A sediment suction device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, and provides a sediment suction device, which comprises a sediment suction assembly, a thickness detection assembly and a processor. The sediment suction assembly comprises a sediment suction cylinder and a driving piece. One end of the sediment suction cylinder is provided with a sediment outlet, and the driving piece is used for driving the sediment to flow to the sediment outlet. The thickness detection assembly comprises a reference pressure rod, a detection pressure rod and a pressure measuring piece. The reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod are both slidably arranged on one side of the sediment suction cylinder. One end of the reference pressure rod is connected with a first driving source used for driving the reference pressure rod to slide, one end of the detection pressure rod is connected with a second driving source used for driving the detection pressure rod to slide, and the pressure measuring piece is used for detecting the pressure borne by the end portions of the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod. The processor is electrically connected with the first driving source, the second driving source and the pressure measuring piece. The processor is used for recording the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod and the information detected by the pressure measuring piece. The application reduces the influence of sediment thickness measurement work on the sediment cleaning efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, and in particular to a sediment suction device. Background Technology

[0002] Cast-in-place piles are piles made by forming pile holes in the foundation soil through mechanical drilling, steel pipe extrusion, or manual excavation on the engineering site, and then placing a steel cage in the hole and pouring concrete into it.

[0003] In cast-in-place pile construction, drilling the grouting hole is fundamental to building the pile. The thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is one of the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of the cast-in-place pile. If the sediment at the bottom of the grouting hole is too thick, it will affect the quality and strength of the poured concrete. Furthermore, it will create an interlayer between the bottom of the hole and the bottom of the pile, weakening the foundation's bearing capacity and rock-embedded effect. This also makes it easier for water to seep into the pile bottom, generating buoyancy and affecting the stability of the cast-in-place pile.

[0004] In the process of removing sediment from injection holes using related technologies, after the sediment removal is completed, the slag suction cylinder is removed, and then a measuring device is lowered into the hole to measure the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the injection hole to determine whether the cleaning is qualified. If it is not qualified, the measuring device must be removed from the hole, and the slag suction cylinder must be inserted into the injection hole again for cleaning. This method of operation requires multiple insertions and removals of the slag suction cylinder and measuring device from the injection hole. Although it ensures the quality of sediment removal, it reduces the efficiency of sediment removal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the impact of sediment thickness measurement on sediment removal efficiency, this application provides a sediment suction device.

[0006] This application provides a sediment suction device, which adopts the following technical solution: include: A slag extraction assembly, comprising a slag extraction cylinder and a driving component, wherein one end of the slag extraction cylinder is provided with a slag outlet, and the driving component is used to drive the slag to flow toward the slag outlet. A thickness detection assembly includes a reference pressure bar, a detection pressure bar box, and a pressure measuring element. Both the reference pressure bar and the detection pressure bar are slidably disposed on one side of the slag extraction cylinder. One end of the reference pressure bar is connected to a first driving source for driving its own sliding, and one end of the detection pressure bar is connected to a second driving source for driving its own sliding. The pressure measuring element is used to detect the pressure on the ends of the reference pressure bar and the detection pressure bar. The processor is electrically connected to the first driving source, the second driving source, and the pressure measuring device. The processor is used to record the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod, and to record the information detected by the pressure measuring device.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, after the slag suction cylinder is moved to the bottom of the injection hole, the first drive source is activated to drive the reference pressure rod to slide vertically downward, allowing the reference pressure rod to pass through the slag layer. The processor records the displacement value of the reference pressure rod. Subsequently, the drive component drives the slag in the injection hole to flow towards the slag outlet, thereby removing the slag from the bottom of the hole. After the slag suction is completed, the second drive source drives the detection pressure rod downward to the surface of the remaining slag. The processor records the displacement value of the detection pressure rod and processes the two recorded values ​​to obtain the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod. The displacement difference is the thickness of the slag at the bottom of the injection hole after the slag suction treatment. The displacement difference is compared with the standard value to determine whether the slag cleaning is qualified. If the slag cleaning is qualified, the slag suction cylinder can be removed from the injection hole; if the slag cleaning is unqualified, the slag cleaning continues, eliminating the need to repeatedly insert or remove the slag suction cylinder from the injection hole. This ensures the quality of slag cleaning while effectively improving the efficiency of slag cleaning.

[0008] The pressure measuring device detects the pressure applied to the ends of the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod, and determines their positions within the bottom of the hole based on the magnitude of the pressure.

[0009] Optionally, the driving component includes an air compressor, which is connected to a gas pipe, and the gas pipe is connected to the slag suction cylinder.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas flow pipe is connected to the slag extraction cylinder. After the air compressor transports high-pressure gas to the gas flow pipe, the high-pressure gas enters the slag extraction cylinder along the gas flow pipe. The high-pressure gas and the mud in the hole form a gas-slurry mixture. With the large amount of high-pressure gas injected, a negative pressure is formed in the slag extraction cylinder, and the mud outside the slag extraction cylinder is poured into the shaft slag extraction cylinder. At the same time, the high-pressure gas forms a large number of bubbles in the slag extraction cylinder. The gas-slurry mixture in the slag extraction cylinder rises rapidly under the lifting effect of the bubbles and is discharged from the slag extraction cylinder through the slag outlet at one end of the slag extraction cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, the slag suction cylinder is provided with a protective sleeve, a slag-carrying mesh plate is provided inside the protective sleeve, a filter screen is covered on the slag-carrying mesh plate, and a slag collection cavity is formed between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the filter screen. The slag collection chamber is connected to a slag guide pipe, and one end of the slag guide pipe is connected to the slag outlet.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the slag suction cylinder is inserted into the bottom of the injection hole, the outer wall of the protective sleeve abuts against the hole wall, making it less likely to disturb the hole wall during slag suction and reducing damage to the mud skin on the hole wall; the slag guide pipe is connected to the slag outlet, and when the slag floats to the slag outlet, it enters the slag collection chamber along the slag guide pipe, and the mud overflowing from the slag outlet also enters the slag collection chamber; the filter screen filters the mud, so that the slag is retained in the slag collection chamber, and the slag-carrying mesh plate is set to support the slag; the mud flows back into the injection hole after passing through the filter screen, so as to reduce the change of water level in the injection hole and prevent collapse in the hole.

[0013] Optionally, a slag box is connected to the slag outlet, and a flow guide hood is provided inside the slag box. The flow guide hood gradually narrows in the direction away from the slag outlet, and the slag guide pipe is connected to the slag box.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag outlet is connected to the slag box. The slag that moves to the slag outlet moves into the slag box. The slag guide pipe is connected to the slag outlet through the slag box. The mud with slag moves to the bottom of the slag box under the action of the guide hood and flows into the slag guide pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the protective sleeve is provided with an adjusting plate assembly, the adjusting plate assembly including a plurality of adjusting plates slidably connected to the outer wall of the protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve is provided with a locking member for locking the adjusting plates.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to clean slag from injection holes of different diameters, each adjusting plate in the sliding adjusting plate group is slidable, and the position of the adjusting plate is locked by the locking component, so that the adjusting plate can abut against the hole wall and continue to protect the hole wall, thereby improving the applicability of the protective sleeve.

[0017] Optionally, the outer wall of the protective sleeve is provided with guide rods that correspond one-to-one with the adjusting plate, and one end of the guide rod is threaded to the outer wall of the protective sleeve; One end of the guide rod passes through the adjusting plate and is connected to a limit block. The locking component includes a locking ring threaded onto the guide rod, and the locking ring and the limit block are located on opposite sides of the adjusting plate.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting plate slides on one side of the protective sleeve through the guide rod. One end of the guide rod is threaded to the outer wall of the protective sleeve. Rotating the guide rod can adjust the length of the guide rod extending out of the protective sleeve. Then, the adjusting plate is slid so that it abuts against the limiting block at the end of the guide rod. Then, the locking ring is rotated so that the adjusting plate is clamped between the limiting block, thereby changing the position of the adjusting plate.

[0019] Optionally, a telescopic support rod is also fixed inside the protective sleeve. The telescopic support rod includes an outer cylinder and an inner rod that is slidably disposed inside the outer cylinder. One end of the inner rod extends through the inner wall of the protective sleeve and is connected to the adjusting plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the inner rod of the telescopic rod is connected to the adjusting plate. When the adjusting plate slides along the guide rod relative to the protective sleeve, the telescopic rod can extend and retract with the sliding of the adjusting plate. The telescopic rod improves the connection strength between the adjusting plate and the protective sleeve.

[0021] Optionally, an elastic extension piece is provided between two adjacent adjustment plates.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, an elastic extension plate is set between two adjacent adjustment plates. When it is necessary to clean the slag in the injection hole with a larger diameter, the adjustment plate needs to move away from the protective sleeve, so that there is a gap between the adjacent adjustment plates. The elastic extension plate covers the gap between the adjacent adjustment plates, thereby protecting the hole wall at the gap.

[0023] Optionally, it may also include a lifting mechanism, which includes a boom, one end of which is connected to the scum box.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting rod in the lifting mechanism is connected to the scum box. When the lifting mechanism lifts the scum box into or out of the injection hole, the scum suction cylinder is lifted into or out of the injection hole along with the scum box.

[0025] Optionally, one end of the protective sleeve is provided with a piercing claw, and several piercing claws are arranged at intervals around the axis of the protective sleeve.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, after the protective sleeve is hoisted to the bottom of the hole, the piercing claws on the protective sleeve facilitate the protective sleeve to pass through the sediment layer and insert into the soil layer at the bottom of the hole.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. In this application, a thickness detection component is provided on one side of the slag suction cylinder. The processor records the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod and the detection pressure rod in the side thickness component, so that the operator can judge the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole. If the slag removal is qualified, the slag suction cylinder can be taken out from the injection hole. If the slag removal is not qualified, the slag removal continues, without having to insert or lift the slag suction cylinder into or out of the injection hole multiple times. 2. In this application, a protective sleeve is provided outside the slag suction cylinder. After the slag suction cylinder is inserted into the bottom of the injection hole, the outer wall of the protective sleeve abuts against the hole wall of the injection hole, so that the hole wall is not easily disturbed during slag suction, thereby reducing the damage to the mud film on the hole wall. 3. In this application, an adjusting plate group is provided outside the protective sleeve. When it is necessary to clean the slag in the injection holes of different diameters, the adjusting plates in the adjusting plate group are slid and the positions of the adjusting plates are locked by the locking device. The size of the protective sleeve is changed by adjusting the plate group to improve the applicability of the protective sleeve. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sediment suction device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yesFigure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective sleeve according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Slag suction assembly; 11. Slag suction cylinder; 111. Slag outlet; 12. Air compressor; 121. Gas pipe; 2. Thickness detection assembly; 21. Reference pressure bar; 22. Detection pressure bar; 23. First drive source; 24. Second drive source; 3. Pressure measuring component; 31. First pressure sensor; 32. Second pressure sensor; 4. Processor; 5. Protective sleeve; 51. Slag-carrying mesh plate; 511. Filter screen; 52. Slag collection chamber; 53. Slag guide pipe; 54. Adjusting plate; 541. Receiving tank; 55. Guide rod; 551. Limiting block; 56. Locking ring; 57. Elastic extension sheet; 58. Piercing claw; 6. Scum box; 61. Flow guide hood; 7. Telescopic support rod; 71. Outer cylinder; 72. Inner rod; 8. Lifting mechanism; 81. Lifting machine body; 82. Lifting rod; 821. Splicing rod; 83. Lifting rope. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a sediment suction device.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sludge suction device includes a lifting mechanism 8, a sludge suction assembly 1 mounted on the lifting mechanism 8, and a processor 4. The lifting mechanism 8 includes a lifting body 81 and a lifting rope 83 that retracts from the lifting body 81. One end of the lifting rope 83 is connected to a lifting rod 82. The sludge suction assembly 1 includes a sludge suction cylinder 11 and a driving component. A scum box 6 is fixed to the top of the sludge suction cylinder 11. A sludge outlet 111 is opened at one end of the sludge suction cylinder 11, and the end of the sludge suction cylinder 11 with the sludge outlet 111 extends into the scum box 6. A flow guide 61 is fixed inside the scum box 6. The cross-section of the flow guide 61 gradually narrows away from the sludge outlet 111. In this embodiment, the flow guide 61 is specifically configured as a conical cylinder.

[0033] One end of the lifting rod 82 is fixedly connected to one end of the scum box 6. When the lifting rod 82 moves vertically, driving the scum box 6 to move, the scum extraction cylinder 11 moves together with the scum box 6, allowing the lifting mechanism 8 to extend the scum extraction cylinder 11 into or out of the injection hole (not shown in the figure). The lifting rod 82 includes several detachably connected splicing rods 821, and the length and weight of the lifting rod 82 can be controlled by setting the number of splicing rods 821 according to specific needs.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The driving component is specifically set as an air compressor 12, which is fixed on the hoist body 81. The output end of the air compressor 12 is connected to a gas pipe 121, and the end of the gas pipe 121 away from the air compressor 12 is connected to the bottom section of the slag suction cylinder 11. After the slag suction cylinder 11 is hoisted to the bottom of the injection hole, the air compressor 12 is started to transport a large amount of high-pressure air to the bottom of the injection hole; the gas and the mud in the slag suction cylinder 11 form a gas-slurry mixture, forming a large number of bubbles in the mud. The gas-slurry mixture in the slag suction cylinder 11 rises rapidly with the bubbles, and the slag rises with the gas-slurry mixture in the slag suction cylinder 11, and finally is discharged into the slag box 6 through the slag outlet 111 at one end of the slag suction cylinder 11.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A thickness detection component 2 is provided at the bottom of the slag suction cylinder 11. The thickness detection component 2 includes a reference pressure rod 21 and a detection pressure rod 22 slidably disposed on one side of the slag suction cylinder 11. The reference pressure rod 21 and the detection pressure rod 22 are respectively located on both sides of the slag suction cylinder 11. A first drive source 23 and a second drive source 24 are fixed on the slag suction cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the first drive source 23 and the second drive source 24 are respectively configured as a first cylinder and a second cylinder, and the output rod of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the reference pressure rod 21, and the output rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the detection pressure rod 22.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The thickness detection component 2 is also equipped with a pressure measuring component 3, which includes a first pressure sensor 31 and a second pressure sensor 32. The first pressure sensor 31 is fixed to the bottom end of the reference pressure rod 21, and the second pressure sensor 32 is fixed to the bottom end of the detection pressure rod 22. The first cylinder, the second cylinder, the first pressure sensor 31, and the second pressure sensor 32 are all electrically connected to the processor 4.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 After the slag suction cylinder 11 is inserted into the bottom of the injection hole, the first cylinder is activated to drive the reference pressure rod 21 to slide vertically downwards. The processor 4 converts the pressure signal detected by the first pressure sensor 31 into a numerical signal and records it, while also recording the extension amount of the first cylinder. During the descent of the reference pressure rod 21, the resistance it experiences at different depths within the injection hole varies. When the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 recorded by the processor 4 experiences its first sudden change, it indicates that the reference pressure rod 21 is passing through the slag layer. When the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 recorded by the processor 4 experiences its second sudden change, it indicates that the reference pressure rod 21 has passed through the slag layer and is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the hole. The extension amount of the first cylinder after the reference pressure rod 21 passes through the slag layer is recorded as H.

[0038] Subsequently, the air compressor 12 is started, driving the sediment at the bottom of the injection hole into the scum box 6 through the scum outlet 111. After the scum removal is completed, the second cylinder drives the detection rod 22 downward. When the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 recorded by the processor 4 undergoes its first sudden change, it indicates that the reference rod 21 has come into contact with the sediment layer. The extension amount of the second cylinder at this time is recorded as h. The processor 4 subtracts h from H to obtain the displacement difference between the reference rod 21 and the detection rod 22. The obtained displacement difference is the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the injection hole after scum removal. By comparing the displacement difference with the standard value, it can be determined whether the scum removal is qualified.

[0039] The degree of slag removal can be detected during the slag removal process, without having to repeatedly insert or remove the slag removal cylinder 11 into the injection hole.

[0040] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 To reduce disturbance to the grouting hole wall during slag removal and minimize the possibility of grouting hole collapse, a protective sleeve 5 is fitted and fixed around the slag-collecting cylinder 11. The end of the protective sleeve 5 furthest from the reference pressure rod 21 is closed. A slag-carrying mesh plate 51 is installed on the side of the protective sleeve 5 closest to the slag box 6. The slag-carrying mesh plate 51 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective sleeve 5, and the slag-collecting cylinder 11 passes through the slag-carrying mesh plate 51. A filter screen 511 is covered on the slag-carrying mesh plate 51. The number of filter screens 511 can be set as needed; in this embodiment, one layer of filter screens 511 is provided. A slag-collecting cavity 52 is formed between the inner wall of the protective sleeve 5 and the filter screen 511. The slag-collecting cavity 52 is connected to a slag-guiding pipe 53. The end of the slag-guiding pipe 53 furthest from the protective sleeve 5 is connected to the bottom of the slag box 6. In this embodiment, two slag-guiding pipes 53 are specifically provided. The mud and slag flowing into the slag box 6 enter the slag collection chamber 52 along the slag guide pipe 53. After being filtered by the filter screen 511, the slag is retained in the slag collection chamber 52, while the mud flows back into the injection hole after passing through the filter screen 511, so as to reduce the change of water level in the injection hole during the slag cleaning operation and prevent collapse in the injection hole.

[0041] refer to Figure 4 An adjusting plate assembly is also provided on the outer wall of the protective sleeve 5. The adjusting plate assembly includes several arc-shaped adjusting plates 54 arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the protective sleeve 5. In this embodiment, four adjusting plates 54 are specifically provided. An elastic extension piece 57 is connected between adjacent adjusting plates 54. When the adjusting plate 54 contacts the protective sleeve 5, the elastic extension piece 57 is in a folded state. In use, the outer wall of the adjusting plate 54 abuts against the hole wall of the slag extraction section to reduce the disturbance to the hole wall caused during slag extraction.

[0042] refer to Figure 4The protective sleeve 5 is equipped with guide rods 55 corresponding to the adjusting plate 54. The guide rods 55 are located at the end of the protective sleeve 5 near the slag guide pipe 53. One end of the guide rod 55 passes through the outer wall of the protective sleeve 5 and is threaded to the side wall of the protective sleeve 5. The other end of the guide rod 55 passes through the adjusting plate 54 and is fixed with a limit block 551. The adjusting plate 54 has a receiving groove 541, and the limit block 551 can rotate within the receiving groove 541. A telescopic support rod 7 is provided below each guide rod 55. Both the guide rods 55 and the telescopic support rod 7 are perpendicular to the axis of the protective sleeve 5. The telescopic support rod 7 includes an outer cylinder 71 and an inner rod 72 that is slidably disposed in the outer cylinder 71. The outer cylinder 71 is located inside the protective sleeve 5 and is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the protective sleeve 5. The inner rod 72 passes through the inner side wall of the protective sleeve 5 and is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 54.

[0043] In other embodiments, the number and position of the telescopic struts 7 can be set as needed.

[0044] refer to Figure 4 Twisting the limiting block 551 drives the guide rod 55 to slide into or out of the protective sleeve 5. After the guide rod 55 slides, the adjusting plate 54 slides, causing the adjusting plate 54 to abut against the limiting block 551. The guide rod 55 is also equipped with a locking element, including a locking ring 56 threaded to the guide rod 55. Rotating the locking ring 56 clamps the adjusting plate 54 with the limiting block 551, thus locking the position of the adjusting plate 54. When cleaning large grouting holes is required, the limiting plate can be rotated to extend the length of the guide rod 55 outside the protective sleeve 5. Then, the adjusting plate 54 is slid towards the limiting plate. After the adjusting plate 54 moves away from the protective sleeve 5, the elastic extension piece 57 will also unfold to a certain extent, allowing the protective sleeve 5 to protect grouting holes of different sizes.

[0045] In other embodiments, locking elements may be omitted. A bearing is fixed to the outside of the guide rod 55, allowing the guide rod 55 to be rotatably connected to the adjusting plate 54 via the bearing; rotating the limiting block 551 causes the guide rod 55 to move along its own axis, thereby driving the adjusting plate 54 to move closer to or further away from the protective sleeve 5.

[0046] To facilitate the insertion of the protective sleeve 5 into the bottom soil layer of the hole, a piercing claw 58 is fixed at one end of the protective sleeve 5, and multiple piercing claws 58 are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the protective sleeve 5.

[0047] The implementation principle of the sediment suction device of this application is as follows: The distance between the adjusting plate 54 and the protective sleeve 5 is adjusted according to the diameter of the injection hole, so that the adjusting plate 54 can press against the hole wall. The reference pressure rod 21 and the detection pressure rod 22 are adjusted so that the bottom ends of the reference pressure rod 21 and the detection pressure rod 22 are in the same horizontal plane. The hoist body 81 is started, and the hoisting rod 82 extends the slag suction cylinder 11 into the injection hole; after the slag suction cylinder 11 moves to the bottom of the hole, the first cylinder is started, driving the reference pressure rod 21 to move through the sediment layer, and then the air compressor 12 is started to inject a large amount of high-pressure gas into the slag suction cylinder 11. With the injection of high-pressure gas, a gas-slurry mixture is formed at the bottom of the hole. The mud and slag outside the slag suction cylinder 11 flow into the slag suction cylinder 11, and the slag rises with the gas-slurry mixture in the slag suction cylinder 11, flowing from the slag outlet 111 into the scum box 6. The slag and mud entering the slag box 6 enter the slag collection chamber 52 through the slag guide pipe 53. After being filtered by the filter screen 511, the slag remains in the slag collection chamber 52, and the mud flows back into the injection hole to reduce the water level change in the injection hole.

[0048] After the slag removal is completed, the second cylinder is activated to drive the detection pressure rod 22 downwards to the surface of the remaining slag. The processor 4 processes the recorded H and h to obtain the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod 21 and the detection pressure rod 22. The displacement difference is compared with the standard value to determine whether the slag removal is qualified, and then the next operation is determined.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A sludge suction device, characterized in that, include: The slag extraction assembly (1) includes a slag extraction cylinder (11) and a driving component. One end of the slag extraction cylinder (11) is provided with a slag outlet (111), and the driving component is used to drive the slag to flow to the slag outlet (111). Thickness detection component (2), the thickness detection component (2) includes a reference pressure rod (21), a detection pressure rod (22) and a pressure measuring component (3). The reference pressure rod (21) and the detection pressure rod (22) are slidably disposed on one side of the slag extraction cylinder (11). One end of the reference pressure rod (21) is connected to a first driving source (23) for driving itself to slide, and one end of the detection pressure rod (22) is connected to a second driving source (24) for driving itself to slide. The pressure measuring component (3) is used to detect the pressure on the ends of the reference pressure rod (21) and the detection pressure rod (22). The processor (4) is electrically connected to the first drive source (23), the second drive source (24) and the pressure measuring element (3). The processor (4) is used to record the displacement difference between the reference pressure rod (21) and the detection pressure rod (22) and to record the information detected by the pressure measuring element (3). The slag suction cylinder (11) is covered with a protective sleeve (5), and the protective sleeve (5) is provided with an adjusting plate group. The adjusting plate group includes several adjusting plates (54) that are slidably connected to the outer wall of the protective sleeve (5). The protective sleeve (5) is provided with a locking member for locking the adjusting plates (54). The outer wall of the protective sleeve (5) is provided with guide rods (55) that correspond one-to-one with the adjusting plate (54), and one end of the guide rod (55) is threaded to the outer wall of the protective sleeve (5); One end of the guide rod (55) passes through the adjusting plate (54) and is connected to the limiting block (551). The locking member includes a locking ring (56) threaded onto the guide rod (55), and the locking ring (56) and the limiting block (551) are located on both sides of the adjusting plate (54). The protective sleeve (5) is also fixed with a telescopic support rod (7). The telescopic support rod (7) includes an outer cylinder (71) and an inner rod (72) that is slidably disposed in the outer cylinder (71). One end of the inner rod (72) passes through the inner side wall of the protective sleeve (5) and is connected to the adjusting plate (54). An elastic extension piece (57) is provided between two adjacent adjusting plates (54).

2. The sludge suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes an air compressor (12), which is connected to a gas pipe (121), and the gas pipe (121) is connected to the slag extraction cylinder (11).

3. The sludge suction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective sleeve (5) is provided with a slag-carrying mesh plate (51), and a filter screen (511) is covered on the slag-carrying mesh plate (51). A slag collection cavity (52) is formed between the inner wall of the protective sleeve (5) and the filter screen (511). The slag collection chamber (52) is connected to a slag guide pipe (53), one end of which is connected to the slag outlet (111).

4. A sediment suction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slag outlet (111) is connected to a slag box (6), and a flow guide (61) is provided inside the slag box (6). The flow guide (61) gradually narrows away from the slag outlet (111), and the slag guide pipe (53) is connected to the slag box (6).

5. A sediment suction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting mechanism (8), which includes a lifting rod (82), one end of which is connected to the scum box (6).

6. A sludge suction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective sleeve (5) is provided with a piercing claw (58) at one end, and multiple piercing claws (58) are provided at intervals around the axis of the protective sleeve (5).

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