Automatic positioning and machining device for screw rod and automatic machining method

Abstract

The application discloses a screw automatic positioning machining device and an automatic machining method. The screw automatic positioning machining device comprises a feeding mechanism, a machining bin and a discharging mechanism which are sequentially connected. The machining bin is provided with a chuck and a sliding table supporting plate. The chuck is connected with the feeding mechanism. The chuck is provided with a first positioning mechanism above. The sliding table supporting plate is fixedly provided with a second positioning mechanism, a feeding transition mechanism and a cutter. The automatic machining method comprises feeding; adjusting a screw clamping length and detecting a current screw angle value; one-time angle positioning; two-time angle positioning; machining and discharging. The application has the advantages that automatic feeding, positioning, machining and discharging can be realized without manual participation, and the machining efficiency is high. The one-time angle positioning is performed when the second positioning mechanism adjusts the screw clamping length, the occupied time is less, and the overall machining period can be shortened. The two-time angle positioning is provided to confirm that the machining angle is correct, and whether the screw thread size has an error can be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screw machining, and more particularly to an automatic screw positioning machining device and automatic machining method. Background Technology

[0002] A screw is a widely used transmission component in various mechanical devices, serving multiple purposes. In some cases, the screw cannot be used directly; sometimes it needs to be machined to create a flat surface for components such as ferrules. When machining a screw, there are specific requirements for the machining angle and length. Therefore, when machining each screw, workers need to manually adjust the screw length and angle, which is tedious, prone to errors, and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention mainly solves the above-mentioned problems and provides an automatic screw positioning and processing device and an automatic processing method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is an automatic screw positioning and processing device, which includes a feeding mechanism, a processing chamber and a unloading mechanism connected in sequence. The processing chamber is provided with a chuck and a slide plate. The chuck is connected to the feeding mechanism. A first positioning mechanism is provided above the chuck. A second positioning mechanism, a feeding transition mechanism and a cutting tool are fixedly arranged on the slide plate.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the first positioning mechanism includes a horizontal plate and a first laser ranging sensor. The first end of the horizontal plate is correlated with the processing chamber, and the first laser ranging sensor is fixedly installed at the second end of the horizontal plate, with the first laser ranging sensor set vertically downward.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the second positioning mechanism includes a stop block, an annular turntable, a second laser ranging sensor, an angle sensor, and a first motor. The stop block is located at the center of the annular turntable, the second laser ranging sensor is fixedly mounted on the annular turntable, the annular turntable is driven by the first motor, the angle sensor detects the rotation angle of the annular turntable, and the distance from the second laser ranging sensor to the center of the stop block is between the major and minor diameters of the screw to be processed.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the feeding mechanism includes a pushing cylinder, a first stacking slope, a first material trough, and a first lifting cylinder. The first material trough is located at the lowest end of the first stacking slope. A first baffle is provided between the first material trough and the first stacking slope. The first lifting cylinder is located below the side of the first baffle facing the first stacking slope. The pushing cylinder is located at the first end of the first material trough. The second end of the first material trough passes through the processing chamber wall and is connected to the chuck.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the feeding mechanism includes a second material stacking slope, a second material trough, a second top material cylinder, a telescopic cylinder, and a clamping cylinder. The second material trough is located at the uppermost end of the second material stacking slope. The second top material cylinder is disposed in the second material trough. The first end of the second material trough is connected to the processing chamber. The telescopic cylinder is disposed at the second end of the second material trough. The clamping cylinder is fixedly disposed on the movable end of the telescopic cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the feeding transition mechanism includes a mounting base and a tube. The mounting base is fixedly mounted on the slide plate, and the tube is fixedly mounted on the mounting base. The length of the tube is less than the length of the screw to be processed.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the slide plate is equipped with a chip removal wheel.

[0011] Correspondingly, the present invention also proposes an automatic screw positioning and processing method for the aforementioned automatic screw positioning and processing device, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: The feeding mechanism pushes the screw into the chuck;

[0013] S2: The slide plate slides, and the second positioning mechanism adjusts the screw clamping length and detects the current screw angle value;

[0014] S3: Perform an angle positioning. When the slide plate retracts, the chuck clamps the screw and drives the screw to rotate according to the preset screw angle value and the current screw angle value.

[0015] S4: The first positioning mechanism performs secondary angular positioning on the screw. If the distance of the secondary angular positioning meets the requirements, processing begins; if it does not meet the requirements, the chuck rotates and monitors in real time until the secondary angular positioning meets the requirements.

[0016] S5: Align the feeding transition mechanism with the chuck, the loading mechanism pushes the next screw into the chuck and pushes the processed screw into the feeding process mechanism, the unloading mechanism takes the material from the other end of the feeding transition mechanism and returns to step S2.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, in step S2, the slide plate moves according to a preset program, and the screw is pushed into the chuck by the abutment block. During the process of pushing the screw, the annular turntable rotates, and the second laser ranging sensor detects the distance from the annular turntable to the screw thread. When the distance value detected by the second laser ranging sensor changes abruptly, the angle value of the current angle sensor is recorded, and this angle value is set as the current screw angle.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the secondary angle positioning in step S4 includes the first laser ranging sensor detecting the distance from itself to the screw. If the distance is equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning meets the requirements; if the distance is not equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning does not meet the requirements; if the distance is less than the second preset value, the chip removal wheel is controlled to remove chips from the screw; if the distance is still less than the second preset value after chip removal, it indicates that there is an error in the screw thread size, and the machine is stopped and an alarm is triggered.

[0019] The advantages of this invention are: it can realize automatic feeding, positioning, processing and unloading without manual intervention, and has high processing efficiency; the primary angle positioning is performed when the second positioning mechanism adjusts the screw clamping length, which takes less time and can shorten the overall processing cycle; the secondary angle positioning confirms that the processing angle is correct and can also detect whether there is an error in the screw thread size. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view of the automatic screw positioning and processing device in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the second positioning mechanism in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic screw positioning machining method in the embodiment.

[0023] 1-Pushing cylinder 2-First material trough 3-First material stacking slope 4-First material lifting cylinder 5-Processing bin wall 6-Chuck 7-Horizontal plate 8-Screw to be processed 9-Slide table support plate 10-Cutting tool 11-Mounting base 12-Pipe body 13-Second positioning mechanism 14-Second material trough 15-Second material lifting cylinder 16-Telescopic cylinder 17-Clamping cylinder 18-Second material stacking slope 19-Abutting block 20-Annular turntable 21-Second laser rangefinder sensor Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example:

[0026] This embodiment describes an automatic screw positioning and processing device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a feeding mechanism, a processing chamber, and a discharging mechanism connected in sequence. The processing chamber is equipped with a chuck 6 and a slide plate 9. The chuck 6 is connected to the feeding mechanism. A first positioning mechanism is provided above the chuck 6. A second positioning mechanism 13, a feeding transition mechanism, a cutting tool 10, and a chip removal wheel are fixedly installed on the slide plate.

[0027] The feeding mechanism includes a pushing cylinder 1, a first stacking slope 3, a first material trough 2, and a first lifting cylinder 4. The first material trough 2 is located at the lowest end of the first stacking slope 3. A first baffle is provided between the first material trough 2 and the first stacking slope 3. The first lifting cylinder 4 is located on the side below the first baffle facing the first stacking slope 3. The pushing cylinder 4 is located at the first end of the first material trough 2. The second end of the first material trough 2 passes through the processing chamber wall 5 and is connected to the chuck 7. The screw 8 to be processed is stacked horizontally in the first pile slope 3. Under the action of gravity, the screw 8 will roll to the bottom of the first pile slope and be blocked by the first baffle. When feeding, the first top-feeding cylinder 4 is lifted upward, so that the screw 8 to be processed located directly above the first top-feeding cylinder 4 is higher than the first baffle. Then, under the action of gravity, the screw 8 to be processed rolls into the first material groove 2. Then, the push-feeding cylinder 1 pushes the screw 8 to be processed so that it enters the chuck along the first material groove 2. When the push-feeding cylinder pushes the material, the length of the screw 8 extending out of the chuck should be greater than the length required for processing.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the second positioning mechanism 13 includes a stop block 19, an annular turntable 20, a second laser rangefinder 21, an angle sensor, and a first motor. The stop block 19 is located at the center of the annular turntable 20. The second laser rangefinder 21 is fixedly mounted on the annular turntable 20. The annular turntable 20 is driven by the first motor. The angle sensor detects the rotation angle of the annular turntable 20. The distance from the second laser rangefinder 21 to the center of the stop block 19 is between the major and minor diameters of the screw to be processed. After the feeding mechanism finishes feeding, the slide plate moves to align the stop block with the screw to be processed. Then, the slide plate drives the second positioning mechanism to move towards the chuck. During the movement, the stop block abuts against the end of the screw to be processed, pressing the screw into the chuck. When the slide plate moves to the preset position, the clamping length of the screw is adjusted. During the adjustment of the screw clamping length, the first motor drives the annular turntable to rotate. As the turntable rotates, the second laser ranging sensor 21 continuously detects the distance from the turntable to the thread at the screw end face. For screws with the same thread specification and length, different screws are essentially identical; therefore, the thread endpoints at their ends should also be the same. As the annular turntable drives the second laser ranging sensor 21 to rotate, the distance value detected by the second laser ranging sensor will change abruptly when passing the thread endpoint. Based on this, the angle of the screw to be processed can be determined, i.e., the value of the angle sensor. Since the processing angle of the screw to be processed is known, the required rotation angle of the chuck can be obtained by calculating the difference between the current processing angle and the current angle of the screw. After adjusting the screw clamping length, the pallet slide moves horizontally to the right. During this rightward movement, the chuck clamps the screw and rotates it according to the calculated rotation angle, completing one angular positioning of the screw.

[0029] The first positioning mechanism includes a horizontal plate 7 and a first laser rangefinder sensor. The first end of the horizontal plate 7 is fixed to the processing chamber 5, and the first laser rangefinder sensor is fixedly mounted at the second end of the horizontal plate 7, pointing vertically downwards. The first positioning mechanism performs secondary angular positioning on the screw to be processed. The screw has an approximately circular shape on its radial surface, and the distance from each point on the radial surface edge to the axis changes with the angle. Therefore, the angle of the screw can be positioned by detecting the distance from a certain point to the side of the screw. After completing the first angular positioning, the first laser rangefinder sensor detects the distance from the laser rangefinder sensor to the screw surface. If this distance equals a first preset value, the secondary angular positioning is successful, and processing can proceed. If the distance does not equal the first preset value, the chuck rotates the screw, and the first laser rangefinder sensor measures the distance in real time during rotation, ensuring that the detected distance is at least equal to the first preset value. If the detected distance is less than a second preset value during the measurement process, it indicates an error in the screw thread, and the machine should be stopped and an alarm should be triggered. The second pre-contraction value is the distance from the highest point of the thread to the second laser sensor. After completing the secondary angle positioning, the slide plate can drive the cutting tool to process the screw according to the preset program.

[0030] The feeding transition mechanism includes a mounting base 11 and a tube 12. The mounting base 11 is fixedly mounted on the slide plate 9, and the tube 12 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 11. The length of the tube 12 is less than the length of the screw to be processed. The feeding transition mechanism is used to receive the processed screw so that it can be clamped by the unloading mechanism. The unloading mechanism includes a second stacking slope 18, a second material trough 14, a second top-loading cylinder 15, a telescopic cylinder 16, and a clamping cylinder 17. The second material trough 14 is located at the uppermost end of the second stacking slope 18. The second top-loading cylinder 15 is disposed in the second material trough 14. The first end of the second material trough 14 is connected to the processing chamber. The telescopic cylinder 16 is disposed at the second end of the second material trough 14. The clamping cylinder 17 is fixedly disposed on the movable end of the telescopic cylinder 16. After the screw is machined, the sliding table plate moves the tube 12 to align with the screw. Then, the feeding mechanism begins feeding. During feeding, the screw to be processed pushes the machined screw in the chuck into the tube, and the machined screw extends from the right end of the tube. Subsequently, the telescopic cylinder extends the second material groove into the processing chamber to the right end of the tube, and the clamping cylinder clamps the machined screw. Then, the telescopic cylinder retracts, and the machined screw is clamped into the second material groove. Next, the second ejector cylinder rises, lifting the screw in the second material groove. At the same time, the screw rolls into the second guide slope under the action of gravity, and finally rolls along the second guide slope to the bottom of the second guide slope. When the unloading mechanism clamps the screw away from the tube, the sliding table plate can slide to the right simultaneously to prevent the screw from falling.

[0031] Correspondingly, this embodiment also provides an automatic positioning machining method for the aforementioned screw automatic positioning machining device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0032] S1: The feeding mechanism pushes the screw into the chuck;

[0033] S2: The slide plate slides, the second positioning mechanism adjusts the screw clamping length and detects the current screw angle value. The slide plate moves according to a preset program, using the stop block to push the screw into the chuck. During the process of pushing the screw, the annular turntable rotates, and the second laser ranging sensor detects the distance from the annular turntable to the screw thread. When the distance value detected by the second laser ranging sensor changes abruptly, the angle value of the current angle sensor is recorded, and this angle value is set as the current screw angle.

[0034] S3: Perform an angle positioning. When the slide plate retracts, the chuck clamps the screw and drives the screw to rotate according to the preset screw angle value and the current screw angle value.

[0035] S4: The first positioning mechanism performs secondary angle positioning on the screw. If the secondary angle positioning meets the requirements, processing begins; if it does not meet the requirements, the chuck rotates and monitors in real time until the secondary angle positioning meets the requirements. Secondary angle positioning includes the first laser rangefinder detecting the distance from itself to the screw. If the distance is equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning meets the requirements; if the distance is not equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning does not meet the requirements; if the distance is less than the second preset value, the chip removal wheel is controlled to remove chips from the screw; if the distance is still less than the second preset value after chip removal, it indicates an error in the screw thread size, and the machine stops and an alarm sounds.

[0036] S5: Align the feeding transition mechanism with the chuck, the loading mechanism pushes the next screw into the chuck and pushes the processed screw into the feeding process mechanism, the unloading mechanism takes the material from the other end of the feeding transition mechanism and returns to step S2.

[0037] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic screw positioning and processing device, characterized in that: The device includes a feeding mechanism, a processing chamber, and a discharging mechanism connected in sequence. The processing chamber is equipped with a chuck and a sliding table. The chuck is connected to the feeding mechanism. A first positioning mechanism is located above the chuck. A second positioning mechanism, a feeding transition mechanism, and a cutting tool are fixedly mounted on the sliding table. The second positioning mechanism includes a stop block, a ring turntable, a second laser rangefinder, an angle sensor, and a first motor. The stop block is located at the center of the ring turntable. The second laser rangefinder is fixedly mounted on the ring turntable. The ring turntable is driven by the first motor. The angle sensor detects the rotation angle of the ring turntable. The distance from the second laser rangefinder to the center of the stop block is between the major and minor diameters of the screw to be processed.

2. The automatic screw positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning mechanism includes a horizontal plate and a first laser ranging sensor. The first end of the horizontal plate is fixed to the processing chamber, and the first laser ranging sensor is fixedly installed at the second end of the horizontal plate, with the first laser ranging sensor set vertically downward.

3. The automatic screw positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a pushing cylinder, a first stacking slope, a first material trough, and a first lifting cylinder. The first material trough is located at the lowest end of the first stacking slope. A first baffle is provided between the first material trough and the first stacking slope. The first lifting cylinder is located below the first baffle facing the first stacking slope. The pushing cylinder is located at the first end of the first material trough. The second end of the first material trough passes through the processing chamber wall and is connected to the chuck.

4. The automatic screw positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a second material stacking slope, a second material trough, a second top material cylinder, a telescopic cylinder, and a clamping cylinder. The second material trough is located at the uppermost end of the second material stacking slope. The second top material cylinder is installed in the second material trough. The first end of the second material trough is connected to the processing chamber. The telescopic cylinder is located at the second end of the second material trough. The clamping cylinder is fixedly installed on the movable end of the telescopic cylinder.

5. The automatic screw positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding transition mechanism includes a mounting base and a tube. The mounting base is fixedly mounted on the slide plate, and the tube is fixedly mounted on the mounting base. The length of the tube is less than the length of the screw to be processed.

6. The automatic screw positioning and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide plate is equipped with a chip removal wheel.

7. A method for automatic screw positioning and machining, used in the automatic screw positioning and machining device of claim 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The feeding mechanism pushes the screw into the chuck; S2: The slide plate slides, and the second positioning mechanism adjusts the screw clamping length and detects the current screw angle value; S3: Perform an angle positioning. When the slide plate retracts, the chuck clamps the screw and drives the screw to rotate according to the preset screw angle value and the current screw angle value. S4: The first positioning mechanism performs secondary angular positioning on the screw. If the secondary angular positioning meets the requirements, processing begins; if it does not meet the requirements, the chuck rotates and monitors in real time until the secondary angular positioning meets the requirements. S5: Align the feeding transition mechanism with the chuck, the loading mechanism pushes the next screw into the chuck and the processed screw into the feeding transition mechanism, the unloading mechanism takes the material from the other end of the feeding transition mechanism and returns to step S2.

8. The automatic screw positioning machining method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the slide plate moves according to a preset program, and the screw is pushed into the chuck by the abutment block. During the process of pushing the screw, the annular turntable rotates. The second laser ranging sensor detects the distance from the annular turntable to the screw thread. When the distance value detected by the second laser ranging sensor changes abruptly, the angle value of the current angle sensor is recorded, and this angle value is set as the current screw angle.

9. The automatic screw positioning machining method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the secondary angle positioning includes the first laser ranging sensor detecting the distance from itself to the screw. If the distance is equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning meets the requirements. If the distance is not equal to the first preset value, the secondary angle positioning does not meet the requirements. If the distance is less than the second preset value, the chip removal wheel is controlled to remove chips from the screw. If the distance is still less than the second preset value after chip removal, it indicates that there is an error in the screw thread size, and the machine is stopped and an alarm is triggered.

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