A mine exploitation backfill area reserved air shaft and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a reserved air shaft of a backfill area of a mine exploitation, which comprises bottom layer cylindrical sleeves, middle layer cylindrical sleeves and top layer cylindrical sleeves arranged in sequence in the backfill area, a third annular one-way filtration membrane of the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve is released in an extended state to cover the gap between the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area; a second annular one-way filtration membrane of the middle layer cylindrical sleeve is released in an extended state to cover the gap between the middle layer cylindrical sleeve and the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve and the gap between the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area; and a first annular one-way filtration membrane of the top layer cylindrical sleeve is released in an extended state to cover the gap between the top layer cylindrical sleeve and the middle layer cylindrical sleeve, the gap between the middle layer cylindrical sleeve and the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve and the gap between the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area. The application effectively prevents the slurry from leaking into the reserved air shaft when the backfill slurry of the backfill area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of backfill mining technology, and in particular to a reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Backfilled return air shafts serve multiple functions, including ventilation, escape, and installation of backfilling pipes. Currently, the main problems with backfilled return air shafts are outdated construction techniques, low construction efficiency, and high safety risks. In addition, the reserved vertical shafts still face many technical challenges, such as complex processes, low efficiency, small cross-sectional areas, and high failure rates, which in turn affect the safe and efficient production of the mine.

[0003] With increasing mining depth and production scale, issues such as mine ground pressure and roadway stability become more complex, posing significant challenges to the design and construction of backfilled pipe shafts, ventilation shafts, and backfilled return air ducts. To address these technical challenges, this study focuses on designing and selecting efficient backfilled return air shaft design schemes, developing installation technology for reserved shafts to simplify the design process for backfilled return air shafts, analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution of external forces on reserved shafts, and optimizing shaft structures to enhance the quality and reliability of backfilled return air shaft formation in the mining area. This aims to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and enhance the reliability and safety of the mining area's backfilled ventilation system.

[0004] When there is backfill slurry in the reserved ventilation shaft of the existing backfill area, the slurry is prone to seep into the reserved ventilation shaft, causing blockage of the reserved ventilation shaft and affecting the efficiency of mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in the backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method, in order to solve the technical problem that the slurry easily leaks into the reserved ventilation shaft during the backfilling process, causing blockage of the reserved ventilation shaft.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0007] One object of the present invention is to provide a reserved ventilation shaft in a mining backfill area, the reserved ventilation shaft comprising a bottom cylindrical sleeve, a middle cylindrical sleeve and a top cylindrical sleeve;

[0008] The bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked sequentially in the backfill area;

[0009] The top cylindrical sleeve has a first annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part; the middle cylindrical sleeve has a second annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part; and the bottom cylindrical sleeve has a third annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part.

[0010] After the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from the compressed state to the extended state, spread flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extends to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area.

[0011] Simultaneously, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surfaces of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, as well as the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground.

[0012] Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve and the middle cylindrical sleeve, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane;

[0014] The radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are cylindrical sleeves of equal diameter with radius R.

[0016] The radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve is further provided with a compressed annular small-diameter steel wire mesh;

[0018] After the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the annular small-diameter steel wire mesh is released from the compressed state to the extended state, and is laid flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, extending to the ground of the backfill area.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the radius D4 of the annular small-aperture wire mesh is greater than the radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, a first iron connecting device is provided at the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve, and the first iron connecting device is provided with a first hydration expansion type connecting screw;

[0021] The upper part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve is provided with a second iron connecting device, and the second iron connecting device has a first elliptical connecting hole.

[0022] The lower part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve is provided with a third iron connecting device, and the third iron connecting device is provided with a second hydration expansion type connecting screw;

[0023] The upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve is provided with a fourth iron connecting device, and the fourth iron connecting device has a second elliptical connecting hole.

[0024] When the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked sequentially in the backfill area...

[0025] The second hydration expansion type connecting screw at the lower part of the intermediate layer cylindrical sleeve is inserted into the second elliptical connecting hole at the upper part of the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve;

[0026] The first hydration-expansion connecting screw at the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve is inserted into the first elliptical connecting hole at the upper part of the middle cylindrical sleeve.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, a fifth iron connecting device is further provided on the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve, and the fifth iron connecting device has a third elliptical connecting hole.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, fasteners are provided at the bottom of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane;

[0029] When the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane are released from the compressed state to the extended state, they are fixed to the ground of the backfill area by the fasteners.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the annular small-aperture wire mesh includes circular wire loops arranged equidistantly along the axial direction; a longitudinal button-type hinged connecting wire is provided between two adjacent circular wire loops.

[0031] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a reserved ventilation shaft in a mining backfill area, the construction method comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Stack the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve in sequence in the backfill area to form the reserved ventilation shaft frame;

[0033] S2. Release the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane from the compressed state to the extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extend it to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area.

[0034] Simultaneously, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, laid flat on the outer surfaces of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extends to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, as well as the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground.

[0035] Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, and laid flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve and the middle cylindrical sleeve, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground;

[0036] S3. Release the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh from the compressed state to the extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and extend it to the ground of the backfill area.

[0037] S4. Fill the backfill area with grout and complete the construction of the reserved ventilation shaft.

[0038] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method. A first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, a second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and a third annular unidirectional permeation membrane are used to seal the gaps between the top and middle cylindrical sleeves, the gap between the middle and bottom cylindrical sleeves, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area. Furthermore, three layers of unidirectional permeation membranes are formed at the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area, two layers of unidirectional permeation membranes are formed at the gap between the middle and bottom cylindrical sleeves, and one layer of unidirectional permeation membrane is formed at the gap between the top and middle cylindrical sleeves. This effectively prevents slurry from leaking into the reserved ventilation shaft during backfilling.

[0040] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method. The first, second, and third annular unidirectional permeation membranes are protected by annular small-diameter steel wire mesh to prevent large particles of slurry from damaging the first, second, and third annular unidirectional permeation membranes.

[0041] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate on site. It can effectively reduce the risk of slurry clogging the reserved ventilation shaft during the backfill mining process and improve production efficiency.

[0042] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in the backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method, which can reduce the amount of manpower required for traditional reserved ventilation shafts, improve the efficiency and safety of the reserved ventilation shaft process, and increase the economic benefits of mine production. It also has a wide range of applications, suitable for reserved ventilation shafts in various mines, especially in deep mining and other fields. In addition, this invention is characterized by intelligence and flexibility, and can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of each mine, which has strong theoretical and practical value.

[0043] This invention provides a reserved ventilation shaft in the backfill area of ​​a mine and its construction method, which plays an important role in economic development and mine production safety. It provides a technical basis for promoting the recovery of deep metal resources, reducing resource consumption, simplifying the reserved process of filling the return ventilation shaft, and increasing production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a top view of the top cylindrical sleeve of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the top cylindrical sleeve of the present invention. Figure 1 (Cross-sectional view of AA).

[0047] Figure 3 This is a top view of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve of the present invention. Figure 3 (Cross-section view of BB).

[0049] Figure 5 This is a top view of the bottom cylindrical sleeve of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cylindrical sleeve of the present invention. Figure 5 (Central CC section view).

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolding of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded annular small-aperture steel wire mesh of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the middle cylindrical sleeve of the present invention stacked in the backfill area.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve of the present invention stacked sequentially in the backfill area.

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh of the present invention being released from a compressed state to an extended state. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “including,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or “connected,” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", and "back" used in this invention are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0059] Combination Figures 1 to 11 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reserved ventilation shaft in a mining backfill area is provided, comprising a bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, a middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and a top cylindrical sleeve 1.

[0060] like Figure 11 As shown, the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are stacked sequentially in the backfill area. The bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are cylindrical sleeves of equal diameter with radius R.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 in a compressed state is provided on the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1. A compressed annular small-diameter steel wire mesh 106 is also provided on the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1. A first iron connecting device 104 is provided on the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve 3, and a first hydration expansion connecting screw 105 is provided on the first iron connecting device 104.

[0062] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 in a compressed state is provided on the upper part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2. A second iron connecting device 201 is provided on the upper part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2, and the second iron connecting device 201 has a first elliptical connecting hole 202.

[0063] A third iron connecting device 204 is provided at the lower part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2, and a second hydration expansion connecting screw 205 is provided on the third iron connecting device 204.

[0064] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 in a compressed state is provided on the upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3. A fourth iron connecting device 301 is provided on the upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and the fourth iron connecting device 301 has a second elliptical connecting hole 302.

[0065] like Figure 10 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are stacked sequentially in the backfill area.

[0066] Specifically, when the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 is placed on the ground of the backfill area.

[0067] The second hydration-expansion connecting screw 205 at the lower part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 is inserted into the second elliptical connecting hole 302 at the upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3. Water is sprayed onto the second hydration-expansion connecting screw 205, causing it to expand to a size larger than the second elliptical connecting hole 302, thus securing the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 together. Figure 9 As shown.

[0068] The first hydration-expansion connecting screw 105 at the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1 is inserted into the first elliptical connecting hole 202 at the upper part of the middle cylindrical sleeve 2. Water is sprayed onto the first hydration-expansion connecting screw 105, causing it to expand to a size larger than the first elliptical connecting hole 202, thus securing the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 together. Figure 10 As shown.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a fifth iron connecting device 101 is also provided on the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1. The fifth iron connecting device 101 has a third elliptical connecting hole 102 so that more layers of cylindrical sleeves can be stacked above the top cylindrical sleeve 1.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the first iron connecting device 104 and the fifth iron connecting device 101 extend radially outward by 3 cm along the top cylindrical sleeve 1. The second iron connecting device 201 and the third iron connecting device 204 extend radially outward by 3 cm along the middle cylindrical sleeve 2. The fourth iron connecting device 301 extends radially outward by 3 cm along the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the innermost layer of the first hydration-expansion connecting screw 105 and the second hydration-expansion connecting screw 205 is made of iron material, and the outer layer is made of materials such as sponge powder, water-absorbing resin powder, and cement. It can expand when exposed to water. After the cylindrical iron sleeves of each layer are connected end to end with the hydration-expansion connecting screws through the elliptical connecting holes, water is sprayed onto the hydration-expansion connecting screws to make them expand, so that the cylindrical iron sleeves of each layer of equal diameter form a whole.

[0072] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is greater than the radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203. The radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 is greater than the radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303.

[0073] The bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are cylindrical sleeves of equal diameter with radius R. The radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 is greater than the radius R of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1.

[0074] like Figure 11As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, after the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 is released from the compressed state to the extended state, spread flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and extends to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the ground of the backfill area.

[0075] At the same time, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 is released from the compressed state to the extended state, and is laid flat on the outer surface of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and extends to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, as well as the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the ground of the backfill area.

[0076] Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve 1, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and extending to cover the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the backfill area ground.

[0077] The first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 of this invention have the same structure, differing only in their radius dimensions. When the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 are in a compressed state, they are compressed by a button latch (not shown in the figure).

[0078] When it is necessary for the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 to be released from the compressed state to the extended state, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 are released from the compressed state to the extended state by pressing the button latch.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 along its axis is 1.5 times the total length of the top cylindrical sleeve 1, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 along their axes. The length of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 along its axis is 1.5 times the total length of the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 along their axes. The length of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 along its axis is 1.5 times the total length of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 along its axis.

[0080] The first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 of this invention can only allow water to pass through. When backfilling slurry into the backfill area, the pressure gradually decreases upwards from the backfill area, with the highest pressure at the bottom layer, followed by the middle layers, and the lowest pressure at the top layer.

[0081] In this invention, after the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 are released from a compressed state to an extended state, they wrap around the outer periphery of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, forming three layers of unidirectional permeation membranes in the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the backfill area ground. Two layers of unidirectional permeation membranes, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 and the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, are wrapped around the outer periphery of the middle cylindrical sleeve 2. Two unidirectional permeation membranes are formed in the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3. A first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the top cylindrical sleeve 1, forming a unidirectional permeation membrane in the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2. This effectively prevents the slurry from entering the reserved ventilation shaft and causing blockage when backfilling the backfill area through the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 3 and the ground of the backfill area, the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the intermediate cylindrical sleeve 2.

[0082] According to an embodiment of the present invention, fasteners are provided at the bottom of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303. When the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 are released from a compressed state to an extended state, they are fixed to the ground of the backfill area by the fasteners.

[0083] The first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303 of the present invention have the same structure, differing only in their radius dimensions. For example... Figure 7 As shown, taking the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 as an example, a fastener 1031 is provided at the bottom of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103. When the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is released from the compressed state to the extended state, it is fixed to the ground of the backfill area by the fastener 1031. The first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 covers the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the ground of the backfill area.

[0084] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a compressed annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 is also provided on the upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1. The radius D4 of the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 is greater than the radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103.

[0085] like Figure 8 As shown, the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 includes circular steel wire loops 1061 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction. A longitudinal button-type hinged steel wire 1062 is provided between adjacent circular steel wire loops 1061. The annular small-aperture steel wire 106 can extend and retract vertically.

[0086] like Figure 11 As shown, after the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 are stacked sequentially in the backfill area, the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 and extending to the ground of the backfill area. When backfilling the backfill area with slurry, the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 prevents large particles of slurry from damaging the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane 303.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing a reserved ventilation shaft in a mine backfill area is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0088] Step S1: Stack the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the top cylindrical sleeve 1 in sequence in the backfill area to form the reserved ventilation shaft frame.

[0089] Specifically, the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 is placed on the ground of the backfill area. The second hydration-expansion connecting screw 205 at the lower part of the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 is inserted into the second elliptical connecting hole 302 at the upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3. Water is sprayed onto the second hydration-expansion connecting screw 205, causing it to expand to a size larger than the second elliptical connecting hole 302, thus fastening the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 together. Figure 9 As shown.

[0090] The first hydration-expansion connecting screw 105 at the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve 1 is inserted into the first elliptical connecting hole 202 at the upper part of the middle cylindrical sleeve 2. Water is sprayed onto the first hydration-expansion connecting screw 105, causing it to expand to a size larger than the first elliptical connecting hole 202, thus securing the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 together. Figure 10 As shown.

[0091] Step S2: Release the third annular unidirectional percolation membrane 303 from its compressed state to its extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and extend it to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the backfill area ground. Secure the third annular unidirectional percolation membrane 303 with fasteners, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0092] Simultaneously, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 is released from a compressed state to an extended state, laid flat on the outer surfaces of the intermediate layer cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve 3, extending to cover the gap between the intermediate layer cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve 3, as well as the gap between the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve 3 and the backfill area ground. The second annular unidirectional permeation membrane 203 is then fixed with fasteners, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0093] Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is released from a compressed state to an extended state, laid flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve 1, the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, extending to cover the gaps between the top cylindrical sleeve 1 and the middle cylindrical sleeve 2, the gaps between the middle cylindrical sleeve 2 and the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve 3 and the backfill area ground. The first annular unidirectional permeation membrane 103 is then fixed with fasteners 1031. Figure 11 As shown.

[0094] Step S3: Release the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh 106 from the compressed state to the extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and extend it to the ground of the backfill area.

[0095] Step S4: Backfill the backfill area with grout to complete the construction of the reserved ventilation shaft.

[0096] The following points need to be explained:

[0097] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures can refer to the general design.

[0098] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present invention; that is, these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element, or there may be intermediate elements.

[0099] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0100] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine, characterized in that, The reserved ventilation shaft includes a bottom cylindrical sleeve, a middle cylindrical sleeve and a top cylindrical sleeve; The bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked sequentially in the backfill area; The top cylindrical sleeve has a first annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part; the middle cylindrical sleeve has a second annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part; and the bottom cylindrical sleeve has a third annular unidirectional permeation membrane in a compressed state on its upper part. After the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from the compressed state to the extended state, spread flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extends to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area. Simultaneously, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surfaces of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, as well as the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground. Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, spreading flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve and the middle cylindrical sleeve, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground.

2. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane; The radius R2 of the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane.

3. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are cylindrical sleeves of equal diameter with radius R. The radius R3 of the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane is greater than the radius R of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve.

4. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve is also provided with a compressed annular small-diameter steel wire mesh; After the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked in sequence in the backfill area, the annular small-diameter steel wire mesh is released from the compressed state to the extended state, and is laid flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, extending to the ground of the backfill area.

5. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radius D4 of the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh is greater than the radius R1 of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane.

6. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve is provided with a first iron connecting device, and the first iron connecting device is provided with a first hydration expansion type connecting screw; The upper part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve is provided with a second iron connecting device, and the second iron connecting device has a first elliptical connecting hole. The lower part of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve is provided with a third iron connecting device, and the third iron connecting device is provided with a second hydration expansion type connecting screw; The upper part of the bottom cylindrical sleeve is provided with a fourth iron connecting device, and the fourth iron connecting device has a second elliptical connecting hole. When the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the top cylindrical sleeve are stacked sequentially in the backfill area... The second hydration expansion type connecting screw at the lower part of the intermediate layer cylindrical sleeve is inserted into the second elliptical connecting hole at the upper part of the bottom layer cylindrical sleeve; The first hydration-expansion connecting screw at the lower part of the top cylindrical sleeve is inserted into the first elliptical connecting hole at the upper part of the middle cylindrical sleeve.

7. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the top cylindrical sleeve is also provided with a fifth iron connecting device, which has a third elliptical connecting hole.

8. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fasteners are provided at the bottom of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane; When the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane are released from the compressed state to the extended state, they are fixed to the ground of the backfill area by the fasteners.

9. The reserved ventilation shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular small-aperture wire mesh includes circular wire rings arranged equidistantly along the axial direction; a longitudinal button-type hinged connecting wire is provided between two adjacent circular wire rings.

10. A construction method for a reserved ventilation shaft in a backfill area of ​​a mine, characterized in that, The construction method includes the following steps: S1. Stack the bottom cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve and the top cylindrical sleeve in sequence in the backfill area to form the reserved ventilation shaft frame; S2. Release the third annular unidirectional permeation membrane from the compressed state to the extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extend it to the ground of the backfill area to cover the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the ground of the backfill area. Simultaneously, the second annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, laid flat on the outer surfaces of the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and extends to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the intermediate cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, as well as the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground. Simultaneously, the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane is released from a compressed state to an extended state, and laid flat on the outer surfaces of the top cylindrical sleeve, the middle cylindrical sleeve, and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, extending to the backfill area ground to cover the gap between the top cylindrical sleeve and the middle cylindrical sleeve, the gap between the middle cylindrical sleeve and the bottom cylindrical sleeve, and the gap between the bottom cylindrical sleeve and the backfill area ground; S3. Release the annular small-aperture steel wire mesh from the compressed state to the extended state, lay it flat on the outer surface of the first annular unidirectional permeation membrane, and extend it to the ground of the backfill area. S4. Fill the backfill area with grout and complete the construction of the reserved ventilation shaft.

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