Tunnel two-lining arch concrete horizontal directional punching construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel two-lining arch concrete horizontal directional top pouring construction method, the arch top pouring device of which can make the pouring pipe have the ability of rotation and vertical lifting, and through the control of the rotation of the pouring pipe, 360-degree omnibearing rotation pouring and fixed-point pouring can be realized; a tension and pressure sensor is arranged at the top end of the action rod of the linear driving actuator, and through the detection value of the tension and pressure sensor, whether the top end of the pouring pipe reaches the top surface of the tunnel when the linear driving actuator drives the pouring pipe to move upward can be judged. In addition, the arch top pouring device is used together with a plugging device and a visual device, and thus the real-time pouring construction state can be observed, the pouring pipe can be effectively plugged, and the backflow of the concrete that has been poured into the tunnel arch top pouring cavity can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the concrete arch of a tunnel secondary lining. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel secondary lining is a crucial process in tunnel construction. Traditionally, concrete lining formwork trolleys are used to pour concrete from bottom to top using concrete pump trucks during tunnel arch pouring, filling the cavity between the formwork trolley surface and the rock surface. Whether the filling is full, dense, and compacted relies entirely on manual experience and intuition. Incomplete arch filling and insufficient concrete setting can easily lead to voids and cavities. High pumping pressure can also cause formwork collapse, deformation, and damage. Furthermore, the current existing pouring pipe outlets are positioned too low, gradually becoming buried under concrete during pouring. This pressure and obstruction from the concrete further hinders the pouring process. Additionally, after filling, the concrete settles and solidifies over time, potentially creating large cavities at the top of the cavity. Because the pouring pipe outlet is buried at the bottom of the concrete, and the concrete's fluidity decreases, it becomes difficult to pour more concrete to fill these cavities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of incomplete filling of the arch concrete in existing concrete lining formwork trolleys and the settlement caused by concrete convergence and solidification, which can easily lead to voids and cavities. This invention provides a method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the arch concrete of the tunnel secondary lining.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for horizontal directional jacking construction of concrete arch section of tunnel secondary lining, the method employing arch grouting device, sealing device and visualization device;

[0006] The dome-shaped injection device includes a support frame, a linear drive actuator, a slide block, an injection pipe, a rotary drive mechanism, a tension / compression sensor, a sliding sleeve, and a rotary joint for the injection pipe. The slide block is slidably mounted on the support frame, and the linear drive actuator is connected to the slide block to drive its up-and-down movement. A rotary drive mechanism is installed on the slide block, and the injection pipe is vertically mounted within this mechanism, allowing it to rotate. A sliding sleeve is vertically mounted on the top of the support frame, and the injection pipe is slidably mounted within this sleeve. The system includes a sliding block with a rotary joint for the injection pipe. The bottom end of the injection pipe is connected to the top end of the rotary joint, and the bottom end of the rotary joint is used to connect to an external injection pipeline. The external injection pipeline and the injection pipe are connected through the rotary joint. An outlet is provided on the top side wall of the injection pipe. The tension and compression sensor is connected to the top of the actuating rod of the linear actuator. The magnitude of the detection value of the tension and compression sensor is used to determine whether the top of the injection pipe reaches the top surface of the tunnel when the linear actuator drives the injection pipe to move upward.

[0007] The visualization device is used to be inserted into the grouting pipe to observe the grouting status of the concrete behind the formwork in real time.

[0008] The sealing device is used to be inserted into the injection tube to seal the outlet of the injection tube;

[0009] The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the secondary lining arch of a tunnel includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Design the concrete secondary lining formwork trolley for the tunnel cross-section outline. Using the formwork trolley as a support, n grouting ports are sequentially and spaced apart along the arch of the formwork trolley along its length. At each grouting port, an arch grouting device is installed. The linear drive actuators of all the arch grouting devices are controlled to drive the grouting pipes upward. When the top contact detection and limit mechanism at the top of the grouting pipe detects that it has touched the tunnel top surface, it automatically controls the linear drive actuator to stop, so that all grouting pipes reach and stop at the grouting working position. Then, the grouting pipe of the arch grouting device at grouting port #1 is connected to the external delivery pipeline, and the grouting pipes of the remaining grouting ports are inserted into the visualization device.

[0011] Step 2: Start the grouting system and pour concrete into the grouting cavity of the tunnel arch through the external delivery pipeline and the grouting pipe of grouting port No. 1; during the concrete pouring process, 360-degree all-round grouting is achieved by controlling the rotation of the grouting pipe of grouting port No. 1, and the real-time grouting construction status is observed through the adjacent visualization device.

[0012] Step 3: During the pouring process, when the height of the concrete is about to reach the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, remove the visualization device from the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, and then insert the sealing device to block the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2. Then control the pouring pipe to descend until it is flush with the surface of the formwork. In this way, as the concrete is poured in, the above operations of removing the visualization device, inserting the sealing device, and controlling the pouring pipe to descend until it is flush with the surface of the formwork are performed sequentially on the pouring pipes of other adjacent pouring ports until the concrete fills the pouring cavity of the tunnel arch.

[0013] Step 4: After the concrete fills the tunnel arch grouting cavity, control the grouting pipe of grouting port #1 to descend while grouting, until the grouting pipe is level with the surface of the formwork, then stop grouting.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the support frame is a rectangular frame structure, including a bottom beam, two vertical beams and a top beam. Vertical guide rails are provided on both vertical beams of the support frame. Slider blocks are provided at both ends of the slide block, and the slider blocks are slidably installed on the vertical guide rails, thereby realizing the sliding installation of the slide block on the vertical guide rails.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the sliding sleeve has a lower limit ring with a mounting hole. A bolt is passed through the mounting hole and connected to the top beam of the support frame, thereby fixing the sliding sleeve to the top beam of the support frame. An upper limit ring is also provided at the top of the sliding sleeve for welding to the top template of the trolley.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a sealing ring is also provided inside the sliding sleeve to ensure the sliding sealing effect between the inside of the sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the grouting pipe, and to prevent concrete from leaking or overflowing from the gap between the sliding sleeve and the grouting pipe during the construction of grouting the tunnel arch.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the injection pipe rotary joint includes a middle pipe body and an upper rotary joint and a lower rotary joint respectively rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the middle pipe body. The middle pipe body of the injection pipe rotary joint is fixedly installed on the slide by a mounting bracket. The upper rotary joint of the injection pipe rotary joint is connected to the bottom port of the injection pipe, and the lower rotary joint of the injection pipe rotary joint is used to connect to an external injection pipeline.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the top end of the infusion tube has a baffle, and two symmetrically arranged outlets or one outlet are opened on the top side wall of the infusion tube.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the rotary drive mechanism includes an outer rotating wheel, an inner fixed wheel, balls, and a pressure plate. The inner fixed wheel is sleeved around the periphery of the infusion tube, with a clearance fit between them, and is fixedly connected to a slide. The outer rotating wheel is rotatably mounted outside the inner fixed wheel, and teeth are provided on the outer wall of the outer rotating wheel, which mesh with the drive gear of the hydraulic motor mounted on the slide. The bottom port of the infusion tube has a rim, and the pressure plate is bolted to the bottom of the outer rotating wheel and fixes the rim of the bottom port of the infusion tube in the middle, thereby fixing the infusion tube to the outer rotating wheel and the pressure plate, so that the infusion tube can rotate together with the outer rotating wheel.

[0020] In the above technical solution, a limit switch is installed on the side wall of the vertical beam of the support frame to detect the low working position of the slide.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the sealing device includes an outer tube, an inner rod, and an expansion plug. The inner rod is inserted into the outer tube, and the outer tube and the inner rod are threaded together. A bottom plate is provided at the top of the outer tube, and a top plate is provided at the top of the inner rod. The expansion plug is installed between the bottom plate and the top plate. When the outer tube and the inner rod are rotated relative to each other, the distance between the bottom plate and the top plate decreases, thereby vertically compressing the expansion plug and increasing its radial dimension, thus sealing the internal channel of the injection tube.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the visualization device is based on the sealing device, with an additional pole added to the top plate, and a camera installed on the top of the pole.

[0023] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The arched grouting device used in this invention enables the grouting pipe to rotate and be raised and lowered vertically. By controlling the rotation of the grouting pipe, 360-degree omnidirectional rotation grouting and fixed-point grouting can be achieved, effectively avoiding uneven grouting and the formation of local voids.

[0025] 2. The bottom end of the injection pipe of the present invention is connected to an injection pipe rotary joint. The injection pipe rotary joint enables the external delivery pipeline and the injection pipe to be connected, and allows the injection pipe to rotate freely, as well as the external delivery pipeline to rotate freely. Thus, the external delivery pipeline can inject concrete into the injection pipe under the action of the injection pump of the injection system.

[0026] 3. The arch grouting device of the present invention is used in conjunction with a sealing device and a visualization device. The visualization device can be inserted into the grouting pipe so that the camera can reach the outlet position of the grouting pipe. During the concrete grouting process, the real-time grouting construction status can be observed through the visualization device to verify whether the grouting concrete in the arch is dense and full. The sealing device can also be inserted into the grouting pipe to seal the grouting pipe and prevent the concrete that has been injected into the tunnel arch grouting cavity from flowing back.

[0027] 4. This invention includes a tension / compression sensor at the top of the actuator rod of the linear drive actuator. The sensor's reading determines whether the top of the grouting pipe reaches the tunnel ceiling when the linear drive actuator moves the grouting pipe upwards. Upon reaching the tunnel ceiling, a signal is sent to the control system, which then stops the linear drive actuator, causing the grouting pipe to reach and stop at the grouting working position. In this position, the outlet of the grouting pipe is close to the tunnel ceiling (and the outlet is located on the top side of the grouting pipe). This has the following advantages: First, during grouting, the concrete is discharged from the outlet of the grouting pipe and falls downwards. The height of the outlet is higher than the surface of the injected concrete, thus... The opening will not be obstructed, increasing the grouting speed and reducing the pumping pressure. In the existing technology, the outlet of the grouting pipe is located low and is buried under the surrounding concrete. The concrete exerts pressure and obstruction on the outlet, thus requiring a larger pumping pressure. Secondly, because the outlet is close to the tunnel top, the camera of the visualization device can be positioned high after being inserted into the grouting pipe. During the grouting process, the camera is above the concrete liquid level, allowing observation of the entire grouting process. Thirdly, because the outlet of the grouting pipe is close to the tunnel top, even if the top of the grouting cavity is voided due to concrete settlement, new concrete can continue to be filled into the void.

[0028] 5. The grouting pipe of the present invention is slidably installed in a sliding sleeve located at the top of the support frame. The sliding sleeve ensures the stability of the grouting pipe's up and down movement. In addition, the top of the sliding sleeve is connected to the top template of the trolley. A sealing ring is also provided inside the sliding sleeve to ensure the sliding sealing effect between the inside of the sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the grouting pipe, thereby preventing concrete from leaking or overflowing from the gap between the sliding sleeve and the grouting pipe during the grouting construction process to the tunnel arch. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arch grouting device in this invention (in a low working position).

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arch grouting device in this invention (in the grouting working position).

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve of the arch grouting device in this invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the linear drive actuator and tension / compression sensor of the arch grouting device in this invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drive mechanism and the rotary joint of the injection pipe in this invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing device in this invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the visualization device in this invention.

[0036] Figures 8-12 This is a schematic diagram of the construction state of the horizontal directional jacking construction method for the arch concrete of the tunnel secondary lining according to the present invention.

[0037] For those skilled in the art, other related figures can be obtained from the above figures without any creative effort. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0039] This invention provides a method for horizontal directional jacking construction of concrete in the arch section of a tunnel secondary lining. The method employs an arch grouting device, a sealing device, and a visualization device.

[0040] See appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 The arch grouting device includes a support frame 1, a linear drive actuator 2, a slide block 3, a grouting pipe 4, a rotary drive mechanism 5, a tension / compression sensor 6, a sliding sleeve 7, and a grouting pipe rotary joint 8.

[0041] The support frame 1 is preferably a rectangular frame structure, including a bottom beam 1.1, two vertical beams 1.2 and a top beam 1.3. Vertical guide rails 1.4 are provided on both vertical beams 1.2 of the support frame. Slider blocks 1.5 are provided at both ends of the slide block 3. The slider blocks 1.5 are slidably mounted on the vertical guide rails 1.4, thereby realizing the sliding of the slide block 3 on the vertical guide rails 1.4. The slide block 3 is connected to the linear drive actuator 2. Under the drive of the linear drive actuator 2, the slide block 3 can slide vertically up and down along the vertical guide rails 1.4.

[0042] The rotary drive mechanism 5 is located below the center of the slide block 3. The infusion tube 4 is vertically installed in the rotary drive mechanism 5. The infusion tube 4 can rotate under the drive of the rotary drive mechanism 5. In addition, the slide block 3 can drive the rotary drive mechanism 5 and the infusion tube 4 to move vertically up and down, thus giving the infusion tube 4 the ability to rotate and move vertically up and down. The sliding sleeve 7 is vertically installed at the center of the top beam 1.3 of the support frame 1. Specifically, the bottom of the sliding sleeve 7 has a lower limit ring 7.1 with a mounting hole. A bolt 9 is passed through the mounting hole and connected to the top beam 1.3 of the support frame 1, thereby fixing the sliding sleeve 7 to the top beam 1.3 of the support frame 1. The grouting pipe 4 is slidably installed within the sliding sleeve 7, which ensures the stability of the grouting pipe's vertical movement. Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided inside the sliding sleeve 7. Preferably, the sealing rings inside the sliding sleeve 7 include two types: an O-ring 7.2 and a U-ring 7.3, to ensure a sliding seal between the inside of the sliding sleeve 7 and the outer wall of the grouting pipe 4, preventing concrete leakage or overflow from the gap between the sliding sleeve 7 and the grouting pipe 4 during the grouting process into the tunnel arch. Further, an upper limit ring 7.4 is also provided at the top of the sliding sleeve 7 for welding to the top template 15 of the trolley (see Appendix). Figure 4 ).

[0043] The injection tube rotary joint 8 is mounted on the slide 3 via the mounting bracket 10 and is connected to the bottom port of the injection tube 4. See Appendix. Figure 5 Specifically, the injection pipe rotary joint 8 includes a central pipe body 8.1 and an upper rotary joint 8.2 and a lower rotary joint 8.3 rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the central pipe body 8.1, respectively. The central pipe body 8.1 of the injection pipe rotary joint 8 is fixedly mounted on the slide block 3 via a mounting bracket 10. The upper rotary joint 8.2 of the injection pipe rotary joint 8 is connected to the bottom port of the injection pipe 4, and the lower rotary joint 8.3 is used to connect to the external injection pipeline 11. Since both the upper rotary joint 8.2 and the lower rotary joint 8.3 can rotate freely with the central pipe body 8.1, the injection pipe rotary joint 8 allows the external injection pipeline 11 and the injection pipe 4 to be connected while also allowing the injection pipe 4 and the external injection pipeline 11 to rotate freely. Therefore, during the injection process, the external injection pipeline can be freely adjusted to its optimal placement angle, and the injection pipe 4 can achieve directional injection through rotation.

[0044] The main body of the injection pipe 4 is a steel pipe of equal diameter. The top end of the injection pipe has a baffle 4.3, and an outlet 4.1 is provided on the top side wall of the injection pipe for discharging concrete from the top side of the injection pipe 4. The number of outlets 4.1 can be two, arranged symmetrically; or the number of outlets 4.1 can be one.

[0045] The tension / compression sensor 6 is connected to the top of the actuating rod of the linear actuator 2. When the linear actuator 2 drives the injection pipe 4 to move upward, the magnitude of the detection value of the tension / compression sensor 6 determines whether the top of the injection pipe 4 has reached the tunnel top surface. Specifically, the tension / compression sensor 6 is installed inside the top template 15 of the trolley, or it is installed on the top beam of the support frame 1. The top of the actuating rod of the linear actuator 2 is connected to the tension / compression sensor 6, and the cylinder of the linear actuator 2 is fixedly installed on the slide block 3. When the linear actuator 2 retracts and drives the injection pipe 4 to move upward, the tension / compression sensor 6 detects tension. When the top of the injection pipe 4 reaches the tunnel top surface, the tension / compression sensor 6 will instantly increase the tension value. When the tension value is greater than the set tension threshold, it is determined that the top of the injection pipe 4 has reached the tunnel top surface, and the linear actuator 2 is stopped.

[0046] Furthermore, the specific structure of the rotary drive mechanism 5 is detailed in the appendix. Figure 5 The system includes an outer rotating wheel 5.1, an inner fixed wheel 5.2, ball bearings 5.3, and a pressure plate 5.4. The inner fixed wheel 5.2 is fitted around the injection tube 4 with a clearance fit, meaning there is a gap between the inner wall of the inner fixed wheel 5.2 and the outer wall of the injection tube 4. The inner fixed wheel 5.2 is fixedly connected to the slide block 3 by a first connecting bolt 5.5. The outer rotating wheel 5.1 is rotatably mounted outside the inner fixed wheel 5.2 by ball bearings 5.3. The outer wall of the outer rotating wheel 5.1 has a toothed ring 5.11, which meshes with the drive gear 13 of the hydraulic motor 12 mounted on the slide block 3 (see Appendix). Figure 4 This allows the external rotating wheel 5.1 to rotate; the bottom port of the infusion tube 4 has a ring edge 4.2 around it, and the pressure plate 5.4 is connected to the bottom of the external rotating wheel 5.1 by the second connecting bolt 5.6 and fixes the edge 4.2 of the bottom port of the infusion tube 4 in the middle, thereby fixing the infusion tube 4 to the external rotating wheel 5.1 and the pressure plate 5.4, so that the infusion tube 4 can rotate together with the external rotating wheel 5.1.

[0047] Furthermore, a limit switch is installed on the side wall of the vertical beam 1.2 of the support frame 1 to detect the low working position of the slide. In this low working position ( Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the top end of the injection tube 4 is inside the sliding sleeve 7 and does not extend out of the sleeve. That is, when the linear actuator drives the slide 3 to run until the top end of the injection tube is flush with the top end of the sliding sleeve 7, it will trigger the limit switch, thereby controlling the linear actuator to stop at this low working position.

[0048] See appendix Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the sealing device, which is used to insert into the injection pipe and block the outlet of the injection pipe. Specifically, the sealing device includes an outer tube 211, an inner rod 221, and an expansion plug 231. The inner rod 221 is inserted inside the outer tube 211, and the outer tube 211 and the inner rod 221 are threaded together (in this embodiment, a nut 241 is fixedly welded to the top of the outer tube 211, and the outer wall of the inner rod 221 is threaded so that the inner rod 221 and the nut 241 are threaded together). A base plate 251 is provided at the top of the outer tube 211, and a top plate 261 is provided at the top of the inner rod 221. The expansion plug 231 is installed between the base plate 251 and the top plate 261. The expansion plug 231 is made of deformable rubber. When the outer tube 211 and the inner rod 221 are rotated relative to each other, the distance between the base plate 251 and the top plate 261 decreases, thereby vertically compressing the expansion plug 231, making the radial dimension of the expansion plug 231 larger, and thus sealing the internal channel of the injection tube 4. Furthermore, an outer tube handle 271 is provided at the bottom of the outer tube 211, and an inner rod handle 281 is provided at the bottom of the inner rod 221 for convenient rotation operation. Furthermore, a limiting ring 2511 is provided on the base plate 251, and the expansion plug 231 is fitted onto the limiting ring 2511 to fix and limit the expansion plug 231.

[0049] See appendix Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the visualization device, which is inserted into the grouting pipe to observe the concrete grouting status behind the formwork in real time. Specifically, the structure of the visualization device is similar to that of the sealing device, except that an additional pole 311 is added to the top plate on the sealing device, and a camera 312 is installed at the top of the pole 311. In use, the same operating method is followed, and the radial dimension of the expansion plug is increased to fix the entire visualization device inside the grouting pipe 4. The camera 312 can capture images of the grouting cavity in the tunnel arch in real time through the outlet 4.1 on the side wall of the grouting pipe 4, and display them through the display device so that construction personnel can observe the real-time construction status in the grouting cavity of the tunnel arch.

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 8 - Appendix Figure 12 This invention specifically introduces the method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the arch concrete of the tunnel secondary lining.

[0051] Step 1: See Appendix Figure 8 Based on the tunnel cross-section outline, a concrete secondary lining formwork trolley is designed. Using the formwork trolley as a support, grouting ports 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#...n are set at intervals on the arch top along the length of the formwork trolley. An arch top grouting device is set at each grouting port. All arch top grouting devices are in the initial low working position. When no concrete is being poured, the formwork trolley reaches the secondary lining lining cross-section.

[0052] Then, the linear drive actuators 2 of all the arch grouting devices are controlled to retract, driving the grouting pipes 4 to move upward. When the top contact detection limit mechanism 6 of the grouting pipe 4 detects that it has touched the top surface of the tunnel, the linear drive actuators 2 are automatically controlled to stop, so that all the grouting pipes 4 reach the grouting working position.

[0053] Then, connect the injection pipe 4 of the dome injection device at injection port #1 to the external injection pipeline, and insert the injection pipes 4 of the other injection ports into the visualization device 30 (e.g., Figure 8 (The state shown).

[0054] Step Two: See Appendix Figure 9 The grouting system is activated, and concrete is poured into the grouting cavity of the tunnel arch through the external delivery pipeline and the grouting pipe 4 of grouting port 1. During the concrete pouring process, 360-degree all-round grouting is achieved by controlling the rotation of grouting pipe 4 of grouting port 1, and the real-time grouting construction status is observed through the visualization device 30 in other grouting pipes.

[0055] Step 3: During the pouring process, when the concrete height is about to reach the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, remove the visualization device from the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, and then insert the sealing device 20 to seal the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2 (as shown in the attached document). Figure 10 (as shown), then control the injection pipe to descend until it is flush with the template surface (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 11 As shown in the figure, as concrete is continuously poured in, the above-mentioned operations of removing the visualization device, inserting the sealing device 20, and controlling the pouring pipe to descend to the same level as the template surface are performed on the pouring pipes of other adjacent pouring ports in sequence until the concrete fills the pouring cavity of the tunnel arch.

[0056] Step 4: After the concrete has filled the tunnel arch grouting cavity, control the grouting pipe of grouting port #1 to descend while grouting (no need to seal) until the grouting pipe is level with the surface of the formwork (see Appendix). Figure 12 Stop the infusion.

[0057] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as being “down” of other elements or features would be positioned “up” of those other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term “down” can encompass both up and down orientations. The device may be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0058] Moreover, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between the components.

[0059] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the arch of a tunnel secondary lining, characterized in that: This method employs an arch-shaped injection device, a sealing device, and a visualization device; The dome-shaped injection device includes a support frame, a linear drive actuator, a slide block, an injection pipe, a rotary drive mechanism, a tension / compression sensor, a sliding sleeve, and a rotary joint for the injection pipe. The slide block is slidably mounted on the support frame, and the linear drive actuator is connected to the slide block to drive its up-and-down movement. A rotary drive mechanism is installed on the slide block, and the injection pipe is vertically mounted within this mechanism, allowing it to rotate. A sliding sleeve is vertically mounted on the top of the support frame, and the injection pipe is slidably mounted within this sleeve. The system includes a sliding block with a rotary joint for the injection pipe. The bottom end of the injection pipe is connected to the top end of the rotary joint, and the bottom end of the rotary joint is used to connect to an external injection pipeline. The external injection pipeline and the injection pipe are connected through the rotary joint. An outlet is provided on the top side wall of the injection pipe. The tension and compression sensor is connected to the top of the actuating rod of the linear actuator. The magnitude of the detection value of the tension and compression sensor is used to determine whether the top of the injection pipe reaches the top surface of the tunnel when the linear actuator drives the injection pipe to move upward. The visualization device is used to be inserted into the grouting pipe to observe the grouting status of the concrete behind the formwork in real time. The sealing device is used to be inserted into the injection tube to seal the outlet of the injection tube; The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the secondary lining arch of a tunnel includes the following steps: Step 1: Design the concrete secondary lining formwork trolley for the tunnel cross-section outline. Using the formwork trolley as a support, n grouting ports are sequentially and spaced apart along the arch of the formwork trolley along its length. At each grouting port, an arch grouting device is installed. The linear drive actuators of all the arch grouting devices are controlled to drive the grouting pipes upward. When the top contact detection and limit mechanism at the top of the grouting pipe detects that it has touched the tunnel top surface, it automatically controls the linear drive actuator to stop, so that all grouting pipes reach and stop at the grouting working position. Then, the grouting pipe of the arch grouting device at grouting port #1 is connected to the external delivery pipeline, and the grouting pipes of the remaining grouting ports are inserted into the visualization device. Step 2: Start the grouting system and pour concrete into the grouting cavity of the tunnel arch through the external delivery pipeline and the grouting pipe of grouting port No. 1; during the concrete pouring process, 360-degree all-round grouting is achieved by controlling the rotation of the grouting pipe of grouting port No. 1, and the real-time grouting construction status is observed through the adjacent visualization device. Step 3: During the pouring process, when the concrete height is about to reach the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, remove the visualization device from the pouring pipe at pouring port #2, and then insert the sealing device to block the top outlet of the pouring pipe at pouring port #2. Then control the pouring pipe to descend until it is flush with the formwork surface. In this way, as the concrete is continuously poured in, the above operations of removing the visualization device, inserting the sealing device, and controlling the pouring pipe to descend until it is flush with the formwork surface are performed sequentially on the pouring pipes of other adjacent pouring ports until the concrete fills the pouring cavity of the tunnel arch. Step 4: After the concrete fills the tunnel arch grouting cavity, control the grouting pipe of grouting port #1 to descend while grouting, until the grouting pipe is level with the surface of the formwork, then stop grouting.

2. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is a rectangular frame structure, including a bottom beam, two vertical beams and a top beam. Vertical guide rails are provided on both vertical beams of the support frame. Slider blocks are provided at both ends of the slide block, and the slider blocks are slidably installed on the vertical guide rails, thereby realizing the sliding installation of the slide block on the vertical guide rails.

3. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sliding sleeve has a lower limit ring with mounting holes. Bolts are passed through these mounting holes and connected to the top beam of the support frame to fix the sliding sleeve to the top beam of the support frame. An upper limit ring is also provided at the top of the sliding sleeve for welding to the top template of the trolley.

4. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is also installed inside the sliding sleeve to ensure the sliding seal between the inside of the sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the grouting pipe, preventing concrete from leaking or overflowing from the gap between the sliding sleeve and the grouting pipe during the pouring process into the tunnel arch.

5. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection pipe rotary joint includes a middle pipe body and an upper rotary joint and a lower rotary joint that are rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the middle pipe body, respectively. The middle pipe body of the injection pipe rotary joint is fixedly installed on the slide by a mounting bracket. The upper rotary joint of the injection pipe rotary joint is connected to the bottom port of the injection pipe, and the lower rotary joint of the injection pipe rotary joint is used to connect to an external injection pipeline.

6. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the infusion tube has a baffle, and two symmetrically arranged outlets, or one outlet, are provided on the top side wall of the infusion tube.

7. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism includes an outer rotating wheel, an inner fixed wheel, balls, and a pressure plate. The inner fixed wheel is fitted around the infusion tube with a clearance fit, and is fixedly connected to a slide. The outer rotating wheel is rotatably mounted outside the inner fixed wheel, and its outer wall has teeth that mesh with the drive gear of a drive motor mounted on the slide. The bottom port of the infusion tube has a rim, and the pressure plate is bolted to the bottom of the outer rotating wheel, fixing the rim of the bottom port of the infusion tube in the middle, thereby fixing the infusion tube to the outer rotating wheel and the pressure plate, allowing the infusion tube to rotate together with the outer rotating wheel.

8. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limit switches are installed on the side walls of the vertical beams of the support frame to detect the low working position of the slide.

9. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing device includes an outer tube, an inner rod, and an expansion plug. The inner rod is inserted inside the outer tube, and the outer tube and the inner rod are threaded together. A bottom plate is provided at the top of the outer tube, and a top plate is provided at the top of the inner rod. The expansion plug is installed between the bottom plate and the top plate. When the outer tube and the inner rod are rotated relative to each other, the distance between the bottom plate and the top plate decreases, thereby vertically compressing the expansion plug and increasing its radial dimension, thus sealing the internal passage of the injection tube.

10. The method for horizontal directional jacking construction of the tunnel secondary lining arch concrete according to claim 9, characterized in that: The visualization device is based on the sealing device, with an additional pole added to the top plate, and a camera installed at the top of the pole.

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