A device and method for integrated construction of underground caverns

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of underground cavern construction, and particularly discloses a device suitable for integrated construction of underground cavern excavation and lining, which comprises a needle beam, a trolley frame body and an outer mold body, and the bottom of the needle beam is connected with a vertical support capable of stretching out and in. An integrated construction method suitable for underground cavern excavation and lining comprises the following steps: after the trolley frame body is moved to a specified position, segmental side wall pouring is performed; top arch pouring is performed on the corresponding segment of the poured side wall; the heading machine is removed at the end of the tunnel, and the relative positions of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame body are exchanged; and the installation of the inverted arch lining formwork is performed in the direction opposite to the heading direction from the end of the tunnel. The application adopts a construction scheme of side wall and top arch lining first and inverted arch lining later, and a set of matching inclined strut type lining trolley structure is designed, which is convenient to operate and can be applied to tunnels that cannot adopt inverted arch block prefabrication construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground cavern construction technology, specifically to an integrated construction device and method for underground cavern excavation and lining. Background Technology

[0002] Typically, the lining of tunnels constructed using TBM equipment consists of shotcrete and anchor as initial support, and cast-in-place secondary lining as permanent support. Current TBM equipment comprises a cutterhead, support shoe system, initial support system, power supply system, hydraulic control system, and ventilation, water supply, and dust removal equipment. The main construction procedure for underground tunnel construction combined with TBM excavation is as follows: TBM pre-entry preparation → TBM excavation → initial support installation within the tunnel → tunnel breakthrough → TBM equipment dismantling → tunnel concrete lining construction. The main problems encountered during construction include: (1) The TBM has a fast tunneling speed, and the secondary lining construction is not matched with the TBM construction efficiency, which affects the construction efficiency.

[0003] (2) The rotary drilling material produced by TBM tunneling is characterized by needle-like and flaky material and discontinuous gradation, which cannot be effectively utilized and results in resource waste.

[0004] Existing technology, patent CN 217440093 U, designs a lifting and transporting device to solve the problem of construction material transportation, ensuring simultaneous TBM tunneling and invert arch pouring without slowing down the TBM tunneling speed. Patent CN 116079903 A discloses an integrated system and method for processing and mixing tunnel muck, wherein the integrated system includes a crushing and screening system, a concrete preparation system, and an auxiliary system. Although this patent describes an integrated system and method for processing and mixing tunnel muck, it does not provide corresponding research on the lining construction method.

[0005] Currently, there are two main organizational methods for TBM excavation and secondary concrete lining construction. The first method involves completing the entire tunnel excavation before constructing the secondary concrete lining. This method not only has a long construction period but also poses a high safety risk due to the long period without lining construction after tunnel excavation. The second method involves simultaneous lining after the tunnel has been excavated to a certain distance, using precast invert blocks and cast-in-place sidewalls and top arch lining. However, some tunnels require a full-section cast-in-place concrete structure, which does not allow for the precast invert blocks. Therefore, it is necessary to cast the invert blocks on-site. However, the equipment used for secondary lining construction in tunnels is currently large, which is not convenient for cast-in-place invert construction and results in low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a construction device and method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns, aiming to solve the problem of simultaneous secondary concrete lining and TBM excavation in tunnels where prefabricated inverted arch blocks cannot be used.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a construction device suitable for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns, comprising a needle beam, a trolley frame and an outer formwork, wherein the trolley frame is slidably fitted with the needle beam, an anti-buoyancy support is connected to the top of the trolley frame, and the outer formwork covers the anti-buoyancy support and is connected to the anti-buoyancy support; a vertical support is connected to the bottom of the needle beam, and the vertical support is telescopic.

[0008] Furthermore, the needle beam is connected to inclined braces on both sides, and the inclined braces are capable of telescopic movement.

[0009] A method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns, using the aforementioned integrated excavation and lining device for underground caverns, includes the following steps: Step 1: The tunnel boring machine begins tunneling inward at the starting section of the tunnel; Step 2: Based on the tunnel starting section in Step 1, the tunnel boring machine continues to tunnel inward for a certain distance and lays an integrated concrete preparation equipment inside the tunnel for concrete preparation. Step 3: Continue tunneling along the tunnel excavation direction. While tunneling, install vertical support rails, ventilation, water and electricity pipelines and slag conveyor belts inside the tunnel. The vertical support rails are in sliding fit with the vertical support components. Step 4: The tunneling machine continues to tunnel along the tunneling direction until the excavated space is large enough to install the integrated underground cavern excavation and lining construction device. Then, the needle beam, trolley frame and outer formwork are installed. Step 5: The tunneling machine continues to tunnel, and at the same time, after the trolley frame is moved to the designated position, concrete is prepared using an integrated concrete preparation equipment and the sidewall is poured in sections. Step 6: After the sidewall is poured, the top arch is poured on the corresponding section of the poured sidewall. Step 7: Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the tunnel boring machine reaches the end of the tunnel, and at the same time complete the pouring of the tunnel's sidewalls and arch. Step 8: Dismantle the tunneling machine at the end of the tunnel, then pass the integrated concrete preparation equipment under the trolley frame, and slide the vertical support in the opposite direction to the tunneling direction to change the relative position of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame. Step 9: Starting from the end of the tunnel, install the invert arch lining formwork in the opposite direction to the excavation direction. The integrated concrete preparation equipment restarts to prepare the concrete required for pouring the invert arch.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 1, a temporary slag collection bin is installed at the tail of the tunneling machine.

[0011] Furthermore, the temporary slag collection bin is connected to the integrated concrete preparation equipment via a slag conveyor belt.

[0012] Furthermore, a temporary concrete storage silo is installed at the rear of the integrated concrete equipment, which is used to temporarily store the prepared concrete.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 3, the ventilation, water, and electricity pipelines and the slag conveyor belt are installed on both sides of the tunnel excavation face and located at the lower part of the tunnel excavation face.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 3, a transport vehicle track is also installed inside the tunnel, and the transport vehicle track is distributed on both sides of the vertical support track. A transport vehicle is slidably fitted on the transport vehicle track. The transport vehicle is used to transport materials and is located below the trolley frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the needle beam is connected to inclined braces on both sides. The braces are capable of telescopic movement. During the pouring of the sidewall and the top arch, the braces are extended and in an open state, abutting against the tunnel excavation face.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 5, during the process of the trolley frame moving to the designated position, the vertical support frame retracts downward to leave space for the trolley frame to move, and at this time the inclined brace is in an open but not in contact with the tunnel excavation surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention provides a complete set of equipment systems for integrated excavation and lining construction of underground caverns, which can perform lining simultaneously with excavation. Furthermore, this invention innovatively proposes a construction sequence of sidewalls first, then top arch, and finally invert arch, and proposes an invert arch pouring construction method in the "reverse excavation direction". This effectively solves the problem of simultaneous concrete secondary lining and TBM excavation in tunnels where invert arch block prefabrication is not possible.

[0018] This invention adopts a construction scheme of lining the side walls and top arch first, followed by lining the inverted arch. A set of matching inclined bracing lining trolley structures was designed. On the one hand, the ventilation, water and electricity pipelines and slag removal conveyor belts are arranged in the bottom inverted arch area, which improves the problem of repeatedly installing and removing the conveyor belts during the lining process. On the other hand, the inclined bracing support needle beams are used instead of the lining trolley legs as the lining trolley's walking device, eliminating the need for cast-in-place low side walls and reducing the space occupied by the lining trolley at the bottom, creating good conditions for the passage of transport vehicles.

[0019] The trolley support in this invention can move along the needle beam, thereby driving the trolley support and the outer formwork to move. This allows TBM excavation and secondary concrete lining to be carried out simultaneously. Furthermore, the side walls and top arch can be constructed simultaneously with the excavation, and the invert arch can be constructed in reverse after the excavation is completed.

[0020] In addition, since the bottom of the needle beam is connected to a retractable vertical support, the vertical support can not only support the needle beam and the trolley frame that cooperates with the needle beam, but also reduce the space occupied under the needle beam and the trolley frame, which facilitates the later installation and transportation by the transport vehicle, and leaves a large space for the later on-site pouring of concrete, which is convenient for operation and can be applied to tunnels where the prefabrication of inverted arch blocks cannot be used. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state of an integrated underground cavern excavation and lining construction device after concrete lining construction. Figure 2 This is a front view of an integrated construction device for excavation and lining of underground caverns according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of an integrated construction device for excavation and lining of underground caverns according to the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1. Trolley frame; 2. Needle beam; 3. Right side diagonal brace; 4. Left side diagonal brace; 5. Vertical support component; 5. First support component 501; 502. Second support component 503; 6. Air, water and electricity pipelines; 7. Transport vehicle; 8. Slag conveyor belt; 9. Ventilation hose; 10. Concrete lining; 11. Installation platform; 12. Vertical support component track; 13. Roller; 14. Transport vehicle track. Outer mold body 101, first mold body 1011, second mold body 1022, anti-buoyancy support 102, working platform 103, adjusting component 104, top pulley 105, side pulley 106, connecting block 107. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides an integrated construction device for excavation and lining of underground caverns, including a needle beam 2, a trolley frame 1, and an outer formwork 101, as follows. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the trolley frame 1 has a cavity that mates with the needle beam 2. The cavity of the trolley frame 1 covers the outside of the needle beam 2, as shown. Figure 3 The length of the needle beam 2 shown is at least the length of two compartments, and the needle beam 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0026] The trolley frame 1 and the needle beam 2 are in sliding engagement. Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner walls of the trolley frame 1 are connected to side pulleys 106 on both sides, and the upper and lower parts of the two inner walls of the trolley frame 1 are also connected to side pulleys 106. The top wall of the trolley frame 1 is connected to two top pulleys 105. The trolley frame 1 covers the outside of the needle beam 2, and the side pulleys 106 and top pulleys 105 on the trolley frame 1 can roll along the sides and top of the needle beam 2 respectively, thereby realizing the sliding engagement relationship between the trolley frame 1 and the needle beam 2, which is used for the positioning and installation of the trolley in different compartments.

[0027] The top of the trolley frame 1 is connected to an anti-buoyancy support 102 by bolts or screws. The outer mold 101 covers the anti-buoyancy support 102 and is connected to the anti-buoyancy support 102 by screws or bolts. In this embodiment, the outer mold 101 is arched, matching the contour shape of the tunnel, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the outer mold body 101 is the first mold body 1011, and the lower part of the outer mold body 101 is the second mold body 1022. That is, the first mold body 1011 is a complete arch structure, and the upper part of the outer mold body 101 is a fixed structure, but its height can be adjusted according to the height of the needle beam 2.

[0028] The second mold body 1022 consists of two parts, left and right. The two second mold bodies 1022 and the first mold body 1011 are combined to form a complete outer mold body 101. The outer mold body 101 is used as a template for pouring the lining. In this embodiment, the two second mold bodies 1022 are respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the first mold body 1011, forming a movable structure. The two second mold bodies 1022 are hinged to the trolley frame 1 with an adjustable member 104 that can extend and retract. In this embodiment, the adjustable member 104 is a hydraulic cylinder. The extension and retraction of the adjustable member 104 can cause the second mold body 1022 to fold into the tunnel to a certain extent, which facilitates rapid demolding later.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, two sets of adjusting members 104 are provided between the two second modules 1012 and the trolley frame 1, and the two sets of adjusting members 104 are located at the upper and lower parts of the trolley frame 1, respectively. One end of the two sets of adjusting members 104 is hinged to the upper and lower parts of the trolley frame 1, respectively, and the other end of the two sets of adjusting members 104 is hinged to the inner sidewall of the second module 1022. The two sets of adjusting members 104 are inclined to each other. In this embodiment, connecting blocks 107 are welded to both sides of the lower part of the trolley frame 1, and one end of the two adjusting members 104 located at the lower part is hinged to the connecting block 107.

[0030] The two sets of adjusting components 104 can improve the support for the second mold body 1022. At the same time, when the mold needs to be disassembled later, the two sets of adjusting components 104 can exert a uniform pulling force on the second mold body 1022, so that the second mold body 1022 can be disassembled faster and with better quality.

[0031] In this embodiment, a vertical support member 5 is connected to the bottom of the needle beam 2. The vertical support member 5 is telescopic. In this embodiment, the vertical support member 5 is a hydraulic cylinder. Both ends of the needle beam 2 are connected to the vertical support member 5. Specifically: Figure 3 As shown, the vertical support member 5 includes a first support member 501, a second support member 502, and a third support member 503. The first support member 501 is arranged at the rear end of the needle beam 2 along the tunneling direction, and the second support member 502 and the third support member 503 are arranged sequentially at the front end of the needle beam 2, so that two rows of vertical support members 5 are arranged in front of the needle beam 2 and a single row of vertical support members 5 is arranged at the rear of the needle beam 2. The first support member 501, the second support member 502, and the third support member 503 are used for adjusting the height of the trolley frame 1 and positioning it for installation, and for providing vertical support for the trolley frame 1 and the needle beam 2.

[0032] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the needle beam 2 is connected to inclined braces on both sides. The braces can extend and retract. In this embodiment, the braces are hydraulic cylinders.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two sets of diagonal braces, which are located at both ends of the needle beam 2. Each set of diagonal braces has two members, namely the left diagonal brace 4 and the right diagonal brace 3. The left diagonal brace 4 and the right diagonal brace 3 are symmetrically arranged and distributed in a figure-eight shape. After the trolley frame moves to the designated position, the left diagonal brace 4 and the right diagonal brace 3 can extend and abut against the excavation surface to provide limiting support, preventing the trolley frame from shaking or becoming unstable due to external forces such as vibration during the pouring process.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a mounting platform 11 is provided below the vertical support member 5. The mounting platform 11 is erected at the bottom of the tunnel, and transport vehicles 7 are provided on both sides of the vertical support member 5. Multiple tracks are arranged parallel to the tunneling direction on the mounting platform 11. In this embodiment, there are six tracks. The transport vehicles 7 and the vertical support member 5 each use two tracks. In this embodiment, the track at the bottom of the transport vehicle is the transport vehicle track 14, and the track at the bottom of the vertical support member 5 is the vertical support member track 12. Rollers 13 are connected to the bottom of both the vertical support member 5 and the bottom of the transport vehicle 7. The rollers 13 slide in cooperation with the tracks, so that the transport vehicle 7 and the vertical support member 5 can move forward and backward along the tunnel axis. The bottoms of the first support member 501, the second support member 502, and the third support member 503 all use a combination of tracks and rollers 13. The track arrangement direction is consistent with the transport direction of the transport vehicle 7, which facilitates the transfer and placement of trolleys between different compartments. In this embodiment, the mounting platform 11 is leveled and supported by channel steel or I-beams as the track foundation.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, ventilation, water, and electricity pipelines 6 and a slag conveyor belt 8 are respectively connected to the lower two sides of the tunnel excavation face. In this embodiment, the ventilation, water, and electricity pipelines 6 are anchored to the tunnel excavation face using steel bars or angle steel, and the slag conveyor belt 8 is anchored to the excavation face on the other side of the tunnel, used to transport the slag generated during the tunnel excavation process. A ventilation hose 9 is installed on the top of the trolley frame 1, and the ventilation hose 9 is embedded inside the anti-buoyancy support 102.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, both sides of the trolley frame 1 are connected to a work platform 103 for personnel to perform concrete pouring operations on the trolley.

[0037] The specific implementation process is as follows: While excavating along the tunnel excavation direction, the tracks 12 of the transport vehicle, the ventilation, water, and electricity pipelines 6, and the slag conveyor belt 8 are installed. After excavating to a certain distance, the needle beam 2 and the trolley frame 1 are installed. After the needle beam 2 and the trolley frame 1 are assembled, when the vehicle is driven forward into place, the first support 501, the second support 502, and the third support 503 retract downwards to leave enough space for the trolley to move. At this time, the right-side diagonal brace 3 and the left-side diagonal brace 4 are in an open state but do not contact the excavation face, so that there is a certain gap between the diagonal brace and the excavation face. However, this gap is not large, so that the trolley frame 1 can prevent lateral slippage during the smooth movement of the trolley frame.

[0038] After the trolley frame 1 moves to the predetermined installation position, the first support member 501, the second support member 502, and the third support member 503 all extend upwards, aligning the outer mold 101 with the designed edge line of the concrete lining 10. Then, the adjusting member 104 extends outwards, causing the outer mold 101 to open (e.g., Figure 2As shown in the image, the trolley is now basically installed in place. The stability of the trolley is checked to ensure it remains stable. Finally, the trolley is inspected and accepted, and the concrete lining is poured.

[0039] After the concrete lining 10 is poured, the adjusting member 104 is contracted, causing the second formwork 1022 at the bottom of the outer formwork 101 to detach from the lining concrete. Then, the first support member 501, the second support member 502, and the third support member 503 are contracted, causing the outer formwork 101 to detach entirely from the lining concrete, thus achieving demolding. The needle beam 2 is moved along the tunnel excavation direction, causing the needle beam 2 and the trolley frame 1 to move forward the distance of one concrete bay. The above steps are repeated to pour the next concrete bay.

[0040] After the concrete pouring of two sections within the length of a needle beam 2 is completed, the needle beam 2 is driven forward to move the entire trolley to the predetermined position of the next pouring section. The above steps are repeated until the predetermined tunnel lining length is completed, at which point the trolley is dismantled.

[0041] Then, starting from the end point, the invert arch lining formwork is installed, and the invert arch section lining construction is carried out in reverse to achieve the tunnel's "side walls first, top arch, then invert arch" full-section cast-in-place concrete lining 10.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment discloses a method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this method uses a construction device for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns as described in Embodiment 1. The specific construction steps are as follows: Step 1: The tunnel boring machine begins tunneling inward at the starting section of the tunnel. Since there is relatively little slag in the starting section, a temporary slag collection bin is installed at the tail of the tunnel boring machine. Step 2: Based on the tunnel starting section of Step 1, the tunnel boring machine continues to excavate a certain distance (to facilitate the installation of the integrated concrete preparation equipment inside the tunnel). Then, the integrated concrete preparation equipment for preparing concrete is laid inside the tunnel. In this embodiment, the integrated concrete preparation equipment can be the integrated system described in the prior art publication CN116079903A. In this embodiment, the integrated concrete preparation equipment is connected to the temporary slag collection bin via a slag conveyor belt. A temporary concrete storage bin is installed behind the integrated concrete equipment for temporarily storing the prepared concrete. Step 3: Continue tunneling along the tunnel excavation direction. While tunneling, install vertical support rails, transport vehicle rails, ventilation, water, electricity lines, and slag conveyor belts inside the tunnel (i.e., install transport vehicle rails, vertical support rails, ventilation, water, electricity lines, and slag conveyor belts while tunneling). In this embodiment, the ventilation, water, electricity lines, and slag conveyor belts are installed on both sides of the tunnel excavation face and located at the lower part of the tunnel excavation face. The vertical support components and vertical support rails are slidably connected. The transport vehicle rails are distributed on both sides of the vertical support rails, and transport vehicles are slidably connected on the transport vehicle rails. The transport vehicles are used to transport materials and are located below the trolley frame. Step 4: The tunneling machine continues to excavate along the excavation direction until the excavated space is large enough to install the above-mentioned integrated construction device for excavation and lining of underground caverns. Then, the needle beam, trolley frame and outer formwork are installed. The needle beam is connected to inclined braces on both sides. The braces can extend and retract. In this embodiment, the braces are hydraulic cylinders. When the sidewalls and the top arch are poured, the braces are extended and in the open state and abut against the tunnel excavation face to prevent the trolley frame from shaking or becoming unstable due to external forces such as vibration during the pouring process. Step 5: The tunneling machine continues to tunnel and continuously produces concrete to the temporary concrete storage bin; at the same time, after the trolley frame is moved to the designated position, concrete is prepared using an integrated concrete preparation equipment and the sidewalls are poured in sections. During the process of the trolley frame moving to the designated position, the vertical support frame retracts downward to leave space for the trolley frame to move, and at this time the diagonal brace is in an open state but does not contact the tunnel excavation face. Step 6: After the side walls are poured in sections, the top arch is poured in the corresponding section of the side wall. Step 7: Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the tunnel boring machine reaches the end of the tunnel, and at the same time complete the pouring of the tunnel's sidewalls and arch. Step 8: Based on Step 7, the tunneling machine is dismantled at the end of the tunnel. The integrated concrete preparation equipment then passes under the trolley frame, and the vertical support slides in the opposite direction to the tunneling direction to swap the relative positions of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame. In this embodiment, a structure suitable for integrated underground cavern excavation and lining construction, the inclined-braced trolley frame and the single-leg supported trolley frame structure provide ample space under the trolley frame, allowing for the installation of a transport vehicle and facilitating the easy swapping of the positions of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame. The original temporary slag collection bin is simultaneously converted into a temporary concrete storage bin. In this embodiment, the swapping of the positions of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame facilitates the subsequent smooth pouring and installation of the invert lining. Step 9: Starting from the end of the tunnel, install the invert arch lining formwork in the opposite direction to the excavation direction. The integrated concrete preparation equipment restarts to prepare the concrete required for pouring the invert arch. Step 10: Dismantle the transport vehicle track, trolley frame and its supporting structural auxiliary invert lining pouring construction in the opposite direction to the tunneling direction until the overall invert of the tunnel is poured.

[0044] This invention creates a matching trolley for integrated tunneling and lining construction; proposes a construction sequence of sidewalls first, then top arch, and finally invert arch, and designs a complete set of equipment; in addition, it proposes a method for invert arch casting in the "reverse tunneling direction" (the direction opposite to the tunneling direction) and a supporting equipment system.

[0045] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the attached drawings. They are only used to describe the relative positional relationship between the components or parts and do not specifically limit the specific installation orientation of each component or part.

[0048] In the description of this document, some terms may be used to indicate not only orientation or positional relationship, but also other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the description of this document, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., drawn in the accompanying drawings of this application are only used to complement the content disclosed in this specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification to the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size shall still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that it does not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0051] The terminology used in this document is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functionality of this disclosure; however, these terms may vary depending on the intent, precedent, or new technology of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of this disclosure. Therefore, the terminology used in this document should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of this disclosure.

[0052] This document uses flowcharts or text to illustrate the operational steps performed according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operational steps in the embodiments of this application are not necessarily performed precisely in the order described. Instead, as needed, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations can be added to these processes, or one or more operations can be removed from these processes.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method suitable for integrated construction of underground caverns, comprising a device suitable for integrated construction of underground caverns, the device comprising a needle beam, a trolley frame body and an outer mold body, the trolley frame body being in sliding fit with the needle beam, the top end of the trolley frame body being connected with an anti-floating support, the outer mold body being covered on and connected with the anti-floating support; the bottom of the needle beam being connected with a vertical support, the vertical support being capable of expansion and contraction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The tunnel boring machine begins tunneling inward at the starting section of the tunnel; Step 2: Based on the tunnel starting section in Step 1, the tunnel boring machine continues to tunnel inward for a certain distance, and then an integrated concrete preparation equipment is laid in the tunnel for concrete preparation. Step 3: Continue tunneling along the tunnel excavation direction. While tunneling, install vertical support rails, ventilation, water and electricity pipelines and slag conveyor belts inside the tunnel. The vertical support rails are in sliding fit with the vertical support components. Step 4: The tunneling machine continues to tunnel along the tunneling direction until the excavated space is large enough to install the integrated underground cavern excavation and lining construction device. Then, the needle beam, trolley frame and outer formwork are installed. Step 5: The tunneling machine continues to tunnel, and at the same time, after the trolley frame is moved to the designated position, concrete is prepared using an integrated concrete preparation equipment and the sidewall is poured in sections. Step 6: After the sidewall is poured, the top arch is poured on the corresponding section of the poured sidewall. Step 7: Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the tunnel boring machine reaches the end of the tunnel, and at the same time complete the pouring of the tunnel's sidewalls and arch. Step 8: Dismantle the tunneling machine at the end of the tunnel, then pass the integrated concrete preparation equipment under the trolley frame, and slide the vertical support in the opposite direction to the tunneling direction to change the relative position of the integrated concrete preparation equipment and the trolley frame. Step 9: Starting from the end of the tunnel, install the invert arch lining formwork in the opposite direction to the excavation direction. The integrated concrete preparation equipment restarts to prepare the concrete required for pouring the invert arch.

2. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, a temporary slag collection bin is installed at the tail of the tunneling machine.

3. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temporary slag collection bin is connected to the integrated concrete preparation equipment via a slag conveyor belt.

4. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temporary concrete storage silo is installed at the rear of the integrated concrete equipment. The temporary concrete storage silo is used to temporarily store the prepared concrete.

5. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the ventilation, water, and electricity pipelines and the slag conveyor belt are installed on both sides of the tunnel excavation face and located at the lower part of the tunnel excavation face.

6. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, a transport vehicle track is also installed inside the tunnel, and the transport vehicle track is distributed on both sides of the vertical support track. A transport vehicle is slidably fitted on the transport vehicle track. The transport vehicle is used to transport materials and is located below the trolley frame.

7. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The needle beam is connected to inclined braces on both sides. The braces are capable of telescopic movement. During the pouring of the side wall and the top arch, the braces are extended and in an open state, abutting against the tunnel excavation face.

8. The method for integrated excavation and lining of underground caverns according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 5, as the trolley frame moves to the designated position, the vertical support frame retracts downward to make room for the trolley frame to move, and at this time the diagonal brace is in an open but not in contact with the tunnel excavation surface.

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