Simple wide flange plate t-beam

Abstract

The application discloses a simple wide flange plate T beam, the T beam web width remains unchanged, the ratio of the T beam height and the flange plate width is less than 1, the flange plate width is less than the T beam transverse arrangement interval, the T beam can directly perform the bridge deck plate construction after erection, and the wet joint and the midspan transverse connection system construction are not performed, the interval of 20mm to 40mm is arranged between the T beam flange plates, the deviation of the prefabricated T beam flange plate width and the T beam installation deviation are eliminated, and the filling material or the foam plate can be used for plugging at the joint position during the bridge deck plate construction. The application increases the T beam flange plate width, reduces the distance between the T beam flange plates, realizes that there is no wet joint between the T beams at the midspan position (between the pier columns / abutments), does not need to reserve the transverse connecting steel bars outside the flange plates during the T beam prefabrication, and does not need to arrange the cross diaphragms at the midspan position of the T beam web, so that the T beam steel bar and form installation difficulty are greatly reduced, and the single T beam manufacturing time is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering construction technology, specifically relating to a simple wide-flange T-beam. Background Technology

[0002] Prestressed concrete T-beams are a common beam structure widely used in various highway, railway, and municipal engineering projects. T-beam bridges are typically composed of several T-beams connected by a transverse connection system. Currently, the common transverse connection system consists of diaphragms and wet joints (longitudinal joints). The wet joints distribute the load to adjacent T-beams, and the diaphragms and T-beams share the bridge deck load, giving the T-beam bridge better overall stability. The transverse connection system is generally cast-in-place after the T-beams are installed. Due to the small structural dimensions and dense reinforcement of the transverse connection system, and the need for high-altitude formwork construction, the construction is difficult and prone to quality problems. The construction quality of the transverse connection system is difficult to guarantee, which will affect the overall stability of the bridge and consequently its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a simplified wide-flange T-beam, which increases the width of the T-beam flanges and reduces the distance between the T-beam flanges, thereby achieving no wet joints between T-beams at the mid-span position (between piers / abutments). During the prefabrication of the T-beam, it is not necessary to reserve transverse connecting steel bars on the outside of the flanges, nor is it necessary to set transverse diaphragms at the mid-span position of the T-beam web, which greatly reduces the difficulty of installing T-beam reinforcement and formwork and solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] A simplified wide-flange T-beam is provided, wherein the web width of the T-beam remains constant, the ratio of the T-beam height to the flange width is less than 1, the flange width is less than the transverse spacing of the T-beams, and the bridge deck can be constructed directly after the T-beams are erected, eliminating the need for wet joints and mid-span transverse connection system construction. A spacing of 20mm to 40mm is set between the flanges of the T-beams to eliminate the width deviation of the precast T-beam flanges and the installation deviation of the T-beams. During the bridge deck construction, the gaps can be sealed with filling material or foam board.

[0005] The aforementioned simple wide-flange T-beam has a height-to-flange width ratio between 0.55 and 0.8.

[0006] The aforementioned simple wide-flange plate T-beam has its ends rigidly connected to the abutment and pier cap beams, and the T-beam is also laterally rigidly connected at the pier and abutment positions.

[0007] The aforementioned simple wide-flange plate T-beam is equipped with a universal template, which allows for adjustment of the flange angle and enables the prefabrication of simple wide-flange plate T-beams with different heights and different cross slopes of the top surface of the flange.

[0008] The construction of this simplified wide-flange T-beam bridge involves the following steps: S1: The substructure of the T-beam of the T-beam bridge under construction, including the piers, pier cap beams, and abutments; S2: T-beams are fabricated using standardized templates. Prefabrication of T-beams with different cross slopes is achieved through adjustable exposed length screws, rotatable connection devices between flange plates and web plate templates, and adjustable height bottom support members. S3: When making small-span T-beams, T-beams of different heights can be made by using longitudinal and transverse distribution beams and movable concrete bases of different heights. S4: On the pier cap beam, T-beam pad stones are constructed using high-strength cement-based materials; on the top surface of the lower half of the abutment, T-beam pad stones are constructed using high-strength cement-based materials. S5: Install the T-beams onto the pad stones of the abutments and piers; S6: Cast the transverse connecting beam of the T-beam on the pier cap beam, and cast it together with the bridge deck pavement layer before and after the cap beam to connect the T-beam and the cap beam into a whole and form a rigid connection. S7: Pour the upper part of the bridge abutment and the transverse connecting beam of the T-beam, together with the bridge deck pavement layer near the bridge abutment, to connect the T-beam and the bridge abutment into a whole and form a rigid connection. S8: Install bridge deck rainwater collectors, rainwater pipe suspension devices, rainwater pipes, and pour the remaining bridge deck paving on the top surface of the T-beams; S9: Construction of bridge deck waterproofing layer, crash guardrail, and laying of bridge deck asphalt surface layer; S10: Pour the bridge deck edge beams and light pole foundations, install pedestrian railings and light poles, and the bridge deck construction is completed.

[0009] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a simplified wide-flange T-beam, which increases the width of the T-beam flanges and reduces the distance between the flanges, achieving a seamless wet joint between T-beams at the mid-span position (between piers / abutments). During T-beam prefabrication, there is no need to reserve transverse connecting reinforcement on the outer side of the flanges or to install transverse diaphragms at the mid-span position of the T-beam web, significantly reducing the difficulty of installing T-beam reinforcement and formwork, and shortening the fabrication time of a single T-beam. The ends of the T-beam are equipped with both longitudinal and transverse embedded reinforcement as a transverse connection component. The transverse connection system of the T-beam is placed on the pier cap beam or abutment, avoiding mid-span formwork construction, reducing construction difficulty, and making quality assurance easier. The transverse connection system can be cast together with the bridge deck, further shortening construction time. 2. The simplified wide-flange T-beam maintains a uniform web width, unlike the horseshoe-shaped web section of traditional T-beams. Using a uniform web width increases the section modulus at mid-span, improving the beam's load-bearing capacity and mitigating some of the impact on overall stability caused by the absence of transverse connections at mid-span. The uniform web width also allows for greater design optimization of reinforcement and prestressing tendons, enabling the new T-beam to have a weight essentially the same as traditional T-beams. 3. Traditional T-beams use a horseshoe-shaped cross-section for the web, with a narrow width in the middle. Due to the dense arrangement of reinforcing bars and prestressing tendons, quality control during concrete pouring is a challenge. This is because immersion vibrators cannot reach the bottom of the web, and generally, attached vibrators need to be installed on the T-beam formwork, resulting in very high construction noise. At the same time, the performance requirements for concrete are also high. Using a uniform web width can overcome the above difficulties. The web width remains unchanged, which makes the design and construction of T-beam formwork much easier. It can also greatly reduce the amount of steel used in the formwork, reduce construction costs, and make it more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. 4. The simplified wide-flange T-beam has longitudinal and transverse embedded steel bars at the beam ends, and also embedded steel bars on the abutments and cap beams. After the T-beam is tensioned, grouted, and hoisted into place, it can be cast integrally with the abutments and cap beams. The T-beam is rigidly connected to the piers or abutments, eliminating the need for temporary supports and system conversion, simplifying the construction process and shortening the construction period; it also eliminates the need to consider the lifespan and replacement of supports, reducing the workload of later maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a simplified wide-flange T-beam. Figure 2 This is an example of the application of a simple wide-flange T-beam. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rigid connection between the T-beam and the cap beam; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rigid connection of the T-beam on the bridge abutment; Figure 5 Scheme 1 for T-beam formwork (suitable for T-beams with large spans); Figure 6 Option 2 for T-beam formwork (suitable for T-beams with smaller spans); In the diagram: 1-Flange plate, 2-Web plate, 3-Asphalt surface layer, 4-T-beam transverse connecting beam, 5-High-strength cement-based pad stone, 6-Pier cap beam, 7-Pier, 8-Simple wide-flange T-beam, 9-Polyurethane expansion joint, 10-Bridge deck approach slab, 11-Concrete pad layer, 12-Foam board, 13-Adjustable screw, 14-Bottom crossbar, 15-Rotating device, 16-Tie rod, 17-Hinged connection, 18-Longitudinal and transverse distribution beam, 19-Movable base, 20-Pedestrian walkway railing, 21-Crash guardrail, 22-Rainwater collector, 23-Rainwater pipe, 24-Bridge deck waterproof layer, 25-Side beam, 26-Light pole foundation, 27-Light pole. Detailed Implementation

[0011] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view and application embodiment of a simplified wide-flange T-beam according to the present invention. The width of the web 2 of the T-beam remains unchanged. The ratio of the height of the T-beam to the width of the flange 1 is less than 1. The width of the flange 1 is less than the transverse spacing of the T-beam. After the T-beam is erected, the bridge deck can be constructed directly without wet joints and transverse connection system construction at mid-span. A spacing of 20mm to 40mm is set between the flanges 1 of the T-beam to eliminate the width deviation of the precast T-beam flange 1 and the installation deviation of the T-beam. When the bridge deck approach slab 10 is constructed, the gaps can be sealed with filling material or foam board 12.

[0012] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the connection relationship between the T-beam described in this invention and the cap beam and abutment. The ends of the T-beam are rigidly connected to the cap beam 6 of the abutment and pier. The T-beam is also rigidly connected laterally at the positions of the pier 7 and abutment.

[0013] Simple wide-flange T-beams are compatible with universal templates, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the T-beam template. The angle of the flange plate 1 can be adjusted, enabling the prefabrication of simple wide-flange T-beams with different heights and different cross slopes of the top surface of the flange plate 1.

[0014] The construction of this simplified wide-flange T-beam bridge involves the following steps: Step 1: Construct the substructure of the T-beams of the T-beam bridge, including pier 7, pier cap beam 6, and abutments; Step 2: Use a prefabricated template to make T-beams. The prefabrication of T-beams with different cross slopes can be achieved by using an adjustable screw 13 with adjustable exposed length, a rotating device 15 for the template of flange plate 1 and web plate 2, and a bottom crossbar 14 with adjustable height. Step 3: When making small-span T-beams, T-beams of different heights are made by using longitudinal and transverse distribution beams 18 and movable bases 19 of different heights. Step 4: On the pier cap beam 6, use high-strength cement-based material to construct the T-beam high-strength cement-based pad stone 5. On the top surface of the lower half of the abutment, use high-strength cement-based material to construct the T-beam high-strength cement-based pad stone 5. Step 5: Install the T-beams onto the high-strength cement-based pad stones 5 of the abutments and piers; Step 6: Cast the transverse connecting beam 4 of the T-beam on the pier cap beam 6, and cast it together with the bridge deck pavement layer in front of and behind the pier cap beam 6 to connect the T-beam and the pier cap beam 6 into a whole and form a rigid connection. Step 7: Pour the upper part of the bridge abutment and the transverse connecting beam 4 of the T-beam, together with the bridge deck pavement layer near the bridge abutment, to connect the T-beam and the bridge abutment into a whole and form a rigid connection. Step 8: Install the bridge deck rainwater collector 22, rainwater pipe suspension device, rainwater pipe 23, and pour the remaining bridge deck pavement on the top surface of the T-beam; Step 9: Construct the bridge deck waterproof layer 24, the crash barrier 21, and lay the bridge deck asphalt surface layer 3; Step 10: Pour the bridge deck edge beams 25 and light pole foundations 26, install the pedestrian railings 20 and light poles 27, and the bridge deck construction is completed.

Claims

1. A simple construction method for a wide-flange T-beam bridge, characterized in that, The width of the web plate (2) of the T-beam remains unchanged. The ratio of the height of the T-beam to the width of the flange plate (1) is less than 1. The width of the flange plate (1) is less than the transverse spacing of the T-beam. After the T-beam is erected, the bridge deck can be constructed directly without wet joints and transverse connection system construction at mid-span. A spacing of 20mm to 40mm is set between the flange plates (1) of the T-beam to eliminate the width deviation of the precast T-beam flange plate (1) and the T-beam installation deviation. When the bridge deck slab (10) is constructed, the gap can be sealed with filling material or foam board (12). When using this simple wide flange plate T-beam, the construction of the T-beam bridge is carried out through the following steps: S1: The substructure of the T-beam of the construction T-beam bridge includes the pier (7), the pier cap beam (6), and the abutment; S2: T-beams are made using a fixed template. The prefabrication of T-beams with different cross slopes is achieved by using an adjustable screw (13) with adjustable exposed length, a rotating device (15) for the template of flange plate (1) and web plate (2), and a bottom crossbar (14) with adjustable height. S3: When making small-span T-beams, T-beams of different heights can be made by using longitudinal and transverse distribution beams (18) and movable bases (19) of different heights. S4: On the pier cap beam (6), use high-strength cement-based material to construct T-beam high-strength cement-based pad stone (5), and on the top surface of the lower half of the abutment, use high-strength cement-based material to construct T-beam high-strength cement-based pad stone (5). S5: Install the T-beam onto the high-strength cement-based pad stone (5) of the abutment and pier; S6: Cast the transverse connecting beam (4) of the T-beam on the pier cap beam (6), and cast the bridge deck pavement layer in front of and behind the pier cap beam (6) together to connect the T-beam and the pier cap beam (6) into a whole and form a rigid connection. S7: Pour the upper part of the bridge abutment and the transverse connecting beam of the T beam (4), together with the bridge deck pavement layer near the bridge abutment, to connect the T beam and the bridge abutment into a whole and form a rigid connection. S8: Install bridge deck rainwater collector (22), rainwater pipe suspension device, rainwater pipe (23), pour the remaining bridge deck paving on the top surface of T beam; S9: Construct the bridge deck waterproof layer (24), crash guardrail (21), and lay the bridge deck asphalt surface layer (3). S10: Pour the bridge deck edge beams (25) and light pole foundations (26), install pedestrian railings (20) and light poles (27), and the bridge deck construction is completed.

2. The construction method for a simplified wide-flange T-beam bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the height of the T-beam to the width of the flange plate (1) is between 0.55 and 0.

8.

3. The construction method for a simplified wide-flange T-beam bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the T-beam are rigidly connected to the abutment and the pier cap beam (6), and the T-beam is also rigidly connected laterally at the pier (7) and abutment positions.

4. The construction method for a simplified wide-flange T-beam bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simple wide flange plate T-beam is matched with a universal template, which can adjust the angle of the flange plate (1) and can prefabricate simple wide flange plate T-beams with different heights and different cross slopes of the top surface of the flange plate (1).

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