Single-screw extruder and self-meshing extrusion equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a single-screw extrusion device and a self-meshing extrusion equipment. The single-screw extrusion device includes a screw and a barrel. The screw passes through the barrel and meshes with it. The profiles of both the barrel and the screw are composed of alternating epicycloids and incycloids. The epicycloid of the screw is N1N2, and the incycloid of the screw is N2N3. The epicycloid of the barrel is M1M2, and the incycloid of the barrel is M2M3. The number of screw heads is Q, and the number of barrel heads is Q+1. The number of heads Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: r1=(r2+r3)*Q, r1"=(r2"+r3")*(Q+1). The volume enclosed by the screw and the barrel changes periodically, causing the material to be continuously squeezed and stretched within the screw channel, accelerating the melting, plasticizing, and mixing of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extrusion molding technology, and more particularly to a single-screw extrusion device and a self-meshing extrusion equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Injection molding machines and extruders are common polymer processing equipment. They use a screw to push molten material to extrude it. Existing injection molding machines and extruders mainly use a single screw to drive the material movement. They have a simple structure and low processing cost. However, a single screw only performs laminar flow mixing, which has limited mixing efficiency, prolongs the production cycle, and increases energy consumption and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, this invention provides a single-screw extruder that can accelerate material melting, plasticizing, and mixing, shorten the production cycle, and save energy and reduce consumption.

[0004] The present invention also proposes a self-meshing extrusion device having the above-mentioned single-screw extrusion device.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a single-screw extrusion apparatus is provided, comprising a screw and a barrel, the screw passing through the barrel and engaging with the barrel, wherein the profiles of both the barrel and the screw are composed of alternating epicycloids and incycloids; the origin is established as... The horizontal axis is The vertical axis is In a Cartesian coordinate system with axes, a first circle, a second circle, a third circle, a fourth circle, a fifth circle, and a sixth circle are defined, with the center of the first circle and the center of the fourth circle both set at the origin. The epicycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the second circle when the second circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the first circle; the intracycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the third circle when the third circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the first circle; the epicycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle when the fifth circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the fourth circle; the intracycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the sixth circle when the sixth circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the fourth circle; wherein, the epicycloid of the screw is... The cycloid of the screw is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The epicycloid of the barrel is The inner cycloid of the barrel is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The radii of the first circle, the second circle, the third circle, the fourth circle, the fifth circle, and the sixth circle are, in order, [missing information]. , , , , and The number of screw heads is The number of heads in the barrel is , number of heads For positive integers greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: = , = ;

[0006] curve The equation is: ;

[0007] in ;

[0008] curve The equation is: ;

[0009] in ;

[0010] curve The equation is ;

[0011] in ;

[0012] curve The equation is: ;

[0013] in .

[0014] The single-screw extrusion device of this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the screw passes through the barrel, and the profiles of both the screw and the barrel are composed of alternating epicycloids and incycloids. The epicycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the second circle when the second circle performs tangential rolling motion without slippage outside the first circle; the incycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the third circle when the third circle performs tangential rolling motion without slippage inside the first circle; the epicycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle when the fifth circle performs tangential rolling motion without slippage outside the fourth circle; the incycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the sixth circle when the sixth circle performs tangential rolling motion without slippage inside the fourth circle. The radii of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth circles are respectively: , , , , and The number of screw threads is The number of barrel heads is , number of heads For positive integers greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: = , = By defining curves ,curve ,curve and curve This design ensures that the screw and barrel remain engaged, achieving self-cleaning of both. Furthermore, as the screw rotates, the volume enclosed by the screw and barrel changes periodically, causing the material to be continuously compressed and stretched within the screw channel. This accelerates the melting, plasticizing, and mixing of the material, thereby shortening the production cycle and saving energy.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the screw has 2 heads and the barrel has 3 heads.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the screw has 3 heads and the barrel has 4 heads.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the screw and the barrel are tapered.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a self-meshing extrusion apparatus is provided, including a single-screw extrusion apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] The self-meshing extrusion device of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by setting the single screw extrusion device of the first aspect of the present invention, the output of materials can be facilitated. The materials are pushed and conveyed in the sealed cavity. The volume pulsation change of the cavity accelerates the melting, plasticizing and mixing of materials, thereby improving production quality and production efficiency.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 2 and the number of barrel heads is 3;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 2 and the number of barrel heads is 3;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 2.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention, wherein the number of barrel heads is 3.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 3 and the number of barrel heads is 4;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion apparatus according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 3.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention, wherein the number of barrel heads is 4.

[0029] Figure 8 This is an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-screw extrusion device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the number of screw heads is 4 and the number of barrel heads is 5.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a self-meshing extrusion device according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of a self-meshing extrusion device according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] Screw 100, first circle 110, second circle 120, third circle 130;

[0034] 200mm barrel, 210mm fourth circle, 220mm fifth circle, 230mm sixth circle;

[0035] Drive mechanism 310, feed port 320, mold 330. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] Understandably, referring to Figures 1 to 4 The single-screw extrusion apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention includes a screw 100 and a barrel 200. The screw 100 passes through the barrel 200 and engages with the barrel 200. The profiles of both the barrel 200 and the screw 100 are composed of alternating external and internal cycloids. The origin is established as... The horizontal axis is The vertical axis is In a Cartesian coordinate system, the axes are defined by circles 110, 120, 130, 210, 220, and 230. The centers of circles 110 and 210 are both set at the origin. The epicycloid of screw 100 is the trajectory of a point on the second circle 120 when the second circle 120 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the first circle 110; the introcycloid of screw 100 is the trajectory of a point on the third circle 130 when the third circle 130 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the first circle 110; the epicycloid of barrel 200 is the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle 220 when the fifth circle 220 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the fourth circle 210; the introcycloid of barrel 200 is the trajectory of a point on the sixth circle 230 when the sixth circle 230 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the fourth circle 210; wherein, the epicycloid of screw 100 is... The cycloid of screw 100 is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The epicycloid of the barrel 200 is The inner cycloid of the barrel 200 is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The radii of the first circle 110, the second circle 120, the third circle 130, the fourth circle 210, the fifth circle 220, and the sixth circle 230 are respectively: , , , , and The number of threads in screw 100 is The number of heads in the 200mm barrel is , number of heads For positive integers greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: = , = ;

[0041] curve The equation is: ;

[0042] in ;

[0043] curve The equation is: ;

[0044] in ;

[0045] curve The equation is ;

[0046] in ;

[0047] curve The equation is: ;

[0048] in .

[0049] The screw 100 passes through the barrel 200. Both the screw 100 and the barrel 200 have profiles composed of alternating epicycloids and incycloids. The epicycloid of the screw 100 is the trajectory of a point on the second circle 120 when it rolls tangentially without slippage outside the first circle 110. The incycloid of the screw 100 is the trajectory of a point on the third circle 130 when it rolls tangentially without slippage inside the first circle 110. The epicycloid of the barrel 200 is the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle 200. When the screw 100 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the fourth circle 210, the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle 220, the incycloid of the barrel 200, and the trajectory of a point on the sixth circle 230 when the screw 200 performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the fourth circle 210, the profiles of the screw 100 and the barrel 200 are multiple repeating parts. The radii of the first circle 110, the second circle 120, the third circle 130, the fourth circle 210, the fifth circle 220, and the sixth circle 230 are respectively... , , , , and The number of threads in screw 100 is The number of heads in the 200mm barrel is , number of heads For positive integers greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: = , = By defining curves ,curve ,curve and curve This design ensures that the screw 100 and barrel 200 remain engaged, achieving self-cleaning of both. Furthermore, as the screw 100 rotates, the volume enclosed by the screw 100 and barrel 200 changes periodically, causing the material to be continuously squeezed and stretched within the screw groove. This enhances the tensile force in the side clearance area of ​​the meshing portion between the screw 100 and barrel 200, as well as the shearing force at the gap between the screw head and the inner wall of the barrel 200, accelerating material melting, plasticizing, and mixing. This shortens the production cycle and saves energy. Additionally, by using a single screw 100, the single-screw extruder offers high output, improved plasticizing efficiency and mixing capacity, maintains self-cleaning function, and increases material processing efficiency.

[0050] It should be noted that the profiles of the screw 100 and the barrel 200 are composed of multiple epicycloids and multiple incycloids. The epicycloids and incycloids are connected alternately, so that the profiles of the screw 100 and the barrel 200 are all repetitive parts. The epicycloids and incycloids form a group, and multiple groups of epicycloids and incycloids are connected sequentially. One group of epicycloids and epicycloids constitutes one head. The number of heads in the barrel 200 is one more than the number of heads in the screw 100. The outer wall of the screw 100 and the inner wall of the barrel 200 are both topological structures, so that the screw 100 can be engaged at all times when rotating in the barrel 200, which can improve self-cleaning performance, facilitate material conveying, and improve the continuity of material conveying. Furthermore, the ratio of the lead of the screw 100 to that of the barrel 200 is equal to the ratio of the number of heads of the screw 100 to that of the barrel 200, so that the screw 100 divides the interior of the barrel 200 into Q independent chambers. As the screw 100 rotates, the volume of the chambers changes periodically. When the volume increases, more material is conveyed into the chamber. When the volume decreases, the pressure in the chamber increases, which compacts the material and conveys it forward, accelerating the melting, plasticizing and mixing of the material.

[0051] Understandably, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 9 The screw 100 is driven to move by the drive mechanism 310. The drive mechanism 310 may include a motor and a crank. One end of the crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the other end of the crank is connected to a bearing. The screw 100 is connected to the bearing. The motor drives the crank to rotate, so that the screw 100 can move in a planetary motion in the barrel 200, so that the screw 100 can mesh with the inner wall of the barrel 200.

[0052] The drive mechanism 310 may also include a motor, a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear. The first gear and the second gear are both external gears, and the third gear is an internal gear. The first gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the end of the screw 100. The second gear meshes with both the first gear and the third gear. The motor drives the first gear to rotate so that the second gear can move in a planetary motion, thereby enabling the screw 100 to mesh with the inner wall of the barrel 200.

[0053] The drive mechanism 310 may also include a crank, a first motor and a second motor. One end of the crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the other end of the crank is connected to the second motor. The screw 100 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. The first motor drives the crank to rotate so that the screw 100 can revolve around the crank. The second motor drives the screw 100 to rotate so that the screw 100 can move in a planetary motion in the barrel 200, thereby making the screw 100 mesh with the inner wall of the barrel 200.

[0054] Understandably, referring to Figures 1 to 4 The screw 100 has 2 heads, and the barrel 200 has 3 heads. By setting the number of heads Q of the screw 100 to 2 and the number of heads Q of the barrel 200 to 3, the profile of the cross-section of the screw 100 is made to consist of two repeating parts.

[0055] Among the curves The equation is: ;

[0056] in ;

[0057] curve The equation is: ;

[0058] in ;

[0059] The cross-sectional profile of the barrel 200 consists of three repeating sections;

[0060] Among the curves The equation is: ;

[0061] in ;

[0062] curve The equation is: ;

[0063] in .

[0064] This simplifies the shape of the screw 100 and barrel 200, reduces manufacturing costs, and improves the production efficiency of the single-screw extrusion unit, thereby enhancing the quality of material processing.

[0065] Understandably, referring to Figures 5 to 7 The screw 100 has 3 heads, and the barrel 200 has 4 heads. By setting the number of heads Q of the screw 100 to 3 and the number of heads Q of the barrel 200 to 4, the profile of the cross-section of the screw 100 is made to have 3 repeating parts.

[0066] Among the curves The equation is: ;

[0067] in ;

[0068] curve The equation is: ;

[0069] in ;

[0070] The cross-sectional profile of the barrel 200 consists of four repeating sections;

[0071] Among the curves The equation is: ;

[0072] in ;

[0073] curve The equation is: ;

[0074] in .

[0075] By setting the cross-sectional profile of the screw 100 to repeat three parts, the cavity formed by the screw 100 and the barrel 200 is increased, which accelerates the melting, plasticizing and mixing of materials and improves the processing efficiency of materials.

[0076] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 8 The screw 100 and barrel 200 are conical in shape. When this structure is applied to injection molding equipment, by setting the screw 100 and barrel 200 to be conical, the axial volume of the screw 100 and the axial volume of the barrel 200 gradually decrease. This increases the axial pressure of the material when the screw 100 drives the material to be conveyed in the barrel 200, facilitating material output. It eliminates the need to separate the plasticizing and filling molding steps, allowing the stretching, mixing, and filling of the material to occur simultaneously, shortening product molding time, reducing energy consumption, and improving production efficiency.

[0077] Furthermore, when this structure is applied to the extrusion field, it retains the advantages of high output and high mixing efficiency of single-screw extruders. The conical screw 100 and barrel 200 allow air inside the screw 100 and barrel 200 to be smoothly discharged from the feed port, preventing air from clogging the cavity and achieving good venting. The reduction in axial volume also allows for material compaction, improving the density of the product and enhancing its processing quality.

[0078] Understandably, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The self-meshing extrusion apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention includes the single-screw extrusion device of the first aspect of the present invention. Since it has all the technical features of the single-screw extrusion device of this embodiment, it also has the beneficial effects of all the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] It should be noted that self-meshing extrusion equipment can be either injection molding equipment or extrusion equipment.

[0080] Reference Figure 9 When the self-meshing extrusion equipment is an injection molding machine, it includes a drive mechanism 310, a feed inlet 320, a barrel 200, a screw 100, and a mold 330. The screw 100 passes through the barrel 200. The drive mechanism 310 drives the screw 100 to move within the barrel 200 and engages it with the barrel 200, feeding material through the feed inlet 320 so that the material can move within the screw 100 and the barrel 200. The material enters the screw 100 and forms a mold with the barrel 200. The cavity, due to the eccentric rotation of the screw 100, causes the volume of the cavity between the screw 100 and the meshing barrel 200 to change pulsatingly, periodically increasing and decreasing. The material is propelled within the sealed cavity, and the gradual decrease in the screw groove volume along the injection direction increases the material conveying pressure, gradually compacting the material. After melting under the external heating of the barrel 200 and the dissipation of viscous heat, the periodic circumferential volume contraction and expansion, along with the axial pressure, enhances the melting of the material. Furthermore, the material continuously experiences the stretching and strong shearing of the narrow lateral gap between the screw and the barrel 200, promoting strong dispersion and mixing. The homogenized material is then injected into the mold 330 for molding, improving the processing quality and efficiency.

[0081] Reference Figure 10 When the self-meshing extrusion equipment is used as an extrusion device, it includes a drive mechanism 310, a feed inlet 320, a barrel 200, and a screw 100. Material is fed through the feed inlet 320, and the drive mechanism 310 drives the screw 100 to move within the barrel 200, allowing the material to be conveyed along the axial direction of the screw 100. The material melts under the action of external heating in the barrel 200 and viscous heat dissipation. As the flow channel volume decreases in the extrusion direction, the material is further plasticized, and air in the glassy material is discharged through the feed inlet 320, further compacting the material. The self-meshing of the screw 100 and the barrel 200 gives the extrusion equipment good self-cleaning properties, avoiding the reduction in product quality caused by material residue during processing. Simultaneously, the rapid change in the screw channel volume during processing increases the extrusion pressure, providing a certain processing advantage, especially for high-melting-point materials. Furthermore, the coexistence of strong tensile and shear forces, coupled with the periodic increase and decrease of the circumferential volume, promotes the uniform distribution of dispersion during the processing of multiphase systems.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-screw extrusion device, characterized in that, It includes a screw and a barrel, the screw passing through the barrel and meshing with the barrel, and the profiles of both the barrel and the screw are composed of alternating external and internal cycloids; Establish the origin as The horizontal axis is The vertical axis is the axis and the vertical axis are In a Cartesian coordinate system with axes, a first circle, a second circle, a third circle, a fourth circle, a fifth circle, and a sixth circle are defined, with the center of the first circle and the center of the fourth circle both set at the origin. The epicycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the second circle when the second circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the first circle; the intracycloid of the screw is the trajectory of a point on the third circle when the third circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the first circle; the epicycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the fifth circle when the fifth circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion outside the fourth circle; the intracycloid of the barrel is the trajectory of a point on the sixth circle when the sixth circle performs a non-slip tangential rolling motion inside the fourth circle. Wherein, the epicycloid of the screw is The cycloid of the screw is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The epicycloid of the barrel is The inner cycloid of the barrel is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is ,curve Points on and the origin The connection and The included angle of the axis is The radii of the first circle, the second circle, the third circle, the fourth circle, the fifth circle, and the sixth circle are, in order, [missing information]. , , , , and The number of screw heads is The number of heads in the barrel is Head count For positive integers greater than or equal to 1, satisfying: = , = ; curve The equation is: ; in ; curve The equation is: ; in ; curve The equation is ; in ; curve The equation is: ; in .

2. The single-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw has 2 heads, and the barrel has 3 heads.

3. The single-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw has 3 heads, and the barrel has 4 heads.

4. The single-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw and the barrel are tapered.

5. A self-meshing extrusion device, characterized in that, Includes a single-screw extruder as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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