A double-cam rail energy-capturing device, a rail energy-capturing collection method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of rail transit technology, and particularly relates to a double-cam rail energy-trapping device, a rail energy-trapping collection method and application thereof. The double-cam rail energy-trapping device provided by the present application is provided with two sets of transmission assemblies with cams and one-way bearings on the two sides of a main shaft, converts linear motion of up-and-down vibration of a rail into rotation of the cams, and through the one-way bearings, only one of the two counter-rotating cams is in transmission with the main shaft, and drives the main shaft to rotate in one direction all the time. In combination with an acceleration assembly and a power generation assembly, kinetic energy of the main shaft is converted into electric energy. The present application has simple structure, is safe and reliable, solves the power supply problem of low-power electric equipment in a rail monitoring system, and saves energy and reduces emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit technology, specifically relating to a double-cam type rail energy harvesting device, a rail energy harvesting method, and their applications. Background Technology

[0002] Given current issues of sustainable development and energy security, vigorously developing new energy technologies has become an important path for energy transition in various countries. When trains run on railway tracks, the imperfect rigidity of the tracks, combined with factors such as train speed, cargo load, and rail roughness, causes varying degrees of vertical vibration, generating vibration energy. Addressing the problem of power supply difficulties in high-altitude and remote areas, which prevent the provision of low-voltage power to sensors and small electronic devices near railway tracks, vibration energy harvesting technology can collect the vibration energy from the tracks and use it to power low-power sensors around the tracks, such as wheel sensors and tilt sensors, thereby enabling real-time detection and monitoring of railway system safety. In recent years, vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted widespread attention from academia and industry due to its self-powered, maintenance-free, low-cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, Chinese invention patent application publication number CN110203246A discloses a deceleration top energy recovery device based on a gear and rack mechanism. In this device, the reciprocating motion of the deceleration top is converted into the unidirectional rotation of the generator by using a gear and rack and three sets of gears. Due to the large number of gear sets, the power generation efficiency is low, and the gears are prone to wear, so the reliability needs to be improved. Another example is Chinese invention patent application publication number CN108547747A, which discloses a multi-stage deceleration belt energy harvesting device based on hydraulics. Both of these have the problems of being large, complex in structure, and having low power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of complex structures and unreliable reliability in existing energy harvesting devices, this invention provides a double-cam rail energy harvesting device, a rail energy harvesting method, and their applications. The double-cam rail energy harvesting device utilizes two sets of transmission components with cams and one-way bearings on both sides of the main shaft to convert the reciprocating linear motion of the rail's vertical vibration into the unidirectional rotation of the main shaft. Furthermore, an acceleration component and a power generation component convert the kinetic energy of the main shaft into electrical energy. This invention not only solves the power supply problem for low-power electrical equipment and modules near railway tracks but also achieves energy conservation and emission reduction through energy recovery and utilization.

[0005] This invention provides a double-cam type rail energy harvesting device, which is installed on a rail and includes a support assembly, a transmission assembly, a main shaft, an acceleration assembly, and a power generation assembly. The transmission assembly consists of two identical transmission assemblies, a first cam type transmission assembly and a second cam type transmission assembly, respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft. Each transmission assembly is provided with a connecting rod, a pin, a cam, and a one-way bearing. The cam has a slotted groove for connecting the pin and a hole for connecting the main shaft. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper support plate in the support assembly and one end of the pin. The other end of the pin is sleeved in the slotted groove of the cam and can slide along the slotted groove. The cam is connected to the main shaft through the one-way bearing installed in the hole. The one-way bearings in the two sets of transmission assemblies are installed in the same direction. The support assembly is connected to the main shaft via transmission assemblies positioned opposite each other on both sides of the main shaft, and can drive the main shaft to rotate in one direction when the rail vibrates up and down; at the same time, the main shaft is connected to the power generation assembly via the acceleration assembly to collect the vibration energy of the rail and convert it into electrical energy.

[0006] The motion principle of the transmission assembly is as follows: when the two connecting rods in the two sets of transmission components vibrate up and down synchronously, the two cams will always rotate in opposite directions. The two one-way bearings installed in the same direction can only mesh with the main shaft in the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise). The one-way bearings meshing with the main shaft will transmit torque to drive the main shaft to rotate in one direction.

[0007] Furthermore, to better realize the present invention, the transmission assembly further includes a needle roller bearing; the end of the pin is movably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam via the needle roller bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, to better realize the present invention, the transmission assembly further includes a Y-shaped clamp; the end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the pin shaft through the Y-shaped clamp.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the transmission assembly also includes a retaining ring for axially limiting the Y-shaped clamp mounted on the pin.

[0010] Furthermore, to better realize the present invention, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft hole of the cam, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the main shaft; when the outer ring and inner ring of the one-way bearing can rotate along the set working direction, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is not driven by the main shaft and is in a disengaged state; when the outer ring and inner ring of the one-way bearing cannot rotate along the set working direction and are locked, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is driven by the main shaft and is in a meshing state.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the first cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod I, a Y-type clamp I, a pin I, a needle roller bearing I, a cam I, and a one-way bearing I; the connecting rod I is mounted on one end of the pin I through the Y-type clamp I, and the other end of the pin I is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam I through the needle roller bearing I, while the cam I is connected to the main shaft through the one-way bearing I; The second cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod II, a Y-type clamp II, a pin II, a needle roller bearing II, a cam II, and a one-way bearing II. The connecting rod II is mounted on one end of the pin II via the Y-type clamp II, and the other end of the pin II is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam II via the needle roller bearing II. At the same time, the cam II is connected to the main shaft for transmission via the one-way bearing II. When connecting rod I and connecting rod II move in the same direction, they drive cam I and cam II to rotate in the same direction. At this time, one of the one-way bearings I and one-way bearing II engages with the main shaft and the other one-way bearing disengages from the main shaft, so as to always drive the main shaft to rotate in one direction.

[0012] Furthermore, to better realize the present invention, the support assembly further includes a rail clamp, a lower support plate, a linear bearing, and a guide rod; the rail clamp is fixedly connected to the upper support plate; one of the linear bearings and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the upper support plate and the other is fixedly connected to the lower support plate, and the linear bearings and the guide rod are sleeved on each other to realize the vertical linear limiting movement of the upper support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the acceleration assembly includes a coupling I, an accelerator, a support I, a coupling II, and a flywheel; the accelerator is mounted on the support I, and one end of the accelerator is connected to the main shaft through the coupling I, and the other end of the accelerator is connected to the flywheel through the coupling II.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the flywheel is made of carbon fiber.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the power generation component includes a coupling III, a generator, and a support II; the generator is mounted on the support II, and the flywheel is connected to the generator via the coupling III.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for collecting rail vibration energy, which collects the vibration energy of the rail through the above-mentioned double-cam type rail energy collection device and converts it into electrical energy.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an application of a rail energy harvesting method, in which the electrical energy converted from rail vibration energy is used to power the power modules in the rail monitoring system through the aforementioned double-cam rail energy harvesting device.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows.

[0019] (1) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention can capture the bidirectional vibration energy generated between the wheel and the rail through the support component and then transmit it to the transmission component. The transmission component can convert the vertical vibration motion of the rail into the unidirectional rotation motion of the main shaft through the mechanical cooperation between the parts, thereby driving the generator to rotate in one direction, cutting the magnetic field lines to generate electricity, and then storing the generated power in the supercapacitor. After rectification and filtering, it supplies power to the sensor next to the rail.

[0020] (2) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention has a simple structure, high reliability and convenient maintenance.

[0021] (3) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention adopts a cam with a zero pressure angle structure, which has higher transmission efficiency.

[0022] (4) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention converts the reciprocating motion of the rail into the unidirectional rotational motion of the generator shaft through its transmission component, so as to improve the power generation efficiency of the whole system and reduce the impact on the generator.

[0023] (5) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention is equipped with a flywheel, which can obtain more energy by utilizing the flywheel energy storage effect.

[0024] (6) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention has a support component that can better realize the up-and-down reciprocating vibration of the upper support plate through the cooperation of linear bearing and guide rod, and the friction is small.

[0025] (7) The rail energy harvesting method provided by the present invention can efficiently convert rail energy into electrical energy, which is green, environmentally friendly, energy-saving and emission-reducing.

[0026] (8) The rail energy harvesting method provided by the present invention effectively solves the power supply problem of low-power electrical equipment and electrical modules near the rail.

[0027] (9) The double-cam rail energy harvesting device provided by the present invention can be used to power low-power sensors such as wheel sensors, tilt sensors, and gyroscope sensors next to the rail after generating electricity with a generator, storing energy with a supercapacitor, and stabilizing and filtering the voltage, so as to realize real-time detection and monitoring of railway system safety in high-altitude and remote areas. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a side view of the cam mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a front view of the cam mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a motion diagram of the transmission assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation and energy storage principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Among them: A, railway tracks; 101. Rail clamp; 102. Upper support plate; 103. Lower support plate; 104. Linear bearing; 105. Guide rod; 110. Connecting rod I; 111. Y-type clamp I; 112. Snap ring I; 113. Pin I; 114. Needle roller bearing I; 115. Cam I; 116. One-way bearing I; 120. Connecting rod II; 121. Y-type clamp II; 122. Snap ring II; 123. Pin II; 124. Needle roller bearing II; 125. Cam II; 126. One-way bearing II; 130. Spindle; 141. Coupling I; 142. Accelerator; 143. Support I; 144. Coupling II; 145. Flywheel; 146. Short shaft; 151. Coupling III; 152. Generator; 153. Support II. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] This embodiment provides a double-cam type rail energy harvesting device, including a support assembly, a transmission assembly, a main shaft 130, an acceleration assembly, and a power generation assembly. The transmission assembly consists of two identical transmission assemblies, a first cam type transmission assembly and a second cam type transmission assembly, respectively disposed on both sides of the main shaft 130. Each transmission assembly is provided with a connecting rod, a pin, a cam, and a one-way bearing. The cam has a waist-shaped groove for connecting the pin and a shaft hole for connecting the main shaft 130. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper support plate 102 in the support assembly and one end of the pin. The other end of the pin is sleeved in the waist-shaped groove of the cam and can slide along the waist-shaped groove. The cam is connected to the main shaft 130 through the one-way bearing installed in the shaft hole. The one-way bearings in the two sets of transmission assemblies are installed in the same direction. The support assembly is connected to the main shaft 130 via transmission assemblies positioned opposite each other on both sides of the main shaft 130, and can drive the main shaft 130 to rotate in one direction when the rail A vibrates up and down; at the same time, the main shaft 130 is connected to the power generation assembly via the acceleration assembly, and is used to collect the vibration energy of the rail A and convert it into electrical energy.

[0038] The double-cam rail energy harvesting device described in this embodiment has two sets of transmission components with cams and one-way bearings arranged on both sides of the main shaft 130. The linear motion of the rail A vibrating up and down is converted into the rotation of the cams. At the same time, only one of the two cams rotating in opposite directions through the one-way bearings is connected to the main shaft 130 for transmission, and drives the main shaft 130 to rotate in one direction at all times. In addition, the acceleration component and the power generation component convert the kinetic energy of the main shaft 130 into electrical energy.

[0039] Since the vibration frequency of rail A is between 1-4Hz and the vibration amplitude varies between 7-12mm, adjusting the position of the double cam can ensure that the double cam mechanism will not have a dead point, thereby ensuring that the main shaft 130 can rotate continuously.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] Based on Example 1, this example provides a more detailed description of the double-cam rail energy harvesting device.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the five components that make up the rail energy harvesting device will be described below.

[0043] I. Supporting Components The support assembly includes: a rail clamp 101, an upper support plate 102, a lower support plate 103, a linear bearing 104, and a guide rod 105.

[0044] The rail clamp 101 is fixedly connected to the upper support plate 102; one of the linear bearings 104 and the guide rod 105 is fixedly connected to the upper support plate 102 and the other is fixedly connected to the lower support plate 103, and the linear bearings 104 and the guide rod 105 are sleeved together to realize the vertical linear limiting movement of the upper support plate 102.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the linear bearing 104 is mounted on the upper support plate 102, and the guide rod 105 is fixedly mounted on the lower support plate 103. However, in practice, mounting the linear bearing 104 on the lower support plate 103 and fixing the guide rod 105 on the upper support plate 102 can also achieve the function of limiting the vertical linear movement of the upper support plate 102 through the interlocking linear bearing 104 and guide rod 105. Therefore, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0046] In another specific embodiment, four linear bearings 104 are evenly distributed at the four corners of the upper support plate 102, and four guide rods 105 are also provided on the lower support plate 103 in a matching manner with the support plate, with their positions corresponding one-to-one.

[0047] Transmission assembly The transmission assembly is a key structure in the rail energy harvesting device, consisting of two identical transmission assemblies, a first cam-type transmission assembly and a second cam-type transmission assembly, respectively located on both sides of the main shaft 130.

[0048] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each transmission component is equipped with a set of connecting rods, Y-type clamps, pins, needle roller bearings, snap rings, cams, and one-way bearings.

[0049] In a set of transmission components, connecting rods, pins, and one-way bearings are essential key parts; while Y-type clamps, needle roller bearings, and snap rings are optional parts for optimizing structural performance. The cam has a waist-shaped groove for connecting the pin and a shaft hole for connecting the main shaft 130.

[0050] Therefore, the core structure of a set of transmission components is as follows: both ends are connected to the upper support plate 102 in the support component and one end of the pin, respectively. The other end of the pin is sleeved in the waist-shaped groove of the cam and can slide along the waist-shaped groove. At the same time, the cam is connected to the main shaft 130 through the one-way bearing installed in the shaft hole. The one-way bearings in the two sets of transmission components are installed in the same direction.

[0051] In another specific embodiment, the transmission assembly further includes a needle roller bearing; the end of the pin is movably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam via the needle roller bearing.

[0052] In another specific embodiment, the transmission assembly further includes a Y-shaped clamp; the end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the pin shaft via the Y-shaped clamp.

[0053] In another specific embodiment, the transmission assembly further includes a retaining ring for axially limiting the Y-shaped clamp mounted on the pin.

[0054] In another specific embodiment, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft hole of the cam, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the main shaft 130; when the outer and inner rings of the one-way bearing can rotate in a set working direction, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is not driven by the main shaft 130 and is in a disengaged state; when the outer and inner rings of the one-way bearing cannot rotate in a set working direction and are locked, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is driven by the main shaft 130 and is in a meshing state.

[0055] Spindle 130 In this embodiment, two one-way bearings are installed on the main shaft 130. However, the two one-way bearings do not drive at the same time, but alternately drive when the rail A vibrates, and drive the main shaft 130 to always rotate in the same direction.

[0056] IV. Acceleration Components The acceleration assembly includes: coupling I 141, accelerator 142, support I 143, coupling II 144, flywheel 145, and short shaft 146.

[0057] The accelerator 142 is connected to the main shaft via coupling I 141, and is fixedly connected to the support I 143. The other end of the accelerator 142 is connected to the short shaft 146, and the flywheel 145 is connected to the short shaft 146 via coupling II 144. Sometimes the short shaft 146 can be omitted, and the accelerator 142 and the flywheel 145 can be directly connected.

[0058] The flywheel 145 is used to connect the power generation equipment in the power generation assembly. Typically, the flywheel 145 is made of carbon fiber. The acceleration assembly utilizes the flywheel energy storage effect to obtain more energy.

[0059] V. Power Generation Components The power generation assembly includes: coupling III 151, generator 152, and support base II 153; the generator 152 is mounted on the support base II 153, and the flywheel 145 is connected to the generator 152 via the coupling III 151.

[0060] In the power generation component, the power generation equipment generates electricity continuously in one direction, ultimately achieving high-efficiency energy harvesting, and can be used to power low-power sensors around the railway track, such as wheels and tilt sensors, to realize real-time detection and monitoring of railway system safety.

[0061] Based on the above-mentioned rail energy harvesting device in this embodiment, the vibration energy collected from the rail can be generated by generator 152. The electrical energy is stored in a supercapacitor, stabilized and filtered, and then used to power low-power sensors such as wheel sensors, tilt sensors and gyroscope sensors next to rail A, so as to realize real-time detection and monitoring of railway system safety in high-altitude and remote areas.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] This embodiment is described in detail based on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.

[0064] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the first cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod I110, a Y-type clamp I111, a pin I113, a needle roller bearing I114, a snap ring I112, a cam I115, and a one-way bearing I116. The connecting rod I110 is mounted on one end of the pin I113 via the Y-type clamp I111, and the other end of the pin I113 is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam I115 via the needle roller bearing I114. At the same time, the cam I115 is connected to the main shaft 130 via the one-way bearing I116. The second cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod II 120, a Y-type clamp II 121, a retaining ring II 122, a pin II 123, a needle roller bearing II 124, a cam II 125, and a one-way bearing II 126. The connecting rod II 120 is mounted on one end of the pin II 123 via the Y-type clamp II 121, and the other end of the pin II 123 is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam II 125 via the needle roller bearing II 124. At the same time, the cam II 125 is connected to the main shaft 130 via the one-way bearing II 126. When connecting rods I 110 and II 120 move in the same direction, they drive cams I 115 and II 125 to rotate in the same direction. At this time, one of the one-way bearings I 116 and II 126 engages with the main shaft 130, while the other one disengages from the main shaft 130. Ultimately, with the cooperation of the first cam-type transmission assembly and the second cam-type transmission assembly, the reciprocating motion of the upper support plate 102 can be transformed into the continuous unidirectional rotation of the main shaft 130.

[0065] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, when rail A moves downwards due to train vibration, the upper support plate 102 also moves downwards. Connecting rods I110 and II120 drive Y-type clamps I111 and II121 to move downwards synchronously, respectively. Pin I113 is connected to Y-type clamp I111. At this time, cam I115 rotates counterclockwise under the action of pin I113 and needle roller bearing I104, while the one-way bearing I116, which is interference-fitted with cam I115, meshes with the main shaft, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate counterclockwise. Simultaneously, cam II125 rotates clockwise under the action of pin II123 and needle roller bearing II124, while the one-way bearing II126, which is interference-fitted with cam II125, does not mesh with the main shaft and rotates freely. Thus, when rail A moves downwards, the main shaft rotates counterclockwise, thereby driving the accelerator 142, flywheel 145, and generator 152 to rotate in one direction.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, when rail A moves upward due to train vibration, the upper support plate 102 also moves upward. Connecting rods I110 and II120 drive Y-type clamps I111 and II121 to move upward synchronously. Pin I113 is connected to Y-type clamp I111. At this time, cam I115 will rotate clockwise under the action of pin I113 and needle roller bearing I104, while the one-way bearing I116, which is interference-fitted with cam I115, will not mesh with the main shaft and will rotate freely. Simultaneously, cam II125 will rotate counterclockwise under the action of pin II123 and needle roller bearing II124, while the one-way bearing II126, which is interference-fitted with cam II125, will mesh with the main shaft, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate counterclockwise. Thus, when rail A moves upward, the main shaft will still rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the accelerator 142, flywheel 145, and generator 152 to rotate in one direction.

[0067] The above motion principle enables the main shaft to rotate counterclockwise during the reciprocating motion of the rail A, thereby driving the accelerator 142, flywheel 145 and generator 152 to ensure the continuous unidirectional rotation of the generator shaft.

[0068] Example 4:

[0069] Based on any one of Embodiments 1-3, this embodiment provides a method for collecting energy from railway tracks, which collects the vibration energy of track A through the aforementioned double-cam type railway track energy collection device and converts it into electrical energy.

[0070] Example 5:

[0071] Based on any one of Embodiments 1-3, this embodiment provides an application of a rail energy harvesting method, which uses the above-mentioned double-cam rail energy harvesting device to convert the electrical energy converted from rail vibration energy to power the power module in the rail monitoring system.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-cam rail energy-capturing device, which is installed on a rail (A) in a matched manner, comprising a support assembly, a transmission assembly, a main shaft (130), an acceleration assembly and a power generation assembly; characterized in that, The transmission assembly consists of two identical transmission components, a first cam-type transmission component and a second cam-type transmission component, respectively disposed on both sides of the main shaft (130). Each transmission component is provided with a connecting rod, a pin, a cam, and a one-way bearing. The cam has a waist-shaped groove for connecting the pin and a shaft hole for connecting the main shaft (130). The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper support plate (102) in the support component and one end of the pin. The other end of the pin is sleeved in the waist-shaped groove of the cam and can slide along the waist-shaped groove. The cam is connected to the main shaft (130) through the one-way bearing installed in the shaft hole. The one-way bearings in the two transmission components are installed in the same direction. The support assembly is connected to the main shaft (130) via transmission assemblies arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the main shaft (130), and can drive the main shaft (130) to rotate in one direction when the rail (A) vibrates up and down; at the same time, the main shaft (130) is connected to the power generation assembly via the acceleration assembly to collect the vibration energy of the rail (A) and convert it into electrical energy. The outer ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft hole of the cam, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is interference-fitted with the main shaft (130); when the outer ring and inner ring of the one-way bearing can rotate in the set working direction, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is not driven by the main shaft (130) and is in a disengaged state; when the outer ring and inner ring of the one-way bearing cannot rotate in the set working direction and are locked, the cam connected to the one-way bearing is driven by the main shaft (130) and is in a meshing state. The first cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod I (110), a Y-type clamp I (111), a pin I (113), a needle roller bearing I (114), a cam I (115), and a one-way bearing I (116). The connecting rod I (110) is mounted on one end of the pin I (113) through the Y-type clamp I (111), and the other end of the pin I (113) is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam I (115) through the needle roller bearing I (114). At the same time, the cam I (115) is connected to the main shaft (130) through the one-way bearing I (116). The second cam-type transmission assembly includes a connecting rod II (120), a Y-type clamp II (121), a pin II (123), a needle roller bearing II (124), a cam II (125), and a one-way bearing II (126). The connecting rod II (120) is mounted on one end of the pin II (123) through the Y-type clamp II (121), and the other end of the pin II (123) is slidably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam II (125) through the needle roller bearing II (124). At the same time, the cam II (125) is connected to the main shaft (130) through the one-way bearing II (126). When the connecting rod I (110) and connecting rod II (120) move in the same direction, they drive cam I (115) and cam II (125) to rotate in the same direction. At this time, one of the one-way bearings I (116) and one-way bearing II (126) engages with the main shaft (130) and disengages from the main shaft (130), so as to always drive the main shaft (130) to rotate in one direction.

2. A dual cam rail energy capturing device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission assembly also includes a needle roller bearing; the end of the pin is movably mounted in the waist-shaped groove of the cam via the needle roller bearing.

3. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The transmission assembly also includes a Y-shaped clamp; the end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the pin shaft via the Y-shaped clamp.

4. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The transmission assembly also includes a retaining ring for axially limiting the Y-shaped clamp mounted on the pin.

5. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The support assembly also includes a rail clamp (101), a lower support plate (103), a linear bearing (104), and a guide rod (105); the rail clamp (101) is fixedly connected to the upper support plate (102); one of the linear bearing (104) and the guide rod (105) is fixedly connected to the upper support plate (102), and the other is fixedly connected to the lower support plate (103), and the linear bearing (104) and the guide rod (105) are sleeved together to realize the vertical linear limiting movement of the upper support plate (102).

6. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The acceleration assembly includes coupling I (141), accelerator (142), support I (143), coupling II (144), and flywheel (145); the accelerator (142) is mounted on the support I (143), and one end of the accelerator (142) is connected to the main shaft (130) through the coupling I (141), and the other end of the accelerator (142) is connected to the flywheel (145) through the coupling II (144).

7. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The flywheel (145) is made of carbon fiber.

8. A dual cam rail energy harvester as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The power generation assembly includes a coupling III (151), a generator (152), and a support II (153); the generator (152) is mounted on the support II (153), and the flywheel (145) is connected to the generator (152) via the coupling III (151).

9. A method for harvesting energy from railway tracks, characterized in that, The vibration energy of the rail (A) is collected and converted into electrical energy by the double-cam rail energy harvesting device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An application of a railway rail energy harvesting method, characterized in that, The double-cam rail energy harvesting device as described in any one of claims 1-8 uses the electrical energy converted from the vibration energy of the rail (A) to power the power module in the rail monitoring system.

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