A damping support device for a ship's curved shell

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of ship vibration reduction, specifically disclosing a vibration-damping support device for the arc-shaped hull of a ship. It includes a base plate, multiple support plates, multiple web plates, and vibration damping sub-assemblies in the X, Y, and Z directions. The base plate is placed horizontally, and the support plates are vertically arranged at predetermined intervals. Simultaneously, each web plate is vertically arranged between adjacent support plates. The X-direction vibration damping sub-assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed circular vibration dampers perpendicular to the X direction and mounted on the web plates. The Y-direction vibration damping sub-assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers perpendicular to the Y direction and mounted on the support plates or web plates. The Z-direction vibration damping sub-assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers perpendicular to the Z direction and mounted on the web plates. This application can reduce vibration in the X, Y, and Z axes without affecting the installation and arrangement of existing testing equipment and display / control instruments, without damaging the original structural integrity, and with minimal weight introduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of ship vibration reduction, and more specifically, relates to a vibration reduction support device for the curved hull of a ship. Background Technology

[0002] In the shipbuilding industry, low-frequency vibrations of structures primarily affect the signal stability and data accuracy of shipboard testing equipment and display and control instruments (such as display consoles, gyroscopes, and speedometers). They can also easily lead to fatigue failure of these instruments, significantly impacting the performance parameters and lifespan of various ship systems. Due to the complex structure of ships and the numerous pieces of equipment installed, vibration sources are also complex, with vibrations occurring in all directions. Therefore, vibration reduction designs cannot focus solely on vibrations in a single direction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a vibration damping support device for the curved hull of ships, which aims to solve the problem that low-frequency vibration of ships affects the stability and accuracy of shipborne testing equipment and display and control instruments.

[0004] This application provides a vibration damping support device for a ship's arc-shaped hull. The device includes a base plate, multiple support plates, multiple web plates, an X-direction vibration damping component assembly, a Y-direction vibration damping component assembly, and a Z-direction vibration damping component assembly. The base plate is horizontally placed for fixing instruments and equipment. Each support plate is vertically spaced at a predetermined distance, and each web plate is vertically positioned between adjacent support plates. One end of each support plate and web plate is connected to the base plate, and the other end is connected to the ship's arc-shaped hull. The X-direction vibration damping component assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed circular vibration dampers perpendicular to the X-direction and mounted on the web plates. The Y-direction vibration damping component assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers perpendicular to the Y-direction and mounted on the support plates and / or web plates. The Z-direction vibration damping component assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers perpendicular to the Z-direction and mounted on the web plates.

[0005] By using the above-described technical solutions conceived in this application, and by setting up a base plate, a support plate, and a web plate, and by setting circular and fan-shaped vibration dampers on the support plate and the web plate, vibration can be reduced in three directions (X, Y, and Z) without damaging the integrity of the original structure and with minimal weight introduction, thereby effectively reducing the impact of vibration on the testing equipment and display and control instruments.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, one side of the circular vibration damper is a flat surface, and the other side is a curved surface. It includes a circular boss at the center and an annular structure whose thickness gradually decreases from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. The thickness of the circular vibration damper is calculated using the following formula:

[0007]

[0008] In the formula, r0 is the diameter of the circular boss, h0 is the thickness of the circular boss, ε is the slope of the thickness curve, m is the power exponent of the thickness curve, r is the radius at the current thickness, and r1 is the radius at the outer edge of the circular damper.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the radius r1 at the outer edge of the circular damper is calculated using the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, r d Let be the diameter of the outer circle of the circular damper, e be the eccentricity, which is the distance between the center of the circular boss and the center of the outer circle, and θ be the angle between the radial direction and the major axis with the center of the circular boss as the origin.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the fan-shaped damper is a fan-shaped structure obtained by cutting off 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circular damper along its center.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the circular damper is connected to the web or support plate via a circular boss on one side of the curved surface.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the fan-shaped vibration damper is connected to the web plate through the cross-section of the circular boss.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, a damping layer is further provided on the flat surface of the circular or fan-shaped vibration damper, the damping layer having a ring structure and located at the edge of the circular or fan-shaped vibration damper.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment, the circular or fan-shaped damper is made of hard aluminum, and the damping layer is made of butyl rubber.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment, the vibration damping support device further includes multiple shaft plates, which are disposed on two sides of the web.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the vibration damping support device further includes multiple reinforcing ribs, the curvature of which is consistent with the curvature of the ship's arc-shaped hull, and they are fixed at a predetermined distance on the back of the ship's arc-shaped hull to improve the strength of the ship's arc-shaped hull.

[0019] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following main technical advantages:

[0020] 1. This application addresses the problem of vibrations in multiple directions in the main structure of a ship affecting the stability of testing equipment and display and control instruments. It proposes to install a vibration damping support device on the curved hull of the ship. By setting up a base plate, a support plate, and a web plate, and installing two-dimensional eccentric circular and fan-shaped vibration dampers on the support plate and the web plate, vibration damping can be achieved in three directions (X, Y, and Z) without affecting the installation and arrangement of the original testing equipment and display and control instruments, without damaging the integrity of the original structure, and with minimal weight introduction. This effectively solves the vibration problem caused by the vibration of the main body of the ship to the testing equipment and display and control instruments.

[0021] 2. In particular, by optimizing the calculation method for the thickness and outer radius of the circular vibration damper, this application can further improve its vibration damping effect;

[0022] 3. In addition, this application also proposes to set a damping layer at the edge of the circular or fan-shaped vibration damper, which can effectively absorb the vibration energy transmitted to the edge of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vibration damping support device for the arc-shaped hull of a ship provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration damping support device for the arc-shaped hull of a ship provided in the embodiments of this application, without the installation of vibration dampers;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the circular vibration damper provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of one side of the circular damper surface provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of one side of the plane of the circular vibration damper provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sector-shaped vibration damper provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a top view of the sector-shaped vibration damper provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the vibration response before and after the installation of the vibration damper in the vibration damping support device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 1-support plate, 2-instrument equipment, 3-arc shell, 4-web plate, 5-shaft plate, 6-base plate, 7-reinforcing rib, 8-circular vibration damper, 9-fan-shaped vibration damper, 10-damping layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0033] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this application provides a vibration damping support device for the arc-shaped hull of a ship. The vibration damping support device includes a base plate 6, multiple support plates 1, multiple web plates 4, X-direction vibration damping sub-assemblies, Y-direction vibration damping sub-assemblies and Z-direction vibration damping sub-assemblies. The base plate 6 is a rectangular plate structure, which is usually placed horizontally and used to fix the instruments and equipment 2, including but not limited to testing equipment and display and control instruments, to provide space for personnel to operate.

[0034] Each support plate 1 is a rectangular plate structure, vertically arranged at a predetermined distance. At the same time, each web plate 4 is a trapezoidal structure and is vertically arranged between adjacent support plates 1. The support plates 1 and web plates 4 are perpendicular to each other. There are web plates 4 on both sides of the support plate 1. One end of the support plate 1 and web plate 4 is connected to the base plate 6, and the other end is connected to the arc-shaped hull 3 of the ship. The strength and stability of the base plate 6 are effectively improved through the joint action of the support plates 1 and web plates 4.

[0035] The X-direction damper assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed circular dampers 8 that are perpendicular to the X-direction and mounted on the web plate 4; the Y-direction damper assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped dampers 8 that are perpendicular to the Y-direction and mounted on the support plate 1 and / or the web plate 4; the Z-direction damper assembly includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped dampers 9 that are perpendicular to the Z-direction and mounted on the web plate 4. It should be noted that the X-direction is the horizontal left-right direction, the Y-direction is the horizontal front-back direction, and the Z-direction is the vertical direction.

[0036] When the ship is in operation, instrument 2 will be subject to vibration interference in different directions, which will seriously affect the data stability and accuracy of instrument 2, and also affect the comfort of the operators. By setting a base plate, support plate and web plate, and setting circular vibration dampers and fan-shaped vibration dampers on the support plate and web plate, vibration reduction can be achieved without destroying the original structural integrity and with less weight introduced, thereby effectively reducing the impact of vibration on the testing equipment and display and control instruments, and solving the problem of low-frequency vibration generated by the ship hull structure during movement.

[0037] The principle of acoustic black holes primarily involves altering the structural impedance by tailoring the structural thickness according to a specific pattern, thereby changing the phase velocity and group velocity of bending waves within the structure, achieving high wave concentration in a certain region. This is a novel wave manipulation technology and an efficient passive damping technology. Furthermore, it requires only a small amount of damping material adhered to the concentration region to achieve efficient energy dissipation. There is considerable research on acoustic black holes, resulting in numerous design forms, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional spatial designs, as well as circular, eccentric, fan-shaped, and spiral designs. The traditional circular design is widely used due to its simplicity and high manufacturing precision. However, the traditional perfectly symmetrical circular design has drawbacks. At low frequencies, the modal density of the damper is low, resulting in fewer modal frequencies that can be matched with the main structure to produce a dynamic vibration absorption effect. For complex structures with a large number of low-frequency modal frequencies, the achievable vibration reduction effect is limited.

[0038] Due to the complexity of the ship's main structure and the large number of instruments and equipment 2 installed, the sources of vibration are also complex, with vibrations existing in all three directions (X, Y, and Z). Therefore, vibration reduction design cannot focus solely on vibrations in one direction; a combination of circular and sector-shaped vibration dampers is necessary. Furthermore, due to the complexity of the hull structure and wiring layout, design is generally limited to the web plate 4 and support plate 1, with minimal impact on the original structure's load-bearing capacity and spatial layout. Considering the even more complex structural form of the ship's hull, adaptive design is required based on the target object's structural form, such as cutting and rotation directions, necessitating corresponding changes in assembly position and arrangement. This application selects to install circular and sector-shaped vibration dampers with different geometric parameters designed for the target frequency f on the web plate 4 and support plate 1. This achieves vibration suppression in all three directions (X, Y, and Z). This design does not affect the arrangement of instruments and equipment 2 on the base plate 6, nor does it increase the original structural volume. The added mass is relatively small compared to the main structure, while achieving better and more superior vibration reduction effects. The relationship between the target frequency f and the geometric parameters of the damper is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, R ABH ρ is the diameter of the damper, ρ is the density of the damper material, ν is the Poisson's ratio of the damper material, E is the Young's modulus of the damper material, and h is the thickness at the beginning of the damper.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figures 3-7As shown, the circular damper 8 and the fan-shaped damper 9 adopt a two-dimensional eccentric design based on the acoustic black hole principle to suppress vibrations in a certain direction. One side is a flat surface, and the other side is a curved surface that satisfies a certain functional relationship. The circular damper 8 specifically includes a circular boss set at the center and an annular structure whose thickness gradually decreases from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. Its thickness is specifically calculated using the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, the central region is a circular boss with a diameter of r0 and a maximum thickness of h0. ε is the slope of the thickness curve, which changes with the radial angle (when the radial angle is constant, the value of ε remains unchanged, determined by the formula result when r = r0). m is the power exponent of the thickness curve. According to the acoustic black hole principle, m ≥ 2 is required, and m is fixed. r is the radius at the current thickness, and r1 is the radius at the outer edge of the circular damper. Generally, the thinnest thickness of the circular damper 8 is usually less than 0.5 mm, and its maximum thickness is generally no more than 10 mm.

[0044] Furthermore, since the circular damper 8 adopts an eccentric design, the diameter of the central circular boss is always r0, while the radius r1 at the edge at different angles is different, satisfying the following functional relationship:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, r d Let θ be the diameter of the outer circle of the circular damper, e be the eccentricity, which is the distance between the center O' of the circular boss in the central region and the center O of the outer circle, and θ be the angle between the radial direction and the major axis with the center of the circular boss as the origin.

[0047] Furthermore, the fan-shaped vibration damper 9 is a fan-shaped structure obtained by cutting off 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circular vibration damper 8 along its center. To ensure that it does not contact the web or support plate during installation and thus affect the vibration damping effect, the variable thickness area of ​​the fan-shaped vibration damper needs to be cut off at a certain angle (about 5° is sufficient), while retaining part of the central circular boss, which is connected to the web 4 through the cut surface of the circular boss, with its axis parallel to the Z-axis. The circular vibration damper 8 is connected to the web 4 or support plate 1 through the circular boss on one side of the curved surface, and the remaining area cannot contact the surface of the web 4 or support plate 1. It is used for vibrations perpendicular to the direction of the web 4 and perpendicular to the direction of the support plate 1, that is, vibrations in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0048] Furthermore, a damping layer 10 is provided on the flat surface of the circular vibration damper 8 or the fan-shaped vibration damper 9. The damping layer 10 has a ring structure and is located at the edge of the circular vibration damper 8 or the fan-shaped vibration damper 9. The circular vibration damper 8 or the fan-shaped vibration damper 9 concentrates the vibration energy of the ship's main structure to the edge, and the damping layer 10 absorbs and dissipates the concentrated vibration energy.

[0049] Furthermore, the vibration damping support device also includes multiple shaft plates 5 and multiple reinforcing ribs 7. The shaft plates 5 are rectangular strip structures and are set on the two sides of the web plate 4 to stabilize the web plate 4 and the base plate 6, while facilitating the fixing of the instruments and equipment 2 installed on the base plate 6. The curvature of the reinforcing ribs 7 is consistent with the curvature of the ship's arc-shaped hull, and they are fixed at a preset distance on the back of the ship's arc-shaped hull to improve the strength of the ship's arc-shaped hull.

[0050] Furthermore, the arc-shaped shell 3 is made of Q235 steel, the base plate 6, support plate 1, web plate 4, and shaft plate 5 are all made of aluminum alloy, the circular damper 8 or fan-shaped damper 9 is made of hard aluminum, and the damping layer 10 is made of butyl rubber. Therefore, the vibration damping support device provided in this application has a relatively light total weight and its impact on the distribution at the center of the system can be ignored.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the arc-shaped shell 3 has a width of 3000mm, an arc length of 2575mm, and a wall thickness of 28mm. The reinforcing rib 7 has a width of 224mm and a wall thickness of 20mm. The overall dimensions of the base plate 6 are 1820*330*40mm, the overall dimensions of the support plate 1 are 1700*537*24mm, and the overall dimensions of the shaft plate 5 are 867*60*24mm. The selected circular damper 8 has an outer diameter of 170mm, a central circular boss diameter of 20mm, a minimum thickness of 0.5mm, and a maximum thickness of 5mm. The damping layer 10 has a thickness of 5mm and a width of 40mm. The model corresponding to the selected example was established using the finite element simulation software ABAQUS 6.13, with the same dimensions as the selected example. A constant force of 1N was applied along the X-axis at the side of the base plate, and the combined vibration response in the X, Y, and Z directions was calculated to analyze the vibration reduction effect.

[0052] To further enhance the vibration reduction effect, multiple circular vibration dampers 8 with different geometric parameters can be added at various locations on the web plate 4 and the support plate 1. The angle of the fan-shaped vibration dampers 9 can be designed according to the required space volume to meet the vibration reduction needs of different vibration directions and target frequencies. The total mass of the arc-shaped shell 3 (excluding the instruments and equipment placed therein) is 90 kg. The mass of adding 18 vibration dampers (3 different design forms, 6 of each) is 0.9 kg. The weight increase introduced by the structural design of a single unit is 1%, which has a negligible impact on the weight distribution of the original main structure. Figure 8 The results of the vibration response analysis show that after adding the designed circular damper 8 and fan-shaped damper 9, the original structure has a vibration reduction effect of 2 to 15 dB in the low frequency range below 300 Hz.

[0053] This application only sets up three types of vibration dampers. Increasing the selection of geometric parameters for vibration dampers can obtain a richer range of modal frequencies, allowing for more targeted design based on the target frequency of the main structure. It also allows for changes in the installation position and angle of the vibration dampers, all of which can further improve the vibration reduction effect. When arranging the vibration damper structure on the web, it is necessary to ensure that the distribution positions of each web are different as much as possible, avoiding an array arrangement. This is because the modal shapes on different webs often differ at the same frequency, and to achieve better vibration reduction, the arrangement positions need to be differentiated. Furthermore, the circular vibration damper 8, because it can only be installed by connecting to the target structure through the central boss, has certain limitations in its installation method and placement area, and occupies a large area of ​​the web surface, which is not conducive to the installation of multiple vibration damper structures. In contrast, the fan-shaped vibration damper 9 has a more flexible installation method, connecting to the target structure through the cross-section of the circular boss. When using cross-section connection for installation, not only can the installation direction be changed by rotation to achieve vibration reduction effects in different directions, but it also further saves space on the plate surface, facilitating the placement of more vibration damper structures.

[0054] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0055] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping support device for a ship's curved hull, characterized by, The vibration damping support device includes a base plate (6), multiple support plates (1), multiple web plates (4), an X-direction vibration damping component, a Y-direction vibration damping component, and a Z-direction vibration damping component. The base plate (6) is placed horizontally to fix the instrument equipment (2). Each support plate (1) is set vertically at a preset distance, and each web plate (4) is set vertically between adjacent support plates (1). One end of each support plate (1) and web plate (4) is connected to the base plate (6), and the other end is connected to the arc-shaped hull (3) of the ship. The X-direction vibration damping component includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed circular vibration dampers (8) that are perpendicular to the X-direction and installed on the web plate (4). The Y-direction vibration damping component includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers (9) that are perpendicular to the Y-direction and installed on the support plate (1) and / or the web plate (4). The Z-direction vibration damping component includes multiple two-dimensional eccentrically designed fan-shaped vibration dampers (9) that are perpendicular to the Z-direction and installed on the web plate (4).

2. The vibration damping support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fan-shaped damper (9) is a fan-shaped structure obtained by cutting off 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circular damper (8) along the center.

3. The vibration damping support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circular damper (8) is connected to the web plate (4) or the support plate (1) through a circular boss on one side of the curved surface.

4. The vibration damping support device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fan-shaped damper (9) is connected to the web plate (4) through the cross-section of the circular boss.

5. The vibration damping support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A damping layer (10) is also provided on the flat surface of the circular damper (8) or the fan-shaped damper (9). The damping layer (10) has a ring structure and is located at the edge of the circular damper (8) or the fan-shaped damper (9).

6. The vibration damping support device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The circular damper (8) or the fan-shaped damper (9) is made of hard aluminum, and the damping layer (10) is made of butyl rubber.

7. The vibration damping support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The vibration damping support device also includes multiple shaft plates (5), which are arranged on two sides of the web plate (4).

8. The vibration damping support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The vibration damping support device also includes multiple reinforcing ribs (7), the curvature of which is consistent with the curvature of the ship's arc-shaped hull, and they are fixed at a preset distance on the back of the ship's arc-shaped hull to improve the strength of the ship's arc-shaped hull.

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