Railway bridge eccentricity measuring auxiliary device and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to railway bridge eccentricity measuring device technical field, propose a kind of railway bridge eccentricity measuring auxiliary device and its measuring method, including: rail spacing measuring mechanism and bridge seat measuring mechanism, the vertical center line of two support rails horizontal connecting line can be positioned simply and quickly by rail spacing measuring mechanism. The first positioning component and the second positioning component on the bridge seat measuring mechanism can be positioned to the two sides of the top of support bridge seat respectively and measure the position of the ballast retaining tank located at the side wall of support bridge seat, can be selected according to actual situation, with good applicability. Scale plate is provided on the rear side of bridge seat measuring mechanism, the scribing assembly on rail spacing measuring mechanism and bridge seat measuring mechanism can draw two parallel vertical lines on scale plate, the eccentricity to be measured is simply and intuitively obtained by observing the distance between the two vertical lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of railway bridge eccentricity measuring devices, specifically to an auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges and its measuring method. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing a railway, it is often necessary to encounter rivers, valleys, highways, or intersections with other railways. To allow the railway to cross these terrain obstacles, various types of railway bridges are required. Multiple railway bridges together form an elevated railway. Elevated railways require that the distance between the centerline of the railway line and the centerline of each bridge be within a certain range; otherwise, the two bridge piers will experience uneven stress, and prolonged uneven stress on the piers will seriously affect their service life. For these reasons, it is necessary to regularly inspect the distance between the centerline of the railway line and the centerline of the bridges to monitor the condition of the railway bridges in real time and take timely countermeasures to avoid losses.

[0003] The distance between the centerline of the railway track and the centerline of the bridge is called the eccentricity of the railway bridge. Typically, the horizontal distance between the two rails is measured to obtain the track centerline, and then the horizontal distance between the outer sides of the ballast retaining grooves on both sides of the bridge is measured to obtain the bridge centerline. The eccentricity is the horizontal distance between the two centerlines. Currently, an eccentric ruler is used to measure the eccentricity of railway bridges. The main body of the eccentric ruler measures the distance between the two rails and determines the track centerline; the two ends of the eccentric ruler can be extended to increase its length. The final total length of the extended eccentric ruler can measure the horizontal distance between the outer sides of the ballast retaining grooves on both sides. To determine the horizontal distance between the outer sides of the ballast retaining grooves, the barrier next to the bridge railing needs to be lifted to observe the outer sides of the ballast retaining grooves. Then, a plumb bob is used to determine the horizontal distance between the outer sides of the ballast retaining grooves on both sides, thus determining the bridge centerline. Finally, the eccentricity of the railway bridge is calculated. Obviously, measuring eccentricity using an eccentric ruler requires lifting the barriers next to the railings on both sides of the railway bridge, and in some sections, even removing some ballast to observe the outside of the ballast retaining groove. Furthermore, determining the horizontal distance between the outer sides of the two retaining grooves requires using a plumb bob to determine the vertical extension of the outer side of the groove. In windy weather, the plumb bob is prone to swinging, causing measurement errors. Therefore, measuring eccentricity using an eccentric ruler is cumbersome and the results are subject to certain errors.

[0004] A search revealed an existing authorized patent (publication number: CN106676985B) that discloses an auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges. This device includes a fixed bracket, a rangefinder, and a fixing assembly. The rangefinder is positioned at a first location on the fixed bracket. The fixing assembly vertically fixes the fixed bracket to the railing of the railway bridge. This first location is adapted to the outer side of the bridge ballast retaining groove, allowing the rangefinder to measure the horizontal distance from the outer side of the ballast retaining groove to the first location when positioned at the first location. With this device, the horizontal distance from the outer side of the ballast retaining groove to the first location on the fixed bracket can be directly measured simply by fixing the fixed bracket to the bridge railing, without needing to remove the baffle next to the bridge railing. Furthermore, this device is less affected by wind, resulting in a more accurate calculated eccentricity.

[0005] However, the above solutions still have some shortcomings:

[0006] 1. The method of collecting data on X1, X2, Y1, Y2, etc., and using the calculation method of railway bridge eccentricity Z = 0.5*((Y1-X1)-(Y2-X2)) for eccentricity measurement is relatively complicated and not intuitive, which is not conducive to rapid measurement of eccentricity.

[0007] 2. When the bridge is at a high position, if the distance measuring instrument is installed on a fixed support for measurement, the fixed support is long and needs to be installed vertically on a horizontal plane. This makes the fixed support prone to shaking, the verticality of the fixed support difficult to adjust, and the position of the two distance measuring instruments on the same horizontal plane difficult to adjust, resulting in insufficient measurement stability.

[0008] 3. When measuring rails with a distance measuring instrument, it is necessary to ensure that the bridge's barriers are transparent. Even if the barriers are transparent, the distance measuring instrument will still cause errors in its accuracy when it passes through the barriers to measure the rails.

[0009] 4. Its applicability is poor. When the bridge seat boundary is clear and the baffle has not yet been installed, it is more troublesome, inconvenient and time-consuming to use the above method for measurement.

[0010] In view of this, the present invention proposes an auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges and a method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention proposes an auxiliary device and method for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges, which solves the problems of insufficient intuitiveness, poor stability and error, poor adaptability, and cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive measurement of eccentricity of railway bridges in related technologies.

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A railway bridge eccentricity measurement auxiliary device includes: a U-shaped overlapping frame and a right-angle plate fixed to the outer wall of the U-shaped overlapping frame; both the supporting rails and the supporting bridge seat are arranged on the lower side of the U-shaped overlapping frame; a ballast groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the supporting bridge seat; the U-shaped overlapping frame is detachably and extrudedly fixed to the upper side of the supporting rails by bolts; a rail spacing measuring mechanism is connected to the end of the right-angle plate; the rail spacing measuring mechanism is located between two supporting rails and is used to find the vertical center line of the horizontal connection between the two supporting rails.

[0013] Two support frames are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped lap frame. The top of the two support frames jointly supports the bridge seat measuring mechanism, which is used to find the vertical center line of the support bridge seat.

[0014] The bridge seat measuring mechanism includes a transmission component, a first support is provided on the upper side of the transmission component, a first scribing component is provided on the top of the first support, and a first connecting rod is hinged to both sides inside the first support. The bottom of the two first connecting rods is connected to the transmission component, and the two first connecting rods, the first support, and the transmission component together form an isosceles trapezoid.

[0015] Two first positioning components are provided on the transmission component for positioning the two sides of the top of the support bridge seat, and a second positioning component is provided on the transmission component for measuring the position of the ballast groove located on the side wall of the support bridge seat.

[0016] A scale plate is provided on the rear side of the bridge seat measuring mechanism to display the centerline position found by the rail spacing measuring mechanism and the bridge seat measuring mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the transmission component includes a transmission frame fixedly connected to the support frame, the scale plate is detachably fixed to the transmission frame by bolts, a first lead screw and a second lead screw are rotatably connected inside the transmission frame and are distributed vertically in parallel, both ends of the first lead screw and the second lead screw extend rotatably to the outside of the transmission frame and are fixedly connected to a turntable, and two movable seats are sleeved on the first lead screw and the second lead screw.

[0018] Preferably, the movable seat has two through holes, one of which has a threaded layer. The two through holes with threaded layers on the movable seat are staggered vertically. The second lead screw and the first lead screw are slidably sleeved inside the through hole, and both the second lead screw and the first lead screw are threadedly connected to the threaded layer.

[0019] Preferably, a hinge seat that is hinged to the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat, and a fixed seat is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat located on one side of the hinge seat.

[0020] Preferably, the second positioning component includes a support plate and a support frame. The support plate is inserted into the fixed base and is detachably fixed to the fixed base by bolts. The support plate extends into the support frame and is slidably connected to it. The support plate and the support frame are fixedly connected by fastening bolts. An overlapping frame is fixed to the top of the support frame. A right-angle rod is erected inside the overlapping frame and is detachably fixed to the overlapping frame by bolts. A rangefinder is detachably fixed to the bottom of the vertical rod of the right-angle rod by bolts.

[0021] Preferably, the first positioning component includes a Z-shaped rod fixed to the bottom end of the movable seat, a threaded rod is threaded inside the vertical rod on the lower side of the Z-shaped rod, a handle is fixedly fitted on the outer wall on the lower side of the threaded rod, and a positioning cone is fixed to the bottom end of the threaded rod.

[0022] Preferably, the rail spacing measuring mechanism includes two abutment seats, and an adjustment component is provided between the two abutment seats for adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats, so that the two adjustment components can abut against the inner walls of the two supporting rails respectively.

[0023] The adjustment assembly includes a fixed frame and a sliding plate. The fixed frame and the sliding plate are respectively fixed to the outer walls of two abutment seats. The sliding plate extends into the inner cavity of the fixed frame and is slidably connected to it. An opening slot is provided through the top of the fixed frame. A first fixing block is fixed to the top of one end of the sliding plate. The first fixing block is slidably fitted inside the opening slot. A second fixing block parallel to the first fixing block is fixed to the top of the fixed frame. A screw is rotatably connected inside the second fixing block. The screw extends into the first fixing block and is threadedly connected to it. A knob is provided on one side of the second fixing block and is fixed to the end of the screw.

[0024] Preferably, a second connecting rod is hinged inside each of the two abutment seats, and a second support is hinged at the top of the two second connecting rods. A second marking assembly is provided on the top of the second support.

[0025] Preferably, the second scribing assembly has the same structure as the first scribing assembly but different dimensions. The second scribing assembly includes a vertical cylinder and a star-shaped shaft. The star-shaped shaft extends into the interior of the vertical cylinder and is slidably connected thereto. A return spring is fixed between the bottom end of the star-shaped shaft and the bottom of the vertical cylinder. A limit sleeve is fixed to the top end of the star-shaped shaft. A scribing pen is slidably fitted inside the limit sleeve. The scribing pen is perpendicular to the scale plate.

[0026] A method for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge, using any of the auxiliary devices for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge as claimed in the preceding claims, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. First, the U-shaped overlapping frame is erected on top of the two supporting steel rails, and the supporting steel rails and the U-shaped overlapping frame are pressed and fixed with bolts. Then, the relative distance between the two abutment seats is adjusted by adjusting the component so that the two abutment seats can be tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting steel rails. During operation, the screw is rotated by the knob, so that the first fixing block moves along the outer wall of the screw, thereby driving the slide plate to slide inside the fixed frame, and thus the relative distance between the two abutment seats can be adjusted.

[0028] S2. When the relative displacement of the two abutment seats changes, the angle formed between the two second connecting rods can be adjusted, while the second support is always in the middle position, that is, the second marking assembly is always on the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two support rails. After the two abutment seats are pressed against the opposing inner walls of the two support rails, the star-shaped shaft is pulled out from the inside of the vertical cylinder, the return spring is stretched, and at the same time, the marking pen slides in the limiting sleeve toward the scale plate, so that the tip of the marking pen can contact the scale plate and draw a vertical line on the scale plate. This vertical line is the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two support rails.

[0029] S3. Based on the actual site conditions, select a suitable positioning component to locate the center line of the support bridge. When the boundary of the support bridge is clear and there are no guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, use the first positioning component for measurement. During measurement, rotate the first lead screw and the second lead screw through two turntables respectively. The first lead screw and the second lead screw can move and control one movable seat respectively. Adjust the position of the two first positioning components through the two movable seats. Rotate the handle to rotate the threaded rod inside the Z-shaped rod so that the height of the threaded rod can be adjusted. Point the bottom tip of the positioning cone to the top side of the support bridge. At this time, the two first connecting rods form a fixed angle. Referring to the usage method of the second scribing component in S2, use the scribing pen on the first scribing component to scribing vertically on the scale plate to obtain the center line of the support bridge.

[0030] S4. When the boundary of the support bridge is unclear and there are guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, use the second positioning component for measurement. Fix the support plate to the fixed seat on the right side of the movable seat with bolts. Pass the right-angle rod across the guardrail or baffle on one side of the support bridge. Then, fix the right-angle rod to the overlapping frame with bolts. Use a rangefinder to measure the distance X between the rangefinder and the ballast groove on the right side wall of the support bridge and record it. Then, install the second positioning component on the movable seat on the left side and slide the movable seat in the transmission frame. Keep the other movable seat stationary so that the distance between the rangefinder and the ballast groove on the left side wall of the support bridge is equal to X. At this time, the included angle formed between the two first connecting rods is fixed. Referring to the usage method of the second scribing component in S2, use the scribing pen on the first scribing component to scribing vertically on the scale plate to obtain the center line of the support bridge.

[0031] S5. Compare the two vertical lines drawn on the scale and observe the distance between them to determine the eccentricity that needs to be measured.

[0032] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. In this invention, a rail spacing measuring mechanism is connected to the end of the right-angle plate. The rail spacing measuring mechanism is located between two supporting rails, which can easily and quickly locate the vertical center line of the horizontal connection between the two supporting rails. Two support frames are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped overlapping frame. The top of the two support frames jointly supports the bridge seat measuring mechanism. The first connecting rod, the first support, and the transmission component on the bridge seat measuring mechanism together form an isosceles trapezoid. Two first positioning components and a second positioning component are provided on the transmission component. The first positioning component and the second positioning component can respectively locate the two sides of the top of the supporting bridge seat and measure the position of the ballast groove located on the side wall of the supporting bridge seat. It can be selected according to the actual situation on site, and can easily and quickly find the vertical center line of the supporting bridge seat, which has good applicability.

[0034] 2. In this invention, a scale plate is provided on the rear side of the bridge seat measuring mechanism. The scale plate can display the centerline position found by the rail spacing measuring mechanism and the bridge seat measuring mechanism. The scribing components on the rail spacing measuring mechanism and the bridge seat measuring mechanism can draw two parallel vertical lines on the scale plate. By observing the distance between the two vertical lines, the eccentricity to be measured can be obtained simply and intuitively. It is simple to operate, convenient to use, stable and accurate, and has good practical performance. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges proposed in this invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of railway bridges proposed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the rail spacing measuring mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second scribing component proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the bridge seat measuring mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission component proposed in this invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile seat assembly structure proposed in this invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second positioning component proposed in this invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning component proposed in this invention;

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Scale plate; 2. Bridge seat measuring mechanism; 21. First positioning component; 211. Z-shaped rod; 212. Threaded rod; 213. Positioning cone; 214. Handle; 22. Transmission component; 221. Transmission frame; 222. First lead screw; 223. Second lead screw; 224. Moving seat; 225. Through hole; 226. Threaded layer; 227. Fixed seat; 228. Hinge seat; 229. Turntable; 23. Second positioning component; 231. Right-angle rod; 232. Rangefinder; 233. Fastening bolt; 234. Support plate; 235. Support frame; 236. Overlapping frame; 24. First scribing group Components; 25. First connecting rod; 26. First support; 3. Support frame; 4. U-shaped overlapping frame; 5. Support rail; 6. Support bridge seat; 7. Ballast groove; 8. Rail spacing measuring mechanism; 81. Abutment seat; 82. Adjustment component; 821. Opening groove; 822. Fixing frame; 823. First fixing block; 824. Screw; 825. Second fixing block; 826. Knob; 827. Slide plate; 83. Second connecting rod; 84. Second support; 85. Second marking component; 851. Marking pen; 852. Limiting sleeve; 853. Star shaft; 854. Vertical cylinder; 855. Return spring; 9. Right angle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 An auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge and its measurement method are disclosed, comprising: a U-shaped overlapping frame 4 and a right-angle plate 9 fixed to the outer wall of the U-shaped overlapping frame 4; supporting rails 5 and supporting bridge seats 6 are both arranged on the lower side of the U-shaped overlapping frame 4; a ballast groove 7 is arranged on the outer periphery of the supporting bridge seats 6; the U-shaped overlapping frame 4 is detachably and extrudedly fixed to the upper side of the supporting rails 5 by bolts; a rail spacing measuring mechanism 8 is connected to the end of the right-angle plate 9; the rail spacing measuring mechanism 8 is located between the two supporting rails 5 and is used to find the vertical center line of the horizontal connection between the two supporting rails 5.

[0048] Furthermore, the rail spacing measuring mechanism 8 includes two abutment seats 81, and an adjustment component 82 is provided between the two abutment seats 81 for adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats 81, so that the two adjustment components 82 can abut against the inner wall of the two supporting rails 5 respectively. The adjustment assembly 82 includes a fixed frame 822 and a sliding plate 827. The fixed frame 822 and the sliding plate 827 are respectively fixed to the outer walls of two abutment seats 81. The sliding plate 827 extends into the internal cavity of the fixed frame 822 and is slidably connected to it. An opening slot 821 is provided through the top of the fixed frame 822. A first fixing block 823 is fixed to the top of one end of the sliding plate 827. The first fixing block 823 is slidably sleeved inside the opening slot 821. A second fixing block 825 parallel to the first fixing block 823 is fixed to the top of the fixed frame 822. A screw 824 is rotatably connected inside the second fixing block 825. The screw 824 extends into the first fixing block 823 and is threadedly connected to it. A knob 826 fixed to the end of the screw 824 is provided on one side of the second fixing block 825.

[0049] Furthermore, each of the two abutment seats 81 is hinged with a second connecting rod 83, and the top ends of the two second connecting rods 83 are hinged to a second support 84. A second marking assembly 85 is provided on the top of the second support 84. The second marking assembly 85 includes a vertical cylinder 854 and a star-shaped shaft 853. The star-shaped shaft 853 extends into the interior of the vertical cylinder 854 and is slidably connected thereto. A return spring 855 is fixed between the bottom end of the star-shaped shaft 853 and the bottom of the vertical cylinder 854. A limiting sleeve 852 is fixed to the top end of the star-shaped shaft 853. A drawing pen 851 is slidably sleeved inside the limiting sleeve 852. The drawing pen 851 is perpendicular to the scale plate 1.

[0050] Specifically, the U-shaped overlapping frame 4 is erected on top of the two supporting steel rails 5, and the supporting steel rails 5 and the U-shaped overlapping frame 4 are pressed and fixed with bolts. Then, the relative distance between the two abutment seats 81 is adjusted by adjusting component 82, so that the two abutment seats 81 can be tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting steel rails 5. During operation, the screw 824 is rotated by knob 826, so that the first fixing block 823 moves along the outer wall of screw 824, thereby driving the slide plate 827 to slide inside the fixed frame 822, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats 81. When the relative displacement of the two abutment seats 81 changes, the angle formed between the two second connecting rods 83 can be adjusted, while the second support seat 84 is always in the middle position, that is, the second marking assembly 85 is always on the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two supporting rails 5. After the two abutment seats 81 are tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting rails 5, the star-shaped shaft 853 is pulled out from the inside of the vertical cylinder 854, the return spring 855 is stretched, and at the same time, the marking pen 851 slides in the limiting sleeve 852 toward the scale plate 1, so that the tip of the marking pen 851 can contact the scale plate 1 and draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1. This vertical line is the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two supporting rails 5.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 Two support frames 3 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped lap frame 4. The top of the two support frames 3 jointly supports the bridge seat measuring mechanism 2, which is used to find the vertical center line of the support bridge seat 6.

[0052] Furthermore, the bridge seat measuring mechanism 2 includes a transmission component 22. A first support 26 is provided on the upper side of the transmission component 22, and a first scribing assembly 24 is provided on the top of the first support 26. A second scribing assembly 85 has the same structure as the first scribing assembly 24 but different dimensions. First connecting rods 25 are hinged to both sides inside the first support 26. The bottoms of both first connecting rods 25 are connected to the transmission component 22, and the two first connecting rods 25, the first support 26, and the transmission component 22 together form an isosceles trapezoid. A scale plate 1 is provided on the rear side of the bridge seat measuring mechanism 2 to display the position of the centerline found by the rail spacing measuring mechanism 8 and the bridge seat measuring mechanism 2.

[0053] Furthermore, the transmission component 22 includes a transmission frame 221 fixedly connected to the support frame 3. The scale plate 1 is detachably fixed to the transmission frame 221 by bolts. Inside the transmission frame 221, a first lead screw 222 and a second lead screw 223 are rotatably connected and arranged vertically in parallel. Both ends of the first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 extend rotatably to the outside of the transmission frame 221 and are fixedly connected to a turntable 229. Two movable seats 224 are sleeved on the first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223. Two through holes 225 are opened through the movable seats 224. A threaded layer 226 is distributed inside one of the through holes 225. The through holes 225 with the threaded layer 226 on the two movable seats 224 are staggered vertically. The second lead screw 223 and the first lead screw 222 are slidably sleeved inside the through holes 225 and are threadedly connected to the threaded layer 226. A hinge seat 228, which is hinged to the first connecting rod 25, is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat 224, and a fixed seat 227 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat 224 located on one side of the hinge seat 228.

[0054] Specifically, based on the actual site conditions, a suitable positioning component is selected to locate the centerline of the support bridge seat 6. When the boundary of the support bridge seat 6 is clear and there are no guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, the first positioning component 21 is used for measurement. When the boundary of the support bridge seat 6 is unclear and there are guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, the second positioning component 23 is used for measurement. The first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 are rotated by two turntables 229 respectively. The first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 can respectively control the movement of a movable seat 224. The positions of the two first positioning components 21 or the second positioning component 23 can be adjusted by the two movable seats 224.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 9Two first positioning components 21 are provided on the transmission component 22 for positioning the top two sides of the support bridge seat 6. The first positioning component 21 includes a Z-shaped rod 211 fixed to the bottom end of the movable seat 224, a threaded rod 212 threaded inside the lower vertical rod of the Z-shaped rod 211, a handle 214 fixedly fitted on the lower outer wall of the threaded rod 212, and a positioning cone 213 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod 212. When measuring using the first positioning component 21, the first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 are rotated by the two turntables 229 respectively. The first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 can move and control a moving seat 224 respectively. The positions of the two first positioning components 21 are adjusted by the two moving seats 224. By rotating the handle 214, the threaded rod 212 is rotated inside the Z-shaped rod 211, so that the height of the threaded rod 212 can be adjusted. The bottom tip of the positioning cone 213 is pointed to the top side of the support bridge 6. At this time, the two first connecting rods 25 form a fixed angle. The drawing pen on the first scribing component 24 is used to draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1, thereby obtaining the center line of the support bridge 6.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8A second positioning component 23 is provided on the transmission component 22 for measuring the position of the ballast groove 7 located on the side wall of the support bridge seat 6. The second positioning component 23 includes a support plate 234 and a support frame 235. The support plate 234 is inserted into the fixed seat 227 and is detachably fixed to the fixed seat 227 by bolts. The support plate 234 extends into the support frame 235 and is slidably connected to it. The support plate 234 and the support frame 235 are fixedly connected by fastening bolts 233. An overlapping frame 236 is fixed to the top of the support frame 235. A right-angle rod 231 is erected on the inner side of the overlapping frame 236. The right-angle rod 231 is detachably fixed to the overlapping frame 236 by bolts. A rangefinder 232 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the vertical rod of the right-angle rod 231 by bolts. When using the second positioning component 23 for measurement, the support plate 234 is bolted to the fixed seat 227 inside the movable seat 224 on the right side. The right-angle rod 231 is passed over the guardrail or baffle on one side of the support bridge seat 6. Then, the right-angle rod 231 is bolted to the overlapping frame 236. The distance X1 between the rangefinder 232 and the ballast groove 7 on the right side wall of the support bridge seat 6 is measured and recorded. Then, the second positioning component 23 is installed on the movable seat 224 on the left side and the movable seat 224 is slid in the transmission frame 221. The other movable seat 224 remains stationary, so that the distance between the rangefinder 232 and the ballast groove 7 on the left side wall of the support bridge seat 6 is equal to X1. At this time, the included angle formed between the two first connecting rods 25 is fixed. The drawing pen on the first drawing component 24 is used to draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1 to obtain the center line of the support bridge seat 6.

[0057] Working principle and usage process: First, the U-shaped overlapping frame 4 is erected on top of the two supporting steel rails 5, and the supporting steel rails 5 and the U-shaped overlapping frame 4 are pressed and fixed by bolts. Then, the relative distance between the two abutment seats 81 is adjusted by adjusting component 82, so that the two abutment seats 81 can be tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting steel rails 5. During operation, the screw 824 is rotated by knob 826, so that the first fixing block 823 moves along the outer wall of screw 824, thereby driving the slide plate 827 to slide inside the fixed frame 822, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats 81. When the relative displacement of the two abutment seats 81 changes, the angle formed between the two second connecting rods 83 can be adjusted, while the second support seat 84 is always in the middle position, that is, the second marking assembly 85 is always on the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two supporting rails 5. After the two abutment seats 81 are tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting rails 5, the star-shaped shaft 853 is pulled out from the inside of the vertical cylinder 854, the return spring 855 is stretched, and at the same time, the marking pen 851 slides in the limiting sleeve 852 toward the scale plate 1, so that the tip of the marking pen 851 can contact the scale plate 1 and draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1. This vertical line is the central axis of the horizontal line connecting the two supporting rails 5.

[0058] Based on the actual site conditions, a suitable positioning component is selected to locate the center line of the support bridge seat 6. When the boundary of the support bridge seat 6 is clear and there are no guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, the first positioning component 21 is used for measurement. During the measurement, the first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 are rotated by two turntables 229 respectively. The first lead screw 222 and the second lead screw 223 can control the movement of a movable seat 224 respectively. The positions of the two first positioning components 21 are adjusted by the two movable seats 224. By rotating the handle 214, the threaded rod 212 is rotated inside the Z-shaped rod 211, so that the height of the threaded rod 212 can be adjusted. The bottom tip of the positioning cone 213 is pointed to the top side of the support bridge seat 6. At this time, the two first connecting rods 25 form a fixed angle. The drawing pen on the first scribing component 24 is used to draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1 to obtain the center line of the support bridge seat 6.

[0059] When the boundary of the support bridge seat 6 is unclear and there are guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, the second positioning component 23 is used for measurement. The support plate 234 is fixed to the fixed seat 227 on the movable seat 224 on the right side with bolts. The right-angle rod 231 is placed across the guardrail or baffle on one side of the support bridge seat 6. Then, the right-angle rod 231 is fixed to the overlapping frame 236 with bolts. The distance X1 between the distance measuring instrument 232 and the ballast groove 7 on the right side wall of the support bridge seat 6 is measured using the distance measuring instrument 232. After recording, the second positioning component 23 is installed on the movable seat 224 located on the left side, and the movable seat 224 slides within the transmission frame 221. The other movable seat 224 remains stationary, so that the distance between the rangefinder 232 and the ballast groove 7 on the left side wall of the support bridge 6 is equal to X1. At this time, the included angle formed between the two first connecting rods 25 is fixed. The drawing pen on the first drawing assembly 24 is used to draw a vertical line on the scale plate 1, thereby obtaining the center line of the support bridge 6. Finally, the two vertical lines drawn on the scale plate 1 are compared, and the distance between the two vertical lines is observed to obtain the eccentricity that needs to be measured.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge, comprising: The U-shaped overlapping frame (4) and the right-angle plate (9) fixed to the outer wall of the U-shaped overlapping frame (4), the supporting rail (5) and the supporting bridge seat (6) are both set on the lower side of the U-shaped overlapping frame (4), the ballast groove (7) is set on the outer periphery of the supporting bridge seat (6), the U-shaped overlapping frame (4) is fixed to the upper side of the supporting rail (5) by bolt detachable compression, characterized in that a rail spacing measuring mechanism (8) is connected to the end of the right-angle plate (9), the rail spacing measuring mechanism (8) is located between the two supporting rails (5), and is used to find the vertical center line of the horizontal connection of the two supporting rails (5); Two support frames (3) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped lap frame (4). The top of the two support frames (3) jointly supports the bridge seat measuring mechanism (2), which is used to find the vertical center line of the support bridge seat (6). The bridge seat measuring mechanism (2) includes a transmission component (22), a first support (26) is provided on the upper side of the transmission component (22), a first scribing component (24) is provided on the top of the first support (26), and a first connecting rod (25) is hinged to both sides inside the first support (26). The bottom of the two first connecting rods (25) is connected to the transmission component (22), and the two first connecting rods (25), the first support (26) and the transmission component (22) together form an isosceles trapezoid. Two first positioning components (21) are provided on the transmission component (22) for positioning the top two sides of the support bridge seat (6), and a second positioning component (23) is provided on the transmission component (22) for measuring the position of the ballast groove (7) located on the side wall of the support bridge seat (6). A scale plate (1) is provided on the rear side of the bridge seat measuring mechanism (2) to display the centerline position found by the rail spacing measuring mechanism (8) and the bridge seat measuring mechanism (2).

2. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission component (22) includes a transmission frame (221) fixedly connected to the support frame (3). The scale plate (1) is detachably fixed to the transmission frame (221) by bolts. Inside the transmission frame (221), a first lead screw (222) and a second lead screw (223) are rotatably connected and distributed vertically in parallel. Both ends of the first lead screw (222) and the second lead screw (223) extend rotatably to the outside of the transmission frame (221) and are fixedly connected to a turntable (229). Two movable seats (224) are sleeved on the first lead screw (222) and the second lead screw (223).

3. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable seat (224) has two through holes (225) inside. A threaded layer (226) is distributed inside one of the through holes (225). The through holes (225) with threaded layers (226) on the two movable seats (224) are staggered vertically. The second lead screw (223) and the first lead screw (222) are slidably sleeved inside the through hole (225). The second lead screw (223) and the first lead screw (222) are threadedly connected to the threaded layer (226).

4. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that, A hinge seat (228) that is hinged to the first connecting rod (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat (224), and a fixed seat (227) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat (224) located on one side of the hinge seat (228).

5. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second positioning component (23) includes a support plate (234) and a support frame (235). The support plate (234) is inserted into the fixed base (227). The support plate (234) and the fixed base (227) are detachably fixedly connected by bolts. The support plate (234) extends into the support frame (235) and is slidably connected thereto. The support plate (234) and the support frame (235) are pressed together by fastening bolts (233). An overlapping frame (236) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (235). A right-angle rod (231) is erected on the inner side of the overlapping frame (236). The right-angle rod (231) and the overlapping frame (236) are detachably fixedly connected by bolts. A rangefinder (232) is detachably fixed to the bottom of the vertical rod of the right-angle rod (231) by bolts.

6. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning component (21) includes a Z-shaped rod (211) fixed to the bottom end of the movable seat (224), a threaded rod (212) is threaded inside the vertical rod on the lower side of the Z-shaped rod (211), a handle sleeve (214) is fixedly sleeved on the lower outer wall of the threaded rod (212), and a positioning cone (213) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod (212).

7. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rail spacing measuring mechanism (8) includes two abutment seats (81), and an adjustment component (82) for adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats (81) is provided between the two abutment seats (81), so that the two adjustment components (82) can abut against the inner wall of the two supporting rails (5) respectively. The adjusting assembly (82) includes a fixed frame (822) and a sliding plate (827). The fixed frame (822) and the sliding plate (827) are respectively fixed to the outer walls of two abutment seats (81). The sliding plate (827) extends into the internal cavity of the fixed frame (822) and is slidably connected thereto. An opening slot (821) is provided through the top of the fixed frame (822). A first fixing block (823) is fixed to the top of one end of the sliding plate (827). (823) is slidably sleeved inside the opening groove (821). A second fixing block (825) parallel to the first fixing block (823) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame (822). A screw (824) is rotatably connected inside the second fixing block (825). The screw (824) extends into the first fixing block (823) and is threadedly connected to it. A knob (826) fixed to the end of the screw (824) is provided on one side of the second fixing block (825).

8. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both of the abutment seats (81) are hinged with a second connecting rod (83) inside, and the top ends of the two second connecting rods (83) are hinged to a second support (84), and a second marking assembly (85) is provided on the top of the second support (84).

9. The auxiliary device for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second scribing assembly (85) has the same structure as the first scribing assembly (24) but different dimensions. The second scribing assembly (85) includes a vertical cylinder (854) and a star-shaped shaft (853). The star-shaped shaft (853) extends into the interior of the vertical cylinder (854) and is slidably connected thereto. A return spring (855) is fixed between the bottom end of the star-shaped shaft (853) and the bottom of the vertical cylinder (854). A limiting sleeve (852) is fixed to the top end of the star-shaped shaft (853). A scribing pen (851) is slidably sleeved inside the limiting sleeve (852). The scribing pen (851) is perpendicular to the scale plate (1).

10. A method for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge, using any one of the auxiliary devices for measuring the eccentricity of a railway bridge as described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, the U-shaped overlapping frame (4) is erected on top of the two supporting steel rails (5), and the supporting steel rails (5) and the U-shaped overlapping frame (4) are pressed and fixed by bolts. Then, the relative distance between the two abutment seats (81) is adjusted by adjusting the component (82) so that the two abutment seats (81) can be tightly attached to the opposing inner walls of the two supporting steel rails (5). During operation, the screw (824) is rotated by the knob (826) so that the first fixing block (823) moves along the outer wall of the screw (824), thereby driving the slide plate (827) to slide inside the fixed frame (822), thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two abutment seats (81). S2. When the relative displacement of the two abutment seats (81) changes, the angle formed between the two second connecting rods (83) can be adjusted, while the second support (84) is always in the middle position, that is, the second marking assembly (85) is always on the central axis of the horizontal connection between the two support rails (5). After the two abutment seats (81) are close to the opposing inner walls of the two support rails (5), the star shaft (853) is pulled out from the inside of the vertical cylinder (854), the reset spring (855) is stretched, and at the same time, the marking pen (851) slides in the limiting sleeve (852) towards the scale plate (1), so that the tip of the marking pen (851) can contact the scale plate (1) and draw a vertical line on the scale plate (1). This vertical line is the central axis of the horizontal connection between the two support rails (5). S3. Based on the actual situation on site, select a suitable positioning component to locate the center line of the support bridge seat (6). When the boundary of the support bridge seat (6) is clear and there are no guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, use the first positioning component (21) for measurement. During the measurement, the first lead screw (222) and the second lead screw (223) are rotated by two turntables (229). The first lead screw (222) and the second lead screw (223) can move and control one movable seat (224) respectively. The two movable seats (224) control the movement of the two first positioning components. The position of component (21) is adjusted. By rotating the glove (214), the threaded rod (212) is rotated inside the Z-shaped rod (211) so that the height of the threaded rod (212) can be adjusted. The bottom tip of the positioning cone (213) is pointed to the top side of the support bridge (6). At this time, the two first connecting rods (25) form a fixed angle. Referring to the usage method of the second scribing component (85) in S2, the scribing pen on the first scribing component (24) is used to scribing vertically on the scale plate (1) to obtain the center line of the support bridge (6). S4. When the boundary of the support bridge seat (6) is unclear and there are guardrails or baffles installed on both sides, use the second positioning component (23) to measure, fix the support plate (234) to the fixed seat (227) on the right side of the movable seat (224) with bolts, put the right angle rod (231) across the guardrail or baffle on one side of the support bridge seat (6), and then fix the right angle rod (231) to the overlapping frame (236) with bolts. Use the rangefinder (232) to measure the distance X1 between the rangefinder (232) and the ballast groove (7) on the right side wall of the support bridge seat (6), and record it. Then, the second positioning component (23) is used to measure the distance X1 between the rangefinder (232) and the ballast groove (7) on the right side wall of the support bridge seat (6). The two positioning components (23) are installed on the movable seat (224) located on the left side, and the movable seat (224) slides in the transmission frame (221). The other movable seat (224) remains stationary, so that the distance between the rangefinder (232) and the ballast groove (7) on the left side wall of the support bridge (6) is equal to X1. At this time, the included angle formed between the two first connecting rods (25) is fixed. Referring to the usage method of the second scribing component (85) in S2, the scribing pen on the first scribing component (24) is used to scribing vertically on the scale plate (1) to obtain the center line of the support bridge (6). S5. Compare the two vertical lines drawn on the scale plate (1) and observe the distance between the two vertical lines to obtain the eccentricity that needs to be measured.

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