Underground protective structure and method suitable for earthquake-induced large deformation of soil body

Abstract

The application discloses an underground protection structure and method suitable for earthquake-induced large deformation of soil, which comprises a protection layer, an arc-shaped lining, an expansion joint, a protection cover, a rotating shaft, a first movable plate and a second movable plate. Under the action of an earthquake, the expansion joint is shaken to make the first movable plate reciprocate in the vertical and horizontal directions synchronously to share the collapsed soil, and a connecting assembly is used for the movable connection of the ends of the first movable plate and the second movable plate. When an earthquake occurs, the arc-shaped lining is shaken to make the sleeve rod and the sleeve do expansion and contraction simultaneously, and the arc-shaped lining rotates at a certain angle along the protection cover, so that the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are movable. The amplitude of the first movable plate in the horizontal and vertical directions is large, so that the soil is uniformly dispersed to the surroundings, and the dispersed soil is dispersed by the arc-shaped lining which is shaken, the large deformation of the soil reduces the influence on the arc-shaped lining, the position of the arc-shaped lining is fixed, and the arc-shaped lining is broken under the action of the earthquake and the aftershocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground protective structure technology, specifically to underground protective structures and methods applicable to earthquake-induced large soil deformation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the transportation industry has developed rapidly, with large-scale and fast-growing underground engineering construction. However, it also faces a severe safety situation. This is because the construction of underground engineering started later than that of above-ground structures and has not yet been tested by major earthquakes. As a result, people have long believed that underground structures have strong seismic resistance, which has restricted the development of their seismic response mechanisms. In particular, underground engineering located in seismically active zones can only operate safely if it can withstand large deformations of the surrounding soil. Therefore, research on the interaction between earthquake-induced large deformation soil and underground structures has a clear national demand background and is of great practical significance for the seismic design of underground engineering construction in my country.

[0003] Existing underground protective structures suitable for earthquakes generally involve installing an arc-shaped lining underground and reinforcing it with I-beams and soil anchors to achieve protection while forming a passage for people in need. However, this method is not suitable for soils that deform significantly during earthquakes. Due to the large deformation of the soil, the soil at the collapse site exerts concentrated pressure on the arc-shaped lining, causing localized pressure concentration on the lining. This can easily damage the fixed arc-shaped lining, thereby blocking the passage formed by the lining and creating a safety hazard for personnel.

[0004] Therefore, we propose underground protective structures and methods suitable for earthquake-induced large soil deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide underground protective structures and methods suitable for earthquake-induced large soil deformation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an underground protective structure suitable for earthquake-induced large soil deformation, comprising a protective layer at the underground excavated soil channel, the protective layer having multiple arc-shaped inner linings that are movably fitted within the protective layer, expansion joints movably connected to the outer surface of the arc-shaped inner linings, a protective cover movably fitted to the expansion joints on the inner wall of the protective layer, each expansion joint being rotatably connected to a pivot, and a first movable plate and a second movable plate respectively hinged to the two pivots; a clearing component, which, under earthquake action, shakes the expansion joints, causing the first movable plate to reciprocate synchronously in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil; and a connecting component, which is used for the movable connection of the ends of the first movable plate and the second movable plate.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic component includes a sleeve rod that is movably connected to the arc-shaped liner via a movably embedded connecting ball. A sleeve is fitted on the sleeve rod to press against the protective cover. A compression spring is press-fitted between the sleeve and the sleeve rod. Two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the sleeve rod and the sleeve, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the unblocking component includes a sliding column fixedly connected to the sleeve rod, a closed circular groove is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, the sliding column slides in the circular groove, two first movable plates are hinged together, two second movable plates are hinged together, a pressure plate is placed on the protective layer, an elastic steel mesh is provided between the two pressure plates, and multiple elastic elements are hung between the pressure plate and the arc-shaped inner lining.

[0009] Preferably, a movable plate is provided above the arc-shaped inner liner, the two ends of the movable plate are L-shaped and move in conjunction with the arc-shaped inner liner, and the protective cover is connected and fixed to the movable plate by an elastic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a rotating sleeve with a movable groove in the middle. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the rotating sleeve, and a connecting rod passes through between the two rotating rods. A hinge plate is hinged to the end of the second movable plate. The hinge plate passes through the movable groove and is rotatably connected to the rotating rod. A sliding groove is provided on the rotating sleeve, and a sliding plate that is hinged to the first movable plate is slidably fitted inside the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, a flexible protective sleeve is fitted on the outer surface of the connecting rod, and the first movable plate and the second movable plate pass through the flexible protective sleeve to prevent soil from entering and affecting the operation of the internal structure of the flexible protective sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure ball is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve, and the protective cover has a U-shaped cross-section to ensure that the pressure ball is always pressed against the inside of the protective cover and will not come off.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of soil dispersion plates are fixedly connected to the first movable plate to further enhance the soil dispersion effect of the first movable plate.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the arc-shaped inner lining is provided with a protective plate that presses against the side of the pressure plate to prevent soil from entering the arc-shaped inner lining.

[0015] A protective method for underground protective structures subjected to earthquake-induced large soil deformation further includes the following steps: S1. When an earthquake occurs, under the action of the elastic element, the arc-shaped inner lining continuously shakes, thereby causing the sleeve rod and the sleeve to rotate and perform telescopic movements. The movable plate shakes along the arc-shaped inner lining, thereby causing the protective cover to shake and increasing the range of motion of the sleeve rod and the sleeve. S2. The sleeve and the sleeve rod rotate relative to each other, thereby causing the first movable plate and the second movable plate to rotate. S3. The first movable plate and the second movable plate move synchronously in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil. The first movable plate and the second movable plate evenly distribute the soil around the perimeter. At the same time, the shaking arc-shaped inner lining further distributes the soil evenly, reducing the impact of large soil deformation on the arc-shaped inner lining and preventing the arc-shaped inner lining from becoming fixed in position and breaking under the continuous aftershocks of the earthquake.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. During an earthquake, the arc-shaped inner liner sways under the action of the elastic element. Under the action of the compression spring, the sleeve and the pressure ball press against the protective cover and move along the periphery of the protective cover. This causes the sleeve rod and sleeve to extend and retract in coordination while rotating at a certain angle, thereby causing the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate to move. The first rotating plate has a large range of motion in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thus ensuring that the soil is evenly distributed around the perimeter. At the same time, the swaying arc-shaped inner liner helps to distribute the soil evenly, further reducing the impact of large soil deformation on the arc-shaped inner liner and preventing the arc-shaped inner liner from becoming fixed in position and breaking under the action of continuous aftershocks.

[0018] 2. When the sleeve rod and sleeve move in extension and retraction, the sleeve rotates relative to the sleeve rod under the action of the sliding column and the closed circular groove, which further increases the range of motion of the first moving plate and enhances the effect of uniformly dispersing the soil.

[0019] 3. The swaying of the arc-shaped inner lining causes the movable plate to sway synchronously. Under the action of the soil, the end of the movable plate slides along the arc-shaped inner lining, thereby causing the protective cover to move relative to the arc-shaped inner lining. This further reacts to the sleeve and sleeve rod, making the movement range of the first and second movable plates greater. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single section of the protective layer and arc-shaped inner liner of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the protective layer and the arc-shaped inner liner of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the arc-shaped inner lining of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the arc-shaped inner liner and the movable plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the first movable plate and the second movable plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly structure of the first and second movable plates of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the protective cover and sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the sleeve and the bushing of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve and bushing of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the rotating sleeve and rotating rod of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the further breakdown of the middle structure.

[0033] In the diagram: 1-protective layer; 2-arc-shaped inner lining; 3-protective cover; 4-rotating shaft; 5-first movable plate; 6-second movable plate; 7-sleeve rod; 8-sleeve; 9-compression spring; 10-sliding column; 11-circular groove; 12-pressure plate; 13-elastic steel mesh; 14-elastic element; 15-moving plate; 16-rotating sleeve; 17-moving groove; 18-rotating rod; 19-connecting rod; 20-hinge plate; 21-sliding groove; 22-sliding plate; 23-flexible protective sleeve; 24-pressure ball; 25-dispersion plate; 26-protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see Figures 1-13 This invention provides a technical solution: an underground protective structure suitable for earthquake-induced large soil deformation, comprising a protective layer 1 at the underground excavated soil channel, multiple arc-shaped inner linings 2 inside the protective layer 1, the arc-shaped inner linings 2 being movably fitted within the protective layer 1, expansion joints being movably connected to the outer surface of the arc-shaped inner linings 2, a protective cover 3 on the inner wall of the protective layer 1 that movably fits with the expansion joints, a rotating shaft 4 rotatably connected to each of the expansion joints, and a first movable plate 5 and a second movable plate 6 respectively hinged to the two rotating shafts 4; a clearing component, which shakes the expansion joints under earthquake action, causing the first movable plate 5 to reciprocate synchronously in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil; and a connecting component, which is used for the movable connection of the ends of the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6.

[0037] The telescopic component includes a sleeve rod 7 that is movably connected to the arc-shaped inner liner 2 via a movably embedded connecting ball. A sleeve tube 8 is fitted on the sleeve rod 7 and presses against the protective cover 3. A compression spring 9 presses against the sleeve tube 8 and the sleeve rod 7. Two rotating shafts 4 are rotatably connected to the sleeve rod 7 and the sleeve tube 8, respectively.

[0038] The unblocking component includes a sliding column 10 fixedly connected to the sleeve rod 7. A closed circular groove 11 is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve 8. The sliding column 10 slides in the circular groove 11. Two first movable plates 5 are hinged together, and two second movable plates 6 are hinged together. A pressure plate 12 is placed on the protective layer 1. An elastic steel mesh 13 is provided between the two pressure plates 12. In this scheme, the elastic steel mesh 13 has a high density, and a small movable bottom plate can be laid on the top to facilitate the bottom plate to move adaptively when the elastic steel mesh 13 bends, so as to facilitate the passage of personnel. Multiple elastic elements 14 are hung between the pressure plate 12 and the arc-shaped inner lining 2.

[0039] The connecting assembly includes a rotating sleeve 16, a movable groove 17 in the middle of the rotating sleeve 16, a rotating rod 18 rotatably connected inside the rotating sleeve 16, a connecting rod 19 passing through between the two rotating rods 18, a hinge plate 20 hinged to the end of the second movable plate 6, the hinge plate 20 passing through the movable groove 17 and rotatably connected to the rotating rod 18, a sliding groove 21 on the rotating sleeve 16, and a sliding plate 22 hinged to the first movable plate 5 slidingly engaged in the sliding groove 21.

[0040] It is worth noting that: the outer surface of the connecting rod 19 is fitted with a flexible protective sleeve 23 in a relaxed state. The first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6 are inserted into the flexible protective sleeve 23. When the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6 move, the relaxed and elastic flexible protective sleeve 23 is pulled to ensure that soil is prevented from entering it and causing the device to jam, without affecting the operation of the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6. The top of the sleeve 8 is fixedly connected with a pressure ball 24, and the protective cover 3 has a U-shaped cross-section.

[0041] Among them, the first movable plate 5 is fixedly connected with multiple soil dispersion plates 25, which helps to further disperse the soil. The bottom of the arc-shaped inner lining 2 is provided with a protective plate 26 that is in contact with the side of the pressure plate 12 to prevent soil from entering the arc-shaped inner lining 2 from the bottom.

[0042] In this embodiment, during an earthquake, under the action of the elastic element 14, the arc-shaped inner liner 2 shakes. Under the action of the compression spring 9, the sleeve and the pressure ball 24 press against the protective cover 3 and move along the periphery of the protective cover 3, so that the sleeve rod 7 and the sleeve can extend and retract in coordination, while rotating at a certain angle, so that the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate can move. The first moving plate 5 has a large range of motion in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby ensuring that the soil is evenly distributed around. At the same time, the shaking arc-shaped inner liner 2 acts to disperse the soil, further making the collapsed soil more uniform, reducing the impact of large soil deformation on the arc-shaped inner liner 2, and preventing the arc-shaped inner liner 2 from being fixed in position and breaking under the action of continuous aftershocks of the earthquake.

[0043] When the first movable plate 5 moves, it drives the rotating sleeve 16 to rotate and move along the direction of the connecting rod 19. The first movable plate 5 moves on the rotating sleeve 16 through the sliding plate 22 and the sliding groove 21. When the second movable plate 6 moves, it drives the rotating rod 18 to move along the direction of the connecting rod 19.

[0044] When the sleeve rod 7 and sleeve 8 are in telescopic movement, under the action of the sliding column 10 and the closed circular groove 11, the sleeve 8 rotates relative to the sleeve rod 7, further increasing the range of motion of the first movable plate 5 and enhancing the effect of uniformly dispersing the soil.

[0045] Among them, protective shields can be installed at the top of the two adjacent arc-shaped inner lining sections 2. The protective shields can be connected to the two arc-shaped inner lining sections 2 through elastic elements, or they can be connected to the protective layer. This ensures that the movement of the arc-shaped inner lining sections 2 is not affected, while at the same time preventing soil from entering from the two arc-shaped inner lining sections 2.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A movable plate 15 is provided above the arc-shaped inner liner 2. The two ends of the movable plate 15 are L-shaped and move in conjunction with the arc-shaped inner liner 2. The protective cover 3 is connected and fixed to the movable plate 15 by an elastic rod.

[0048] In this embodiment, during an earthquake, the arc-shaped inner lining 2 shakes, causing the movable plate 15 to shake synchronously. Under the action of the soil, the end of the movable plate 15 slides along the arc-shaped inner lining 2, thereby causing the protective cover 3 to move relative to the arc-shaped inner lining 2, further reacting the sleeve 8 and the sleeve rod 7, making the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6 move more.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The protective method for underground protective structures that are suitable for earthquake-induced large soil deformation also includes the following steps;

[0051] S1. When an earthquake occurs, under the action of the elastic element 14, the arc-shaped inner liner 2 will continue to shake, thereby causing the sleeve rod 7 and the sleeve 8 to rotate and perform telescopic movements. The movable plate 15 shakes along the arc-shaped inner liner 2, thereby causing the protective cover 3 to shake and increasing the range of motion of the sleeve rod 7 and the sleeve 8.

[0052] S2, sleeve 8 and sleeve rod 7 rotate relative to each other, thereby causing rotation between the first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6;

[0053] S3. The first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6 move back and forth synchronously in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil. The first movable plate 5 and the second movable plate 6 make the soil evenly distributed around the perimeter. At the same time, the shaking arc-shaped inner lining 2 further evens out the collapsed soil, reduces the impact of large soil deformation on the arc-shaped inner lining 2, and prevents the arc-shaped inner lining 2 from becoming fixed in position and breaking under the continuous aftershocks of the earthquake.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Underground protective structure suitable for the seismic triggering of large deformations of the soil, characterized by the fact that: include: A protective layer (1) is provided at the underground tunnel. The protective layer (1) is provided with multiple arc-shaped inner linings (2). The arc-shaped inner linings (2) are movable within the protective layer (1). The outer surface of the arc-shaped inner linings (2) is movably connected to a telescopic component. The inner wall of the protective layer (1) is provided with a protective cover (3) that is movable with the telescopic component. Each telescopic component is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (4). The two rotating shafts (4) are respectively hinged to a first movable plate (5) and a second movable plate (6). The dredging component shakes the telescopic member under the action of an earthquake, so that the first movable plate (5) moves back and forth in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil. A connecting component for movably connecting the ends of the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (6); The telescopic component includes a sleeve rod (7) that is movably connected to the arc-shaped inner liner (2) via a movably embedded connecting ball. A sleeve tube (8) that presses against the protective cover (3) is sleeved on the sleeve rod (7). A compression spring (9) presses against the sleeve tube (8) and the sleeve rod (7). Two rotating shafts (4) are rotatably connected to the sleeve rod (7) and the sleeve tube (8) respectively. The unblocking assembly includes a sliding column (10) that is fixedly connected to the sleeve rod (7). A closed circular groove (11) is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (8). The sliding column (10) slides in the circular groove (11). The two first movable plates (5) are hinged together, and the two second movable plates (6) are hinged together. A pressure plate (12) is placed on the protective layer (1). An elastic steel mesh (13) is provided between the two pressure plates (12). Multiple elastic elements (14) are hung between the pressure plate (12) and the arc-shaped inner lining (2). The arc-shaped inner lining (2) is provided with a movable plate (15) above it. The two ends of the movable plate (15) are L-shaped and move in conjunction with the arc-shaped inner lining (2). The protective cover (3) is connected and fixed to the movable plate (15) through an elastic rod. The connecting assembly includes a rotating sleeve (16), a movable groove (17) is provided in the middle of the rotating sleeve (16), a rotating rod (18) is rotatably connected inside the rotating sleeve (16), a connecting rod (19) is provided between the two rotating rods (18), a hinge plate (20) is hinged to the end of the second movable plate (6), the hinge plate (20) passes through the movable groove (17) and is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (18), a sliding groove (21) is provided on the rotating sleeve (16), and a sliding plate (22) that is hinged to the first movable plate (5) is slidably fitted inside the sliding groove (21). The top of the sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to a pressure ball (24), and the protective cover (3) has a U-shaped cross-section.

2. Underground protective structure suitable for seismic-induced large deformations of the soil mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the connecting rod (19) is fitted with a flexible protective sleeve (23), and the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (6) are inserted into the flexible protective sleeve (23).

3. The underground protective structure for earthquake-induced large soil deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple soil dispersion plates (25) are fixedly connected to the first movable plate (5).

4. The underground protective structure for earthquake-induced large soil deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the arc-shaped inner lining (2) is provided with a protective plate (26) that presses against the side of the pressure plate (12).

5. A protective method for underground protective structures subjected to large soil deformation induced by earthquakes, characterized in that, The underground protective structure applicable to earthquake-induced large soil deformation, as described in any one of claims 1-4, includes the following specific protective methods: S1. When an earthquake occurs, under the action of the elastic element (14), the arc-shaped inner liner (2) will continue to shake, thereby causing the sleeve rod (7) and the sleeve (8) to rotate and perform telescopic movements. The movable plate (15) shakes along the arc-shaped inner liner (2), thereby causing the protective cover (3) to shake and increasing the range of motion of the sleeve rod (7) and the sleeve (8). S2, the sleeve (8) and the sleeve rod (7) rotate relative to each other, thereby causing the first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (6) to rotate; S3. The first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (6) move back and forth synchronously in the vertical and horizontal directions to distribute the collapsed soil. The first movable plate (5) and the second movable plate (6) make the soil evenly dispersed around, and at the same time, the shaking arc-shaped inner lining (2) further makes the collapsed soil even, reduces the impact of large deformation of the soil on the arc-shaped inner lining (2), and avoids the arc-shaped inner lining (2) from being fixed in position and breaking under the continuous aftershock of the earthquake.

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