Equipment and process for forming irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipes

Abstract

This invention provides a forming device and process for irregularly shaped thin-walled reducer tubes. The forming device includes a tube expanding mechanism and a wall-reducing and sizing mechanism. The tube expanding mechanism includes a forming inner mold, a first driving component, two expanding outer molds, a second driving component, and a limiting component. The outer shape of the forming inner mold is adapted to the inner cavity of the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducer tube. When the two expanding outer molds are closed, they together form a cavity. The cavity wall shape is the same as the outer shape of the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducer tube. When the forming inner mold is inserted into the cavity, an expanding space is formed between the cavity wall and the forming inner mold. The limiting component is used to abut the end of the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducer tube blank to restrict the axial movement of the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducer tube blank. The wall-reducing and sizing mechanism has a wall-reducing through hole in the middle of the wall-reducing mold. The diameter of the wall-reducing through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the large-diameter tube, and the wall-reducing through hole is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold. Using this forming device, irregularly shaped thin-walled reducers that meet the design size requirements can be obtained, and there is no need for repeated loading, thus improving forming efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thin-walled tube technology, specifically to a forming equipment and process for irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tubes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hydraulic expansion or stamping dies are commonly used for forming pipes with irregular cross-sections and unequal diameters. Hydraulic expansion equipment requires a large investment and is difficult to consistently achieve the CPK requirement of ±0.02mm for the diameter shown in the drawing. It is also difficult to meet the requirements for reducing the wall thickness of the pipe, making it unsuitable for the production of such products. On the other hand, stamping dies require repeated loading of the pipe during the expansion and wall reduction processes, resulting in low forming efficiency for irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a molding equipment and process for irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tubes, which can produce irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tubes that meet design size requirements, and eliminates the need for repeated material loading, thereby improving the molding efficiency of irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tubes.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A forming equipment for irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipes includes a pipe expansion mechanism and a wall reduction and sizing mechanism arranged sequentially on a frame. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipe includes a small-diameter pipe and a large-diameter pipe connected axially.

[0006] The tube expansion mechanism includes a forming inner mold, a first driving component for driving the forming inner mold to move axially, two symmetrically arranged tube expansion outer molds, a second driving component for driving the two tube expansion outer molds to move towards or away from each other, and a limiting component. The shape of the forming inner mold is adapted to the inner cavity of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube. When the two tube expansion outer molds are closed, they together form a cavity into which the forming inner mold can be inserted. The shape of the cavity wall is the same as the shape of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube. When the forming inner mold is inserted into the cavity, a tube expansion space is formed between the cavity wall and the forming inner mold. The tube expansion space is the same as the shape of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube. The limiting component is located at the end of the tube expansion outer mold away from the first driving component. The limiting component is used to abut the end of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank to limit the axial movement of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank.

[0007] The wall reduction and sizing mechanism includes a wall reduction mold, and a wall reduction through hole is provided in the middle of the wall reduction mold. The diameter of the wall reduction through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the large-diameter pipe, and the wall reduction through hole is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold.

[0008] Preferably, the forming inner mold includes a small-diameter part and a large-diameter part connected axially. The shape of the small-diameter part is adapted to the inner cavity of the small-diameter tube, and the shape of the large-diameter part is adapted to the inner cavity of the large-diameter tube. The large-diameter part is connected to the first drive assembly.

[0009] The cavity includes a first chamber and a second chamber that are interconnected. The shape of the wall of the first chamber is the same as the shape of the small-diameter tube, and the shape of the wall of the second chamber is the same as the shape of the large-diameter section. The second chamber is close to the first drive assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting component includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks, which are respectively located at the ends of the two expanding tube outer molds away from the first driving component. When the two limiting blocks are combined, they form a limiting groove. The inner diameter of the limiting groove is greater than the diameter of the smaller diameter portion and less than the outer diameter of the smaller diameter tube.

[0011] Preferably, the cavity has a tapered inlet that gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the molding inner mold at one end near the first drive assembly.

[0012] Preferably, in the two expansion tube molds, one expansion tube mold is provided with a positioning rod, and the other expansion tube mold is provided with an insertion hole adapted to the positioning rod. The positioning rod and the insertion hole are respectively located on opposite sides of the two expansion tube molds.

[0013] Preferably, the wall-reducing and sizing mechanism is provided on the side away from the tube-expanding mechanism for removing the irregular thin-walled reducing tube from the forming inner mold.

[0014] Preferably, the demolding mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged demolding modules and a third drive component. When the two demolding modules are closed, they form a demolding through hole. The demolding through hole is coaxial with the forming inner mold. The inner diameter of the demolding through hole is greater than the maximum diameter of the forming inner mold and less than the outer diameter of the large-diameter pipe. The third drive component drives the two demolding modules to move towards or away from each other.

[0015] Preferably, the third drive assembly includes a fixed block, two symmetrically arranged drive blocks, and a cylinder for driving the two drive blocks to move up and down;

[0016] The fixing block is fixedly set on the side of the wall reduction mold away from the pipe expansion mechanism. The surface of the fixing block facing away from the wall reduction mold is provided with two vertical slides and one horizontal slide. The horizontal slide passes through the two vertical slides. The middle part of the fixing block is provided with a through hole that allows the irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipe to pass through. The through hole is set on the same axis as the forming inner mold.

[0017] Two drive blocks slide in two vertical slides respectively. The two drive blocks facing each other are provided with a first guide slope, and the two drive blocks facing away from each other are provided with a second guide slope.

[0018] Both detachment modules are provided with sliding parts that slide in the transverse slide rails. The middle of the sliding part is provided with a vertical through groove through which the drive block can pass. The inner side of the through groove is provided with a first mating slope that cooperates with the first guide slope, and the outer side of the through groove is provided with a second mating slope that cooperates with the second guide slope.

[0019] When the two drive blocks move downward along the two vertical slides, the first guide slope abuts against the first mating slope to close the two ejector modules. When the two drive blocks move upward along the two vertical slides, the second guide slope abuts against the second mating slope to separate the two ejector modules.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes an oil spraying mechanism mounted on the frame, wherein the oil outlet pipe of the oil spraying mechanism is connected to the cavity.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a forming process for irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipes, which uses the forming equipment for irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipes according to any one of the above claims, and the forming process includes the following steps:

[0022] First, the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe material is fitted onto a small-diameter section of the forming inner mold. Then, the second driving component drives the two expanding outer molds to move towards each other, causing the two expanding outer molds to close together. The limiting component moves with the expanding outer molds, and the two expanding outer molds close together to form a cavity. Then, the first driving component drives the forming inner mold to move axially, so that the forming inner mold with the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe material is inserted into the cavity. When the end face of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe material abuts against the limiting component, the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe material stops moving, and the forming inner mold continues to move axially, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe material is forcibly expanded by the forming inner mold, and an irregular thin-walled reducing pipe semi-finished product is formed in the expansion space between the cavity wall and the forming inner mold.

[0023] Subsequently, the two outer expansion molds are driven to move in opposite directions by the second driving component, causing the two outer expansion molds to separate and the limiting component to be removed. Then, the inner forming mold is driven to continue to move axially by the first driving component, so that the inner forming mold with the semi-finished irregular thin-walled reducer tube is inserted through the wall reduction through hole in the middle of the wall reduction mold to obtain the finished irregular thin-walled reducer tube.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The forming equipment for irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipes includes a pipe expanding mechanism and a wall reducing and sizing mechanism. The pipe expanding mechanism includes an axially movable forming inner mold, two pipe expanding outer molds that can move towards or away from each other, and a limiting component for limiting the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe. The wall reducing and sizing mechanism includes a wall reducing mold with a wall reducing through hole. When the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe blank, which is sleeved on the forming inner mold, moves axially with the forming inner mold to the cavity between the two pipe expanding outer molds and the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe blank abuts the limiting component, the pipe... The shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank stops moving while the forming inner mold continues to move, causing the shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank to be expanded in the expansion space between the cavity wall and the forming inner mold, realizing the reduction of the diameter of the tube fittings. After the expansion, the expansion outer mold and the limiting component are reset, and the forming inner mold continues to move axially and drives the shaped thin-walled reducing tube to pass through the wall reduction through hole to complete the wall reduction of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube. The wall reduction process is stable, and the wall thickness and diameter are controlled, so that the shaped thin-walled reducing tube that meets the design size requirements can be obtained.

[0026] (2) When the inner mold moves axially, the pipe is extruded in the wall reduction mold. Then, the wall reduction and sizing mechanism is used to reduce the wall and sizing, which helps to reduce the investment cost of the equipment. Moreover, the special-shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipe forming equipment integrates the pipe expansion process, the wall reduction process and the sizing process into one machine. Multiple processes are completed in one loading, which reduces the number of repeated loading, reduces the cumulative tolerance, and improves the forming efficiency. Operators only need to load the material once. The rest of the processes are completed automatically by the equipment. The operation is simple. Ordinary employees can quickly master the operation method through simple training, which helps to shorten the on-the-job training time and improve economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pipe expansion mechanism, wall reduction and sizing mechanism, demolding mechanism and oil spraying mechanism in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipe forming equipment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner forming mold in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer mold for expanding the tube located on the right side in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer mold for expanding the tube located on the left side in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner forming mold, the outer expanding mold, and the limiting block in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipe forming equipment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wall-reducing mold in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 For along Figure 9 Sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting block in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting block in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the demolding mechanism in the demolding separation state of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the demolding mechanism in the mold-closing state of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing block in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the two mold-opening and mold-closing states in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube passing through the stripping module in the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment of the present invention.

[0044] Attached image labels:

[0045] 100-Expanding mechanism; 101-Forming inner mold; 1011-Small diameter section; 1012-Large diameter section; 102-Expanding outer mold; 1021-Cavity; 1021a-First chamber; 1021b-Second chamber; 1022-Conical inlet; 1023-Positioning rod; 1024-Insertion hole; 103-Expanding space; 104-First electric cylinder; 105-Second electric cylinder; 106-Limiting block; 1061-Limiting groove; 107-Guide rail; 108-Slider;

[0046] 200 - Wall reduction and sizing mechanism; 201 - Wall reduction die; 2011 - Wall reduction through hole;

[0047] 300 - Demolding mechanism; 301 - Fixing block; 3011 - Vertical slide rail; 3012 - Horizontal slide rail; 3013 - Through hole; 302 - Driving block; 3021 - First guide slope; 3022 - Second guide slope; 303 - Demolding module; 3031 - Sliding part; 3031a - Through groove; 3031b - First mating slope; 3031c - Second mating slope; 3032 - Demolding through hole; 304 - Cylinder;

[0048] 400 - Fuel injection mechanism; 401 - Fuel outlet pipe;

[0049] 500 - Irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe; 501 - Small diameter pipe; 502 - Large diameter pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] See Figures 2 to 10 This invention provides a forming device for irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipes, which is used to form such... Figure 1The aforementioned irregular thin-walled reducing pipe 500 includes a small-diameter pipe 501 and a large-diameter pipe 502 connected axially. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the small-diameter pipe 501 is 6.5±0.02mm and the wall thickness is 0.2~0.22mm, the outer diameter of the large-diameter pipe 502 is 7±0.02mm and the wall thickness is 0.18~0.2mm, and the cross-section of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe 500 is D-shaped.

[0053] The equipment for forming irregular thin-walled variable diameter pipes includes a pipe expansion mechanism 100 and a wall reduction and sizing mechanism 200 arranged sequentially on a frame;

[0054] The tube expansion mechanism 100 includes a forming inner mold 101, a first driving assembly for axial movement of the forming inner mold 101, two symmetrically arranged expanding outer molds 102, a second driving assembly for moving the two expanding outer molds 102 towards or away from each other, and a limiting assembly. The shape of the forming inner mold 101 is adapted to the inner cavity of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube 500. When the two expanding outer molds 102 are closed, they together form a cavity 1021 into which the forming inner mold 101 can be inserted. The cavity wall shape is the same as the outer shape of the shaped thin-walled reducer tube 500. When the inner mold 101 is inserted into the cavity 1021, the cavity wall of the cavity 1021 and the inner mold 101 form an expansion space 103. The expansion space 103 is the same as the shape of the shaped thin-walled reducer tube 500. The limiting component is set at the end of the expansion outer mold 102 away from the first driving component. The limiting component is used to abut the end of the shaped thin-walled reducer tube blank to limit the axial movement of the shaped thin-walled reducer tube blank.

[0055] The wall reduction and sizing mechanism 200 includes a wall reduction mold 201. The wall reduction mold 201 has a wall reduction through hole 2011 in the middle. The diameter of the wall reduction through hole 2011 is equal to the outer diameter of the large diameter pipe 502. The wall reduction through hole 2011 is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold 101.

[0056] The process of forming irregular thin-walled reducer tubes using this equipment is as follows: First, the irregular thin-walled reducer tube blank (outer diameter 6.5mm, wall thickness 0.22mm) is fitted onto the smaller diameter section of the forming inner mold 101. Then, the second drive assembly drives the two expanding outer molds 102 to move towards each other, causing the two expanding outer molds 102 to close, and the limiting assembly moves with the expanding outer molds 102. The two expanding outer molds 102 close to form a cavity 1021. Then, the first drive assembly drives the forming inner mold 101 to move axially, causing the forming inner mold with the irregular thin-walled reducer tube blank to close. When 101 is inserted into cavity 1021, and the end face of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank abuts against the limiting component, the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank stops moving, and the forming inner mold 101 continues to move axially, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank is forcibly expanded by the forming inner mold 101, and an irregular thin-walled reducing tube semi-finished product (the outer diameter of the small diameter section is 6.5 mm and the wall thickness is 0.22 mm, and the outer diameter of the large diameter section is 7.1~7.2 mm and the wall thickness is 0.22 mm) is formed in the tube expansion space 103 between the cavity wall of cavity 1021 and the forming inner mold 101.

[0057] Subsequently, the two expanding outer molds 102 are driven to move in opposite directions by the second driving component, causing them to separate and the limiting component to be removed. Then, the forming inner mold 101 is driven by the first driving component to continue moving axially, so that the forming inner mold 101, on which the irregular thin-walled reducer semi-finished product is fitted, passes through the wall-reducing through hole 2011 in the middle of the wall-reducing mold 201 to obtain the irregular thin-walled reducer finished product. The diameter of the wall-reducing through hole 2011 is 7mm. The irregular thin-walled reducer semi-finished product undergoes plastic deformation under the internal and external extrusion of the forming inner mold 101 and the wall-reducing through hole 2011. The outer diameter of the large diameter section is reduced to 7mm, and the wall thickness is also reduced to 0.2mm, reaching the designed size. At this time, the obtained irregular thin-walled reducer finished product has Figure 1 The dimensions shown.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first driving component is a first electric cylinder 104, which drives the inner molding mold 101 to move axially. The second driving component consists of two second electric cylinders 105, which are respectively connected to two outer expansion molds 102 to enable the two outer expansion molds 102 to move towards or away from each other. The first electric cylinder 104 and the second electric cylinder 105 can be replaced with hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders. The advantage of electric cylinders is that, as a power source, the stroke can be precisely controlled in segments, enabling data visualization and facilitating debugging and production.

[0059] The forming equipment for irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipes includes a pipe expanding mechanism 100 and a wall reducing and sizing mechanism 200. The pipe expanding mechanism 100 includes an axially movable forming inner mold 101, two pipe expanding outer molds 102 that can move towards or away from each other, and a limiting component for limiting the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe 500. The wall reducing and sizing mechanism 200 includes a wall reducing mold 201 with a wall reducing through hole 2011. The irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe blank, which is sleeved on the forming inner mold 101, moves axially with the forming inner mold 101 to the cavity 1021 between the two pipe expanding outer molds 102, and the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing pipe blank abuts against the cavity 1021. When the limiting component is in operation, the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank stops moving while the forming inner mold 101 continues to move, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank is expanded in the tube expansion space 103 between the cavity wall of the cavity 1021 and the forming inner mold 101, realizing the tube diameter reduction of different diameters. After tube expansion, the tube expansion outer mold 102 and the limiting component are reset, and the forming inner mold 101 continues to move axially and drives the irregular thin-walled reducing tube to pass through the wall reduction through hole 2011 to complete the wall reduction of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube. The wall reduction process is stable, the wall thickness and diameter are controlled, and the irregular thin-walled reducing tube that meets the design size requirements can be obtained.

[0060] When the inner mold 101 moves axially, it drives the pipe fitting to be extruded in the wall reduction mold 201. Then, the wall reduction and sizing mechanism 200 realizes the wall reduction and sizing, which helps to reduce the investment cost of equipment. Moreover, the special-shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipe forming equipment integrates the pipe expansion process, the wall reduction process and the sizing process into one machine. Multiple processes are completed in one loading, reducing the number of repeated loading and reducing the cumulative tolerance. Operators only need to load the material once, and the rest of the process is completed automatically by the equipment. The operation is simple, and ordinary employees can quickly master the operation method with simple training, which helps to shorten the on-the-job training time and improve economic efficiency.

[0061] For details, see Figure 4 The forming inner mold 101 includes a small diameter portion 1011 and a large diameter portion 1012 connected axially. The shape of the small diameter portion 1011 is adapted to the inner cavity of the small diameter tube 501. The small diameter portion 1011 is the small diameter section of the forming inner mold 101. The shape of the large diameter portion 1012 is adapted to the inner cavity of the large diameter tube 502. The large diameter portion 1012 is the large diameter section of the forming inner mold 101. The large diameter portion 1012 is connected to the first driving component. The small diameter portion 1011 can be fitted with a shaped thin-walled variable diameter tube blank (outer diameter of 6.5 mm and wall thickness of 0.22 mm). Initially, the shaped thin-walled variable diameter tube blank is fitted on the small diameter portion 1011. As the forming inner mold 101 moves, the tube expands and the wall thickness is reduced and the diameter is fixed. During the tube expansion process, the end face of the small diameter portion 1011 abuts against the limiting component.

[0062] See Figure 5The cavity 1021 includes a first chamber 1021a and a second chamber 1021b that are interconnected. The shape of the cavity wall of the first chamber 1021a is the same as the shape of the small diameter tube 501. The shape of the cavity wall of the second chamber 1021b is the same as the shape of the large diameter part 1012. The second chamber 1021b is close to the first drive assembly. When the molding inner mold 101, which is fitted with the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube blank, is inserted into the cavity 1021, it first enters the second chamber 1021b and then enters the first chamber 1021a.

[0063] Preferred, see Figures 5 to 7 To facilitate the entry of the molding inner mold 101 containing the irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tube blank into the cavity 1021, a tapered inlet 1022 that gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the molding inner mold 101 is provided at one end of the cavity 1021 near the first drive assembly. The diameter of the tapered inlet 1022 at the end near the first drive assembly is greater than or equal to the diameter of the second chamber 1021b, so that the molding inner mold 101 containing the irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter tube blank does not need to be precisely aligned when entering the cavity 1021, thus improving the error tolerance.

[0064] See Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 In this embodiment, the limiting component includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks 106. The two limiting blocks 106 are respectively disposed at the ends of the two expanding outer molds 102 away from the first driving component. When the two limiting blocks 106 are combined, they form a limiting groove 1061. The inner diameter of the limiting groove 1061 is larger than the diameter of the small diameter portion 1011 and smaller than the outer diameter of the small diameter tube 501 of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe, so that the small diameter portion 1011 of the forming inner mold 101 can enter the limiting groove 1061. The outer diameter and wall thickness of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe blank are the same as the outer diameter and wall thickness of the small diameter tube 501. The inner diameter of the limiting groove 1061 is smaller than the outer diameter of the small diameter tube 501 of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe blank cannot enter the limiting groove 1061 but abuts against the limiting block 106, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe blank stops moving, thereby restricting the movement of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe blank. Two limiting blocks 106 are respectively set on the two expanding outer molds 102, that is, one expanding outer mold 102 is connected to one limiting block 106. When the two expanding outer molds 102 are closed, they can drive the two limiting blocks 106 to move towards each other and merge. When the two expanding outer molds 102 are separated, they drive the two limiting blocks 106 to separate, without affecting the movement of the forming inner mold 101 towards the wall reduction and sizing mechanism.

[0065] Preferably, to ensure the alignment of the two expanding outer molds 102 during mold closing, one of the expanding outer molds 102 is provided with a positioning rod 1023, and the other expanding outer mold 102 is provided with an insertion hole 1024 adapted to the positioning rod 1023. The positioning rod 1023 and the insertion hole 1024 are respectively located on opposite sides of the two expanding outer molds 102. See [reference needed] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The positioning rod 1023 is set on the surface of the right expansion mold 102 near the left expansion mold 102, and the insertion hole 1024 is set on the surface of the left expansion mold 102 near the right expansion mold 102. When the two expansion molds 102 on the left and right sides are closed, the positioning rod 1023 of the right expansion mold 102 is inserted into the insertion hole 1024 of the left expansion mold 102 to avoid the positional displacement of the two expansion molds 102 when they are closed, which would affect the expansion effect.

[0066] Preferred, see Figure 3 The frame is equipped with a guide rail 107, and two sliders 108 are slidably mounted on the guide rail 107. Two expansion tube molds 102 are respectively mounted on the opposite surfaces of the two sliders 108. A second electric cylinder 105 is connected to the opposite sides of the two sliders 108. When the second electric cylinder 105 is running, it drives the sliders 108 to move along the guide rail 107, and the expansion tube molds 102 on the sliders 108 move accordingly. The arrangement of the sliders 108 and the guide rail 107 can further prevent the position of the two expansion tube molds 102 from shifting when the molds are closed.

[0067] Preferred, see Figure 10 The diameter of the middle section of the wall reduction through hole 2011 is equal to the outer diameter of the large diameter pipe 502. The front and rear sections of the wall reduction through hole 2011 are symmetrically tapered. The tapered structure gradually decreases from the outside to the inside. The tapered structure facilitates the entry of the forming inner mold 101, which is fitted with the semi-finished product of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe, into the middle section of the wall reduction through hole 2011 during the wall reduction and sizing process. It also facilitates the exit of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe from the wall reduction mold 201 after the wall reduction and sizing process is completed.

[0068] Preferred, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 , Figures 13 to 16The wall-reducing and sizing mechanism 200 is provided on the side away from the tube-expanding mechanism 100, for removing the shaped thin-walled reducer tube 500 from the forming inner mold 101. The finished shaped thin-walled reducer tube, which has completed wall-reducing and sizing in the wall-reducing and sizing mechanism 200, continues to move axially with the forming inner mold 101. The entire finished shaped thin-walled reducer tube passes through the wall-reducing through hole 2011 of the wall-reducing mold 201 in the wall-reducing and sizing mechanism 200. The shaped thin-walled reducer tube 500 is removed from the forming inner mold 101 by the demolding mechanism 300, completing the demolding. The forming inner mold 101 moves axially in the opposite direction to reset, and the forming of the next shaped thin-walled reducer tube can be carried out. The forming inner mold 101 moves axially, causing the pipe to be extruded within the wall-reducing mold 201 to achieve pipe expansion. Then, the wall-reducing and sizing mechanism 200 reduces the wall thickness and sizing the pipe. Finally, the demolding mechanism 300 demolds the pipe. This special-shaped thin-walled variable-diameter pipe forming equipment integrates the pipe expansion, wall-reducing, sizing, and demolding processes into one machine, which helps reduce equipment investment costs. After one loading, the forming inner mold 101 can complete multiple processing steps in a single axial movement, reducing the number of repeated loadings and lowering cumulative tolerances. Operators only need to load the material once; the remaining processes are completed automatically by the equipment. Operation is simple, and ordinary employees can quickly master the operation method through simple training, which helps shorten on-the-job training time and improve economic efficiency.

[0069] In this embodiment, the demolding mechanism 300 includes two symmetrically arranged demolding modules 303 and a third driving component. When the two demolding modules 303 are closed, they form a demolding through hole 3032. The demolding through hole 3032 is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold 101. The inner diameter of the demolding through hole 3032 is larger than the maximum diameter of the forming inner mold 101 and smaller than the outer diameter of the large diameter tube 502. The third driving component drives the two demolding modules 303 to move towards or away from each other. The shaped thin-walled reducing pipe, after undergoing wall reduction and sizing in the wall reduction and sizing mechanism 200, continues to move axially with the forming inner mold 101. The entire shaped thin-walled reducing pipe passes through the wall reduction through hole 2011 of the wall reduction mold 201 in the wall reduction and sizing mechanism 200, and the end of the shaped thin-walled reducing pipe (i.e., the end of the shaped thin-walled reducing pipe closer to the first driving component, which is also the end of the large-diameter pipe 502) passes through the area between the two release modules 303. Then, the third driving component drives the two release modules 303 to move towards each other, so that the two release modules... Module 303 is fitted onto the end of the forming inner mold 101. At this time, since the inner diameter of the demolding through hole 3032 is greater than the maximum diameter of the forming inner mold 101 and smaller than the outer diameter of the large diameter tube 502, the forming inner mold 101 can pass through the demolding through hole 3032 while the large diameter tube 502 of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube cannot pass through. When the first driving component drives the forming inner mold 101 to move in the opposite direction, the end of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube abuts against the demolding module 303 until the forming inner mold 101 completely leaves the irregular thin-walled reducing tube, after which the irregular thin-walled reducing tube completes demolding.

[0070] Specifically, the third drive assembly includes a fixed block 301, two symmetrically arranged drive blocks 302, and a cylinder 304 that drives the two drive blocks 302 to move up and down.

[0071] The fixing block 301 is fixedly installed on the side of the wall reduction mold 201 away from the tube expansion mechanism 100. The surface of the fixing block 301 facing away from the wall reduction mold 201 is provided with two vertical slides 3011 and one horizontal slide 3012. The horizontal slide 3012 passes through the two vertical slides 3011. The middle part of the fixing block 301 is provided with a through hole 3013 for the passage of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube 500. The through hole 3013 is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold 101.

[0072] Two drive blocks 302 slide in two vertical slide rails 3011 respectively. The two drive blocks 302 have a first guide slope 3021 on the side facing each other and a second guide slope 3022 on the side facing away from each other.

[0073] Both detachment modules 303 are provided with sliding parts 3031 that slide within the transverse slide rail 3012. The middle of the sliding part 3031 is provided with a vertical through groove 3031a through which the drive block 302 can pass. The inner side of the through groove 3031a is provided with a first mating inclined surface 3031b that mates with the first guide inclined surface 3021, and the outer side of the through groove 3031a is provided with a second mating inclined surface 3031c that mates with the second guide inclined surface 3022.

[0074] When the two drive blocks 302 move downward along the two vertical slides 3011, the first guide slope 3021 abuts against the first mating slope 3031b to make the two release modules 303 close. When the two drive blocks 302 move upward along the two vertical slides 3011, the second guide slope 3022 abuts against the second mating slope 3031c to make the two release modules 303 separate.

[0075] After the wall reduction and sizing process is completed, the first drive assembly continues to drive the forming inner mold 101 forward until the irregular thin-walled reducing tube completely passes through the area between the two release molds 303, as shown. Figure 13 and Figure 17 At this time, the first driving assembly, cylinder 304, pushes the two driving blocks 302 downward. The first guide slopes of the two driving blocks 302 abut against and continue to move downward, pressing the first mating slope 3031b of the demolding module 303, causing the two demolding modules 303 to move towards each other. The two demolding modules 303 close the mold. After the two demolding modules 303 close the mold, there is a very small gap between the demolding through hole 3032 and the forming inner mold 101, which allows the forming inner mold 101 to pass freely. However, the irregular thin-walled reducing tube on the forming inner mold 1 is blocked and cannot pass through. Figure 14 and Figure 16After cylinder 304 moves downward to its designated position, the first drive assembly begins to drive the inner mold 101 to retract and return to its original position. As the inner mold 101 retracts, the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing tube will detach from it due to the blocking effect of the two ejector blocks 303. A receiving box can be provided below the ejection position to collect the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing tube. When the first drive assembly retracts to its initial position, cylinder 304 drives the two drive blocks 302 to rise and reset, driving the two ejector blocks 303 to separate and open. At this point, the ejection process is complete, and the next cycle can begin.

[0076] Preferably, the device also includes an oil spraying mechanism 400 mounted on the frame, with an oil outlet pipe 401 connected to the cavity 1021. The oil spraying mechanism 400 provides lubrication for the tube expansion process. As the inner mold 101 continues to extend forward along the cavity 1021, the oil spraying mechanism 400 sprays an appropriate amount of lubricating oil into the cavity 1021 at a set stroke position to reduce friction between the blank and the outer mold of the tube expansion process, thus preventing damage to the appearance of the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing tube.

[0077] Working principle:

[0078] First, the irregularly shaped thin-walled variable-diameter tube blank (outer diameter 6.5mm, wall thickness 0.22mm) is fitted onto the smaller diameter section of the forming inner mold 101. Then, the second driving component drives the two expanding outer molds 102 to move towards each other, causing the two expanding outer molds 102 to close, and the limiting component moves with the expanding outer molds 102. The two expanding outer molds 102 close to form a cavity 1021. Then, the first driving component drives the forming inner mold 101 to move axially, causing the forming inner mold 101 with the irregularly shaped thin-walled variable-diameter tube blank fitted onto it to be inserted into the cavity 1021. Inside 21, when the end face of the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank abuts against the limiting component, the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank stops moving, and the forming inner mold 101 continues to move axially, so that the irregular thin-walled reducing tube blank is forcibly expanded by the forming inner mold 101, and an irregular thin-walled reducing tube semi-finished product (the outer diameter of the small diameter section is 6.5mm and the wall thickness is 0.22mm, and the outer diameter of the large diameter section is 7.1~7.2mm and the wall thickness is 0.22mm) is formed in the tube expansion space 103 between the cavity wall of the cavity 1021 and the forming inner mold 101.

[0079] Subsequently, the two expanding outer molds 102 are driven to move in opposite directions by the second driving component, causing them to separate and the limiting component to be removed. Then, the forming inner mold 101 is driven by the first driving component to continue moving axially, so that the forming inner mold 101, on which the irregular thin-walled reducer semi-finished product is fitted, passes through the wall-reducing through hole 2011 in the middle of the wall-reducing mold 201 to obtain the irregular thin-walled reducer finished product. The diameter of the wall-reducing through hole 2011 is 7mm. The irregular thin-walled reducer semi-finished product undergoes plastic deformation under the internal and external extrusion of the forming inner mold 101 and the wall-reducing through hole 2011. The outer diameter of the large diameter section is reduced to 7mm, and the wall thickness is also reduced to 0.2mm, reaching the designed size. At this time, the obtained irregular thin-walled reducer finished product has Figure 1 The dimensions shown;

[0080] After the wall reduction and sizing process is completed, the first drive assembly continues to drive the forming inner mold 101 forward until the irregular thin-walled reducing tube completely passes through the area between the two release molds 303, as shown. Figure 13 and Figure 17 At this time, the first driving assembly, cylinder 304, pushes the two driving blocks 302 downward. The first guide slopes of the two driving blocks 302 abut against and continue to move downward, pressing the first mating slope 3031b of the demolding module 303, causing the two demolding modules 303 to move towards each other. The two demolding modules 303 close the mold. After the two demolding modules 303 close the mold, there is a very small gap between the demolding through hole 3032 and the forming inner mold 101, which allows the forming inner mold 101 to pass freely. However, the irregular thin-walled reducing tube on the forming inner mold 1 is blocked and cannot pass through. Figure 14 and Figure 16 After cylinder 304 moves downward to its designated position, the first drive assembly begins to drive the inner mold 101 to retract and return to its original position. As the inner mold 101 retracts, the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing tube will detach from it due to the blocking effect of the two ejector blocks 303. A receiving box can be provided below the ejection position to collect the irregularly shaped thin-walled reducing tube. When the first drive assembly retracts to its initial position, cylinder 304 drives the two drive blocks 302 to rise and reset, driving the two ejector blocks 303 to separate and open. At this point, the ejection process is complete, and the next cycle can begin.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming equipment for irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipes, characterized in that, It includes a tube expansion mechanism (100) and a wall reduction and sizing mechanism (200) arranged sequentially on the frame. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube (500) includes a small diameter tube (501) and a large diameter tube (502) connected axially. The tube expanding mechanism (100) includes a forming inner mold (101), a first driving component for driving the forming inner mold (101) to move axially, two symmetrically arranged tube expanding outer molds (102), a second driving component for driving the two tube expanding outer molds (102) to move towards or away from each other, and a limiting component. The shape of the forming inner mold (101) is adapted to the inner cavity of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe (500). When the two tube expanding outer molds (102) are closed, they together form a cavity (1021) into which the forming inner mold (101) can be inserted. The cavity wall of the cavity (1021) The shape is the same as that of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube (500). When the forming inner mold (101) is inserted into the cavity (1021), an expansion space (103) is formed between the cavity wall of the cavity (1021) and the forming inner mold (101). The expansion space (103) is the same as that of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube (500). The limiting component is disposed at the end of the expanding outer mold (102) away from the first driving component. The limiting component is used to abut the end of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank to limit the axial movement of the shaped thin-walled reducing tube blank. The wall reduction and sizing mechanism (200) includes a wall reduction mold (201), and a wall reduction through hole (2011) is provided in the middle of the wall reduction mold (201). The diameter of the wall reduction through hole (2011) is equal to the outer diameter of the large diameter pipe (502). The wall reduction through hole (2011) is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold (101).

2. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forming inner mold (101) includes a small diameter portion (1011) and a large diameter portion (1012) connected axially. The shape of the small diameter portion (1011) is adapted to the inner cavity of the small diameter tube (501), and the shape of the large diameter portion (1012) is adapted to the inner cavity of the large diameter tube (502). The large diameter portion (1012) is connected to the first driving assembly. The cavity (1021) includes a first chamber (1021a) and a second chamber (1021b) that are interconnected. The shape of the cavity wall of the first chamber (1021a) is the same as the shape of the small-diameter tube (501), and the shape of the cavity wall of the second chamber (1021b) is the same as the shape of the large-diameter portion (1012). The second chamber (1021b) is close to the first drive assembly.

3. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks (106). The two limiting blocks (106) are respectively disposed at the ends of the two expanding tube outer molds (102) away from the first driving component. When the two limiting blocks (106) are combined, they form a limiting groove (1061). The inner diameter of the limiting groove (1061) is larger than the diameter of the small diameter portion (1011) and smaller than the outer diameter of the small diameter tube (501).

4. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity (1021) has a tapered inlet (1022) that gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the molding inner mold (101) at one end near the first drive assembly.

5. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Of the two expansion tube molds (102), one expansion tube mold (102) is provided with a positioning rod (1023), and the other expansion tube mold (102) is provided with an insertion hole (1024) adapted to the positioning rod (1023). The positioning rod (1023) and the insertion hole (1024) are respectively located on opposite sides of the two expansion tube molds (102).

6. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall-reducing and sizing mechanism (200) is provided with a demolding mechanism (300) on the side away from the tube expanding mechanism (100) for removing the irregular thin-walled reducing tube (500) from the forming inner mold (101).

7. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The demolding mechanism (300) includes two symmetrically arranged demolding modules (303) and a third driving component. When the two demolding modules (303) are closed, they form a demolding through hole (3032). The demolding through hole (3032) is coaxially arranged with the forming inner mold (101). The inner diameter of the demolding through hole (3032) is larger than the maximum diameter of the forming inner mold (101) and smaller than the outer diameter of the large diameter tube (502). The third driving component drives the two demolding modules (303) to move towards or away from each other.

8. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third drive assembly includes a fixed block (301), two symmetrically arranged drive blocks (302), and a cylinder (304) for driving the two drive blocks (302) to move up and down; The fixing block (301) is fixedly disposed on the side of the wall-reducing mold (201) away from the tube expansion mechanism (100). The fixing block (301) has two vertical slides (3011) and one horizontal slide (3012) on the surface of the fixing block (301) facing away from the wall-reducing mold (201). The horizontal slide (3012) passes through the two vertical slides (3011). The fixing block (301) has a through hole (3013) in the middle for the irregular thin-walled reducing tube (500) to pass through. The through hole (3013) is coaxially disposed with the forming inner mold (101). The two drive blocks (302) slide in the two vertical slides (3011) respectively. The two drive blocks (302) have a first guide slope (3021) on the side facing each other and a second guide slope (3022) on the side facing away from each other. Both of the aforementioned disengagement modules (303) are provided with a sliding part (3031) that slides within the transverse slide rail (3012). The middle part of the sliding part (3031) is provided with a vertical through groove (3031a) through which the driving block (302) can pass. The inner side of the through groove (3031a) is provided with a first mating inclined surface (3031b) that mates with the first guide inclined surface (3021), and the outer side of the through groove (3031a) is provided with a second mating inclined surface (3031c) that mates with the second guide inclined surface (3022). When the two drive blocks (302) move downward along the two vertical slides (3011), the first guide slope (3021) abuts against the first mating slope (3031b) to close the two release modules (303). When the two drive blocks (302) move upward along the two vertical slides (3011), the second guide slope (3022) abuts against the second mating slope (3031c) to separate the two release modules (303).

9. The irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an oil spraying mechanism (400) mounted on the frame, wherein the oil outlet pipe (401) of the oil spraying mechanism (400) is connected to the cavity (1021).

10. A forming process for irregularly shaped thin-walled variable diameter pipes, characterized in that, The forming process of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe uses the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe forming equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the forming process of the irregular thin-walled reducing pipe includes the following steps: First, the irregularly shaped thin-walled variable-diameter tube blank is fitted onto the smaller diameter section of the forming inner mold (101). Then, the second driving component drives the two expanding outer molds (102) to move towards each other, causing the two expanding outer molds (102) to close together. The limiting component moves with the expanding outer molds (102), and the two expanding outer molds (102) close together to form a cavity (1021). Then, the first driving component drives the forming inner mold (101) to move axially, so that the irregularly shaped thin-walled tube blank is fitted onto the cavity. The forming inner mold (101) of the variable diameter tube blank is inserted into the cavity (1021). When the end face of the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube blank abuts the limiting component, the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube blank stops moving, and the forming inner mold (101) continues to move axially, so that the irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube blank is forcibly expanded by the forming inner mold (101), and an irregular thin-walled variable diameter tube semi-finished product is formed in the tube expansion space (103) between the cavity wall of the cavity (1021) and the forming inner mold (101); Subsequently, the two outer expansion molds (102) are driven to move in opposite directions by the second driving component, causing the two outer expansion molds (102) to separate and the limiting component to be removed. Then, the inner forming mold (101) is driven to continue to move axially by the first driving component, so that the inner forming mold (101) with the irregular thin-walled reducer pipe semi-finished product is passed through the wall reduction through hole (2011) in the middle of the wall reduction mold (201) to obtain the irregular thin-walled reducer pipe finished product.

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