead separation roughing and two cleaning operations are mixed for lead cleaning to obtain lead concentrate. The tailings from lead cleaning are returned to copper-lead separation roughing. CMC, Z200 and No. 2 oil are added to copper-lead separation roughing; CMC is added to the first cleaning and Z200 is added to lead cleaning. 3) The tailings from the copper-lead mixed flotation roughing process undergo two scavenging operations; xanthate is added in the first scavenging operation. 4) Step 3) The tailings are subjected to zinc-sulfur mixed flotation. After roughing and two scavenging operations, the zinc-sulfur mixed flotation rougher and the two scavenging concentrates are mixed together for zinc-sulfur separation flotation. Zinc concentrate is obtained after zinc-sulfur separation roughing and three cleaning operations. In the zinc-sulfur mixed flotation roughing, sulfuric acid, xanthate and No. 2 oil are added. Xanthate is added in both the first and second scavenging. Xanthate, lime and No. 2 oil are added in the zinc-sulfur separation roughing. Lime is added in the first cleaning. 5) The zinc-sulfur separation tailings are subjected to two scavenging operations to finally obtain sulfur concentrate.

2. The beneficiation process for comprehensive recovery of copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-grade copper ore is a complex copper ore with high sulfur content, with a sulfur content of ≥20% in the raw ore.

3. The beneficiation process for comprehensive recovery of copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding fineness of the low-grade copper ore is ≥75% -0.074mm.

4. The beneficiation process for comprehensive recovery of copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc from low-grade, high-sulfur copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding fineness of the copper-lead concentrate is ≥90% -0.074mm.

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