A heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric micro-digging and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a heat dissipation system for low-pressure pure electric micro-digging and a control method thereof, relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and comprises an MCU cooling fan, an electronic fan and a whole-machine controller VCU. The whole-machine controller VCU is further connected with the motor controller MCU and a hydraulic oil temperature sensor, is used for receiving an oil temperature signal, receiving a signal fed back by the motor controller MCU and sending corresponding instructions. The application monitors the real-time temperatures of the hydraulic oil and the motor controller MCU through the whole-machine controller VCU, and integrates the control of the two, and the different preset values of the temperature of the motor controller MCU control the starting of the two fans and the adjustment of different rotating speeds. When the hydraulic oil is overheated earlier than the motor controller MCU, the starting of the electronic fan has priority. Through the mode, energy can be fully utilized, the problems in the prior art can be solved, unnecessary energy waste can be reduced, the normal and stable operation of the whole machine can be ensured, and the hydraulic oil and the motor controller MCU can be effectively cooled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically to a heat dissipation system and control method for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators. Background Technology

[0002] An excavator, also known as a digger, is a type of earthmoving machinery that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the machine's bearing surface and load them into transport vehicles or unload them into a stockpile. An excavator consists of a power unit, working device, slewing mechanism, control mechanism, transmission mechanism, and traveling mechanism, and is primarily used for excavating materials such as soil, coal, and silt.

[0003] With continuous societal progress, strict emission control and environmental protection in engineering machinery have become a development trend. Simultaneously, considering safety reasons, the research and development and production of low-voltage mini excavators have been widely implemented. Currently, due to structural and size limitations, the motor controllers of low-voltage mini excavators can only employ air-cooling structures. When operating continuously in high-temperature environments, the electronic control unit continuously inputs high current to the motor, causing the controller to overheat. Limiting the current output reduces motor power, affecting operation, while increasing the voltage cannot guarantee operator safety. Furthermore, existing air-cooling technologies lack proper integrated control settings and monitoring, resulting in unnecessary energy waste and poor heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat dissipation system and control method for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators, so as to solve the problems of unnecessary energy waste and poor heat dissipation effect caused by the lack of proper integrated control settings and monitoring of air cooling in the prior art mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a heat dissipation system for a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, comprising: An MCU cooling fan, which is integrated on the heat sink fins of the motor controller MCU, is used to dissipate heat from the motor controller MCU. An electronic fan is installed at the edge of the excavator's cab and is in close contact with the heat dissipation mesh of the cover. The system controller (VCU) is electrically connected to the MCU cooling fan and the electric fan. The VCU (Variable Control Unit) is also connected to the MCU (Microcontroller Unit) and the hydraulic oil temperature sensor, which are used to receive oil temperature signals and signals fed back by the MCU and issue corresponding commands.

[0006] Preferably, the motor controller MCU is electrically connected to a motor body, which is used to drive the hydraulic system.

[0007] Preferably, the overall controller VCU is also connected to an instrument to display the overall temperature status of the machine.

[0008] Preferably, the overall controller VCU is connected to the instrument via a CAN bus.

[0009] Preferably, the air blowing end of the MCU cooling fan faces the hydraulic oil diffuser, the hydraulic oil diffuser is located between the MCU cooling fan and the electric fan, and the air blowing end of the electric fan faces outward from the cabin.

[0010] A control method for a heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, according to the above-mentioned heat dissipation system for a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, includes S1 controlling the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU to be greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil and S2 controlling the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU to be less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil; specifically as follows: S1 controls the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU to be greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil, and monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU through the machine controller VCU. Several preset values ​​are set, and when the temperature of the motor controller MCU reaches or falls below the preset value, the MCU cooling fan is adjusted to start or stop. When the motor controller MCU reaches the over-temperature risk value, the electronic fan is turned on synchronously and the speed is matched to the corresponding preset value. The control of the over-temperature rate of the VCU of the whole machine controller S2 being less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil is achieved by monitoring the hydraulic oil temperature sensor and setting several preset values. When the temperature monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor reaches or falls below the preset value, the speed of the electronic fan is adjusted to the matching speed or turned off.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, a preset value t1 is set. When the temperature of the motor controller MCU reaches the preset value t1, the whole machine controller VCU sends a start command to start the MCU cooling fan. When the temperature is less than the preset value t1, the whole machine controller VCU sends a stop command to stop the MCU cooling fan. When the preset value t2 is set, the VCU monitors the temperature of the MCU and the motor controller. When the temperature reaches the preset value t2, the VCU sends a start command to start the electronic fan and the speed of the electronic fan is set to n1.

[0012] Preferably, a preset value t3 is set. When the temperature of the motor controller MCU reaches the preset value t3, the whole machine controller VCU sends a start command to start the electronic fan, and the speed of the electronic fan is set to n2.

[0013] Preferably, the preset temperature t3 is greater than the preset temperature t2, and the rotation speed n2 is greater than the rotation speed n1.

[0014] Preferably, in S2, a preset value T1 is set, and the hydraulic oil temperature is monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor. When the temperature monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor reaches the preset value T1, a signal is fed back to the whole machine controller VCU, and the whole machine controller VCU issues a start command to set the speed of the electronic fan to N1. A preset value T2 is set. When the hydraulic oil temperature sensor detects that the temperature reaches the preset value T2, a feedback signal is sent to the machine controller VCU. The machine controller VCU then issues a start command to set the electric fan speed to N2.

[0015] Preferably, after the hydraulic oil temperature sensor provides a feedback signal, the start or stop of the electronic fan and its speed are no longer controlled by the feedback signal from the motor controller MCU, until the hydraulic oil temperature sensor detects that the hydraulic oil temperature is lower than the preset value T1.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention uses a VCU (Variable Temperature Control Unit) to monitor the real-time temperature of the hydraulic oil and the MCU (Microcontroller Unit), and integrates their control. Different preset temperatures of the MCU control the activation of two types of fans and adjust their speeds accordingly. When the hydraulic oil overheats before the MCU, the electric fan takes priority. This method fully utilizes energy, solves problems in existing technologies by reducing unnecessary energy waste, and ensures the normal and stable operation of the entire machine, effectively dissipating heat from the hydraulic oil and the MCU. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system for a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the S1 flow in an embodiment of the control method for a heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the S2 flow in an embodiment of the control method for a heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. MCU cooling fan; 2. Electric fan; 3. Motor controller MCU; 4. Overall controller VCU; 5. Hydraulic oil temperature sensor; 6. Motor body; 7. Instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example

[0022] Please see Figure 1 A heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators, consisting of MCU cooling fan 1, electric fan 2 and whole machine controller VCU4; In practice, the MCU cooling fan 1 is integrated on the heat sink fins of the motor controller MCU3 to dissipate heat from the motor controller MCU3; the motor controller MCU3 is electrically connected to the motor body 6, which is used to drive the hydraulic system.

[0023] The electric fan 2 is installed at the edge of the excavator's nacelle and is in close contact with the heat dissipation mesh of the cover; the whole machine controller VCU4 is electrically connected to the MCU cooling fan 1 and the electric fan 2; wherein, the blowing end of the MCU cooling fan 1 faces the hydraulic oil diffuser, the hydraulic oil diffuser is located between the MCU cooling fan 1 and the electric fan 2, and the blowing end of the electric fan 2 faces the outside of the nacelle.

[0024] The main controller VCU4 is also connected to the motor controller MCU3 and the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5, which are used to receive oil temperature signals and signals fed back from the motor controller MCU3 and issue corresponding commands. The main controller VCU4 is also connected to the instrument 7, which is connected to the main controller VCU4 via a CAN bus; it is used to display the temperature status of the entire machine.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A control method for a heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, based on the aforementioned heat dissipation system for a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, is divided into two parts: S1, control where the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU4 is greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil; and S2, control where the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU4 is less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil. Specifically, it is as follows: like Figure 2 As shown, the over-temperature rate of the S1 whole machine controller VCU4 is greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil, and the temperature of the motor controller MCU3 is monitored through the whole machine controller VCU4. The system controller VCU4 monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU3. When the temperature reaches the preset value t1, the system controller VCU4 sends a start command to start the MCU cooling fan 1. When the temperature is less than the preset value t1, the system controller VCU4 sends a stop command to stop the MCU cooling fan 1. When the preset value t2 is set, the whole machine controller VCU4 monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU3 and when it reaches the preset value t2, it sends a start command through the whole machine controller VCU4 to start the electronic fan 2, and the speed of the electronic fan 2 is set to n1.

[0026] When the preset value t3 is set, the whole machine controller VCU4 monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU3 and when it reaches the preset value t3, it sends a start command through the whole machine controller VCU4 to start the electronic fan 2, and the speed of the electronic fan 2 is set to n2.

[0027] Among them, the preset temperature t3 is greater than the preset temperature t2, and the rotation speed n2 is greater than the rotation speed n1.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the control of the over-temperature rate of the S2 whole machine controller VCU4 being less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil is monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5. A preset value T1 is set, and the hydraulic oil temperature is monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5. When the temperature monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5 reaches the preset value T1, a feedback signal is sent to the whole machine controller VCU4, and the whole machine controller VCU4 issues a start command to increase the speed of the electronic fan 2 to N1. Set a preset value T2. When the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature has reached the preset value T2, it sends a feedback signal to the whole machine controller VCU4. The whole machine controller VCU4 then issues a start command to increase the speed of the electronic fan 2 to N2.

[0029] Among them, after the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5 provides a feedback signal, the start or stop of the electronic fan 2 and its speed are no longer controlled by the feedback signal of the motor controller MCU, until the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 5 detects that the hydraulic oil temperature is lower than the preset value T1.

[0030] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation system for a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, characterized in that, include: MCU cooling fan (1), the MCU cooling fan (1) is integrated on the heat dissipation fins of the motor controller MCU (3) and is used to dissipate heat from the motor controller MCU (3); An electronic fan (2) is installed at the edge of the excavator cabin and is in close contact with the heat dissipation mesh of the cover. The whole machine controller VCU (4) is electrically connected to the MCU cooling fan (1) and the electric fan (2); The machine controller VCU (4) is also connected to the motor controller MCU (3) and the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5), which are used to receive the oil temperature signal and the signal fed back by the motor controller MCU (3) and issue corresponding instructions; The air blowing end of the MCU cooling fan (1) is directed toward the hydraulic oil; The temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) is monitored by the control that the over-temperature rate of the whole machine controller VCU (4) is greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil. Several preset values ​​are set, and when the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) reaches or falls below the preset value, the MCU cooling fan (1) is adjusted to start or stop. When the motor controller MCU (3) reaches the over-temperature risk value, the electronic fan (2) is turned on synchronously and the speed is matched to the corresponding preset value.

2. The heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor controller MCU (3) is electrically connected to the motor body (6), which is used to drive the hydraulic system.

3. The heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The unit controller VCU (4) is also connected to an instrument (7) to display the temperature status of the unit.

4. The heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators according to claim 3, characterized in that: The whole machine controller VCU (4) and the instrument (7) are connected via CAN bus.

5. The heat dissipation system for low-voltage pure electric mini excavators according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic oil is located between the MCU cooling fan (1) and the electronic fan (2), and the blowing end of the electronic fan (2) faces out of the cabin.

6. A control method for a heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator, characterized in that: The heat dissipation system for a low-pressure pure electric micro excavator according to any one of claims 1-5 includes S1 controlling the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU (4) to be greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil and S2 controlling the over-temperature rate of the machine controller VCU (4) to be less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil; specifically as follows: S1 controls the over-temperature rate of the whole machine controller VCU (4) to be greater than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil, and monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) through the whole machine controller VCU (4); Several preset values ​​are set, and when the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) reaches or falls below the preset value, the MCU cooling fan (1) is adjusted to start or stop. When the motor controller MCU (3) reaches the over-temperature risk value, the electronic fan (2) is turned on synchronously and the speed is matched to the corresponding preset value; The control of the over-temperature rate of the whole machine controller VCU (4) being less than the over-temperature rate of the hydraulic oil is achieved by monitoring the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) and setting several preset values. When the temperature monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) reaches or is less than the preset value, the speed of the electronic fan (2) is adjusted to the matching speed or turned off.

7. The control method for the heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, a preset value t1 is set. When the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) reaches the preset value t1, the whole machine controller VCU (4) sends a start command to start the MCU cooling fan (1) through the whole machine controller VCU (4). When the temperature is less than the preset value t1, the whole machine controller VCU (4) sends a stop command to stop the MCU cooling fan (1). When the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) reaches the preset value t2, the VCU (4) of the whole machine controller monitors the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3). The VCU (4) then sends a start command to start the electronic fan (2), and the speed of the electronic fan (2) is set to n1.

8. The control method for the heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the temperature of the motor controller MCU (3) reaches the preset value t3, the VCU (4) of the whole machine controller sends a start command to start the electronic fan (2) and the speed of the electronic fan (2) is set to n2.

9. The control method for the heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preset temperature t3 is greater than the preset temperature t2, and the rotation speed n2 is greater than the rotation speed n1.

10. The control method for the heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that: S2 sets a preset value T1, and monitors the hydraulic oil temperature through the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5). When the temperature monitored by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) reaches the preset value T1, it feeds back a signal to the whole machine controller VCU (4). The whole machine controller VCU (4) issues a start command to make the electronic fan (2) rotate to N1. Set a preset value T2. When the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) detects that the temperature reaches the preset value T2, it sends a feedback signal to the whole machine controller VCU (4). The whole machine controller VCU (4) issues a start command to make the electronic fan (2) rotate to N2.

11. The control method for the heat dissipation system of a low-voltage pure electric mini excavator according to claim 10, characterized in that: After the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) provides a feedback signal, the start or stop of the electronic fan (2) and its speed are no longer controlled by the feedback signal of the motor controller MCU until the hydraulic oil temperature sensor (5) detects that the hydraulic oil temperature is lower than the preset value T1.

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