Slag collecting device and shaft boring machine

Abstract

The application discloses a slag collecting device and a shaft tunneling machine. The slag collecting device is installed on a cutter head. The slag collecting device has a plurality of jet ports for jetting airflow. The cutter head drives the slag collecting device to rotate, so that the airflow jetted by the plurality of jet ports forms a slag collecting airflow layer between the cutter head and an excavation surface. The slag collecting airflow layer can transfer the slag on the excavation surface to a slag discharge area. The slag under the cutter head can be transferred to the slag discharge area under the driving of the slag collecting airflow layer. Then, the slag in the slag discharge area is taken out of the shaft through the slag discharge device of the shaft tunneling machine. Therefore, the slag removal efficiency and effect are improved. The slag discharge device cannot take all the slag under the cutter head out of the shaft, so that part of the slag remains under the cutter head and causes abnormal wear of the cutter head. Therefore, the service life of the cutter head is prolonged, the tunneling efficiency is improved, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft construction technology, and in particular, to a slag collection device and a shaft tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Existing methods for muck removal in shaft boring machines include: grab bucket muck removal, scraper muck removal, and slurry circulation muck removal. However, all of these methods have the following drawback: a layer of muck and soil will remain at the bottom of the shaft. The long-term presence of this muck and soil will cause abnormal wear on the cutter head's rollers, cutting plates, and scraper blades.

[0003] The inventors discovered that the fundamental reason for the aforementioned shortcomings of the existing technology lies in the following: Whether using slurry-water discharge or scraper-type discharge, there is a certain height difference between the roller cutter and the scraper during the design phase. Similarly, there is also a certain height difference between the roller cutter and the slurry suction port. Due to the inherent wear of the roller cutter, the arrangement height of the scraper and the slurry suction port must not exceed the limit wear height of the roller cutter. Therefore, this height difference cannot be eliminated. In other words, this is an inherent shortcoming of the existing technology, a systemic problem that the existing technology cannot solve. This results in incomplete slag removal by scraper-type discharge, with a layer of powdery sand always remaining at the bottom of the shaft. Similarly, even with slurry-water circulation discharge, slag cannot be completely removed, and a layer of washed sand accumulates at the bottom of the shaft. This causes abnormal wear on the cutterhead, cutters, roller cutter rings, and cutterhead panel. Furthermore, the abnormal wear of the cutterhead and cutters reduces construction speed and efficiency, increasing construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a slag collection device and a shaft tunneling machine to solve the technical problem that a layer of slag remains at the bottom of the shaft, which causes abnormal wear on the cutter head, cutter plate, and scraper plate.

[0005] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a slag collection device installed on a cutterhead. The slag collection device has multiple injection ports for jetting airflow. The cutterhead drives the slag collection device to rotate, so that the airflow jetted from the multiple injection ports forms a slag collection airflow layer between the cutterhead and its excavation face. The slag collection airflow layer can transfer the slag on the excavation face to the slag discharge area.

[0006] In embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the injection nozzles are arranged at intervals along at least one spiral line.

[0007] In embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple spiral lines, and the multiple spiral lines are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the cutter head.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the injection direction of the injection port and the rotation direction of the cutter head are arranged on the same side of the cutter head.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation direction of the cutter head is clockwise, the injection port faces outward from the spiral, and the slag below the cutter head flows from the inside to the outside to the outer edge region of the cutter head under the action of the slag collection airflow layer.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation direction of the cutter head is counterclockwise, the injection port faces the inner side of the spiral, and the slag below the cutter head flows from the outside to the inside under the action of the slag collection airflow layer to the central area of ​​the cutter head.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spray direction of the spray nozzle is inclined downward relative to the normal direction of the tangent at the corresponding position on the spiral line.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, there is an angle bisector between the normal direction and the vertically downward direction, the injection port has an angle adjustment area with an angle of 45 degrees, and the angle adjustment area is symmetrically arranged with respect to the angle bisector, and the injection direction of the injection port can be adjusted within the angle adjustment area.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the slag collection device includes at least one air supply pipe and a plurality of nozzles. The air supply pipe extends in a spiral shape on the cutter head, and the plurality of nozzles are spaced apart on the air supply pipe and connected to each other. The plurality of nozzles have a plurality of injection ports.

[0014] The present invention also provides a shaft tunneling machine, including the above-mentioned slag collection device.

[0015] The features and advantages of this invention are: The slag collection device and shaft boring machine of the present invention form a slag collection airflow layer by multiple nozzles on the slag collection device under the rotation of the cutterhead. This airflow layer transfers the slag below the cutterhead to the slag discharge area, where it is then carried out of the shaft by the slag discharge device of the shaft boring machine. This improves the efficiency and effectiveness of slag removal and avoids the situation where the slag discharge device cannot completely remove the slag below the cutterhead, resulting in some slag remaining below the cutterhead and causing abnormal wear. Therefore, it can extend the service life of the cutterhead, improve its tunneling efficiency, reduce construction costs, and increase construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the slag collection device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slag collection device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment area of ​​the injection nozzle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the slag collection device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slag collection device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment area of ​​the injection nozzle in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the gas path structure of the slag collection device in this invention.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Cutterhead; 2. Injection nozzle; 3. Slag collection airflow layer; 4. Slag; 5. Spiral line; 6. Air supply pipe; 7. Nozzle; 8. Angle adjustment area; 9. Main air path; 10. Main path control valve; 11. Main path flow regulating valve; 12. Branch air path; 13. Branch path control valve; 14. Branch path flow regulating valve; 15. Slag discharge device installation area; A. Spray direction; B. Rotation direction; B'. Rotation direction; C. Normal direction; D. Vertically downward direction; E. Angle bisector; O. Center of the circle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Implementation Method 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a slag collection device, which is installed on the cutterhead 1. The slag collection device has multiple injection ports 2 for jetting airflow. The cutterhead 1 drives the slag collection device to rotate, so that the airflow jetted from the multiple injection ports 2 forms a slag collection airflow layer 3 between the cutterhead 1 and its excavation surface. The slag collection airflow layer 3 can transfer the slag 4 on the excavation surface to the slag discharge area.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, in the slag collection device of the present invention, the airflow injected from multiple nozzles 2 forms a slag collection airflow layer 3 under the rotation of the cutterhead 1. This causes the slag 4 below the cutterhead 1 to be transferred to the slag discharge area under the influence of the slag collection airflow layer 3, essentially forming an "air broom" that sweeps the slag to the slag discharge area. The slag 4 is then carried out of the shaft by the slag discharge device of the shaft boring machine, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of slag removal. This prevents the slag discharge device from failing to remove all the slag 4 below the cutterhead 1, which would otherwise cause some slag 4 to remain below the cutterhead 1 and lead to abnormal wear. Therefore, it can extend the service life of the cutterhead 1, improve its tunneling efficiency, reduce construction costs, and increase construction efficiency. Furthermore, when the slag discharge device is a mud circulation slag discharge device or a pneumatic conveying slag discharge device, the slag collection airflow layer 3 can also disturb the mud or slag 4 in the slag discharge area, thereby preventing the mud or slag 4 from settling and affecting its suction.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the slag-collecting airflow layer 3 formed by the airflow from multiple nozzles 2 should cover the entire excavation face below the cutterhead 1 as much as possible, ensuring that the slag 4 on the excavation face can be transferred under the action of the slag-collecting airflow layer 3.

[0030] Multiple injection ports 2 can be directly formed on the cutter head 1, or multiple injection ports 2 can be provided by multiple nozzles 7. The multiple nozzles 7 can be directly mounted on the cutter head 1, or... Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the air supply pipe 6 is installed on the cutter head 1, and multiple nozzles 7 are spaced apart on the air supply pipe 6 and connected to each other.

[0031] Specifically, nozzle 7 is preferably a flat nozzle, which allows the injection port 2 to form a larger injection area, that is, to increase the effective area of ​​the injected airflow, thereby enabling the slag-collecting airflow layer 3 formed by the airflow from multiple injection ports 2 to cover the entire excavation face. For example... Figure 7As shown, air is delivered to the air supply pipe 6 via the main air passage 9. The air in the air supply pipe 6 is then delivered to each nozzle 7 via various branch air passages 12. The main air passage 9 is equipped with a main passage control valve 10 for controlling the on / off state of the main air passage 9 and a main air passage flow regulating valve for controlling the gas flow rate of the main air passage 9. Each branch air passage 12 is equipped with a branch passage control valve 13 for controlling the on / off state of the branch air passage 12 and a branch passage flow regulating valve 14 for controlling the gas flow rate of the branch air passage 12. This allows the number, position, and flow rate of the injection nozzles 2 to be adjusted according to the slag collection situation. Furthermore, to facilitate the replacement of the nozzles 7, the nozzles 7 are installed using detachable connection methods, such as threaded connections, plug-in connections, or adhesive bonding. Welding connections are also possible.

[0032] To improve the slag collection capacity of the slag collection airflow layer 3, and further facilitate the removal of slag and soil 4 by the slag discharge device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of injection nozzles 2 are arranged at intervals along at least one spiral line 5. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 2 As shown, the air supply pipe 6 extends in a spiral shape 5 on the cutter head 1. The type of spiral 5 is not specifically limited, such as a Fibonacci spiral or an Archimedes spiral. The number of spirals 5 can be one, preferably multiple, and these multiple spirals 5 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center O of the cutter head 1. The specific number can be rationally designed according to the arrangement space on the cutter head 1. In this embodiment of the invention, the number of spirals 5 is two. The two air supply pipes 6 are symmetrically arranged on the cutter head 1 with respect to the center O of the cutter head 1.

[0033] Since the excavated soil 4 generated by the rotating excavation of the cutterhead 1 will continue to rotate around the center O of the cutterhead 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spraying direction A of the injection port 2 and the rotation direction B of the cutterhead 1 are set to the same side of the cutterhead 1, that is, the spraying direction A of the injection port 2 and the rotation direction B of the cutterhead 1 are roughly the same, which enables the excavated soil 4 generated by the excavation of the cutterhead 1 to be quickly transferred by the airflow sprayed by the injection port 2.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the rotation direction B of the cutterhead 1 is clockwise, the injection port 2 faces the outside of the spiral 5, and the slag 4 below the cutterhead 1 is in the slag collection airflow layer 3 ( Figure 1 The airflow (only a portion of the airflow in the slag collection airflow layer 3) flows from the inside out to the outer edge region of the cutterhead 1 under the action of the airflow. Specifically, the slag discharge device is located in the slag discharge device installation area 15 of the cutterhead 1. For example, when it is a scraper slag discharge device, the scraper slag discharge device scrapes slag from the center region of the cutterhead to its outer edge region, and finally carries the slag out of the well from the outer edge region of the cutterhead.

[0035] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the rotation direction B' of the cutterhead 1 is counterclockwise, the injection port 2 faces the inner side of the spiral 5, and the slag 4 below the cutterhead 1 is in the slag collection airflow layer 3 ( Figure 5 The image only shows a portion of the airflow in the slag collection airflow layer 3. Under the action of the airflow, the slag flows from the outside to the center of the cutterhead 1. Specifically, the slag discharge device is located in the slag discharge device installation area 15 of the cutterhead 1. For example, when it is a scraper slag discharge device, the scraper slag discharge device scrapes the slag from the outer edge of the cutterhead towards its center, and finally carries the slag out of the well from the center of the cutterhead. The slag 4 is transferred to the center of the cutterhead 1 by the slag cleaning airflow, and finally carries the slag out of the well from the center of the cutterhead.

[0036] Because there is a certain height difference between the injection nozzle 2 and the excavation face, in order to increase the effective range of the slag collection airflow layer 3 below the cutterhead 1, so that it can cover the area where the height difference is located in the vertical direction, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spray direction A of the nozzle 2 is inclined downward relative to the normal direction C of the tangent at the corresponding position on the spiral 5. Specifically, the nozzle 7 can adjust the spray direction A (also called the spray angle) between the normal direction C of the tangent at the corresponding position on the spiral 5 and the vertically downward direction D. That is, the nozzle 2 has an angle adjustment area 8, and there is an angle bisector E between the normal direction C and the vertically downward direction D. The angle θ of the angle adjustment area 8 is 45 degrees, and the angle adjustment area 8 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the angle bisector E. That is, the range of angle α of 22.5 degrees on both sides of the angle bisector E constitutes the adjustment range of the spray angle of the nozzle 2.

[0037] In another feasible embodiment, the plurality of injection ports 2 can also be arranged at intervals along at least a straight line, with other structures being the same, and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Implementation Method 2

[0039] The present invention also provides a shaft boring machine, including a slag collection device. The slag collection device of this embodiment has the same specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects as the slag collection device in embodiment one, and will not be described again here.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely a few embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations to the embodiments of the present invention based on the content disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag collection device, characterized in that, Mounted on the cutterhead, the slag collection device has multiple nozzles for jetting airflow. The cutterhead drives the slag collection device to rotate, causing the airflow jetted from the multiple nozzles to form a slag collection airflow layer between the cutterhead and its excavation face. The slag collection airflow layer can transfer the slag on the excavation face to the slag discharge area. The plurality of injection nozzles are arranged at intervals along at least one spiral line, and the injection direction of the injection nozzles and the rotation direction of the cutter head are arranged on the same side of the cutter head; When the cutterhead rotates clockwise, the injection nozzle faces outward from the spiral, and the slag below the cutterhead flows from the inside out to the outer edge region of the cutterhead under the action of the slag-collecting airflow layer; when the cutterhead rotates counterclockwise, the injection nozzle faces inward from the spiral, and the slag below the cutterhead flows from the outside inward to the center region of the cutterhead under the action of the slag-collecting airflow layer.

2. The slag collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of spirals is multiple, and the multiple spirals are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the cutter head.

3. The slag collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jetting direction of the jet nozzle is inclined downward relative to the normal direction of the tangent at the corresponding position on the spiral line.

4. The slag collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There is an angle bisector between the normal direction and the vertically downward direction. The spray nozzle has an angle adjustment area with an angle of 45 degrees. The angle adjustment area is symmetrically arranged with respect to the angle bisector. The spray direction of the spray nozzle can be adjusted within the angle adjustment area.

5. The slag collection device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The slag collection device includes at least one air supply pipe and multiple nozzles. The air supply pipe extends in a spiral shape on the cutter head, and the multiple nozzles are spaced apart on the air supply pipe and connected to each other.

6. A vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, The slag collection device includes any one of claims 1-5.

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