A floatable torque multiplication swivel head device and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a floating torque-increasing rotary head device and an operating method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of transmission and control of oil drilling equipment. The device comprises a floating rotary head component assembly and a two-stage gear reduction and torque-increasing mechanism assembly. The floating rotary head component assembly comprises a box, an inner sleeve, a large gear, a rotary head, a bearing support, a baffle and a main shaft. The inner sleeve and the main shaft are fastened together with the box, and the bearing support is fixedly connected to the main shaft, which is referred to as an inner sleeve part and is fixed relative to the box. The large gear, the baffle and the rotary head are connected together, the large gear carries the rotary head and the baffle to rotate around the main shaft, which is referred to as a rotary head part, and the rotary head part can rotate around the inner sleeve. Meanwhile, the application further discloses an operating method of the floating torque-increasing rotary head device. The two-stage gear reduction and torque-increasing mode is used to realize the control of a single-load channel rotary head mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transmission and control technology of oil drilling equipment, and relates to a floating torque-increasing rotary head device and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] Top drive drilling rigs (or "top drive") are essential advanced equipment for modern drilling operations. Their primary action is typically driven by an electric motor or motor-driven spindle for drilling, while auxiliary actions are accomplished through a hydraulic system that drives relevant actuators. The entire unit generally consists of two main components: the power swivel and the tubing handler. The power swivel typically comprises a main drive mechanism and a main lifting mechanism. The main lifting mechanism includes a lifting ring, housing, inner sleeve, and spindle. The tubing handler mainly includes components related to the top drive's drill pipe assembly and disassembly process, including the rotary head, rotary motor and its driven gear pair, back clamp assembly, IBOP control assembly, and lifting ring / clamp assembly.

[0003] Typically, top drive mainframes employ a dual-load channel structure. During drilling, the spindle is connected to the downhole drill string, and the spindle transfers the suspended weight to the housing via bearings. The main bearing bears the entire load from the drilling process. During tripping in and out of the well, when connecting or disconnecting the drill string, the drill string load is transferred to the rotary head via the lifting ring mechanism. The rotary head then transfers the load to the housing via the inner sleeve. The characteristic of the dual-load channel is that during drilling, the top drive main bearing bears the drill string load; during tripping in and out of the well, the rotary head bears the drill string load and transfers it to the housing via the inner sleeve. The characteristic of a single-load channel is that the drill string load is applied to the spindle regardless of whether drilling or tripping in or out of the well. During drilling, the rotary head is in a floating state, detached from the spindle's rotation. During tripping in and out of the well, under the weight of the drill string, the rotary head acts on the spindle, still bearing the overall suspended load through the main bearing. Meanwhile, with the popularization and promotion of hydraulic lifting clamps, the rotation seal between the slewing head and the inner sleeve has increased, causing the slewing head to be unable to rotate around the inner sleeve or the pressure of the slewing head drive motor to increase to a high pressure range, causing motor overload. Therefore, a two-stage gear speed reduction and torque increase method was adopted to solve the problem of the slewing head's difficulty in rotation.

[0004] There is an urgent need in the existing technology for a floating torque-increasing rotary head device and its operation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the existing technology and provide a floating torque-increasing rotary head device and its operation method. A single-load channel rotary head mechanism is designed, which solves the problem of free rotation of the rotary head under the condition of a large increase in frictional resistance by means of two-stage gear reduction and torque increase, and realizes the control of the single-load channel rotary head mechanism.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows: On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a floating torque-increasing rotary head device, including a floating rotary head assembly and a two-stage gear reduction torque-increasing mechanism assembly. The floating rotary head assembly includes a housing, an inner sleeve, a large gear, a rotary head, a support member, a baffle, and a main shaft. The inner sleeve and the main shaft are fastened to the housing through a certain connection method. The support member is fixedly connected to the main shaft. This part is called the inner sleeve part, and its position relative to the housing is fixed. The large gear and the baffle are connected to the rotary head. The large gear can carry the rotary head and the baffle to rotate around the main shaft. This part is called the rotary head part, and the rotary head part rotates around the inner sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotary head section moves up and down along the axial direction of the inner sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner sleeve, large gear, upper seal, middle outer seal, isolation ring, middle inner seal, retaining ring, and related oil passages and accessories form a sealed pressure chamber. When the reversing valve is energized, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the sealed pressure chamber through the pressure reducing valve and reversing valve. The high-pressure hydraulic oil pushes the large gear to carry the rotary head and baffle upward along the inner sleeve, causing the rotary head to detach from the supporting support. When the main shaft rotates, the static position of the rotary head is not affected.

[0009] Furthermore, when the directional valve is de-energized, the slewing head section moves downwards under gravity and sits on the support bracket, while the hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank via the directional valve. The slewing head section, through the support bracket, transfers itself and its associated load onto the spindle, thus achieving the function of single-load operation of the spindle.

[0010] Furthermore, the two-stage gear reduction and torque amplification mechanism assembly includes a bracket, a hydraulic motor, a first gear pair drive gear, a first gear pair driven gear, a pin shaft, a second gear pair drive gear, a large gear, and auxiliary parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the bracket is connected to the housing through a series of connecting and fastening parts. The hydraulic motor, the drive gear of the first gear pair, the driven gear of the first gear pair, the pin shaft, and the driving gear of the second gear pair are all connected to the bracket. The bracket bears the weight of these components and the rotational torque of the gear pair.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic motor drives the driven gear of the first gear pair to rotate. The driving gear of the second gear pair and the driven gear of the first gear pair are made of the same material and operate synchronously, driving the large gear to rotate around the inner sleeve. This achieves the function of free rotation of the rotary head under the condition of adding a rotary seal.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving gear of the second gear pair and the large gear form the second gear transmission pair, and the gear design ensures full contact in both the suspended and sunken states of the rotary head.

[0014] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide an operating method for a floating torque-increasing rotary head device, comprising the following steps: During normal drilling, the swivel head is suspended, detached from the spindle, and unaffected by the spindle's rotation. The spindle rotates normally to complete the drilling operation, during which the spindle always bears the load. When the spindle stops rotating and the drill string needs to be disassembled or other related operations are performed, the swivel head assembly is lowered onto the support bracket. The weight of the swivel head assembly and its associated suspended weight are transferred to the spindle through the support bracket. The main bearing still bears the load. This structure is called a single-load structure, meaning that the load is always borne by the main bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, during the suspension and lowering process of the rotary head assembly, the secondary gear pair and the gear must meet the requirement of constant meshing. The gear pair has different thicknesses relative to the gear and is a straight tooth structure that can move up and down.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: This invention provides a floating torque-enhancing rotary head device and its operating method, and designs a single-load channel pipe processor device, realizing the design of a single-load channel top drive overall mechanism. During top drive drilling, the rotary head is in a suspended state and does not rotate with the spindle; the heavy loads on the drill string, drilling tools, etc., are borne by the main bearing. During tripping in and out of the drill string, the rotary head can sink and sit on the bearing bracket, so that the inner sleeve no longer bears the heavy load. The heavy load is transferred to the spindle through the bearing bracket, and the main bearing still bears the heavy load. At the same time, the newly adopted two-stage gear reduction torque-enhancing mechanism can easily drive the rotary head to rotate, allowing the hydraulic motor to operate within a reasonable pressure range. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slewing head in the suspended and submerged states, where A represents the suspended state and B represents the submerged state; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure oil bearing chamber when the rotary head is in a suspended or submerged state, where A represents the suspended state and B represents the submerged state. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control principle for a slewing head floating mechanism. In the diagram: 1-Bearing housing, 11-Inner sleeve, 12-Swivel head, 13-Bearing support, 14-Rotating spindle, 15-Baffle, 20-Bearing bracket, 21-Hydraulic motor, 22-Drive gear of the first gear pair, 23-Driven gear of the first gear pair, 24-Pin, 25-Drive gear of the second gear pair, 26-Large gear, 30-Pressure oil bearing chamber, 121-Bearing, 11-Inner sleeve, 12-Swivel head, 26-Large gear, 31-Upper seal, 32-Middle outer seal, 33-Isolation ring, 34-Middle inner seal, 35-Retaining ring, 122-Sliding bearing, 41-Pressure reducing valve, 42-Reversing valve, 43-Pressure measuring node, 44-Pressure bearing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a floating torque-increasing rotary head device, the structure of which (as shown in the figure) Figure 1 It includes two parts: a floating rotary head assembly and a two-stage gear reduction and torque amplification mechanism assembly. Figure 3 The hydraulic schematic diagram shown illustrates the control principle of the floating rotary head component. Figure 2 The specific structural diagram for achieving floating of the floating rotary head.

[0021] The floating rotary head assembly mainly comprises a housing 1, an inner sleeve 11, a large gear 26, a rotary head 12, a support member 13, a baffle 15, and a main shaft 14. The inner sleeve 11 and the main shaft 14 are securely connected to the housing 1 via a specific connection method. The support member 13 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 14; this part is called the inner sleeve, and its position relative to the housing is fixed. The large gear 26 and the baffle 15 are connected to the rotary head 12. The large gear 26 can carry the rotary head 12 and the baffle 15 to rotate around the main shaft 14; this part is called the rotary head. The rotary head can rotate around the inner sleeve and can also move up and down along the axial direction of the inner sleeve. The schematic diagram of its up-and-down movement along the axial direction of the inner sleeve is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the structure that enables vertical movement is described as follows: Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2As shown, the inner sleeve 11, large gear 26, upper seal 31, middle outer seal 32, isolation ring 33, middle inner seal 34, retaining ring 35, and related oil passages and accessories form a sealed pressure chamber. When the reversing valve 42 is energized, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters this sealed pressure chamber through the pressure reducing valve 41 and the reversing valve 42. The high-pressure hydraulic oil pushes the large gear 26, carrying the rotary head 12, baffle 15, and other components upward along the inner sleeve, causing the rotary head to detach from the bearing support 13. This does not affect the static position of the rotary head while the main shaft 14 rotates. When the reversing valve 42 is de-energized, the rotary head moves downward under gravity and sits on the bearing support 13. The hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank through the reversing valve 42. The rotary head, along with its associated load, is transferred to the main shaft via the bearing support 13, achieving the single-load function of the main shaft.

[0022] The two-stage gear reduction and torque amplification mechanism assembly comprises a bracket 20, a hydraulic motor 21, a first gear pair drive gear 22, a first gear pair driven gear 23, a pin 24, a second gear pair drive gear 25, a large gear 26, and related auxiliary components. The bracket 20 is connected to the housing 1 via a series of connecting and fastening parts. The hydraulic motor 21, the first gear pair drive gear 22, the first gear pair driven gear 23, the pin 24, and the second gear pair drive gear 25 are all connected to the bracket 20, which bears the weight of these components and the rotational torque of the gear pair. Its working process is as follows: the hydraulic motor drives the first gear pair driven gear 23 to rotate. The second gear pair drive gear 25 and the first gear pair driven gear 23 are made of the same material and operate synchronously, driving the large gear 26 to rotate around the inner sleeve 11, thus achieving the function of free rotation of the rotary head under the condition of adding a rotary seal. The second gear pair consists of the driving gear 25 and the large gear 26, forming the second gear transmission pair. The gear design ensures sufficient contact in both the suspended and sunken states of the rotating head.

[0023] Actual working conditions on site: During normal drilling, the rotary head is suspended, detached from the spindle, and unaffected by the spindle's rotation. The spindle rotates normally to complete the drilling operation, during which the spindle always bears the load. When the spindle stops rotating and the drill string needs to be disassembled or other related operations are performed, the rotary head assembly is lowered onto the support bracket. The weight of the rotary head assembly and its associated suspended weight are transferred to the spindle through the support bracket. The load is still borne by the spindle bearing, hence this structure is called a single-load structure, meaning the load is always borne by the spindle bearing. During the suspension and lowering of the rotary head assembly, the secondary gear pair must maintain constant meshing. Therefore, the thickness of the gear pair differs from that of the primary gear, and it is a spur gear structure that can move up and down.

[0024] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A floating torque-increasing rotary head device, characterized in that, The system includes a floating rotary head assembly and a two-stage gear reduction and torque amplification mechanism assembly. The floating rotary head assembly includes a housing (1), an inner sleeve (11), a large gear (26), a rotary head (12), a support member (13), a baffle (15), and a main shaft (14). The inner sleeve (11) and the main shaft (14) are fastened to the housing (1) through a certain connection method. The support member (13) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (14). This part is called the inner sleeve part, and its position relative to the housing is fixed. The large gear (26) and the baffle (15) are connected to the rotary head (12). The large gear (26) carries the rotary head (12) and the baffle (15) to rotate around the main shaft (14). This part is called the rotary head part, and the rotary head part rotates around the inner sleeve. The rotating head moves up and down along the axial direction of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve (11), large gear (26), upper seal (31), middle outer seal (32), isolation ring (33), middle inner seal (34), retaining ring (35) and related oil passages and accessories form a closed pressure chamber. When the reversing valve (42) is energized, high pressure hydraulic oil enters the closed pressure chamber through the pressure reducing valve (41) and the reversing valve (42). The high pressure hydraulic oil pushes the large gear (26) to carry the rotary head (12) and baffle (15) upward along the inner sleeve, so that the rotary head is separated from the bearing support (13). When the main shaft (14) rotates, the static position of the rotary head is not affected. When the reversing valve (42) is de-energized, the rotary head moves down and sits on the bearing support (13) under the action of gravity. The hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank through the reversing valve (42). The rotary head and its associated load are transferred to the main shaft through the bearing support (13).

2. The floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage gear reduction and torque increasing mechanism assembly includes a bracket (20), a hydraulic motor (21), a first gear pair drive gear (22), a first gear pair driven gear (23), a pin shaft (24), a second gear pair drive gear (25), a large gear (26), and auxiliary parts.

3. The floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket (20) is connected to the housing (1) through a series of connecting fasteners. The hydraulic motor (21), the first gear pair drive gear (22), the first gear pair driven gear (23), the pin (24), and the second gear pair drive gear (25) are all connected to the bracket (20). The bracket (20) bears the weight of these components and the rotational torque of the gear pair.

4. The floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic motor drives the driven gear (23) of the first gear pair to rotate. The driving gear (25) of the second gear pair and the driven gear (23) of the first gear pair are made of the same material and operate synchronously, driving the large gear (26) to rotate around the inner sleeve (11), thus realizing the function of free rotation of the rotary head under the condition of adding a rotary seal.

5. The floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second gear pair consists of the driving gear (25) and the large gear (26), forming the second gear transmission pair. The gear design ensures sufficient contact in both the suspended and sunken states of the rotating head.

6. A method of operating the floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During normal drilling, the swivel head is suspended, detached from the spindle, and unaffected by the spindle's rotation. The spindle rotates normally to complete the drilling operation, during which the spindle always bears the load. When the spindle stops rotating and the drill string needs to be disassembled or other related operations are performed, the swivel head assembly is lowered onto the support bracket. The weight of the swivel head assembly and its associated suspended weight are transferred to the spindle through the support bracket. The main bearing still bears the load. This structure is called a single-load structure, meaning that the load is always borne by the main bearing.

7. The operating method of the floating torque-increasing rotary head device according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the suspension and lowering process of the rotary head, the secondary gear pair and the gear must meet the requirement of constant meshing. The gear pair has different thicknesses relative to the gear and is a straight tooth structure that moves up and down.

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