A laser repair system for aging insulators and a laser repair method thereof

Abstract

A laser repair system for aging insulators and a laser repair method thereof, a fixing support and a laser repair device; the fixing support is used for connecting the insulator and the laser repair device, the fixing support is sleeved on the insulator, the fixing support is rotationally matched with the insulator, the fixing support rotates along the central axis of the insulator, the laser head of the laser repair device is arranged on the fixing support, the laser head of the laser repair device rotates around the insulator, the laser head of the laser repair device slides up and down on the fixing support, the sliding track of the laser head of the laser repair device is parallel to the central axis of the insulator, and the laser head of the laser repair device is arranged opposite the umbrella skirt of the insulator. The design can not only adjust the irradiation range of the laser head through a galvanometer, effectively improve the stripping effect, but also complete the on-line repair work of the insulator, and effectively shorten the maintenance period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a laser repair system, and more particularly to a laser repair system and method for aging insulators. Background Technology

[0002] Insulators are an important component of power systems, serving to isolate conductors from the ground or other electrical equipment in transmission lines, while also supporting and connecting the conductors. In high-altitude areas with strong ultraviolet radiation, the combined effects of intense ultraviolet light, humidity, and corona discharge can lead to aging phenomena such as reduced hydrophobicity and deterioration of mechanical and electrical properties on the surface or in localized areas of silicone rubber. In severe cases, this can even cause flashover of the external insulation of transmission lines.

[0003] In the past, when insulators showed signs of weakened hydrophobicity, the entire insulator was typically replaced. However, given the sheer number of insulators currently in use, replacing an entire insulator is prohibitively expensive and does not align with the requirements of green and environmentally friendly development. Furthermore, aged composite insulators only exhibit surface aging phenomena such as cracking and powdering, while their internal components still maintain excellent performance. If the aged layer on the surface of the insulator can be removed non-destructively to expose the new internal insulation layer, it may be possible to restore the insulator's performance, extend its service life, and reduce transmission line maintenance costs, resulting in significant economic benefits and meeting the requirements of green development.

[0004] Therefore, laser stripping technology is commonly used for surface repair of aging insulators. As a high-energy particle beam, lasers offer advantages such as concentrated energy and good directionality, and are widely used for cleaning and repairing various aged and contaminated surfaces. Its cleaning and repair mechanism removes surface materials through phenomena such as vaporization and thermoelastic expansion. It achieves the removal of the aged surface layer by rapidly heating the target material and inducing a physicochemical reaction. Furthermore, laser stripping offers advantages such as no need for a medium, no size limitations, online cleaning capability, and minimal waste or exhaust gas generation during the process, making it a green and pollution-free repair method.

[0005] Although this device can effectively repair old composite insulators and restore their service performance, it still has the following drawbacks:

[0006] 1. Due to the complex and irregular surface shape that needs to be repaired, conventional laser stripping devices often miss or repeat stripping during the stripping process, resulting in uneven stripping effect.

[0007] 2. The insulator consists of multiple raised disc structures set on the core rod. The surface to be repaired has a complex and irregular shape, and conventional laser stripping devices have difficulty focusing accurately.

[0008] 3. On high-voltage transmission lines, especially in high-altitude working environments, the commonly used semi-automatic laser stripping devices are difficult to use. Often, the insulators can only be removed and repaired on the ground, resulting in a long maintenance cycle.

[0009] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance understanding of the overall background of this application and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as uneven peeling effect, difficulty in accurate focusing, and long maintenance cycle, and to provide a laser repair system and laser repair method for aging insulators that has a uniform peeling effect, can accurately focus, and has a short maintenance cycle.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0012] A laser repair system and method for aging insulators: The laser repair system includes a fixed support and a laser repair device.

[0013] The fixed support is used to connect the insulator and the laser repair device. The fixed support is sleeved on the insulator and rotates with the insulator. The fixed support rotates along the central axis of the insulator. The laser repair device includes a laser head, a laser, and a controller. The laser head is slidably mounted on the fixed support and rotates around the insulator. The sliding track of the laser head is parallel to the central axis of the insulator. The laser head is positioned directly opposite the insulator's skirt. The incident end of the laser head is connected to the laser via an optical fiber. The controller is signal-connected to the laser head and the laser.

[0014] The fixed support includes an annular clamp and a rotating frame. The annular clamp is sleeved on the insulator, and the inner wall of the annular clamp is pressed tightly against the insulator. The rotating frame is rotatably engaged with the annular clamp, and the rotation center of the rotating frame is located on the central axis of the insulator.

[0015] The laser repair device also includes a ranging device. The laser head is slidably connected to the rotating frame. The ranging device is fixedly installed at the emitting end of the laser head. The emitting end of the laser head is positioned directly opposite the shed of the insulator. The detection end of the ranging device is positioned in the same direction as the emitting end of the laser head.

[0016] The laser head includes a housing, a movable focusing lens, a galvanometer, and a lens. The movable focusing lens, galvanometer, and lens are all disposed inside the housing. The galvanometer is a one-dimensional galvanometer. The movable focusing lens, galvanometer, and lens are arranged sequentially from the incident end to the output end of the laser head.

[0017] The focusing signal input terminal of the movable focusing lens is connected to the focusing signal output terminal of the controller, and the swing signal input terminal of the galvanometer is connected to the swing signal output terminal of the controller.

[0018] The laser is a nanosecond pulsed fiber laser. The laser light generated by the laser enters the incident end of the laser head through an optical fiber, and then passes through a movable focusing mirror, a galvanometer, and a lens in sequence before being emitted from the emitting end of the laser head. The focal points of the movable focusing mirror, the galvanometer, and the lens are located on the same optical path.

[0019] The laser repair system also includes two annular clamps, which are respectively set at both ends of the insulator core rod. Each annular clamp includes two semi-annular clamps, one end of which is hinged to each other, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a fastening device 13 that cooperates with each other. The two semi-annular clamps cooperate to form a complete annular clamping mechanism. The inner edge of the semi-annular clamp is pressed against the outer edge of the insulator. The top and bottom of the annular clamping mechanism formed by the two semi-annular clamps each have an annular slide rail coaxial with the insulator.

[0020] The rotating frame includes a slide rod, a vertical slider, and two connecting rods. The slide rod is arranged parallel to the central axis of the insulator. The vertical slider cooperates with the slide rod. The top and bottom of the slide rod are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rod. The two connecting rods are both perpendicular to the slide rod. The other ends of the two connecting rods are fixedly provided with connecting forks. The two ends of the connecting forks are respectively slidably engaged with two annular tracks on the annular clamp.

[0021] The laser head is a laser head with an angle adjustment function, and the base of the laser head is fixedly mounted on a vertical slider;

[0022] A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the vertical slider. The power output end of the lifting motor is connected to the sliding rod transmission. The lifting signal input end of the lifting motor is connected to the lifting signal output end of the controller.

[0023] The end of the connecting rod is provided with an arc-shaped slider, the connecting rod is perpendicular to the arc-shaped slider, and the arc-shaped slider cooperates with the annular slide rail;

[0024] A rotary drive device is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped slider. The rotary drive device is in transmission cooperation with the annular slide rail. The rotary signal input terminal of the rotary drive device is connected to the rotary signal output terminal of the controller.

[0025] A laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators, the laser repair method comprising the following steps:

[0026] The fixed support is fitted onto the insulator. The laser head angle is adjusted so that the angle β between the laser head and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head can scan the entire surface of the insulator. When the angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller adjusts the laser head to the initial position. The controller controls the laser head to automatically focus. The controller reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database and adjusts the parameters of the laser head according to the optimal parameters. When the parameters of the laser head meet the requirements of the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer, the controller controls the laser to emit laser light that meets the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer. At the same time, the controller controls the laser head to slide at a constant speed along the sliding track to perform a single scan on each skirt of the insulator. The controller controls the laser head to automatically focus in real time. After the scan is completed, the laser head returns to the initial position. After each single scan, the fixed support is rotated to adjust the single scan angle θ of the laser head relative to the insulator before performing the next single scan, until the laser head has scanned the entire outer surface of the insulator.

[0027] The fixed support is fitted onto the insulator, and the laser head angle is adjusted so that the angle β between the laser head and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that allows the laser head to scan the entire surface of the insulator. This includes:

[0028] The fastening device 13 on the ring clamp is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the core rod of the insulator. After the ring clamp is fixed, the controller controls the laser to start working. The laser emits red light. The controller controls the height of the vertical slider to the initial position and adjusts the laser head angle so that the red light of the laser head is directly facing the connection between the skirt and the core rod. At the same time, the light path emitted by the laser head is close to the outer edge of the previous skirt. At this time, the angle β between the laser head and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head can scan the entire surface of the insulator.

[0029] When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller adjusts the laser head to the initial position. Simultaneously, the controller reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aged layer stored in its database and adjusts the laser head parameters accordingly, including:

[0030] When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller adjusts the position of the vertical slider so that the laser head's red light irradiation position is located at the connection point between the topmost shed and the core rod of the insulator. The controller then stops the vertical slider's movement. After the vertical slider stops moving, the ranging device detects the distance Y between the laser head's emitting end and the insulator surface and sends the distance Y to the controller. The controller calculates the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens of the laser head based on the distance Y. The expression for the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens is:

[0031] X = X3 - X1 - X2;

[0032] In the above formula, the moving distance X is the distance between the initial position and the adjusted position of the movable focusing lens, X1 is the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head and the surface of the insulator, X2 is the optical path distance of the laser head position, and X3 is the focal length of the movable focusing lens. After the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens is calculated, the controller controls the movable focusing lens to move to position X. After the movable focusing lens moves to position X, the controller reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database. The optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer include laser power P0, pulse width τ0, galvanometer frequency F0, laser frequency f0, vertical slider speed v0, and scanning amplitude L0. After the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer are read, the controller drives the movable focusing lens and galvanometer to move until the movable focusing lens and galvanometer move to a position that satisfies the pulse width τ0 and the galvanometer frequency F0.

[0033] The controller controls the laser to emit laser light with parameters optimal for laser stripping of the aged layer, and simultaneously controls the laser head to slide at a constant speed along a sliding track to perform a single scan of each shed on the insulator. The controller also controls the laser head to automatically focus in real time. After scanning, the laser head returns to its initial position. This includes:

[0034] The controller controls the laser to emit laser light with parameters optimal for laser stripping of the aged layer. Simultaneously, the controller controls a vertical slider to move at a constant speed from top to bottom, with a speed of v0. During the slider's movement, a ranging device continuously monitors the distance Y between the laser head's emitting end and the insulator surface, sending this distance Y to the controller. The controller calculates the movable focusing lens's moving distance X based on Y = X1 and X = X3 - X1 - X2. Once the moving distance X is calculated, the controller moves the movable focusing lens to position X. Simultaneously, the system calculates the galvanometer output scanning amplitude L and the real-time laser frequency f. The expression for the scanning amplitude L is:

[0035]

[0036] The expression for the real-time laser frequency f is:

[0037]

[0038] In the above formula, d is the diameter of the insulator axis. When the laser emitted by the laser leaves the last shed on the insulator, the controller controls the laser to stop emitting laser light and simultaneously controls the vertical slider to return to the initial position.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] 1. This invention discloses a laser repair system for aging insulators. A ring clamp holds the insulator, and a rotating frame rotatably engages with the ring clamp. The laser head can slide parallel to the central axis of the insulator on the rotating frame. When the rotating frame is stationary and the laser head slides from one end of the rotating frame to the other, the laser head's irradiation position sequentially passes through each shed on the insulator, forming an irradiation area on each shed. After the rotating frame rotates, the laser head's irradiation position is offset from the previous irradiation area, enabling the removal of the aging layer from the entire insulator. Therefore, this invention can achieve the removal of the aging layer from the entire insulator.

[0041] 2. In this invention, a laser repair system for aging insulators includes a laser head equipped with a galvanometer. The rotation of the galvanometer adjusts the laser head's irradiation angle. During repair, the angle between the laser head and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the angle between the insulator's surface and the horizontal plane. This allows the laser head to irradiate the entire upper surface of the insulator, with the irradiation range being a fan-shaped area with the same radius as the insulator. Because the radius of the fan-shaped area is the same as the insulator's radius, multiple fan-shaped areas can overlap without omissions or overlaps, achieving uniform peeling of the insulator surface. Therefore, this invention can effectively improve the peeling effect by adjusting the laser head's irradiation range using the galvanometer.

[0042] 3. This invention provides a laser repair system for aging insulators, comprising two annular clamps, each corresponding to one end of the insulator. Each annular clamp includes two semi-annular clips, which hold the insulator in place and are secured by fastening devices. This allows the laser repair system to be firmly fixed to the insulator, enabling online repair without disassembling the insulator. Therefore, this invention can complete online insulator repair, effectively shortening the maintenance cycle.

[0043] 4. In the laser repair method of the laser repair system for aging insulators of the present invention, after the operator applies the laser repair system to the insulator, the laser repair system uses a ranging device installed on the laser head to detect the distance between the laser head's emitting end and the insulator surface in real time, and sends this information to the controller. The controller adjusts the focal length of the laser head by adjusting a movable focusing lens, enabling the laser repair system to automatically focus. Therefore, the present invention can automatically complete the focusing process, effectively improving the degree of automation.

[0044] 5. In the laser repair method of the laser repair system for aging insulators of the present invention, during a single scan, the control system calculates the scanning amplitude L of the galvanometer output and the real-time laser frequency f based on the real-time detection results of the ranging device. This ensures that the real-time laser frequency changes according to the distance of the laser pulse point in the scanning direction, guaranteeing a uniform peeling effect in the scanning direction. Therefore, the present invention can automatically adjust the laser frequency, effectively ensuring a uniform peeling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser head.

[0047] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the movable focusing lens.

[0048] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the real-time control effect of the galvanometer.

[0049] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ring clamp.

[0050] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Top view of the ring-shaped clamp.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Ring clamp, 11. Ring slide, 12. Semi-ring clamp, 13. Fastening device, 2. Rotating frame, 21. Slide bar, 22. Vertical slider, 23. Connecting rod, 24. Connecting fork, 25. Arc slider, 3. Laser head, 31. Housing, 32. Movable focusing lens, 33. Galvanometer, 34. Lens, 4. Distance measuring device, 5. Laser, 6. Controller, 7. Insulator. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] See Figure 4 The principle of this invention is explained as follows:

[0054] In this design, galvanometer 33 is a one-dimensional galvanometer with a swing function;

[0055] In this design, the laser head 3 is positioned directly opposite the central axis of the insulator core rod 7. The laser emitted by the laser head 3 illuminates the insulator 7 skirt in a fan shape, with the center of the fan shape coinciding with the center of the insulator 7 skirt.

[0056] In this design, the positive integer multiples of the single scan angle θ are 360 ​​degrees;

[0057] In the initial laser parameter settings in S4 of this design, the laser frequency f0 and scanning amplitude L0 are determined by the angle β between the laser head 3 and the horizontal plane. For insulators 7 of the same model, the value of the angle β is the same. The operator can adjust the angle β according to the model of the insulator 7 without the need for on-site measurement.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] See Figures 1 to 2 A laser repair system for aging insulators, the laser repair system comprising: a fixed support and a laser repair device;

[0060] The fixed support is used to connect the insulator 7 and the laser repair device. The fixed support is sleeved on the insulator 7 and rotates with the insulator 7. The fixed support rotates along the central axis of the insulator 7. The laser repair device includes a laser head 3, a laser 5, and a controller 6. The laser head 3 is slidably mounted on the fixed support and rotates around the insulator 7. The sliding track of the laser head 3 is parallel to the central axis of the insulator 7. The laser head 3 is positioned directly opposite the shed of the insulator 7. The incident end of the laser head 3 is connected to the laser 5 via an optical fiber. The controller 6 is signal-connected to the laser head 3 and the laser 5. The fixed support includes a ring. The device comprises a ring clamp 1 and a rotating frame 2. The ring clamp 1 is fitted onto the insulator 7, and the inner wall of the ring clamp 1 is pressed tightly against the insulator 7. The rotating frame 2 is rotatably fitted with the ring clamp 1, and the rotation center of the rotating frame 2 is located on the central axis of the insulator 7. The laser repair device also includes a ranging device 4. The laser head 3 is slidably connected to the rotating frame 2, and the ranging device 4 is fixedly mounted on the emitting end of the laser head 3. The emitting end of the laser head 3 is positioned directly opposite the shed of the insulator 7, and the detection end of the ranging device 4 is aligned with the emitting end of the laser head 3. The laser head 3 includes a housing 31, a movable focusing lens 32, a galvanometer 33, and a lens 34. The movable focusing lens 32... The galvanometer 33 and lens 34 are all housed within the outer casing. The galvanometer 33 is a one-dimensional galvanometer. The movable focusing mirror 32, galvanometer 33, and lens 34 are sequentially arranged from the incident end to the output end of the laser head 3. The focusing signal input terminal of the movable focusing mirror 32 is connected to the focusing signal output terminal of the controller 6, and the swing signal input terminal of the galvanometer 33 is connected to the swing signal output terminal of the controller 6. The laser 5 is a nanosecond pulsed fiber laser. The laser generated by the laser 5 enters the incident end of the laser head 3 through an optical fiber, and then passes sequentially through the movable focusing mirror 32, galvanometer 33, and lens 34 before being emitted from the emitting end of the laser head 3. The focal point of lens 34 is located on the same optical path; the laser repair system also includes two annular clamps 1, which are respectively set at both ends of the core rod of insulator 7. Each annular clamp 1 includes two semi-annular clamps 12, one end of which is hinged to each other, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a fastening device 13 that cooperates with each other. The two semi-annular clamps 12 cooperate to form a complete annular clamping mechanism. The inner edge of the semi-annular clamp 12 is pressed against the outer edge of the insulator 7. The top and bottom of the annular clamping mechanism formed by the two semi-annular clamps 12 are each provided with an annular slide 11 coaxial with the insulator 7.The rotating frame 2 includes a slide rod 21, a vertical slider 22, and two connecting rods 23. The slide rod 21 is parallel to the central axis of the insulator 7. The vertical slider 22 cooperates with the slide rod 21. The top and bottom of the slide rod 21 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rod 23. Both connecting rods 23 are perpendicular to the slide rod 21. The other ends of the two connecting rods 23 are fixedly provided with connecting forks 24. The two ends of the connecting forks 24 are respectively slidably engaged with two annular slides 11 on the annular clamp 1. The laser head 3 is a laser head with angle adjustment function. The base of the laser head 3 is fixedly mounted on the vertical slider 22. A lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the vertical slider 22. The power output end of the lifting motor is driven by the slide rod 21. The lifting signal input end of the lifting motor is connected to the lifting signal output end of the controller 6.

[0061] A laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators, the laser repair method comprising the following steps:

[0062] The fixed support is fitted onto the insulator 7. The angle of the laser head 3 is adjusted so that the angle β between the laser head 3 and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head 3 can scan the entire surface of the insulator. When the angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller 6 adjusts the laser head 3 to the initial position. The controller 6 controls the laser head 3 to automatically focus. The controller 6 reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database and adjusts the parameters of the laser head 3 according to the optimal parameters. When the parameters of the laser head 3 meet the requirements of the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer, the controller 6 controls the laser 5 to emit a laser that meets the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer. At the same time, the controller 6 controls the laser head 3 to slide at a constant speed along the sliding track to perform a single scan on each skirt of the insulator 7. At the same time, the controller 6 controls the laser head 3 to automatically focus in real time. After the scan is completed, the laser head 3 returns to the initial position. After each single scan, the fixed support is rotated to adjust the single scan angle θ of the laser head 3 relative to the insulator 7 before performing the next single scan, until the laser head 3 has scanned the entire outer surface of the insulator 7.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] The fixed support is fitted onto the insulator 7, and the angle of the laser head 3 is adjusted so that the angle β between the laser head 3 and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head 3 can scan the entire surface of the insulator, including:

[0065] The fastening device 13 on the ring clamp 1 is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the core rod of the insulator 7. After the ring clamp 1 is fixed, the controller 6 controls the laser 5 to start working. The laser 5 emits red light. The controller 6 controls the vertical slider 22 to the initial position and adjusts the angle of the laser head 3 so that the red light of the laser head 3 is directly facing the connection between the skirt and the core rod. At the same time, the light path emitted by the laser head 3 is close to the outer edge of the previous skirt. At this time, the angle β between the laser head 3 and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head 3 can scan the entire surface of the insulator.

[0066] See Figure 3 When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller 6 adjusts the laser head 3 to the initial position. Simultaneously, the controller 6 reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aged layer stored in its database and adjusts the parameters of the laser head 3 according to these optimal parameters, including:

[0067] When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller 6 adjusts the position of the vertical slider 22 so that the position of the red light irradiation of the laser head 3 is located at the connection position between the top skirt and the core rod of the insulator 7. The controller 6 stops the vertical slider 22 from rising and falling. After the vertical slider 22 stops rising and falling, the ranging device 4 detects the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head 3 and the surface of the insulator 7 and sends the distance Y to the controller 6. The controller 6 calculates the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens 32 of the laser head 3 based on the distance Y. The expression for the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens 32 is: X = X3 - X1 - X2;

[0068] In the above formula, the moving distance X is the distance between the initial position and the adjusted position of the movable focusing mirror 32, X1 is the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head 3 and the surface of the insulator 7, X2 is the optical path distance of the laser head position, and X3 is the focal length of the movable focusing mirror 32. After the moving distance X of the movable focusing mirror 32 is calculated, the controller 6 controls the movable focusing mirror 32 to move to position X. After the movable focusing mirror 32 moves to position X, the controller 6 reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database. The optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer include laser power P0, pulse width τ0, galvanometer frequency F0, laser frequency f0, vertical slider speed v0, and scanning amplitude L0. After the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer are read, the controller 6 drives the movable focusing mirror 32 and the galvanometer 33 to move until the movable focusing mirror 32 and the galvanometer 33 move to the position that satisfies the pulse width τ0 and the galvanometer frequency F0.

[0069] The controller 6 controls the laser 5 to emit laser light that meets the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aged layer, and simultaneously controls the laser head 3 to slide at a constant speed along the sliding track to perform a single scan of each shed on the insulator 7. At the same time, the controller 6 controls the laser head 3 to automatically focus in real time. After the scan is completed, the laser head 3 returns to its initial position. This includes:

[0070] Controller 6 controls laser 5 to emit laser light with parameters optimal for laser stripping of the aged layer. Simultaneously, controller 6 controls vertical slider 22 to move at a constant speed from top to bottom, with a speed of v0. During the movement of vertical slider 22, ranging device 4 continuously monitors the distance Y between the emitting end of laser head 3 and the surface of insulator 7 and sends this distance Y to controller 6. Controller 6 calculates the moving distance X of movable focusing lens 32 based on Y = X1 and X = X3 - X1 - X2. After the moving distance X of movable focusing lens 32 is calculated, controller 6 controls movable focusing lens 32 to move to position X. Simultaneously, the system calculates the scanning amplitude L output by galvanometer 33 and the real-time laser frequency f. The expression for the scanning amplitude L is:

[0071]

[0072] The expression for the real-time laser frequency f is:

[0073]

[0074] In the above formula, d is the diameter of the axis of the insulator 7. When the laser emitted by the laser 5 leaves the last shed on the insulator 7, the controller 6 controls the laser 5 to stop emitting laser and controls the vertical slider 22 to return to the initial position.

[0075] Example 3:

[0076] See Figures 5 to 6 The end of the connecting rod 23 is provided with an arc-shaped slider 25. The connecting rod 23 is perpendicular to the arc-shaped slider 25. The arc-shaped slider 25 cooperates with the annular slide rail 11. A rotary drive device is fixedly provided on the arc-shaped slider 25. The rotary drive device is in transmission cooperation with the annular slide rail 11. The rotation signal input terminal of the rotary drive device is connected to the rotation signal output terminal of the controller 6.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the content disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A laser repair method for a laser repair system used for aging insulators, characterized in that: The laser repair method is based on the following structure: The laser repair system includes: a fixed support and a laser repair device; The fixed support is used to connect the insulator (7) and the laser repair device. The fixed support is sleeved on the insulator (7) and rotates with the insulator (7). The fixed support rotates along the central axis of the insulator (7). The laser repair device includes a laser head (3), a laser (5) and a controller (6). The laser head (3) is slidably disposed on the fixed support. The laser head (3) of the laser repair device rotates around the insulator (7). The sliding track of the laser head (3) is parallel to the central axis of the insulator (7). The laser head (3) is positioned directly opposite the skirt of the insulator (7). The incident end of the laser head (3) is connected to the laser (5) through an optical fiber. The controller (6) is signal connected to the laser head (3) and the laser (5). The laser head (3) includes a housing (31), a movable focusing lens (32), a galvanometer (33), and a lens (34). The movable focusing lens (32), the galvanometer (33), and the lens (34) are all disposed inside the housing. The galvanometer (33) is a one-dimensional galvanometer. The movable focusing lens (32), the galvanometer (33), and the lens (34) are arranged sequentially from the incident end to the output end of the laser head (3). The focusing signal input terminal of the movable focusing lens (32) is connected to the focusing signal output terminal of the controller (6), and the swing signal input terminal of the galvanometer (33) is connected to the swing signal output terminal of the controller (6). The fixed support includes an annular clamp (1) and a rotating frame (2). The annular clamp (1) is sleeved on the insulator (7). The inner wall of the annular clamp (1) is pressed against the insulator (7). The rotating frame (2) is rotatably engaged with the annular clamp (1). The rotation center of the rotating frame (2) is located on the central axis of the insulator (7). The rotating frame (2) includes a slide rod (21), a vertical slider (22) and two connecting rods (23). The slide rod (21) is set parallel to the central axis of the insulator (7). The vertical slider (22) cooperates with the slide rod (21). The top and bottom of the slide rod (21) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rod (23). The two connecting rods (23) are set perpendicular to the slide rod (21). The other end of the two connecting rods (23) is fixedly provided with a connecting fork (24). The two ends of the connecting fork (24) are respectively slidably engaged with two annular slides (11) on the annular clamp (1). The laser head (3) is a laser head with angle adjustment function, and the base of the laser head (3) is fixedly mounted on the vertical slider (22); A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the vertical slider (22). The power output end of the lifting motor is connected to the slide bar (21) for transmission. The lifting signal input end of the lifting motor is connected to the lifting signal output end of the controller (6). The laser repair method includes the following steps: The fixed support is fitted onto the insulator (7), and the angle of the laser head (3) is adjusted so that the angle β between the laser head (3) and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head (3) can scan the entire surface of the insulator, including: The fastening device (13) on the ring clamp (1) is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the core rod of the insulator (7). After the ring clamp (1) is fixed, the controller (6) controls the laser (5) to start working. The laser (5) emits red light. The controller (6) controls the vertical slider (22) to the initial position. At the same time, the angle of the laser head (3) is adjusted so that the red light of the laser head (3) is directly facing the connection between the skirt and the core rod. At the same time, the light path emitted by the laser head (3) is close to the outer edge of the previous skirt. At this time, the angle β between the laser head (3) and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to the minimum angle α that the laser head (3) can scan the entire surface of the insulator. When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller (6) adjusts the laser head (3) to the initial position. At the same time, the controller (6) reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database and adjusts the parameters of the laser head (3) according to the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer, including: When the included angle β is less than or equal to the minimum angle α, the controller (6) adjusts the position of the vertical slider (22) so that the red light irradiation position of the laser head (3) is located at the connection position between the top skirt and the core rod of the insulator (7). The controller (6) stops the vertical slider (22) from rising and falling. After the vertical slider (22) stops rising and falling, the ranging device (4) detects the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head (3) and the surface of the insulator (7) and sends the distance Y to the controller (6). The controller (6) calculates the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens (32) of the laser head (3) based on the distance Y. The expression for the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens (32) is: ； In the above formula, the moving distance X is the distance between the initial position and the adjusted position of the movable focusing lens (32), X1 is the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head (3) and the surface of the insulator (7), X2 is the optical path distance of the laser head position, and X3 is the focal length of the movable focusing lens (32). After the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens (32) is calculated, the controller (6) controls the movable focusing lens (32) to move to position X. After the movable focusing lens (32) moves to position X, the controller (6) reads the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer stored in its database. The optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer include laser power P0, pulse width τ0, galvanometer frequency F0, laser frequency f0, vertical slider speed v0, and scanning amplitude L0. After the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer are read, the controller (6) drives the movable focusing lens (32) and galvanometer (33) to move until the movable focusing lens (32) and galvanometer (33) move to the position that satisfies the pulse width τ0 and galvanometer frequency F0. The controller (6) controls the laser (5) to emit laser light that meets the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer, and simultaneously controls the laser head (3) to slide at a constant speed along the sliding track to perform a single scan on each shed on the insulator (7). At the same time, the controller (6) controls the laser head (3) to automatically focus in real time. After the scan is completed, the laser head (3) returns to the initial position, including: The controller (6) controls the laser (5) to emit a laser that meets the optimal parameters for laser stripping of the aging layer. At the same time, the controller (6) controls the vertical slider (22) to move at a constant speed from top to bottom. The speed of the vertical slider (22) is v0. During the movement of the vertical slider (22), the ranging device (4) detects the distance Y between the emitting end of the laser head (3) and the surface of the insulator (7) in real time, and sends the distance Y to the controller (6). The controller (6) then calculates the distance Y based on Y=X1 and... The moving distance X of the movable focusing lens (32) is calculated. After the moving distance X of the movable focusing lens (32) is calculated, the controller (6) controls the movable focusing lens (32) to move to position X. At the same time, the control system calculates the scanning amplitude L and the real-time laser frequency f of the galvanometer (33) in real time. The expression of the scanning amplitude L is: ； The expression for the real-time laser frequency f is: ； In the above formula, d is the diameter of the axis of the insulator (7). When the laser emitted by the laser (5) leaves the last shed on the insulator (7), the controller (6) controls the laser (5) to stop emitting laser and controls the vertical slider (22) to return to the initial position.

2. The laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser repair device also includes a ranging device (4). The laser head (3) is slidably connected to the rotating frame (2). The ranging device (4) is fixedly set at the emitting end of the laser head (3). The emitting end of the laser head (3) is set facing the skirt of the insulator (7). The detection end of the ranging device (4) is set in the same direction as the emitting end of the laser head (3).

3. The laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser (5) is a nanosecond pulse fiber laser. The laser generated by the laser (5) enters the incident end of the laser head (3) through the optical fiber, and then passes through the movable focusing mirror (32), the galvanometer (33) and the lens (34) in sequence before being emitted from the emitting end of the laser head (3). The focal points of the movable focusing mirror (32), the galvanometer (33) and the lens (34) are located on the same optical path.

4. The laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser repair system also includes two annular clamps (1), which are respectively set at both ends of the core rod of the insulator (7). The annular clamps (1) include two semi-annular clamps (12), one end of the two semi-annular clamps (12) is hinged to each other, and the other end of the two semi-annular clamps (12) is fixedly provided with a fastening device (13) that cooperates with each other. The two semi-annular clamps (12) cooperate with each other to form a complete annular clamping mechanism. The inner edge of the semi-annular clamp (12) is pressed and fitted with the outer edge of the insulator (7). The top and bottom of the annular clamping mechanism formed by the two semi-annular clamps (12) are each provided with an annular slide (11) coaxial with the insulator (7).

5. The laser repair method for a laser repair system for aging insulators according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the connecting rod (23) is provided with an arc-shaped slider (25), the connecting rod (23) is perpendicular to the arc-shaped slider (25), and the arc-shaped slider (25) cooperates with the annular slide (11); A rotary drive device is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped slider (25). The rotary drive device is in transmission cooperation with the annular slide (11). The rotary signal input end of the rotary drive device is connected to the rotary signal output end of the controller (6).

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