A double-shell type combined support drilling rig and its construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a double-shell combined support drilling rig and its construction method, comprising an intermediate shell, side shells connected to the intermediate shell with adjustable connection positions and angles, and a detachable drilling body within the side shells. The drilling body includes a shield, cutterhead, drive assembly, stabilizer, first guide mechanism, grout inlet, and grout outlet. The side shells include a stabilizer positioning block, a second guide mechanism, a limiting block, and a fixing plate. The limiting block and fixing plate axially fix the drilling body. Multiple sets of stabilizer positioning blocks and second guide mechanisms are provided. The grout outlet is maintained at a lower position within the shield. The combined support drilling rig is assembled at multiple angles to complete the construction of all support sections. This invention, through adjustment of the connection position and angle between the intermediate shell and the side shells, can fit various cross-sections for single-pass multi-section drilling with high guiding accuracy. This invention also boasts high construction efficiency, achieving reuse of the drilling body and efficient drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rock and soil drilling technology, specifically, it relates to a double-shell type combined support drilling machine and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Support structure construction is a specialized method used in underground space development. It involves inserting large-diameter pipes into pre-designed openings and constructing support facilities for the underground structure through connections, fixing, and grouting. Once completed, the support structure becomes part of the main structure of the underground building, eliminating the need for additional foundation pit retaining structures, thus saving construction costs and time. Because the support structure can accommodate various cross-sectional shapes and has good geological adaptability, it is widely used in underground engineering projects with large cross-sections. Furthermore, support construction minimizes disruption to surface traffic and functionality, reduces ground settlement, and minimizes the impact on underground pipelines and other surrounding buildings. Therefore, the support structure is an effective and environmentally friendly method for underground space construction.

[0003] However, in the construction of large-section support operations, traditional support methods use circular or rectangular drilling devices, which can only complete the construction of one support tunnel at a time. The pipe sections of each support tunnel are connected by interlocking or not connected. The axis needs to be recalibrated each time the next support tunnel is constructed. The construction steps are cumbersome and the construction accuracy is difficult to control. Moreover, the drilling devices used in traditional support methods cannot flexibly switch and fix the relative position of the drilling body and the outer shell. They cannot keep the slurry discharge port of the drilling body in the lower position at all times. This results in the inability to smoothly discharge mud when adapting to construction of different support sections, which affects the construction efficiency and hinders the efficient drilling of the drilling body. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a combined support drilling machine and its construction method, which allows for flexible switching and fixed positioning of the relative positions of the double-shell drilling body and the side shell, ensures that the grout outlet is located at the lower position, fits various cross-sections for single-pass multi-support tunnel drilling, and has high construction accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A double-shell type combined support drilling rig includes an intermediate shell, a side shell connected to the intermediate shell with adjustable connection position and angle, and a detachable drilling body housed within the side shell. The drilling body includes a shield shell, a cutterhead for drilling located at the front of the shield shell, a drive assembly housed within the shield shell and connected to the cutterhead, a stabilizer on the shield shell, a first guide mechanism on the shield shell, and a slurry inlet and outlet within the shield shell. The side shell includes a stabilizer positioning block that cooperates with the stabilizer to fix and position the drilling body, a second guide mechanism that cooperates with the first guide mechanism to guide the drilling body during assembly and disassembly, a limiting block located at one end of the side shell along the drilling direction, and a fixing plate located at one end of the side shell along the opposite drilling direction. The limiting block and the fixing plate axially fix the drilling body. Multiple sets of the stabilizer positioning block and the second guide mechanism are provided. The slurry outlet is located at a lower position within the shield shell.

[0006] Furthermore, the stabilizer is configured as two or more.

[0007] Furthermore, the stabilizer is provided with a locking structure, which is locked by mechanical, electric, pneumatic or hydraulic means.

[0008] Furthermore, the first guiding mechanism may be provided in two or more forms.

[0009] Furthermore, the first guiding mechanism is configured as a male guiding structure, and the second guiding mechanism is configured as a female guiding structure that cooperates with the male guiding structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the male guide structure is a guide bar, and the female guide structure is a guide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the side shells are provided in two parts, respectively located on both sides of the middle shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the side shells are provided in multiple ways, with two side shells respectively disposed on both sides of the intermediate shell, and the remaining side shells disposed on both sides of the two side shells connected to the intermediate shell and connected to each other in sequence.

[0013] Based on the above-described drilling rig structure, the present invention also provides a construction method for a double-shell type combined support drilling rig, comprising the following steps: S1: Divide the support construction section into several support combination segments, and then use single-hole support construction equipment to construct the pilot tunnel. After the pilot tunnel construction is completed, use the pipe section inside the pilot tunnel as the pilot pipe section. S2: Based on the shape of a support assembly section in step S1, connect the intermediate shell and the side shell according to the corresponding position and angle. Then, adjust the attitude of the drilling body to ensure that the grout outlet is located at the bottom. Through the cooperation of the first guide mechanism and the second guide mechanism, install the drilling body into the side shell. Then, extend the stabilizer and cooperate with the stabilizer positioning block to fix and position the drilling body and the side shell. At the same time, fix the drilling body axially through the limit block and the fixing plate. Finally, connect the intermediate shell to the guide pipe section in the guide hole to guide the drilling of the combined support drilling machine and carry out drilling construction. S3: After the support assembly section in step S2 is drilled and the combined support drilling machine exits the hole, retract the stabilizer, remove the rear fixing plate of the side shell, remove the drilling body, and connect the middle shell and the side shell according to the shape of the next support assembly section to be constructed, and then complete the drilling construction of the support assembly section according to the corresponding steps in step S2. S4: Repeat step S3 to drill the remaining support combination sections, thereby completing the construction of all support combination sections in the entire support construction section.

[0014] Furthermore, in the drilling construction described in step S2, both the intermediate shell and the side shell are provided with extension pipe sections at one end in the opposite direction of drilling. A propulsion device is arranged at the rear of the extension pipe section. Under the action of the propulsion device, the cutterhead drills the rock and soil to be constructed to complete the construction of the support tunnel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention ensures smooth mud discharge by flexibly switching and fixing the relative positions of the drilling body and the side shell and ensuring that the slurry outlet is located at the bottom. Specifically, the stabilizer and the first guide mechanism set on the shield of the drilling body cooperate with the stabilizer positioning block and the second guide mechanism set on the side shell, as well as the setting of the limit block and the fixing plate, to realize the disassembly and fixing between the drilling body and the side shell. At the same time, by setting the stabilizer positioning block and the second guide mechanism in multiple groups, it is convenient to install the drilling body and the side shell at different angles. In addition, by adjusting the middle shell and the connection position and angle with the side shell, it is possible to fit various cross-sections for single multi-section drilling with high construction accuracy. The double-shell combined support drilling machine of this invention has high construction efficiency and realizes efficient drilling of the drilling body.

[0016] (2) By setting two or more stabilizers, the present invention makes the fixing of the drilling body and the side shell more stable. In addition, by setting a locking structure on the stabilizer, the fixing effect is further enhanced.

[0017] (3) By setting two or more first guiding mechanisms, the present invention makes the guidance more accurate. In addition, by setting the first guiding mechanism as a male guiding structure and the second guiding mechanism as a female guiding structure, the guidance is smoother. Furthermore, by setting the male guiding structure as a guide bar and the female guiding structure as a guide groove, the guiding effect is enhanced while also achieving circumferential positioning and bearing torsional force.

[0018] (4) By setting two side shells and setting them on both sides of the middle shell, or by setting multiple side shells and setting them on both sides of the middle shell, the present invention not only realizes single multi-section drilling, but also facilitates guidance and positioning during construction.

[0019] (5) During construction of this invention, the support construction section is first divided into several support combination sections and a guide tunnel is constructed. Then, a double-shell type combined support drilling machine is constructed according to the shape of the support combination section, ensuring that the grout outlet is located at the bottom. At the same time, the drilling body and the side shell are fixed and positioned by the cooperation of the stabilizer and the stabilizer positioning block. Under the guidance of the guide pipe section, the drilling construction of the support combination section is completed. After the drilling construction of the support combination section is completed, the stabilizer is retracted, the rear end fixing plate of the side shell is removed, the drilling body is removed, and a double-shell type combined support drilling machine is constructed according to the shape of the next support combination section to be constructed. Then, the drilling construction of this support combination section is carried out. The above steps are repeated to complete the construction of all support combination sections. The entire construction method, through the switching and fixing of the relative positions of the drilling body and the side shell, not only ensures that the grout outlet is always located at the bottom, but also adapts to various support sections, and realizes single multi-pipe section drilling and high-precision construction, thus improving construction efficiency.

[0020] (6) The construction method of the present invention transmits the thrust to the extension pipe section through the propulsion device, and in cooperation with the cutterhead, realizes continuous drilling and propulsion. The construction method is simple, efficient and economical. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and construction layout of the combined support drilling machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction cross-section and support tunnel distribution of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing different connection shapes between the middle shell and the side shell of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and components of the drilling body of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side shell structure of the combined support drilling machine of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the intermediate shell, side shell, and drilling body of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drilling body and the side shell of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the double-shell combined support drilling machine of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the double-shell combined support drilling machine of the present invention.

[0022] In the above figures, the component names corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows: 1-Intermediate shell, 2-Side shell, 3-Drilling body, 201-Stabilizer positioning block, 202-Second guide mechanism, 203-Limiting block, 204-Fixing plate, 301-Shield shell, 302-Cutout disc, 303-Drive assembly, 304-Stabilizer, 305-First guide mechanism, 306-Grouting inlet, 307-Grouting outlet, 4-Guide tunnel, 5-Guide pipe section, 6-Extension pipe section, 7-Propulsion device, 8-Support tunnel, 9-Support construction section, 10-Support assembly section, 11-Soil and rock to be constructed. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments. Example

[0024] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment provides a double-shell type combined support drilling machine, including an intermediate shell 1, a side shell 2, and a drilling body 3. The drilling body 3 includes a shield 301, a cutterhead 302, a drive assembly 303, a stabilizer 304, a first guide mechanism 305, a slurry inlet 306, and a slurry outlet 307. The side shell 2 includes a stabilizer positioning block 201, a second guide mechanism 202, a limiting block 203, and a fixing plate 204. The connection position and connection angle between the intermediate shell 1 and the side shell 2 are... Adjustable, the connection position and angle are fixed with bolts after adjustment. The drilling body 3 is installed in the side housing 2 and can be removed. The cutterhead 302 is placed at the front of the shield 301, that is, at one end of the shield 301 along the drilling direction. The drive assembly 303 is placed inside the shield 301 and connected to the cutterhead 302. The drive assembly 303 drives the cutterhead 302 to drill. The stabilizer 304 is placed on the shield 301. The first guide mechanism 305 is also placed on the shield 305. The slurry inlet 306 and... All slurry discharge ports 307 are located inside the shield shell 301. The stabilizer positioning block 201 cooperates with the stabilizer 304 to fix and position the drilling body 3. The second guide mechanism 202 cooperates with the first guide mechanism 305 to guide the drilling body 3 during assembly and disassembly. The limiting block 203 is located on one end of the side shell 2 along the drilling direction, and the fixing plate 204 is located on one end of the side shell 2 along the opposite drilling direction. The limiting block 203 and the fixing plate 204 axially fix the drilling body 3. The stabilizer positioning block 201 and the second guide mechanism 305... The mechanism 202 is configured in multiple sets to adjust the relative position of the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2, ensuring that the drilling body 3 does not rotate circumferentially during the construction of all support assembly sections 10, and simultaneously keeping the slurry discharge port 307 always located in the lower position inside the shield shell 301 to facilitate the discharge of mud during drilling. The position of the slurry inlet 306 can be flexibly set, as slurry can be spread from different positions. The slurry inlet 306 can be located in the lower, upper, or left / right positions inside the shield shell 301. In this embodiment, the drive assembly 303 is responsible for providing power to rotate the cutterhead. The drive assembly 303 includes a drive motor, a reducer, a transmission shaft, and a bearing system. The drive motor is a high-power electric motor, the reducer reduces the high speed of the drive motor to a speed suitable for the cutterhead's operation, and increases the torque. The transmission shaft connects the drive motor and the cutterhead, transmitting torque and speed. The bearing system supports and guides the rotation of the transmission shaft, ensuring its stable operation.

[0025] In this embodiment, there are two or more stabilizers 304. When there are two stabilizers, they are symmetrically arranged on the shield 301 to enhance the fixed positioning effect. When there are multiple stabilizers, they are evenly arranged on the shield 301 to further enhance the fixed positioning effect. In addition, the stabilizer 304 in this embodiment is equipped with a locking structure. The locking structure can be mechanical, electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic, which further enhances the fixing and positioning effect. Among them, the mechanical locking uses a mechanical structure, specifically a cam and linkage structure. The rotation or movement of the cam drives the linkage to achieve locking and unlocking. The electric locking uses an electric motor to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy for locking. Specifically, the forward and reverse rotation of the motor drive can be used for locking and unlocking. The pneumatic locking uses compressed gas as the working medium and can be composed of an air source, a cylinder, and a control valve. The air source provides compressed air, the cylinder converts the gas pressure into linear motion, and the control valve is used to control the flow and pressure of the gas to achieve locking and unlocking. The hydraulic locking uses liquid as the working medium and can be achieved by a hydraulic motor converting liquid pressure into mechanical motion. The flow and pressure of the liquid are then controlled by the control valve to achieve locking and unlocking. Further mechanical, electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic locking structures are all prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0026] In this embodiment, two or more first guide mechanisms 305 are provided to make the guidance more accurate. In addition, by setting the first guide mechanism 305 as a male guide structure and the second guide mechanism 202 as a female guide structure, the guidance is smoother. Furthermore, by setting the male guide structure as a guide bar and the female guide structure as a guide groove, the guiding effect is enhanced while also providing circumferential positioning and bearing torsional force.

[0027] When the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2 are installed in this embodiment, the guide strip set on the shield shell 301 is pushed forward along the guide groove on the side shell 2. The limiting block 203 on one end of the side shell 2 along the drilling direction and the fixing plate 204 on one end of the side shell 2 along the opposite drilling direction are used to limit the axial position of the drilling body 3. The stabilizer 304 of the drilling body 3 extends and is supported on the side shell 2. Multiple sets of stabilizer positioning blocks 201 are provided on the side shell 2 to limit the circumferential position of the drilling body 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, two side shells 2 are provided, which are respectively set on both sides of the middle shell 1, and multiple side shells 2 are provided, which are respectively set on both sides of the middle shell 1. This not only realizes single multi-section drilling, but also facilitates guidance and positioning during construction.

[0029] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment also provides a construction method for a double-shell type combined support drilling rig, including the following steps: S1: Divide the support construction section 9 into several support combination sections 10, and then use single-hole support construction equipment to construct the guide tunnel 4. After the construction of the guide tunnel 4 is completed, the pipe section inside the guide tunnel 4 is used as the guide pipe section 5. S2: Based on the shape of the support assembly section 10 in step S1, connect the intermediate shell 1 and the side shell 2 according to the corresponding position and angle. Then, adjust the attitude of the drilling body 3 to ensure that the grout discharge port 307 is located at the bottom. With the cooperation of the first guide mechanism 305 and the second guide mechanism 202, the drilling body 3 is installed into the side shell 2. Then, the stabilizer 304 is extended and cooperates with the stabilizer positioning block 201 to fix the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2. At the same time, the drilling body 3 is axially fixed by the limiting block 203 and the fixing plate 204. Finally, the intermediate shell 1 is connected to the guide pipe section 5 in the guide hole 4 to guide the drilling of the combined support drilling machine and carry out drilling construction. S3: After the support assembly section 10 in step S2 is drilled and the combined support drilling machine exits the hole, retract the stabilizer 304, remove the rear fixing plate 204 of the side shell 2, remove the drilling body 3, and connect the middle shell 1 and the side shell 2 according to the shape of the next support assembly section 10 to be constructed, and then complete the drilling construction of the support assembly section 10 according to the corresponding steps in step S2. S4: Repeat step S3 to drill the remaining support combination section 10, thereby completing the construction of all support combination sections 10 in the entire support construction section 9.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the support construction section 9 is divided into eight support combination segments 10. First, the construction of the eight guide tunnels 4 is carried out, followed by drilling of one of the support combination segments 10. There is no specific construction sequence for each support combination segment 10; it is arranged according to the actual on-site operation. When removing the drilling body 3, if the cutterhead 302 is larger than the side shell 2, the cutterhead 302 must first be removed from the drilling body 3 to allow the drilling body 3 to pass through the side shell 2. When reinstalling, the cutterhead 302 is then installed back onto the drilling body 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, both the intermediate shell 1 and the side shell 2 are provided with an extension pipe section 6 at one end in the opposite direction of drilling. A propulsion device 7 is arranged at the rear of the extension pipe section 6. Under the action of the propulsion device 7, the cutterhead 302 drills the soil and rock to be constructed 11 to complete the construction of the support tunnel 8. In this embodiment, the support tunnel 8 is constructed in a through manner. Under the thrust of the propulsion device 7, the double-shell combined support drilling machine comes out from the other end, leaving only the extension pipe section 6 in the support tunnel 8 and the guide tunnel 4 as a support structure. The double-shell combined support drilling machine that comes out from the other end is reassembled according to the shape of the next support combination section 10.

[0032] When using this invention, based on the structure of the site to be constructed, the support construction section 9 is first divided into several support combination sections 10 and the guide tunnel 4 is constructed. Then, according to the shape of the support combination section 10, a double-shell type combined support drilling machine is constructed, ensuring that the grout discharge port 307 is located at the lower position. At the same time, the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2 are fixed and positioned by the cooperation of the stabilizer 304 and the stabilizer positioning block 201. Under the guidance of the guide pipe section 5, the drilling construction of the support combination section 10 is completed. After the drilling construction of the support combination section 10 is completed, the stabilizer 304 is retracted, the fixing plate 204 on one end of the side shell 2 in the opposite direction of drilling is removed, the drilling body 3 is removed, and a double-shell type combined support drilling machine is constructed according to the shape of the next support combination section 10 to be constructed. Then the drilling construction of this support combination section 10 is carried out. The above steps are repeated to complete the construction of all support combination sections 10. The entire construction method, through the switching and fixing of the relative positions of the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2, not only ensures that the grout discharge port 307 is always in the lower position, but also can fit various cross sections. The connection between the drilling body 3 and the side shell 2 is simple, flexible and economical. In addition, during a single multi-section drilling process, the construction accuracy is ensured by the guidance of the guide hole 4 and the guide pipe section 5. The invention has high construction efficiency and realizes the reuse of the drilling body 3 and efficient drilling.

[0033] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made based on the design principles of the present invention, or any non-creative modifications made thereon, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-shell type combined support drilling machine, characterized in that: It includes an intermediate housing (1), a side housing (2) connected to the intermediate housing (1) and whose connection position and connection angle are adjustable, and a detachable drilling body (3) disposed in the side housing (2). The drilling body (3) includes a shield (301), a cutterhead (302) for drilling located at the front of the shield (301), a drive assembly (303) located inside the shield (301) and connected to the cutterhead (302), a stabilizer (304) located on the shield (301), a first guide mechanism (305) located on the shield (301), and a slurry inlet (306) and a slurry outlet located inside the shield (301). The side housing (2) includes a stabilizer positioning block (201) that cooperates with the stabilizer (304) to fix and position the drilling body (3), a second guide mechanism (202) that cooperates with the first guide mechanism (305) to guide the drilling body (3) to be disassembled and assembled, a limiting block (203) disposed on one end of the side housing (2) along the drilling direction, and a fixing plate (204) disposed on one end of the side housing (2) along the opposite drilling direction. The limiting block (203) and the fixing plate (204) axially fix the drilling body (3), the stabilizer positioning block (201) and the second guide mechanism (202) are set in multiple groups, and the slurry discharge port (307) is located at the lower position inside the shield shell (301).

2. The double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer (304) is configured as two or more.

3. The double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer (304) is provided with a locking structure, which is locked by mechanical, electric, pneumatic or hydraulic means.

4. The double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first guide mechanism (305) is provided in two or more.

5. A double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first guide mechanism (305) is a male guide structure, and the second guide mechanism (202) is a female guide structure that cooperates with the male guide structure.

6. A double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The male guide structure is a guide bar, and the female guide structure is a guide groove.

7. A double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side shells (2) are provided in two parts, respectively located on both sides of the middle shell (1).

8. A double-shell type combined support drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side shells (2) are provided in multiple ways, with two side shells (2) respectively located on both sides of the middle shell (1), and the remaining side shells (2) are located on both sides of the two side shells (2) connected to the middle shell (1) and connected to each other in sequence.

9. A construction method for a double-shell combined support drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Divide the support construction section (9) into several support combination sections (10), and then use single-hole support construction equipment to construct the guide tunnel (4). After the construction of the guide tunnel (4) is completed, the pipe section inside the guide tunnel (4) is used as the guide pipe section (5). S2: According to the shape of a support combination section (10) in step S1, connect the intermediate shell (1) and the side shell (2) according to the corresponding position and angle. Then adjust the attitude of the drilling body (3) to ensure that the slurry outlet (307) is located at the bottom. Through the cooperation of the first guide mechanism (305) and the second guide mechanism (202), the drilling body (3) is installed into the side shell (2). Then the stabilizer (304) is extended and cooperates with the stabilizer positioning block (201) to fix the drilling body (3) and the side shell (2). At the same time, the drilling body is axially fixed by the limit block (203) and the fixing plate (204). Finally, the intermediate shell (1) is connected to the guide pipe section (5) in the guide hole (4) to guide the drilling of the combined support drilling machine and carry out drilling construction. S3: After the support combination section (10) in step S2 is drilled and the combined support drilling machine exits the hole, retract the stabilizer (304), remove the rear end fixing plate (204) of the side shell (2), remove the drilling body (3), and connect the middle shell (1) and the side shell (2) according to the shape of the next support combination section (10) to be constructed, and then complete the drilling construction of the support combination section (10) according to the corresponding position and angle. S4: Repeat step S3 to drill the remaining support combination section (10) to complete the construction of all support combination sections (10) in the entire support construction section (9).

10. The construction method of a double-shell combined support drilling rig according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the drilling construction described in step S2, the intermediate shell (1) and the side shell (2) are both provided with an extension pipe section (6) at one end in the opposite direction of drilling. The extension pipe section (6) is provided with a propulsion device (7) at the rear. Under the action of the propulsion device (7), the cutterhead (302) drills into the soil and rock to be constructed (11) to complete the construction of the support tunnel (8).

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