Experimental device for simulating the ultra-deep water surface conduit jetting and surface conduit vibration

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of experimental devices of simulating ultra-deep water surface pipe jetting and surface pipe vibration, including box structure, mounting frame system, drive frame system, tool changing system, drill string simulation system, liquid injection system and acquisition system, box structure is arranged on the bottom of mounting frame system, drive frame system is arranged on the upper portion of mounting frame system, one end of drill string simulation system is arranged in box structure, the other end of drill string simulation system is connected with liquid injection system, liquid injection system is connected with drive frame system, tool changing system is equipped on box structure, tool changing system can replace drill bit or impact tool for drill string simulation system, acquisition system is connected with box structure and liquid injection system.The application can effectively simulate the mechanical behavior of surface pipe in deep water shallow layer, to simulate the vibration of surface pipe under different drilling conditions and the influence on soil strength, reduce the economic investment of test, improve the accuracy and reliability of test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine oil and gas well engineering technology, specifically to an experimental device for simulating the jetting and insertion of ultra-deepwater surface conduit and the vibration of the surface conduit. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's oil and gas development advances into deep and ultra-deep waters, the proportion of deep-water oil and gas in the energy sector is increasing year by year, and deep-water and ultra-deep-water well construction is becoming more common. However, the interaction mechanism between deep-water shallow geology and the injected surface guide pipe is complex, and the stress situation of the surface guide pipe is intricate, making it more difficult to calculate its bearing capacity. Calculating the surface guide pipe's bearing capacity is a critical step in well construction design. Therefore, to study more efficient and rapid deep-water and ultra-deep-water shallow well construction methods, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the mechanical properties of deep-water and ultra-deep-water shallow geology and the interaction mechanism between the surface guide pipe and shallow geology. This research aims to reveal the vibration response propagation law of the ultra-deep-water drill string-surface guide pipe and the influence mechanism of surface guide pipe vibration on soil strength. This has important guiding significance for the selection of efficient deep-water and ultra-deep-water shallow well construction technologies and methods. Therefore, research on the injection and deployment of deep-water and ultra-deep-water shallow surface guide pipes and the impact of surface guide pipe vibration on the strength of the surrounding soil is of great guiding significance for deep-water and ultra-deep-water oil and gas well construction and development.

[0003] Currently, experimental instruments used for the injection and lowering of surface guide pipes and their interaction with the soil are primarily cylindrical autoclaves, mainly used to study the bearing capacity and vibration simulation of surface guide pipes under conventional water depth conditions. The experimental materials are primarily steel, with other materials including sand and seawater. The surface guide pipe module in the experimental system is relatively short, and the vibration simulation does not consider the effects of the soil strata beyond the simulated surface guide pipe length. The vibration applied to the guide pipe is provided by a hydraulic cylinder with a single vibration direction, failing to consider the multi-directional impact vibrations on the wellhead caused by drill pipe vortexing during actual drilling. Furthermore, the surface guide pipe is often pre-inserted into sand, making it impossible to simulate the injection and lowering process.

[0004] The existing surface duct injection simulation device mainly has the following problems:

[0005] (1) The existing surface conduit simulation blocks were pre-inserted into sand before the experiment. The lack of jetting disturbance process had a significant impact on the simulation of the surface conduit bearing capacity, directly affecting the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0006] (2) Existing surface guide pipe simulation devices cannot replace drill bits and cannot simulate the second drilling process;

[0007] (3) Existing surface conduit simulation devices do not involve testing the changes in soil strength around the surface conduit;

[0008] (4) Existing surface conduit simulation devices do not consider the effect of strata other than the length of the simulated surface conduit on the conduit.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device to simulate the jet descent and vibration of surface ducts in ultra-deep water. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention provides an experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of surface guide pipes in ultra-deep water and the vibration of surface guide pipes, aiming to solve the problems of limited simulation scenarios and inaccurate simulation results in surface guide pipe jetting and descent simulation devices.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] An experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits includes a box structure, a mounting frame system, a drive frame system, a tool changing system, a drill string simulation system, a fluid injection system, and a data acquisition system. The box structure is located at the bottom of the mounting frame system, and the drive frame system is located at the top of the mounting frame system. One end of the drill string simulation system is located inside the box structure, and the other end of the drill string simulation system is connected to the fluid injection system. The fluid injection system is connected to the drive frame system. The tool changing system is provided on the box structure, and the tool changing system can replace the drill bit or impact cutter for the drill string simulation system. The data acquisition system is connected to the box structure and the fluid injection system.

[0013] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits is preferably provided in the following configuration: the installation system includes a support frame, a lead screw, a movable base plate, a transmission screw, and a guide rail. The bottom of the support frame is provided with a guide rail, and the transmission screw is mounted on the guide rail. The movable base plate is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the bottom of the movable base plate is threadedly connected to the transmission screw. The movable base plate is provided with a box structure, and the upper part of the support frame is provided with the lead screw. The lead screw is mounted on the lead screw, and the drive frame system is movable on the lead screw.

[0014] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits is preferably characterized in that the drive frame system includes an inner rod drive frame, an outer rod drive frame, an inner rod drive motor, an inner rod moving structure, and an outer rod moving structure. The two ends of the inner rod drive frame and the two ends of the outer rod drive frame are respectively positioned above the lead screw via the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure. The inner rod drive frame is positioned above the outer rod drive frame. The inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure can respectively drive the inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame to move on the lead screw. The inner rod drive motor is mounted on the inner rod drive frame. The drill string simulation system is fixed to the outer rod drive frame and connected to the inner rod drive motor via the injection system.

[0015] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes is preferably provided in which both the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure include a drive motor, a cross plate, a thrust bearing, a nut gear, and a drive gear. The inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame are respectively mounted on the lead screw via the thrust bearing. The drive motor is respectively located at both ends of the inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame. The drive motor is connected to the drive gear, and the drive gear is connected to the nut gear. The nut gear is located at the inner ring of the thrust bearing.

[0016] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits, preferably, includes a drill string simulation system comprising an inner rod, an outer cylinder, a through cap, an inner rod piston seal, and a mounting block. The bottom of the inner rod is equipped with a drill bit or impact cutter, and the top of the inner rod is connected to the injection system. The inner rod is equipped with the inner rod piston seal. An oil injection channel is formed between the inner rod and the outer cylinder, and hydraulic oil is injected into the oil injection channel, thereby subjecting the two end faces of the inner rod piston to hydraulic pressure, thus enabling the inner rod to move up and down. One end of the outer cylinder is fixed to the outer rod drive frame via the mounting block, and the through cap is provided at one end of the outer cylinder, sealing the through cap with the inner rod. The other end of the outer cylinder is sealed to the inner rod, and the outer cylinder extends out from the tool changing system.

[0017] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jet entry and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface guide tubes is preferably provided in which the tool changing system includes a sealed connection structure, a main shaft, a telescopic mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a tool magazine. The sealed connection structure is fixed to the housing structure, and the outer cylinder extends through the sealed connection structure. The telescopic mechanism and the rotating mechanism are provided on the sealed connection structure. The main shaft has the side of the outer cylinder, the top of the main shaft has the telescopic mechanism, and the bottom of the main shaft has the tool magazine. The telescopic mechanism can drive the tool magazine to move up and down, and the rotating mechanism can drive the tool magazine to rotate.

[0018] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jet entry and vibration of a surface duct in ultra-deep water is preferably provided in the following way: the sealing connection structure includes a sealing cover and a snap cover; the top of the sealing cover is provided with the snap cover; an inner cavity is formed between the sealing cover and the snap cover; the sealing cover and the snap cover are respectively provided with a first boss hole and a second boss hole; the outer cylinder passes through the first boss hole; the snap cover is provided with the telescopic mechanism; the main shaft passes through the second boss hole and is connected to the telescopic mechanism; and the inner cavity is provided with the rotation mechanism.

[0019] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes is preferably provided in the following manner: the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder and a buffer spring; the large end of the main shaft has a flange for mounting the buffer spring; the large end face of the main shaft has a threaded hole for connecting with the telescopic cylinder; the middle step of the main shaft has a keyway for mounting the passive turntable; and the small end step of the main shaft has a tool magazine thread for mounting the tool magazine disc.

[0020] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes is preferably characterized in that the rotating mechanism includes a synchronous limiting ring, a passive turntable, a main actuating disc, a coupling, a rotating shaft, and a motor. The synchronous limiting ring has a guide block for limiting the rotation of the passive turntable. The synchronous limiting ring is connected to the lower surface of the cover. The motor is mounted on the cover. The motor shaft is connected to the rotating shaft through the coupling. The lower end of the rotating shaft is threadedly connected to the main actuating disc. The main actuating disc and the passive turntable cooperate to achieve rotation.

[0021] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface conduits and the vibration of surface conduits is preferably provided with a groove on the circumference of the passive turntable and a detonating column on the circumference of the main actuating disc. When the main actuating disc rotates, the detonating columns can enter the groove one by one, thereby driving the passive turntable to rotate.

[0022] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes, preferably, comprises a box structure including a box body, a simulated wellhead, a cover ring, locking blocks, locking block springs, and a locking rod. The top of the box body houses the tool changing system, and the interior of the box body contains the simulated wellhead. The simulated wellhead has threads at the stepped section of its tubular portion for connection to the surface guide pipe. A stepped hole is located at the upper part of the simulated wellhead, used for installing the locking block assembly and the cover ring. A rectangular hole is also provided on the stepped ring surface of the simulated wellhead for installing the locking rod. The lower plate of the simulated wellhead is equipped with the locking spring, which is connected to the locking rod. The lower part of the locking block has a protruding tooth that can lock the locking rod's locking head end face, thereby locking the position of the locking block. The cover ring has a rectangular hole for the passage of the locking block's actuating pin. The end of the locking block is equipped with a locking block connector, and the two locking blocks are engaged through the locking block connector. When the actuating pin of the locking block is moved, the two locking blocks engage and move together, so that the locking block closes to clamp the lower outer surface of the outer cylinder or the locking block does not close to release the outer cylinder.

[0023] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduit is preferably provided in which the injection system includes an injection connector, an injection pipeline, a flow meter, a flow control valve, and a water supply device. The injection connector is connected to the drill string simulation system, and the injection connector is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline. The flow meter and the flow control valve are sequentially installed on the injection pipeline.

[0024] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jet insertion and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits is preferably provided in which the injection connector includes a connector mandrel, a limiting nut, a sealing ring, an injection ring, and a bearing. The top of the connector mandrel is connected to the inner rod drive motor, the inner cavity of the connector mandrel is connected to the injection ring, and the lower end face of the injection ring is connected to the convex ring of the connector mandrel through the bearing, so that the injection ring can rotate freely around the outer wall of the connector mandrel. The sealing ring is provided between the connector mandrel and the injection ring to ensure the sealing between the connector mandrel and the injection ring. The injection ring is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline, and the lower interface of the connector mandrel is connected to the inner rod.

[0025] The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduit is preferably provided in that the acquisition system includes a control system, a pressure control system, and a data acquisition system. The control system is connected to the tool changing system. One end of the pressure control system is connected to the housing structure via a liquid pipeline, and the other end of the pressure control system is connected to the injection system. The data acquisition system is connected to the drill string simulation system via wires.

[0026] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0027] (1) When using this invention, the control system can realize the up-and-down movement of the outer cylinder and the inner rod and the rotation movement of the inner rod. This solves the problem that the existing drill string simulation block cannot freely lower and rotate the drill string during the experiment, and cannot simulate the drilling bit jetting and lowering. This improves the accuracy of the experimental results, is easy to operate, shortens the experimental preparation time, and saves a lot of time and cost for experimental research.

[0028] (2) The surface conduit simulated in this invention is made according to the actual surface conduit specifications at a ratio of 3:20, and the simulated length is between 12m and 15m. The soil constraint force on the surface conduit of non-simulated length is applied by the soil action simulator, and the magnitude of the applied constraint force can be adjusted according to the ratio, which solves the problem that the existing experimental device cannot simulate the constraint effect of the stratum on the surface conduit of non-simulated length.

[0029] (3) The tool changing system in this invention can realize the functions of changing the drill bit and drilling the drill string in the box during the experiment according to the specific surface guide jetting operation process. Different impact blocks are used to simulate the interaction between the drill string and the wellhead / surface guide. It is easy to operate, shortens the test preparation time, and saves a lot of time and cost for the test research.

[0030] (4) The injection connector in this invention enables the injection of liquid into the inner rod while it rotates, overcoming the shortcomings of existing surface conduit injection simulation devices that cannot inject the surface conduit while the drill string is rotating. This makes the experiment closer to engineering practice, better highlights the influence of the research factors, and improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0031] In this invention, the pressure control system stabilizes the pressure inside the experimental chamber during the injection of the surface conduit, ensuring the safety of the experiment and improving the accuracy of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental system for simulating the jetting and descent of an ultra-deepwater surface guide tube and the vibration of the surface guide tube according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is an external view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an assembly drawing of the mounting frame system and drive frame system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a partial view of the drive frame system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a full sectional view of the drill string simulation system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is an external view of the soil action simulation tool of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8a This is a full sectional view of the housing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8b This is a top view of the housing of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8c This is an isometric view of the housing of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9a This is an isometric view of the injection connector of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9b This is a full sectional view of the injection connector of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10a This is a full sectional view of the tool changing system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10b This is a schematic diagram of the synchronization limiting ring of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10c This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the main drive dial and the passive turntable of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 11a This is a full sectional view of the wellhead module of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11b This is a perspective view of the wellhead module of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11c This is a three-dimensional view of the card block assembly of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 12-1a This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the symmetrical impact block and the inner rod.

[0051] Figure 12-1b This is a schematic diagram of the symmetrical impact block structure;

[0052] Figure 12-2a This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the three-way impact block and the inner rod.

[0053] Figure 12-2b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triaxial impact block;

[0054] Figure 12-3a This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unidirectional eccentric block and the inner rod.

[0055] Figure 12-3b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a unidirectional eccentric block.

[0056] In the picture:

[0057] 1. Mounting frame system; 101. Support frame; 102. Lead screw; 103. Movable base plate; 104. Transmission screw;

[0058] 105. Guide rail;

[0059] 2. Inner rod drive frame; 201. Drive motor one; 202. Horizontal plate one; 203. Inner rod drive motor;

[0060] 204. Drive motor two;

[0061] 205. Thrust bearing 1; 206. Nut gear 1; 207. Drive gear 1;

[0062] 3. Outer cylinder drive frame; 301. Drive motor three; 302. Horizontal plate two; 304. Drive motor four;

[0063] 305. Thrust bearing II; 306. Nut gear II; 307. Drive gear II;

[0064] 4. Drill string simulation system; 401. Inner rod; 402. Through cover; 403. Oil injection channel; 404. Mounting block; 405. Outer cylinder;

[0065] 406. Inner rod piston seal; 407. Outer cylinder lower seal; 409. Inner rod upper seal;

[0066] 5. Wire harness reel;

[0067] 6. Data acquisition system; 7. Traverse lines; 8. Soil action simulation tools;

[0068] 9. Enclosure; 901. Enclosure cylinder; 902. Enclosure cover; 903. Enclosure cover seal; 904. Liquid filling port; 905. Wiring harness port;

[0069] 10. Sandy soil; 11. Sensor array; 12. Surface conduit;

[0070] 22. Tool changing system; 13. Drill bit or impact cutter; 2201. Telescopic cylinder; 2203. Mounting cylinder; 2205. Buffer spring;

[0071] 2206. Screw; 2207. Synchronous limit ring;

[0072] 2209. Cover; 2210. Sealing cover; 2211. Main shaft; 2212. Motor; 2213. Coupling; 2214. Rotating shaft;

[0073] 2215. Passive turntable; 2216. Main drive dial; 2218. Tool magazine dial; 2219. Magnet;

[0074] 2220. Sealing ring;

[0075] 1301, Symmetrical impact block; 1302, Triaxial impact block; 1303, Uniaxial eccentric block;

[0076] 14. Injection connector; 1401. Connector mandrel; 1402. Limit nut; 1403. Sealing ring; 1404. Injection ring;

[0077] 1405. Bearing; 16. Liquid injection line; 17. Flow meter; 18. Flow control valve; 19. Water pump; 20. Water tank;

[0078] 21. Control harness; 23. Seawater;

[0079] 24. Wellhead module; 2401. Simulated wellhead; 2402. Screw; 2403. Cover ring; 2404. Locking block;

[0080] 2405. Actuating post; 2406. Locking spring; 2407. Locking lever;

[0081] 25. Liquid pipeline; 26. Control system; 27. Pressure control system. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0083] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "top", "bottom", "above", "below", "lower end", "one end", "the other end", "one", "two", "three", and "four" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0084] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up" and "equipped with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0085] This invention provides an experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of ultra-deepwater surface conduits. The invention includes a box structure, a mounting frame system, a drive frame system, a tool changing system, a drill string simulation system, a fluid injection system, and a data acquisition system. The box structure is located at the bottom of the mounting frame system, and the drive frame system is located at the top of the mounting frame system. One end of the drill string simulation system is located inside the box structure, and the other end of the drill string simulation system is connected to the fluid injection system. The fluid injection system is connected to the drive frame system. The tool changing system is mounted on the box structure, enabling the replacement of drill bits or impact cutters for the drill string simulation system. The data acquisition system is connected to the box structure and the fluid injection system.

[0086] This invention allows for the adjustment of the lifting and rotation speed of the inner rod and outer cylinder, as well as the tool changing process of the tool changing system. It is convenient to operate and can effectively improve experimental efficiency, reduce the impact of soil disturbance caused by the jetting of the guide pipe on the bearing capacity of the guide pipe and the soil strength, and improve the accuracy of experimental results. Simultaneously, the tool-changeable design can accommodate two-stage drilling operations, effectively simulating the mechanical behavior of surface guide pipes in shallow deep water layers. This allows for the simulation of the vibration of surface guide pipes and their impact on soil strength under different drilling conditions, reducing economic costs and improving the accuracy and reliability of the experiments.

[0087] The following is a detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of an experimental apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention for simulating the jetting and descent of an ultra-deepwater surface duct and the vibration of the surface duct.

[0088] Reference Figures 1 to 3As shown, an experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and vibration of a surface conduit in ultra-deep water includes a box structure, a mounting frame system 1, a drive frame system, a tool changing system 22, a drill string simulation system 4, a liquid injection system, and a data acquisition system. The box structure is located at the bottom of the mounting frame system 1, and the drive frame system is located at the top of the mounting frame system 1. One end of the drill string simulation system 4 is located inside the box structure, and the other end of the drill string simulation system 4 is connected to the liquid injection system. The liquid injection system is connected to the drive frame system. The tool changing system 22 is provided on the box structure, which can replace the drill bit or impact cutter 13 for the drill string simulation system 4. The data acquisition system is connected to the box structure and the liquid injection system.

[0089] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the installation system 1 includes a support frame 101, a lead screw 102, a movable base plate 103, a transmission screw 104, and a guide rail 105. The bottom of the support frame 101 is provided with a guide rail 105, and the transmission screw 104 is provided on the guide rail 105. The movable base plate 103 is slidably connected to the guide rail 105, and the bottom of the movable base plate 103 is threadedly connected to the transmission screw 104. The movable base plate 103 is provided with the box structure. The upper part of the support frame 101 is provided with a lead screw 102, and the drive frame system is provided on the lead screw 102. The drive frame system can move on the lead screw 102.

[0090] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the drive frame system includes an inner rod drive frame 2, an outer rod drive frame 3, an inner rod drive motor 203, an inner rod moving structure, and an outer rod moving structure. The two ends of the inner rod drive frame 2 and the two ends of the outer rod drive frame 3 are respectively located on the upper part of the lead screw 102 through the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure. The inner rod drive frame 2 is located above the outer rod drive frame 3. The inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure can respectively drive the inner rod drive frame 2 and the outer rod drive frame 3 to move on the lead screw 102. The inner rod drive frame 2 is equipped with an inner rod drive motor 203. The drill string simulation system 4 is fixed on the outer rod drive frame 3 and connected to the inner rod drive motor 203 through the injection system.

[0091] Continue to refer to Figure 5 As shown, both the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure include a drive motor, a cross plate, a thrust bearing, a nut gear, and a drive gear. The inner rod drive frame 2 and the outer rod drive frame 3 are respectively mounted on the lead screw 102 through the thrust bearing. The drive motor is respectively located at both ends of the inner rod drive frame 2 and the outer rod drive frame 3. The drive motor is connected to the drive gear, and the drive gear is connected to the nut gear. The nut gear is located at the inner ring of the thrust bearing.

[0092] The inner rod moving structure specifically includes a drive motor 201, a drive motor 204, a cross plate 202, a thrust bearing 205, and a nut gear 206. The inner rod drive frame 2 meshes with the lead screw 102 through the nut gear 206. The drive gear 207 is connected to the rotating shaft of the drive motor 201. The drive gear 207 meshes with the nut gear 206. The rotation of the shaft of the drive motor 201 drives the nut gear 206 to rotate, thereby driving one end of the cross plate 202 connected to the drive motor 201 to move in the vertical direction. Similarly, the connection method of the drive motor 204 at the other end of the cross plate 202 is the same as described above.

[0093] The outer rod moving structure specifically includes a third drive motor 301, a second cross plate 302, a fourth drive motor 304, a second thrust bearing 305, a second nut gear 306, and a second drive gear 307. Similarly, the outer rod moving structure is the same as the inner rod moving structure.

[0094] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the drill string simulation system 4 includes an inner rod 401, an outer cylinder 405, a through cover 402, an inner rod 401 piston seal, and a mounting block 404. The bottom of the inner rod 401 is threaded with a drill bit or impact cutter 13, and the top of the inner rod 401 is threadedly connected to the injection system. An inner rod piston seal 406 is provided on the inner rod 401, and an oil injection channel 403 is formed between the inner rod 401 and the outer cylinder 405. Hydraulic oil is injected into the oil injection channel 403, so that the two end faces of the inner rod piston seal 406 are subjected to hydraulic pressure to realize the up and down movement of the inner rod 401. One end of the outer cylinder 405 is fixed to the outer rod drive frame 3 by the mounting block 404, and a through cover 402 is provided on one end of the outer cylinder 405, and the through cover 402 is sealed with the inner rod 401. The other end of the outer cylinder 405 is sealed with the inner rod 401, and the outer cylinder 405 extends out from the tool changing system 22.

[0095] The inner rod 401 is provided with an upper inner rod seal 409, and the outer cylinder 405 is provided with a lower outer cylinder seal 407.

[0096] The drill bit or impact cutter 13 includes a jet drill bit and an impact block. The jet drill bit and impact block have identical threaded holes on their upper parts for threaded connection with the lower end of the inner rod 401. The jet drill bit has jet holes to simulate the jetting process. The impact block comes in three types according to its eccentric position. Specifically... Figure 12-1b , 12-2b As shown in Figure 12-3b, the impact blocks are of three types according to their eccentric positions: symmetrical impact block 1301, three-way impact block 1302, and unidirectional eccentric block 1303. The usage states of the symmetrical impact block 1301, three-way impact block 1302, and unidirectional eccentric block 1303 with the inner rod 401 are as follows: Figure 12-1a ,12-2a As shown in 12-3a.

[0097] Reference Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, the tool changing system 22 includes a sealed connection structure, a spindle 2211, a telescopic mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a tool magazine 2218. The sealed connection structure is fixed to the housing structure. An outer cylinder 405 protrudes from the sealed connection structure. The telescopic mechanism and the rotating mechanism are provided on the sealed connection structure. The spindle 2211 has the side of the outer cylinder 405. The top of the spindle 2211 has the telescopic mechanism, and the bottom of the spindle 2211 has the tool magazine 2218. The telescopic mechanism can drive the tool magazine 2218 to move up and down, and the rotating mechanism can drive the tool magazine 2218 to rotate. A magnet 2219 is also provided at the bottom of the tool magazine 2218.

[0098] Continue to refer to Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, the sealing connection structure includes a sealing cover 2210 and a snap cover 2209. The top of the sealing cover 2210 is provided with the snap cover 2209, and an inner cavity is formed between the sealing cover 2210 and the snap cover 2209. The sealing cover 2210 and the snap cover 2209 are respectively provided with a first boss hole and a second boss hole. The outer cylinder 405 passes through the first boss hole. The snap cover 2209 is provided with the telescopic mechanism. The main shaft 2211 passes through the second boss hole and is connected to the telescopic mechanism. The inner cavity is provided with the rotating mechanism.

[0099] Continue to refer to Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder 2201 and a buffer spring 2205. The large end of the main shaft 2211 has a flange for mounting the buffer spring 2205. The large end face of the main shaft 2211 has a threaded hole for connecting with the telescopic cylinder 2201. The middle step of the main shaft 2211 is provided with a keyway for mounting the passive turntable 2215. The small end step of the main shaft 2211 is provided with a tool magazine disc 2218 thread, which is used to mount the tool magazine disc 2218.

[0100] The telescopic mechanism also includes a cup-shaped mounting cylinder 2203. The cup mouth is connected to the upper end face of the cover 2209 by a screw 2206. The bottom end face of the cup has a hole for the telescopic shaft of the telescopic cylinder 2201 to pass through and a threaded hole for mounting the telescopic cylinder 2201.

[0101] Continue to refer to Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figure 10cAs shown, the rotating mechanism includes a synchronous limiting ring 2207, a passive turntable 2215, a main actuating disc 2216, a coupling 2213, a rotating shaft 2214, and a motor 2212. The synchronous limiting ring 2207 has a guide block for limiting the rotation of the passive turntable 2215. The synchronous limiting ring 2207 is connected to the lower surface of the cover 2209. The motor 2212 is mounted on the cover 2209. The motor shaft of the motor 2212 is connected to the rotating shaft 2214 through the coupling 2213. The lower end of the rotating shaft 2214 is threadedly connected to the main actuating disc 2216. The main actuating disc 2216 and the passive turntable 2215 cooperate to achieve rotation.

[0102] Continue to refer to Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, the passive turntable 2215 has a groove on its circumference, and the main actuating disc 2216 has a toggle post on its circumference. When the main actuating disc 2216 rotates, the toggle post can enter the groove one by one and drive the passive turntable 2215 to rotate.

[0103] When a tool change is required, the outer cylinder 405 and inner rod 401 return to their initial positions. The shaft of the telescopic lever 2201 extends, pressing down the main shaft 2211. The main shaft 2211 drives the driven rotary table 2215 to move down until it is at the same level as the active dial 2216. At this time, the slot of the driven rotary table 2215 disengages from the guide block on the synchronous limit ring 2207. As the shaft of the motor 2212 rotates, the actuating pin on the active dial 2216 enters the slot of the driven rotary table 2215 and rotates it 45 degrees, aligning the tool magazine of the tool magazine 2218 with the inner rod 401. 1. The tapered thread at the lower end is then rotated and lowered, and the threaded section is screwed into the threaded hole of the drill bit or impact cutter 13, so that the drill bit / impact cutter 13 is installed at the lower end of the inner rod 401. Then the inner rod 401 is lifted, which drives the drill bit / impact cutter 13 to disengage from the tool magazine. At this time, through the rotation of the passive turntable 2215, the spindle 2211 rotates another 45° to the empty position of the tool magazine plate 2218. Then the spindle 2211 moves upward, and the groove of the passive turntable 2215 is once again fitted into the guide block on the synchronous limit ring 2207, thereby locking the position and completing the tool change.

[0104] Reference Figure 11a , Figure 11b and Figure 11cAs shown, the box structure includes a box body 9, a simulated wellhead 2401, a cover ring 2403, a locking block 2404, a locking block spring 2406, and a locking rod 2407. A tool changing system 22 is provided on the top of the box body 9. The simulated wellhead 2401 is located inside the box body 9. The simulated wellhead 2401 has threads at the stepped section of its tubular portion for connection to the surface conduit 12. The surface conduit 12 is a simulated tube scaled down from the actual surface conduit 12 specifications. Its upper part is connected to the simulated wellhead 2401 via threads. A stepped hole is provided at the upper part of the simulated wellhead 2401. These stepped holes are used to install the locking block 2404 and the cover ring 2403, respectively. The cover ring 2403 is fixed to the simulated wellhead 2401 by screws 2402. The simulated wellhead 2401... A rectangular hole is also provided on the stepped ring surface. The rectangular hole is used to install the locking rod 2407. The lower plate surface of the simulated wellhead 2401 is provided with a locking spring 2406. The locking spring 2406 is connected to the locking rod 2407. The lower part of the locking block is provided with a tooth. The tooth can lock the locking head end face of the locking rod 2407 to realize the position locking of the locking block. The cover ring 2403 has a rectangular hole for the actuating post of the locking block to pass through. The end of the locking block is provided with a locking block connector. The two locking blocks 2404 are engaged through the locking block connector. When the actuating post 2405 of the locking block 2404 is actuated, the two locking blocks 2404 engage to achieve a joint action, so that the locking blocks 2404 close to clamp the lower outer surface of the outer cylinder 405 or the locking blocks 2404 do not close to release the outer cylinder 405.

[0105] In use, the simulated wellhead 2401 has threads at the stepped section of the tubular part for connection with the surface guide tube. The upper wellhead position has two stepped holes for installing the locking block 2404 and the cover ring 2403, respectively. The stepped ring surface for installing the locking block 2404 has a rectangular hole for installing the locking rod 2407. The lower plate has a circular boss for installing the locking block spring 2406. The cover ring 2403 has a rectangular hole for the passage of the actuating post on the locking block 2404 and is connected to the simulated wellhead 2401 by screws 2402. The locking block assembly 2404 consists of two locking blocks: the locking block spring 2406 and the locking block engagement joint 2406. When the locking block assembly 2404 is in the open state, it is in its original position. When the actuating column 2405 is in its original position, and the actuating column on the locking block is moved inward, the two locking blocks work together due to their meshing structure and close simultaneously to clamp the lower outer surface of the outer cylinder 405. At this time, the protruding teeth under the locking block clamp the end face of the locking rod 2407, thus locking the wellhead module 24 and the outer cylinder 405. When the simulated wellhead 2401 is lowered until the handle of the locking rod 2407 touches the upper part of the soil action simulation tool 8, the handle of the locking rod is pressed upward and moves upward. At the same time, the locking rod clamp moves downward, causing the protruding teeth of the locking block to disengage from the constraint of the locking rod clamp. The locking block returns to its original position under the pulling force of the actuating column 2405. At this time, the wellhead module 24 and the outer cylinder 405 are unlocked, and the outer cylinder 405 can continue to be lowered.

[0106] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 9a and Figure 9b As shown, the injection system includes an injection connector 14, an injection pipeline 16, a flow meter 17, a flow control valve 18, and a water supply device. The injection connector 14 is connected to the drill string simulation system 4, and the injection connector 14 is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline 16. The injection pipeline 16 is equipped with a flow meter 17 and a flow control valve 18 in sequence.

[0107] Continue to refer to Figure 9a and Figure 9b As shown, the injection connector 14 includes a connector spindle 1401, a limiting nut 1402, a sealing ring 1403, an injection ring 1404, and a bearing 1405. The top of the connector spindle 1401 is connected to the inner rod drive motor 203. The inner cavity of the connector spindle 1401 is connected to the injection ring 1404. The lower end face of the injection ring 1404 is connected to the convex ring of the connector spindle 1401 through the bearing 1405, so that the injection ring 1404 can rotate freely around the outer wall of the connector spindle 1401. A sealing ring 1403 is provided between the connector spindle 1401 and the injection ring 1404 to ensure the sealing between the connector spindle 1401 and the injection ring 1404. The injection ring 1404 is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline 16. The lower interface of the connector spindle 1401 is connected to the inner rod 401 by threads.

[0108] The injection line 16 includes a hose connected to the injection connector 14. In the section of the hose connected to the injection connector 14, the end of the injection line 14 near the injection connector is connected to the interface of the injection ring 1404.

[0109] The water supply device includes a water pump 19 and a water tank 20. The water tank 20 is connected to the water pump 19, and the water pump 19 is connected to the injection pipeline 16. A flow meter 17 and a flow control valve 18 are installed sequentially on the injection pipeline 16 to control the flow rate of the injected liquid.

[0110] The control harness 21 includes control lines for each motor and hydraulic cylinder. The control harness 21 connects to the input and output terminals of each drive motor and hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to the input and output terminals of the control system 26.

[0111] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the acquisition system includes a control system 26, a pressure control system 27, and a data acquisition system 6. The control system 26 is connected to the tool changing system 22. One end of the pressure control system 27 is connected to the housing 9 structure through a liquid pipeline 25. The other end of the pressure control system 27 is connected to the liquid injection interface 904 on the housing 9 through a water pipe, and the other end is connected to the water tank 20 through a water pipe. The data acquisition system 6 is connected to the drill string simulation system 4 through a wire 7.

[0112] like Figure 7As shown, the soil action simulation tool 8 is placed on the sand 10. The surrounding parts of the soil action simulation tool 8 contact the inner wall of the box 9 through the ball bearings on the soil action simulation tool 8, which reduces the friction when the soil action simulation tool 8 is taken out of the box 9, and at the same time ensures that the soil action simulation tool 8 is always horizontal and freely presses down on the sand 10. The bottom surface of the box 9 contacts the mounting groove of the movable base plate 103 of the mounting frame 1, and the mounting groove restricts the movement of the box 9 on the movable base plate 103.

[0113] The chamber 9 is partially filled with sand 10 and seawater 23 is injected into the chamber 9 through the pressure balancing system 27 to reach the pressure required for the experiment. The sealing cover 2210 fits with the upper inner wall of the chamber 9, is sealed by the sealing ring 2220, and is fixed by bolts to ensure good sealing and withstand internal water pressure.

[0114] like Figure 8a , Figure 8b and Figure 8c As shown, the housing 9 includes a tank 901, a lid seal 902, a wiring harness interface 903, and a liquid injection interface 904. The tank 901 has a square cross-section with rounded corners. The tank 901 mates with the sealing cover 2210. The upper opening of the tank 901 has a through hole for connecting to the sealing cover 2210 via bolts. The lid seal 902 ensures a good seal between the tank 901 and the sealing cover 2210. The liquid injection interface 904 is located on the middle plane of the rear side of the tank 901 and is used to connect to seawater. The wiring harness interface 905 is installed on the upper plane of the left side of the tank 901 and is used to connect the electrical signals of the wiring harness inside the tank 901 to the outside of the tank 901 and connect to the interface of the data processing system 6.

[0115] Among them, sand 10 is simulated seabed soil prepared according to the experimental requirements. It is filled into the tank 901 before the experiment, and the filling amount is lower than the position of the liquid injection interface 904.

[0116] The wire harness spool 5 is installed on the lower end face of the sealing cover 2110. The wire harness of the data acquisition system 6 is connected to the wire harness interface 905 on the housing 9. The electrical signals transmitted by the sensor group 11 are collected and processed through the wire 7. The soil action simulation tool 8 is placed on the sand 10. The ball bearings of the ball bearing box 817 make point-to-point contact with the inner wall of the housing 9, reducing the friction when the soil action simulation tool 8 is taken out of the housing 9. At the same time, it ensures that the soil action simulation tool 8 is horizontal and freely presses down on the sand 10. The bottom surface of the housing 9 contacts the mounting groove of the movable base plate 103 of the mounting frame 1, and the mounting groove restricts the movement of the housing 9 on the movable base plate 103. The upper sealing port of the housing 9 cooperates with the sealing cover 2110 and is sealed by the sealing ring on the sealing cover 2110. The housing 9 and the sealing cover 2110 are connected by bolts through the bolt holes on the housing 9 and the housing 9 is able to withstand a certain degree of pressure.

[0117] The sensor group 11 includes a variety of sensors and is attached to the outer surface of the surface conduit 12, partially buried in the sand 10. The upper part of the surface conduit 12 is connected to the lower part of the simulated wellhead 2401 in the wellhead module 24 by a thread.

[0118] The sensor group 11 includes strain gauges, acceleration sensors, and displacement sensors attached to the outer surface of the surface conduit 12, as well as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, strain gauges, and displacement sensors buried in the sand.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating the jet descent and vibration of a surface guide tube in ultra-deep water, characterized in that, The system includes a housing structure, a mounting frame system, a drive frame system, a tool changing system, a drill string simulation system, a fluid injection system, and a data acquisition system. The housing structure is located at the bottom of the mounting frame system, and the drive frame system is located at the top of the mounting frame system. One end of the drill string simulation system is located inside the housing structure, and the other end of the drill string simulation system is connected to the fluid injection system. The fluid injection system is connected to the drive frame system. The tool changing system is provided on the housing structure, and the tool changing system can replace the drill bit or impact cutter for the drill string simulation system. The data acquisition system is connected to the housing structure and the fluid injection system. The mounting frame system includes a support frame, a lead screw, a movable base plate, a transmission screw, and a guide rail. The bottom of the support frame is provided with a guide rail, and the transmission screw is provided on the guide rail. The movable base plate is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the bottom of the movable base plate is threadedly connected to the transmission screw. The movable base plate is provided with a box structure. The upper part of the support frame is provided with the lead screw, and the drive frame system is provided on the lead screw. The drive frame system is capable of moving on the lead screw. The drive frame system includes an inner rod drive frame, an outer rod drive frame, an inner rod drive motor, an inner rod moving structure, and an outer rod moving structure. The two ends of the inner rod drive frame and the two ends of the outer rod drive frame are respectively located on the upper part of the lead screw via the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure. The inner rod drive frame is located above the outer rod drive frame. The inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure can respectively drive the inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame to move on the lead screw. The inner rod drive motor is mounted on the inner rod drive frame. The drill string simulation system is fixed on the outer rod drive frame and connected to the inner rod drive motor via the injection system. The drill string simulation system includes an inner rod, an outer cylinder, a through cover, an inner rod piston seal, and a mounting block. The bottom of the inner rod is equipped with a drill bit or impact cutter, and the top of the inner rod is connected to the fluid injection system. The inner rod has an inner rod piston seal, and an oil injection channel is formed between the inner rod and the outer cylinder. Hydraulic oil is injected into the oil injection channel, causing the two end faces of the inner rod piston to be subjected to hydraulic pressure, thereby enabling the inner rod to move up and down. One end of the outer cylinder is fixed to the outer rod drive frame via the mounting block, and the through cover is provided at one end of the outer cylinder, sealing the through cover with the inner rod. The other end of the outer cylinder is sealed to the inner rod, and the outer cylinder extends out from the tool changing system. The tool changing system includes a sealed connection structure, a spindle, a telescopic mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a tool magazine. The sealed connection structure is fixed to the housing structure. The outer cylinder extends through the sealed connection structure. The telescopic mechanism and the rotating mechanism are provided on the sealed connection structure. The spindle has the side of the outer cylinder. The top of the spindle has the telescopic mechanism, and the bottom of the spindle has the tool magazine. The telescopic mechanism can drive the tool magazine to move up and down, and the rotating mechanism can drive the tool magazine to rotate. The housing structure includes a housing, a simulated wellhead, a cover ring, locking blocks, locking block springs, and a locking rod. The tool changing system is located on the top of the housing. The simulated wellhead is located inside the housing. The simulated wellhead has threads at the stepped section of its tubular portion for connection with the surface guide tube. A stepped hole is located at the upper part of the simulated wellhead, which is used to install the locking block assembly and the cover ring. A rectangular hole is also provided on the stepped ring surface of the simulated wellhead for installing the locking rod. The locking block spring is located on the lower plate surface of the simulated wellhead. The spring is connected to the locking rod. The lower part of the locking block has a tooth that can lock the locking rod's locking head end face, thereby locking the position of the locking block. The cover ring has a rectangular hole for the passage of the locking block's actuating pin. The end of the locking block has a locking block connector. The two locking blocks engage through the locking block connector. When the actuating pin of the locking block is moved, the two locking blocks engage and work together, either closing the locking block to clamp the lower outer surface of the outer cylinder or opening the locking block to release the outer cylinder.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the inner rod moving structure and the outer rod moving structure include a drive motor, a cross plate, a thrust bearing, a nut gear, and a drive gear. The inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame are respectively mounted on the lead screw via the thrust bearing. The drive motor is respectively located at both ends of the inner rod drive frame and the outer rod drive frame. The drive motor is connected to the drive gear, and the drive gear is connected to the nut gear. The nut gear is located at the inner ring of the thrust bearing.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing connection structure includes a sealing cover and a snap cover. The top of the sealing cover is provided with the snap cover, and an inner cavity is formed between the sealing cover and the snap cover. The sealing cover and the snap cover are respectively provided with a first boss hole and a second boss hole. The outer cylinder passes through the first boss hole. The snap cover is provided with the telescopic mechanism. The main shaft passes through the second boss hole and is connected to the telescopic mechanism. The inner cavity is provided with the rotation mechanism.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder and a buffer spring. The large end of the spindle has a flange for mounting the buffer spring. The large end face of the spindle has a threaded hole for connecting with the telescopic cylinder. The middle step of the spindle is provided with a keyway for mounting the passive turntable. The small end step of the spindle is provided with a tool magazine thread for mounting the tool magazine disc.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a synchronous limiting ring, a passive turntable, a main actuating disc, a coupling, a rotating shaft, and a motor. The synchronous limiting ring has a guide block for limiting the rotation of the passive turntable. The synchronous limiting ring is connected to the lower surface of the cover. The motor is mounted on the cover. The motor shaft is connected to the rotating shaft through the coupling. The lower end of the rotating shaft is threadedly connected to the main actuating disc. The main actuating disc and the passive turntable cooperate to achieve rotation.

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The passive turntable has a groove on its circumference, and the main actuating disc has a deflecting post on its circumference. When the main actuating disc rotates, the deflecting post can enter the groove one by one, thereby driving the passive turntable to rotate.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The injection system includes an injection connector, an injection pipeline, a flow meter, a flow control valve, and a water supply device. The injection connector is connected to the drill string simulation system, and the injection connector is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline. The flow meter and the flow control valve are sequentially installed on the injection pipeline.

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The injection connector includes a connector mandrel, a limiting nut, a sealing ring, an injection ring, and a bearing. The top of the connector mandrel is connected to the inner rod drive motor, and the inner cavity of the connector mandrel is connected to the injection ring. The lower end face of the injection ring is connected to the convex ring of the connector mandrel through the bearing, so that the injection ring can rotate freely around the outer wall of the connector mandrel. The sealing ring is provided between the connector mandrel and the injection ring to ensure the sealing between the connector mandrel and the injection ring. The injection ring is connected to the water supply device through the injection pipeline, and the lower interface of the connector mandrel is connected to the inner rod.

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating the jetting and descent of ultra-deepwater surface guide pipes and the vibration of surface guide pipes according to claim 8, characterized in that, The acquisition system includes a control system, a pressure control system, and a data acquisition system. The control system is connected to the tool changing system. One end of the pressure control system is connected to the housing structure via a liquid pipeline, and the other end of the pressure control system is connected to the injection system. The data acquisition system is connected to the drill string simulation system via wires.

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