Incubator and environmental control method for measuring photosynthetic rate of plants

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of plant science research, and discloses a culture box and an environmental control method for measuring photosynthetic rate of plants, which can start a vertical circulation mechanism and each horizontal circulation mechanism arranged in the culture box, so that the vertical circulation mechanism can push the gas in the box to flow in the vertical direction, and the horizontal circulation mechanism can push the gas to flow in the horizontal direction, accelerate the movement speed of the airflow field in the box, and form a circulating airflow field, so that the gas components in the box are uniformly distributed, the control of the airflow field and the gas component distribution in the box is effectively realized, and when a portable photosynthesis instrument is used to calculate the photosynthetic rate of the gas in the box, the adverse effects of slow movement of the airflow field in the box and uneven distribution of the gas components on the accuracy of the photosynthetic rate calculation can be avoided, and the accuracy of the photosynthetic rate measurement is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant science research technology, and in particular to an incubator and environmental control method for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of plant science research, the technology for detecting plant photosynthetic rate is constantly improving.

[0003] Currently, the relevant technology allows the entire plant to be tested to be placed in a completely transparent, sealed structure for cultivation, and the gas in this structure is transported to a portable photosynthesis instrument, which then uses this gas to determine the photosynthetic rate of the entire plant.

[0004] However, the relevant technology cannot control the internal environment of the aforementioned closed structure, which may result in low accuracy of the calculated photosynthetic rate when using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the internal gas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned related technologies, which cannot control the internal environment of the sealed structure and may result in low accuracy of photosynthetic rate calculations when using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the internal gases, this invention provides an incubator and environmental control method for measuring plant photosynthetic rate. This method controls the airflow field and gas composition distribution within the incubator. When using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the gases within the incubator, it avoids the adverse effects of slow airflow and uneven gas composition on the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement, effectively improving the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an incubator for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants, comprising:

[0007] The enclosure is made of transparent material and consists of a top cover and side walls, with the top cover positioned on top of the side walls.

[0008] The base adopts a box-type structure. The bottom of the side wall is fixed to the base through connecting parts. The top of the base inside the box is provided with a bottom plate for placing the plant to be tested. Several ventilation holes are provided on the bottom plate.

[0009] The vertical circulation mechanism is located in the middle of the box of the base and is used to provide vertical airflow to the plant under test through several ventilation holes;

[0010] The horizontal circulation mechanism is configured in at least two sets, symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall, to drive the gas in the box to flow horizontally.

[0011] An environmental control device is installed on one side of the base and is electrically connected to the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism. It is used to control the operation of the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism to create a circulating airflow field in the box and to make the gas composition of the gas in the box uniformly distributed.

[0012] Optionally, the incubator may further include: a handheld anemometer extension cable and an anemometer;

[0013] One side of the extension cable of the handheld anemometer passes through the connecting component and connects to the environmental control device, and the other side connects to the anemometer. It is used to move the anemometer to the canopy position of the plant to be tested for wind speed measurement, and also to send the wind speed signal generated by the anemometer based on the wind speed to the environmental control device.

[0014] The environmental control device is used to generate a corresponding wind speed value based on the wind speed signal and to display the wind speed value.

[0015] The environmental control device is equipped with a wind speed control knob; the environmental control device is also used to receive wind speed control commands through the wind speed control knob, and control the rotation speed of the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism according to the wind speed control commands.

[0016] Optionally, a lens is embedded in the top cover to refract light from outside the chamber into vertical light rays and propagate them into the chamber; the incubator also includes:

[0017] A vertical lighting fixture, with its bottom fixed to the connecting component;

[0018] A horizontal lighting fixture is located above the top cover, slides vertically on the vertical lighting fixture, and is locked in place by a locking assembly;

[0019] A beam lampshade is mounted on the horizontal lighting fixture and located directly above the top cover;

[0020] A light source, disposed within the beam lamp cover and connected to the environmental control device, is used to transmit light to the plant under test through the lens;

[0021] A light sensor is embedded in the center of the base plate and connected to the environmental control device;

[0022] The environmental control device is used to measure and display the light intensity via the light sensor.

[0023] The environmental control device is equipped with a light intensity control knob; the environmental control device is also used to receive light intensity control commands through the light intensity control knob, and control the light intensity of the light source according to the light intensity control commands.

[0024] Optionally, the incubator further includes: a temperature and humidity sensor, an electric heating component, a cooling component, and a humidification component;

[0025] The temperature and humidity sensor is located at the middle height position on the inner side of the side wall and is connected to the environmental control device;

[0026] The electric heating component, the humidification component, and the cooling component are integrated within the base and are all connected to the environmental control device;

[0027] The environmental control device is used to detect and display temperature and humidity via the temperature and humidity sensor;

[0028] The environmental control device is equipped with a temperature control button and a humidity control button; the environmental control device is also used to receive temperature control instructions and humidity control instructions respectively through the temperature control button and the humidity control button, control the working state of the electric heating component and / or the cooling component according to the temperature control instruction, and control the working state of the humidification component according to the humidity control instruction.

[0029] Optionally, the base includes an upper compartment and a lower compartment; an exhaust vent is provided on both the left and right sides of the lower compartment;

[0030] The electric heating assembly includes an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire and the vertical circulation mechanism are disposed in the upper compartment, with the electric heating wire located below the vertical circulation mechanism;

[0031] The humidification assembly includes two humidification sub-assemblies disposed on both sides of the upper compartment. Each humidification sub-assembly includes a water tank, a water-absorbing cotton column, and an atomizing nozzle. The bottom of the water-absorbing cotton column is placed in the water stored in the water tank, and the top of the water-absorbing cotton column is connected to the atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzle is connected to the environmental control device.

[0032] The refrigeration component is disposed below the electric heating wire;

[0033] The cooling assembly includes a semiconductor cooling chip, cold-end heat dissipation fins, and hot-end heat dissipation fins; wherein:

[0034] The semiconductor cooling chip is disposed between the upper compartment and the lower compartment;

[0035] The cold-end heat dissipation fins and the hot-end heat dissipation fins are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling chip, with the cold-end heat dissipation fins located in the upper compartment and the hot-end heat dissipation fins located in the lower compartment.

[0036] Multiple cooling fans are provided on both the left and right sides of the hot end heat dissipation fins. The cooling fans are located at the same height as the exhaust vent, and the hot end heat dissipation fins dissipate heat through the cooling fans and the exhaust vent.

[0037] Optionally, the incubator further includes:

[0038] The air inlet and air outlet are provided on the side wall;

[0039] An air intake valve is located between the air intake port and the external environment, and is used to transfer air from the external environment into the housing through the air intake port;

[0040] A drying tube, connected to the inner end of the air inlet, is used to absorb moisture in the intake air;

[0041] An exhaust valve is located between the exhaust port and the external environment. It is used to transmit gas from inside the chamber to the photosynthesis instrument so that the photosynthesis instrument can determine the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test based on the gas inside the chamber.

[0042] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an environmental control method applied to the incubator described in the first aspect for measuring plant photosynthetic rate, the method comprising:

[0043] The environmental control device receives start commands from the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism;

[0044] In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms, so that the vertical circulation mechanism provides vertical airflow to the plant under test in the box through several ventilation holes on the bottom plate, and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms pushes the gas in the box to flow horizontally, so as to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas components in the box evenly distributed.

[0045] Optionally, before activating the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command, the method further includes:

[0046] The environmental control device determines the longitudinal circulation distance based on the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the longitudinal distance of the incubator; wherein, the longitudinal distance is the distance between the bottom plate and the top cover, and the longitudinal circulation distance is the distance that the gas inside the chamber needs to move to complete one longitudinal circulation within the chamber;

[0047] The environmental control device determines the target time required for the gas inside the chamber to complete one longitudinal circulation based on the longitudinal circulation distance and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism.

[0048] The activation of the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command includes:

[0049] In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the target duration threshold, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms. The target duration threshold is the product of the target duration and the set number of cycles.

[0050] Optionally, before activating the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command, the method further includes:

[0051] The environmental control device acquires the canopy diameter of the plant under test;

[0052] The environmental control device determines the corresponding interval duration based on the canopy diameter and the preset relationship curve; wherein, the preset relationship curve is the relationship curve between the canopy diameter variable and the interval duration variable, and the preset relationship curve is generated based on the canopy diameter variable, the set number of cycles, the interval duration variable, the longitudinal distance of the incubator, and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism;

[0053] The activation of the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command includes:

[0054] In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the interval duration, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms.

[0055] Optionally, the incubator further includes a temperature and humidity sensor, an electric heating component, a cooling component, a humidification component, and a drying tube; the method further includes:

[0056] The environmental control device detects the temperature and humidity inside the chamber using the temperature and humidity sensor.

[0057] When the environmental control device determines that the temperature inside the chamber is lower than the preset temperature range, it activates the electric heating component to raise the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range.

[0058] When the environmental control device determines that the temperature inside the chamber is higher than the preset temperature range, it activates the cooling component to lower the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range.

[0059] When the environmental control device determines that the humidity inside the chamber is lower than the preset humidity range, it activates the humidification component to raise the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range.

[0060] When the environmental control device determines that the humidity inside the chamber is higher than the preset humidity range, it controls the humidification component to shut down, so as to wait for the drying tube to absorb the moisture inside the chamber and reduce the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range.

[0061] The incubator and environmental control method for measuring plant photosynthetic rate provided by this invention can activate the vertical circulation mechanism and various horizontal circulation mechanisms set in the incubator. The vertical circulation mechanism can drive the gas in the chamber to flow vertically, and the horizontal circulation mechanism can drive the gas to flow horizontally. This accelerates the movement speed of the airflow field in the chamber and forms a circulating airflow field, resulting in a uniform distribution of gas components in the chamber. This effectively controls the airflow field and gas component distribution in the chamber. When using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the gas in the chamber, it can avoid the adverse effects of slow airflow and uneven gas composition on the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement, effectively improving the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 A front cross-sectional view of an incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mixing stirrer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 A front cross-sectional view of another incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 4 A side view of an incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 5 A top cross-sectional view of an incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 6 A front sectional view of a base provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 7 A top cross-sectional view of a base provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 8 A lower cross-sectional view of a base provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 9 A front cross-sectional view of a drying tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 10 A lower view of a drying tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating an environmental control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 12 A simplified model of the internal space of an incubator and a schematic diagram of its space occupancy are provided for embodiments of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 13 A temperature control flowchart provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 14 A humidity control flowchart is provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0078] The components involved in the following embodiments are described in Table 1.

[0079] Table 1 Component Descriptions

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] The following is combined Figures 1-10 The present invention describes an incubator for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants.

[0083] This embodiment presents the first incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rates. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the incubator includes:

[0084] The enclosure 38 is made of transparent material and consists of a top cover 18 and a side wall 10, with the top cover 18 located on top of the side wall 10;

[0085] The base 39 adopts a box structure. The bottom of the side wall 10 is fixed to the base 39 by the connecting component 25. The top of the base 39, located inside the box body 38, is provided with a bottom plate 23 for placing the plant to be tested. Several ventilation holes are provided on the bottom plate 23.

[0086] The vertical circulation mechanism 30 is located in the middle of the box 38 of the base 39 and is used to provide vertical airflow to the plant under test through several ventilation holes.

[0087] The horizontal circulation mechanism 9 is configured in at least two sets, symmetrically arranged inside the side wall 10, to drive the gas in the box 38 to flow horizontally.

[0088] An environmental control device 1 is installed on one side of the base 39 and is electrically connected to the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9. It is used to control the operation of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 to create a circulating airflow field in the box 38 and to make the gas composition of the gas in the box 38 uniformly distributed.

[0089] Specifically, the sidewall 10 can be made of opaque plexiglass, which is high in strength and lightweight. The inner lining can be made of white extruded polystyrene board with good heat insulation properties for heat insulation and reflection.

[0090] Specifically, the base plate 23 can be a white drying board with multiple ventilation holes. These ventilation holes can be evenly spaced on the base plate 23.

[0091] Optionally, the top cover 18 and the side wall 10 can be fixed by a clamping fastener 11, and the side wall 10 and the base 39 can be fixed by an M10 flange (i.e., connecting part 25), and the airtight function can be achieved by a silicone gasket.

[0092] Specifically, the vertical circulation mechanism 30 can be a vertical circulation fan.

[0093] Specifically, each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 may include N horizontal circulation fans arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the housing, where N is greater than or equal to 1. All horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the side wall 10 in the horizontal direction.

[0094] Optionally, the vertical circulating fan can be a 120 mm fan, and the horizontal circulating fan can be a 50 mm fan. Each group of horizontal circulating mechanisms 9 can include 4 horizontal circulating fans, in which case N is 4.

[0095] Among them, the environmental control device 1 can be a device used to control the environmental parameters inside the box.

[0096] Specifically, when the environmental control device 1 receives the activation command of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9, it can activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and all the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9, so that the vertical circulation mechanism 30 can push the gas in the box to flow vertically and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 can push the gas to flow horizontally, thereby accelerating the movement speed of the airflow field in the box and forming a circulating airflow field in the box, thereby making the gas composition in the box evenly distributed.

[0097] Optionally, the environmental control device 1 may include a controller, a display 6, a power supply, and a power distributor. The power supply provides electrical energy to the display 6 and the controller through the power distributor. The controller is connected to the display 6; the controller can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), and the display 6 can be a light-emitting diode (LED) display.

[0098] Specifically, the controller is also connected to the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9. When the controller receives an activation command from the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9, it can activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and all the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9.

[0099] The inventors of this invention have discovered that the mixing agitator design includes a stirring rotor 40 and a baffle plate 41, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the diagram. In this structure, after being pushed by the rotor blades, the working fluid first flows out of the rotor blade area horizontally away from the axis, and then impacts the container wall. Simultaneously, the stirring rotor 40 imparts a tangential velocity along the rotation direction to the working fluid, causing it to move in a circular motion until it impacts the baffle plate 41. The obstruction of the baffle plate 41 forces the working fluid to change its flow direction and move upwards along the baffle plate 41. When the upward-moving working fluid's velocity returns to zero due to gravity, it returns from the axis center to the blade area, forming a circulating flow and constructing a corresponding circulating flow field. This circulating flow field ensures thorough and uniform mixing of the components in the working fluid. This embodiment considers designing an incubator incorporating this flow field. Directly adding the stirring rotor 40 and baffle plate 41 would undoubtedly increase the material, overall volume, weight, and structural complexity of the incubator, while also reducing the usable space of the incubator. In this embodiment, the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 are set inside the incubator to form such a flow field, so that the gas components inside the chamber are evenly distributed.

[0100] The incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate proposed in this embodiment can activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and various horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 installed inside the incubator. This allows the vertical circulation mechanism 30 to drive the gas inside the incubator to flow vertically, and the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 to drive the gas to flow horizontally. This accelerates the movement speed of the airflow field inside the incubator and forms a circulating airflow field, resulting in a uniform distribution of gas components inside the incubator. This effectively controls the airflow field and gas component distribution inside the incubator. When using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the gas inside the incubator, it can avoid the adverse effects of slow airflow and uneven gas composition on the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement, effectively improving the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0101] based on Figure 1 This embodiment proposes a second incubator for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants. The incubator also includes: a handheld anemometer extension cable 7 and an anemometer 8.

[0102] One side of the handheld anemometer extension cable 7 passes through the connecting component 25 and connects to the environmental control device 1, while the other side connects to the anemometer 8. It is used to move the anemometer 8 to the canopy position of the plant to be tested for wind speed measurement, and also to send the wind speed signal generated by the anemometer 8 according to the wind speed to the environmental control device 1.

[0103] Environmental control device 1 is used to generate and display the corresponding wind speed value based on the wind speed signal;

[0104] The environmental control device 1 is equipped with a wind speed control knob 3; the environmental control device 1 is also used to receive wind speed control commands through the wind speed control knob 3, and control the rotation speed of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 according to the wind speed control commands.

[0105] Optionally, the anemometer 8 can be a turbine anemometer.

[0106] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the user can use the handheld anemometer extension cable 7 to move the anemometer 8, so that the anemometer 8 can be moved to the canopy position of the plant to be tested, and the wind speed around the plant canopy, i.e., the canopy wind speed, can be measured by the anemometer 8.

[0107] Specifically, the environmental control device 1 can acquire the wind speed signal sent by the anemometer 8, and generate the corresponding canopy wind speed value based on the wind speed signal, and display it to the user through the display 6.

[0108] Specifically, the environmental control device 1 can also be equipped with an operation panel connected to the controller, and the operation panel is equipped with a wind speed control knob 3.

[0109] The controller can receive wind speed control commands through the wind speed control knob 3 on the operation panel, and control the rotation speed of each group of horizontal circulation mechanism 9 and vertical circulation mechanism 30 according to the wind speed control commands.

[0110] Specifically, the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 can support wind speed control using pulse width modulation (PWM) signals.

[0111] Specifically, users can view real-time canopy wind speed on display 6 and, as needed, control the rotation speed of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 via the wind speed control knob 3, thereby adjusting the canopy wind speed until it reaches the required value, effectively controlling and maintaining the airflow field within the chamber. In this embodiment, the plant under test can perform photosynthesis under specific canopy wind speed conditions, thus measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test under specific canopy wind speed conditions, effectively achieving the measurement of the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test under different canopy wind speed conditions.

[0112] It is understood that this embodiment can be used to determine the effect of canopy wind speed on plant photosynthesis, or to conduct wind speed sensitivity experiments on the stomata of different plant leaves.

[0113] The incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate proposed in this embodiment can control the canopy wind speed of the plant under test by controlling the rotation speed of the vertical circulation fan 30 and the horizontal circulation fan 9. This allows for effective control and maintenance of the canopy wind speed of the plant under test within the incubator, enabling the plant to perform photosynthesis under specific canopy wind speed conditions and measure the corresponding photosynthetic rate. Thus, it is possible to effectively measure the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test under different canopy wind speed conditions.

[0114] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a third type of incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rates. Among them, Figure 4 and Figure 5 These are the side view and top sectional view of the incubator, respectively.

[0115] In this incubator, a lens 18 is embedded in the top cover to refract light from outside the chamber into vertical light rays and propagate them into the chamber body 38; the incubator also includes:

[0116] A vertical lighting fixture 12 is fixed at its bottom to a connecting component 25;

[0117] The horizontal lighting fixture 14 is located above the top cover and is slidably connected to the vertical lighting fixture 12 in the vertical direction and locked by a locking assembly;

[0118] A beam lampshade 17 is mounted on the horizontal lighting fixture 14 and located directly above the top cover;

[0119] The light source is set inside the beam lamp cover 17 and connected to the environmental control device 1, and is used to transmit light to the plant under test through the lens 18.

[0120] A light sensor is embedded in the center of the base plate 23 and connected to the environmental control device 1;

[0121] The environmental control device 1 is used to measure and display the light intensity via a light sensor;

[0122] The environmental control device 1 is equipped with a light intensity control knob 2; the environmental control device 1 is also used to receive light intensity control commands through the light intensity control knob 2, and control the light intensity of the light source according to the light intensity control commands.

[0123] Lens 18 can be a single piece of Fresnel lens made of glass with excellent light transmission properties, essentially an integrated Fresnel lens with the top cover 18. It refracts light from different directions into a vertically downward direction, unifying the illumination directed at the plant. The surface of lens 18 can be coated to increase its strength and durability, and to filter infrared light. It should be noted that by introducing a Fresnel lens into the top cover 18, the radial artificial light source directed at the top cover can be transformed into parallel light similar to natural light and propagated into the enclosure.

[0124] The light source can be an LED lamp. This embodiment can also be equipped with a corresponding LED lamp holder 15, which can adopt a pluggable modular design. In this embodiment, users can configure different LED beads 16 according to their needs to achieve different light formulas.

[0125] The light sensor can be a photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) light sensor. This PAR light sensor can integrate light from 10 to 2000 nanometers, with a resolution of 1 μmol·(m²). 2 ·s) -1 That is, the number of micromoles of photosynthetically active radiation received per square meter per second is 1.

[0126] It should be noted that the horizontal lighting fixture 14 can move up and down along the vertical lighting fixture 12 and can be fixed at a certain height by a set screw.

[0127] Specifically, the beam lampshade 17 can be an opaque lampshade with an opening angle of 76 degrees. When the horizontal lighting fixture 14 is located 355 mm above the top cover 18, the illumination range can just cover the area of ​​the top cover 18.

[0128] Specifically, users can view the real-time light intensity on display 6 and control the light intensity of the light source using the light intensity control knob 2 as needed, thereby adjusting the light intensity for the plant under test until the light intensity reaches the required value. In this embodiment, the plant under test can perform photosynthesis under specific light intensity conditions, thus allowing for the measurement of the photosynthetic rate of the plant under specific light intensity conditions, effectively realizing the measurement of the photosynthetic rate of the plant under different light intensity conditions.

[0129] It should be noted that this embodiment can control the light intensity inside the box by controlling the light intensity of the light source, thereby effectively maintaining and controlling the environment inside the box, improving the stability of the environment inside the box, so that the plant under test can carry out photosynthesis under specific light intensity conditions, and measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test under specific light intensity conditions. This avoids the influence of unstable light intensity inside the box on the photosynthetic rate measurement, and effectively improves the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0130] Optionally, the incubator may also include: a temperature and humidity sensor 21, an electric heating component, a cooling component, and a humidification component;

[0131] The temperature and humidity sensor 21 is installed at the middle height position inside the side wall 10 and is connected to the environmental control device 1;

[0132] The electric heating component, humidification component and cooling component are integrated in the base 39 and are all connected to the environmental control device 1;

[0133] Environmental control device 1 is used to detect and display temperature and humidity via temperature and humidity sensor 21;

[0134] The environmental control device 1 is equipped with a humidity control button 5 and a humidity control button 4; the environmental control device 1 is also used to receive temperature control commands and humidity control commands through the humidity control button 5 and the humidity control button 4 respectively, control the working state of the electric heating component and / or the cooling component according to the temperature control command, and control the working state of the humidification component according to the humidity control command.

[0135] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagram shows a front view, a top view, and a bottom view of the base. The base 39 includes an upper compartment and a lower compartment; an exhaust vent 33 is provided on both the left and right sides of the lower compartment.

[0136] The electric heating assembly includes an electric heating wire 29, and the electric heating wire 29 and the vertical circulation mechanism 30 are disposed in the upper compartment, with the electric heating wire 29 located below the vertical circulation mechanism 30;

[0137] The humidification assembly includes two humidification sub-assemblies arranged on both sides of the upper compartment. Each humidification sub-assembly includes a water tank 26, a water-absorbing cotton column 28, and an atomizing nozzle 27. The bottom of the water-absorbing cotton column 28 is placed in the water stored in the water tank 26, and the top of the water-absorbing cotton column 28 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 27. The atomizing nozzle 27 is connected to the environmental control device 1.

[0138] The cooling component is located below the electric heating wire 29;

[0139] The cooling assembly includes a semiconductor cooling chip 34, cold-end heat dissipation fins, and hot-end heat dissipation fins; wherein:

[0140] The semiconductor cooling chip 34 is disposed between the upper compartment and the lower compartment;

[0141] The cold end heat dissipation fins and the hot end heat dissipation fins are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling chip 34, with the cold end heat dissipation fins located in the upper compartment and the hot end heat dissipation fins located in the lower compartment.

[0142] Multiple cooling fans 35 are installed on both sides of the hot end heat dissipation fins. The cooling fans 35 and the exhaust vent 33 are at the same height. The hot end heat dissipation fins dissipate heat through the cooling fans 35 and the exhaust vent 33.

[0143] The heating power of the electric heating wire 29 and the cooling power of the cooling element can both be 100 watts.

[0144] The heat sink 31 can be made of copper.

[0145] Specifically, four 50mm cooling fans 35 facing the same direction can be installed on both sides of the heat sink fins, and heat is dissipated through the exhaust vents 33 on both sides of the base 39.

[0146] Optionally, the incubator described above may also be equipped with a heat insulation layer 37. In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 37 can reduce the influence of the external environment on the temperature and humidity inside the incubator, thus ensuring the stability of the environment inside the incubator.

[0147] The atomizing nozzle 27 can be an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle. The water tank 26 can be a semi-circular water tank, and the humidification function is achieved by two ultrasonic atomizing humidifying heads installed on the semi-circular water tank 26.

[0148] The incubator can also be equipped with a water level observation window 32. Users can check the water level through the water level observation window 32 so that when the water level is in an abnormal range, they can adjust the water level to the normal range by adding or subtracting water to ensure that the water level is within the normal range.

[0149] Understandably, this embodiment can regulate environmental conditions such as light, temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the chamber, maintaining stable environmental conditions during photosynthetic rate measurement and simulating different environmental conditions. It maintains a stable internal environment, has a low cost, and enhances the reliability of photosynthetic rate measurement results. The display 6 can show the set values ​​for temperature and humidity, as well as current information such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and photon count.

[0150] In practical applications, the environmental control device 1 also includes a box for housing related equipment. In this case, the environmental control device 1 can be a photosynthesis chamber environmental control box, which can monitor and display information such as light, temperature, humidity and airflow inside the incubator in real time.

[0151] It should be noted that this embodiment can effectively control the temperature and humidity inside the incubator by setting a temperature and humidity sensor 21, an electric heating component, a cooling component, and a humidification component, as well as setting humidity control buttons 5 and 4. This maintains the temperature and humidity inside the incubator at the set values, thereby controlling environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity inside the incubator and effectively controlling the environment inside the incubator. This avoids the impact of unstable environment inside the incubator on the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement and improves the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0152] Optionally, the incubator may also include:

[0153] The air inlet and air outlet are located on the side wall 10;

[0154] The air intake valve 19 is located between the air intake port and the external environment, and is used to transfer air from the external environment to the housing 38 through the air intake port.

[0155] Drying tube 36, connected to the inner end of the air inlet, is used to absorb moisture in the intake air;

[0156] The air outlet valve 24 is located between the air outlet and the external environment. It is used to transmit the gas inside the chamber to the photosynthesis instrument so that the photosynthesis instrument can determine the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test based on the gas inside the chamber.

[0157] Both the inlet valve 19 and the outlet valve 24 are compatible with valves of various diameters and can be connected to 1 / 2 / 3-point hoses, which have good interface compatibility, facilitate connection with different photosynthesis instruments and improve the efficiency of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0158] Specifically, the environmental control device 1 can also be connected to the inlet valve 19 and the outlet valve 24. When the chamber 38 needs to receive air from the external environment, the environmental control device 1 can open the inlet valve 19 and the outlet valve 24 to exchange gases with the external environment, and when photosynthetic rate needs to be measured, it can open the outlet valve 24 to transfer the gas inside the chamber to the photosynthesis instrument.

[0159] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 The diagram shows a front sectional view and a bottom view of the drying tube 36. The drying tube 36 can be made of borosilicate glass and filled with an indicator desiccant.

[0160] Optionally, the incubator described above can also be equipped with a container pressure gauge 20 for monitoring and displaying the pressure inside the chamber.

[0161] It should also be noted that all components in this embodiment can be made from mature shelf items or structures that can be easily processed, which can avoid increasing processing costs and processing difficulty, and at the same time, it is easy to change the size parameters and carry out enlargement or reduction design.

[0162] The incubator for measuring plant photosynthetic rate proposed in this embodiment can exchange gases with the outside air through components such as air inlet, air inlet valve 19, air outlet, and air outlet valve 24, and can also transmit the gas inside the chamber to the photosynthesis instrument, effectively ensuring the normal calculation of the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test. Furthermore, by incorporating a drying tube 36, the humidity of the gas can be reduced, further achieving effective control of the environment inside the chamber.

[0163] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment proposes a first environmental control method, which can be applied to the above-mentioned incubator. This method may include the following steps:

[0164] S1101, the environmental control device 1 receives the start command of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9.

[0165] S1102, in response to the start command, the environmental control device 1 activates the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9, so that the vertical circulation mechanism 30 provides vertical airflow to the plant to be tested in the box 38 through a plurality of air vents on the bottom plate 23, and causes each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 to push the gas in the box to flow in the horizontal direction, so as to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas components in the box evenly distributed.

[0166] Specifically, when the environmental control device 1 receives the start command of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9, it can activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and all the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9, so that the vertical circulation mechanism 30 can push the gas in the box to flow vertically and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 can push the gas to flow horizontally, thereby accelerating the movement speed of the airflow field in the box and forming a circulating airflow field in the box, thereby making the gas composition in the box evenly distributed.

[0167] The environmental control method proposed in this embodiment can activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and various horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 installed in the incubator. This allows the vertical circulation mechanism 30 to drive the gas in the chamber to flow vertically, and the horizontal circulation mechanisms 9 to drive the gas to flow horizontally. This accelerates the movement speed of the airflow field in the chamber and forms a circulating airflow field, resulting in a uniform distribution of gas components in the chamber. This effectively controls the airflow field and gas component distribution in the chamber. When using a portable photosynthesis instrument to measure the photosynthetic rate of the gas in the chamber, it can avoid the adverse effects of slow airflow and uneven gas composition on the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement, thus effectively improving the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0168] based on Figure 11 This embodiment proposes a second environmental control method. Before step S102 described above, this method may further include:

[0169] The environmental control device 1 determines the longitudinal circulation distance based on the canopy diameter of the plant to be tested and the longitudinal distance of the incubator; wherein, the longitudinal distance is the distance between the bottom plate 23 and the top cover 18, and the longitudinal circulation distance is the distance that the gas in the chamber needs to move to complete one longitudinal circulation in the chamber.

[0170] Environmental control device 1 determines the target time required for the gas inside the chamber to complete one longitudinal circulation based on the longitudinal circulation distance and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism;

[0171] Optionally, step S102 may include:

[0172] In response to the start command, the environmental control device 1 starts the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the target duration threshold, it starts each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9. The target duration threshold is the product of the target duration and the set number of cycles.

[0173] It should be noted that due to the different densities of components such as oxygen (1.429 g / L), carbon dioxide (1.997 g / L), and nitrogen (1.25 g / L) in the gas inside the chamber, there is an uneven distribution under still air conditions. When collecting gas samples from inside the chamber, such as at the air outlet, to measure the photosynthetic rate, the calculated gas composition cannot reflect the true composition of the gas inside the cultivation chamber. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to activate the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 to promote gas circulation and ensure uniform mixing of the gas components inside the chamber. Furthermore, when the plant being tested is a potted plant, because the canopy shape of potted plants is mainly radial and axially symmetrical, the distribution difference of gas components inside the chamber is greater in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. At this point, in this embodiment, the vertical circulation mechanism 30 can be activated first to drive the gas to circulate in the longitudinal direction, and then the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 can be activated to drive the gas to circulate in the horizontal direction, so as to ensure that the gas composition in the box is uniform and improve the control efficiency and reduce the control energy consumption.

[0174] It is understandable that the canopy of the plant being tested will block the vertical circulation of gas inside the chamber, thus increasing the distance that the gas needs to travel when circulating vertically.

[0175] Specifically, the longitudinal circulation distance can be the sum of the canopy radius and twice the longitudinal distance. The canopy radius can be obtained from the canopy diameter.

[0176] The starting speed is the rotational speed of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 after startup. In this embodiment, the air outlet speed corresponding to the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism 30 can be determined. It should be noted that when the vertical circulation mechanism 30 is a PWM speed-controlled fan, its starting speed is generally not less than 20% of the full speed. Taking a 120×120×25 fan as an example, with an air volume of 45 cubic feet per minute (1 cubic foot per minute equals 1.7 cubic meters per hour), the air outlet speed at 20% speed is approximately 0.3 meters per second.

[0177] Specifically, in this embodiment, the longitudinal circulation distance can be divided by the air outlet speed corresponding to the starting speed to obtain the corresponding value and determine it as the target duration.

[0178] Then, in this embodiment, the target duration can be multiplied by the set number of cycles to obtain the target duration threshold. It should be noted that the set number of cycles is the number of times the gas in the chamber must complete longitudinal circulation within the chamber.

[0179] In an optional implementation, when the size of the incubator remains constant, the method may further include the following steps before step S102:

[0180] Environmental control device 1 acquires the canopy diameter of the plant under test;

[0181] The environmental control device 1 determines the corresponding interval duration based on the canopy diameter and the preset relationship curve; wherein, the preset relationship curve is the relationship curve between the canopy diameter variable and the interval duration variable, and the preset relationship curve is generated based on the canopy diameter variable, the set number of cycles, the interval duration variable, the longitudinal distance of the incubator, and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism;

[0182] Optionally, step S102 above may include:

[0183] In response to the start command, the environmental control device 1 activates the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and starts timing. When the timing duration reaches the interval duration, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms 9.

[0184] It is understandable that factors such as the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the size of the incubator will affect the interval between activating the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9.

[0185] It should be noted that when the size of the incubator remains unchanged, for example, when measuring the photosynthetic rate of different plants under test in the same incubator, this embodiment can predetermine the relationship between the canopy diameter variable and the interval duration variable of the plant under test based on the same incubator. Then, when measuring plants under test with different canopy diameters, the corresponding interval duration can be directly determined based on the canopy diameter and this relationship, and the vertical circulation mechanism 30 and the horizontal circulation mechanism 9 can be started based on the interval duration.

[0186] It is understood that this embodiment can refer to the process described above of determining the target duration threshold based on the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the longitudinal distance of the incubator, and construct the above-mentioned preset relationship curve based on the canopy diameter variable, the set number of cycles, the interval duration variable, the longitudinal distance of the incubator, and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism 30.

[0187] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment can assume that the plant canopy is completely airtight and that the canopy shape is an extreme cylindrical shape proportional to the culture box. Based on different canopy diameters, corresponding interval durations are determined, and the aforementioned preset relationship curve is constructed. Figure 12 In the diagram, the horizontally marked data (40, 79, 119, 158, 198, 237, 277, 316, 356, and 395) represent the canopy diameter, while the vertically marked data (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, and 500) represent the width of the plant being tested. The relevant data calculated during the curve construction process are shown in Table 2.

[0188] Table 2 shows the parameter values ​​for different parameters during curve construction.

[0189]

[0190] The space ratio in Table 1 is the ratio between the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the inner diameter of the incubator.

[0191] The environmental control method proposed in this embodiment can first start the vertical circulation fan to drive the gas to circulate in the vertical direction, and then start the horizontal circulation fan to drive the gas to circulate in the horizontal direction, so as to ensure the uniformity of gas composition in the chamber, improve control efficiency, and reduce control energy consumption.

[0192] This embodiment proposes a third environmental control method. In this method, the incubator further includes a temperature and humidity sensor 21, an electric heating component, a cooling component, a humidification component, and a drying tube 36; the method also includes:

[0193] Environmental control device 1 detects the temperature and humidity inside the chamber via temperature and humidity sensor 21;

[0194] When the environmental control device 1 determines that the temperature inside the chamber is lower than the preset temperature range, it activates the electric heating component to raise the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range.

[0195] When the environmental control device 1 determines that the temperature inside the chamber is higher than the preset temperature range, it activates the cooling components to lower the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range.

[0196] When the environmental control device 1 determines that the humidity inside the chamber is lower than the preset humidity range, it activates the humidification component to raise the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range.

[0197] When the environmental control device 1 determines that the humidity inside the chamber is higher than the preset humidity range, it controls the humidification component to shut off, so as to wait for the drying tube 36 to absorb the moisture inside the chamber and reduce the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range.

[0198] Specifically, the environmental control device 1 can automatically regulate the temperature and humidity inside the chamber.

[0199] like Figure 13 As shown, the environmental control device 1 can receive the temperature signal sent by the temperature and humidity sensor 21, determine the corresponding temperature value based on the temperature signal, and determine whether the temperature value is within ±1℃ of the set value. If it is lower, the environmental control device 1 can start the electric heating wire 29 to heat the gas in the chamber. If it is higher, the refrigeration component (i.e., the semiconductor cooling chip 34) can be started to cool the gas in the chamber. Then, it is determined whether the current temperature value has reached ±1℃ of the set value. If not, heating or cooling can continue. If so, the operating temperature control system (including the electric heating wire 29 and the semiconductor cooling chip 34, etc.) can be turned off to determine that the temperature has reached the set value and to continuously monitor the temperature inside the chamber.

[0200] like Figure 14 As shown, the environmental control device 1 can receive the humidity signal sent by the temperature and humidity sensor 23, determine the corresponding humidity value based on the humidity signal, and judge whether the humidity value is within ±5% of the set value. If it is lower, the environmental control device can start the humidifier to humidify; if it is higher, it can wait for the drying tube 36 to reduce the humidity. Then, it judges whether the current humidity value has reached ±5% of the set value. If not, it can continue to humidify or wait for the drying tube 36 to reduce the humidity. If it is, it can turn off the running humidity control system (including the humidifier), confirm that the humidity has reached the set value, and continuously monitor the humidity inside the chamber.

[0201] The environmental control method proposed in this embodiment can control environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity inside the chamber, further enhancing the control and maintenance of the environment inside the chamber, ensuring the normal implementation of the cultivation of the plants under test, and thus ensuring the accuracy of photosynthetic rate measurement.

[0202] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental control method, characterized in that, An incubator for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants, the incubator comprising: The enclosure is made of transparent material and consists of a top cover and side walls. The top cover is located on top of the side walls. An integrated Fresnel lens is embedded in the top cover to refract light from artificial or natural light sources outside the enclosure into vertical light rays and propagate them into the enclosure. The base adopts a box-type structure. The bottom of the side wall is fixed to the base through connecting parts. The top of the base inside the box is provided with a bottom plate for placing the plant to be tested. Several ventilation holes are provided on the bottom plate. The vertical circulation mechanism is located in the middle of the box of the base and is used to provide vertical airflow to the plant under test through several ventilation holes; The horizontal circulation mechanism is configured in at least two sets, symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall, to drive the gas in the box to flow horizontally. An environmental control device is installed on one side of the base and is electrically connected to the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism. It is used to control the operation of the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas composition of the gas in the box uniformly distributed. The method includes: The environmental control device receives start commands from the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism; In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms, so that the vertical circulation mechanism provides vertical airflow to the plant under test in the box through several ventilation holes on the bottom plate, and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms pushes the gas in the box to flow horizontally, so as to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas components in the box evenly distributed. The method further includes, prior to activating the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command: The environmental control device determines the longitudinal circulation distance based on the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the longitudinal distance of the incubator; wherein, the longitudinal distance is the distance between the bottom plate and the top cover, the longitudinal circulation distance is the distance that the gas in the chamber needs to move to complete one longitudinal circulation in the chamber, and the longitudinal circulation distance is the sum of the canopy diameter of the plant under test and twice the longitudinal distance; The environmental control device determines the target time required for the gas inside the chamber to complete one longitudinal circulation based on the longitudinal circulation distance and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism; wherein, the target time is obtained by dividing the longitudinal circulation distance by the air outlet speed of the vertical circulation mechanism, and the air outlet speed of the vertical circulation mechanism is obtained by converting the starting speed; The activation of the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command includes: In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the target duration threshold, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms. The target duration threshold is the product of the target duration and the set number of cycles.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before activating the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command, the method further includes: The environmental control device acquires the canopy diameter of the plant under test; The environmental control device determines the corresponding interval duration based on the canopy diameter and the preset relationship curve; wherein, the preset relationship curve is the relationship curve between the canopy diameter variable and the interval duration variable, and the preset relationship curve is generated based on the canopy diameter variable, the set number of cycles, the interval duration variable, the longitudinal distance of the incubator, and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism; The activation of the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command includes: In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the interval duration, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incubator also includes a temperature and humidity sensor, an electric heating component, a cooling component, a humidification component, and a drying tube; the method further includes: The environmental control device detects the temperature and humidity inside the chamber using the temperature and humidity sensor. When the environmental control device determines that the temperature inside the chamber is lower than the preset temperature range, it activates the electric heating component to raise the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range. When the environmental control device determines that the temperature inside the chamber is higher than the preset temperature range, it activates the cooling component to lower the temperature inside the chamber to the preset temperature range. When the environmental control device determines that the humidity inside the chamber is lower than the preset humidity range, it activates the humidification component to raise the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range. When the environmental control device determines that the humidity inside the chamber is higher than the preset humidity range, it controls the humidification component to shut down, so as to wait for the drying tube to absorb the moisture inside the chamber and reduce the humidity inside the chamber to the preset humidity range.

4. An incubator for measuring the photosynthetic rate of plants, characterized in that, include: The enclosure is made of transparent material and consists of a top cover and side walls. The top cover is located on top of the side walls. An integrated Fresnel lens is embedded in the top cover to refract light from artificial or natural light sources outside the enclosure into vertical light rays and propagate them into the enclosure. The base adopts a box-type structure. The bottom of the side wall is fixed to the base through connecting parts. The top of the base inside the box is provided with a bottom plate for placing the plant to be tested. Several ventilation holes are provided on the bottom plate. The vertical circulation mechanism is located in the middle of the box of the base and is used to provide vertical airflow to the plant under test through several ventilation holes; The horizontal circulation mechanism is configured in at least two sets, symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall, to drive the gas in the box to flow horizontally. An environmental control device is installed on one side of the base and is electrically connected to the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism. It is used to control the operation of the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas composition of the gas in the box uniformly distributed. The environmental control device is configured to perform the following steps: The environmental control device receives start commands from the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism; In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms, so that the vertical circulation mechanism provides vertical airflow to the plant under test in the box through several ventilation holes on the bottom plate, and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms pushes the gas in the box to flow horizontally, so as to build a circulating airflow field in the box and make the gas components in the box evenly distributed. Prior to activating the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command, the following steps are further included: The environmental control device determines the longitudinal circulation distance based on the canopy diameter of the plant under test and the longitudinal distance of the incubator; wherein, the longitudinal distance is the distance between the bottom plate and the top cover, the longitudinal circulation distance is the distance that the gas in the chamber needs to move to complete one longitudinal circulation in the chamber, and the longitudinal circulation distance is the sum of the canopy diameter of the plant under test and twice the longitudinal distance; The environmental control device determines the target time required for the gas inside the chamber to complete one longitudinal circulation based on the longitudinal circulation distance and the starting speed of the vertical circulation mechanism; wherein, the target time is obtained by dividing the longitudinal circulation distance by the air outlet speed of the vertical circulation mechanism, and the air outlet speed of the vertical circulation mechanism is obtained by converting the starting speed; The activation of the vertical circulation mechanism and each group of the horizontal circulation mechanisms in response to the activation command includes: In response to the start command, the environmental control device activates the vertical circulation mechanism and begins timing. When the timing duration reaches the target duration threshold, it activates each group of horizontal circulation mechanisms. The target duration threshold is the product of the target duration and the set number of cycles.

5. The incubator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The incubator also includes: a handheld anemometer extension cable and an anemometer; One side of the extension cable of the handheld anemometer passes through the connecting component and connects to the environmental control device, and the other side connects to the anemometer. It is used to move the anemometer to the canopy position of the plant to be tested for wind speed measurement, and also to send the wind speed signal generated by the anemometer based on the wind speed to the environmental control device. The environmental control device is used to generate a corresponding wind speed value based on the wind speed signal and to display the wind speed value. The environmental control device is equipped with a wind speed control knob; the environmental control device is also used to receive wind speed control commands through the wind speed control knob, and control the rotation speed of the vertical circulation mechanism and the horizontal circulation mechanism according to the wind speed control commands.

6. The incubator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The incubator also includes: A vertical lighting fixture, with its bottom fixed to the connecting component; A horizontal lighting fixture is located above the top cover, slides vertically on the vertical lighting fixture, and is locked in place by a locking assembly; A beam lampshade is mounted on the horizontal lighting fixture and located directly above the top cover; A light source, disposed within the beam lamp cover and connected to the environmental control device, is used to transmit light to the plant under test through the Fresnel lens; A light sensor is embedded in the center of the base plate and connected to the environmental control device; The environmental control device is used to measure and display the light intensity via the light sensor. The environmental control device is equipped with a light intensity control knob; the environmental control device is also used to receive light intensity control commands through the light intensity control knob, and control the light intensity of the light source according to the light intensity control commands.

7. The incubator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The incubator also includes: a temperature and humidity sensor, an electric heating component, a cooling component, and a humidification component; The temperature and humidity sensor is located at the middle height position on the inner side of the side wall and is connected to the environmental control device; The electric heating component, the humidification component, and the cooling component are integrated within the base and are all connected to the environmental control device; The environmental control device is used to detect and display temperature and humidity via the temperature and humidity sensor; The environmental control device is equipped with a temperature control button and a humidity control button; the environmental control device is also used to receive temperature control instructions and humidity control instructions respectively through the temperature control button and the humidity control button, control the working state of the electric heating component and / or the cooling component according to the temperature control instruction, and control the working state of the humidification component according to the humidity control instruction.

8. The incubator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base includes an upper compartment and a lower compartment; an exhaust vent is provided on both the left and right sides of the lower compartment; The electric heating assembly includes an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire and the vertical circulation mechanism are disposed in the upper compartment, with the electric heating wire located below the vertical circulation mechanism; The humidification assembly includes two humidification sub-assemblies disposed on both sides of the upper compartment. Each humidification sub-assembly includes a water tank, a water-absorbing cotton column, and an atomizing nozzle. The bottom of the water-absorbing cotton column is placed in the water stored in the water tank, and the top of the water-absorbing cotton column is connected to the atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzle is connected to the environmental control device. The refrigeration component is disposed below the electric heating wire; The cooling assembly includes a semiconductor cooling chip, cold-end heat dissipation fins, and hot-end heat dissipation fins; wherein: The semiconductor cooling chip is disposed between the upper compartment and the lower compartment; The cold-end heat dissipation fins and the hot-end heat dissipation fins are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling chip, with the cold-end heat dissipation fins located in the upper compartment and the hot-end heat dissipation fins located in the lower compartment. Multiple cooling fans are provided on both sides of the hot end heat dissipation fins. The cooling fans are located at the same height as the exhaust vent, and the hot end heat dissipation fins dissipate heat through the cooling fans and the exhaust vent.

9. The incubator according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The incubator also includes: The air inlet and air outlet are provided on the side wall; An air intake valve is located between the air intake port and the external environment, and is used to transfer air from the external environment into the housing through the air intake port; A drying tube, connected to the inner end of the air inlet, is used to absorb moisture in the intake air; An exhaust valve is located between the exhaust port and the external environment. It is used to transmit gas from inside the chamber to the photosynthesis instrument so that the photosynthesis instrument can determine the photosynthetic rate of the plant under test based on the gas inside the chamber.

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