Intelligent measuring and controlling water distribution device, pipe column and measuring and controlling method for realizing multi-layer water distribution of water well

Abstract

An intelligent measuring and controlling water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution of a water well, a pipe column and a measuring and controlling method, the device comprises an upper protecting cylinder, a middle protecting cylinder, a lower protecting cylinder and a main flow channel, the three protecting cylinders are connected in sequence, the main flow channel is arranged in the three protecting cylinders, an upper joint is arranged at the outer end of the middle protecting cylinder, an inner joint and an outer joint are arranged at the outer end of the lower protecting cylinder, a middle layer overflow channel and a lower layer overflow channel are arranged in the lower protecting cylinder, the middle layer overflow channel is communicated with the outer joint, the lower layer overflow channel is communicated with the inner joint, a water nozzle control sub is arranged in the protecting cylinder, the side wall of the main flow channel is provided with liquid outlet holes corresponding to the three protecting cylinders respectively, and flow meters are arranged in front of the liquid outlet holes; the pipe column comprises the intelligent measuring and controlling water distribution device, an outer pipe column and an inner pipe column; the measuring and controlling method comprises the following steps: running in a tubing, setting, water injection, well flushing, measurement and adjustment. The present application can simultaneously control the opening and closing of three layers of water nozzles, realize the measurement of three layers of water, the collection of three layers of injection parameters and realize one control three layers of intelligent injection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and tubing for stratified water injection in downhole water injection wells, belonging to the field of intelligent measurement and control technology for oilfield downhole wells. Background Technology

[0002] Layered water injection wells mainly employ integrated measurement and adjustment and conventional drop-and-retrieve measurement and adjustment processes. On-site measurement, adjustment, and sealing verification involve a large workload, resulting in a significant waste of manpower and equipment resources. With the increasing complexity of water injection well conditions and factors such as corrosion and scaling of the water injection tubing, the workload and cost of measurement and adjustment will further increase. Measurement and adjustment equipment and testing teams face multiple challenges, including heavy workloads and high intensity.

[0003] Cable-guided intelligent water injection transmits downhole production status parameters to the surface in real time via cable. After surface data processing and analysis, the surface control system issues commands to adjust the intelligent water distributor to achieve water injection at each level.

[0004] Currently, cable-based intelligent water injection achieves intelligent water injection for each floor by setting up a water distributor on each floor. This type of intelligent water distributor can only meet the monitoring and control water distribution needs of a single floor. To achieve monitoring and control water distribution for multiple floors, multiple water distributors need to be used in combination, resulting in high implementation costs.

[0005] For example, the layered water injection method and device disclosed in Chinese patent document CN115012888A involves connecting multiple packers and intelligent water distributors to a water injection string. Each intelligent water distributor is equipped with a water nozzle with an adjustable channel size. The water injection string is lowered into the well, and multiple water injection sections are separated by packers. Each water injection section corresponds to one intelligent water distributor. The water nozzle of the required water injection section is opened while the water nozzles of other water injection sections are closed. The water injection pressure is adjusted by changing the channel size of the water nozzle to regulate the water injection flow rate. Water injection is completed one by one for each of the multiple water injection sections.

[0006] CN105986791A discloses an eccentric remote intelligent water distributor, an intelligent stratified water injection string, an intelligent remote monitoring and control device, and an intelligent remote monitoring and adjustment method for stratified water injection. The eccentric remote intelligent water distributor includes a lower wellbore and a power supply device, a programmable motor, and an adjustable water nozzle installed inside the lower wellbore. The lower wellbore has a main fluid channel and an eccentric water injection channel. The inlet of the eccentric water injection channel is connected to the main fluid channel, and the outlet of the eccentric water injection channel penetrates the wall of the lower wellbore, with an angle between the outflow direction of the eccentric water injection channel and the length direction of the main fluid channel. The shaft of the programmable motor is driven and connected to the adjustable water nozzle, and the programmable motor can drive the adjustable water nozzle to adjust the opening of the eccentric water injection channel according to the received instructions.

[0007] CN110735621A discloses a method and system for intelligent measurement and adjustment of downhole wireless stratified water distribution, comprising: acquiring water distribution instructions from one or more downhole intelligent water distributors that need to be adjusted, converting them into corresponding water nozzle acoustic wave action signals, and sending them downhole through the water distribution string; the designated downhole intelligent water distributor receiving the corresponding water nozzle acoustic wave action signals, adjusting its internal water nozzles to an opening degree matching the water nozzle acoustic wave action signals, and completing stratified water distribution; the downhole intelligent water distributor periodically collecting feedback information from the corresponding formation, generating acoustic vibration signals matching the feedback information, and transmitting them to the surface in a time-division manner through the water distribution string; and the wellhead controller receiving the aforementioned acoustic vibration signals and converting them into feedback information for monitoring the equipment and formation water distribution status.

[0008] The above technical solutions also cannot achieve simultaneous multi-level water distribution monitoring and control. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing cable-based intelligent water injection technology, this invention provides, firstly, an intelligent water distribution and monitoring device that enables simultaneous monitoring and control of multiple layers of water distribution in a well via a cable from the ground; secondly, a tubing string employing the aforementioned intelligent water distribution and monitoring device; and thirdly, a method for layered water injection monitoring and control using the aforementioned tubing string.

[0010] The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in water wells in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] The device includes an upper casing, a middle casing, a lower casing, and a main flow channel. The upper casing, middle casing, and lower casing are connected together in sequence. The main flow channel is located inside the three casings. An upper connector is provided at the outer end of the middle casing, and an inner connector and an outer connector are provided at the outer end of the lower casing. A middle layer flow channel and a lower layer flow channel are provided in the lower casing. The middle layer flow channel is connected to the outer connector, and the lower layer flow channel is connected to the inner connector.

[0012] The upper, middle, and lower casings are respectively equipped with upper, middle, and lower water nozzle control sections. The side walls of the main channel are equipped with liquid outlet holes corresponding to the three casings, and each liquid outlet hole is connected to the liquid inlet of a set of water nozzle control sections. Upper, middle, and lower flow meters are respectively installed in front of the three liquid outlet holes.

[0013] A pressure and temperature sensor is installed at the inlet of the main channel, and an external pressure sensor (including an upper external pressure sensor, a middle external pressure sensor, and a lower external pressure sensor) is installed at the drain port of each water nozzle control section.

[0014] The inner connector is installed inside the lower casing via an adapter.

[0015] The upper casing is equipped with a control circuit that connects to electrical components and controls those components.

[0016] The inner and outer connectors are concentric double connectors.

[0017] The water tap control section includes a housing, a drive motor, a drive shaft, an adjusting core, and a water outlet valve. The drive motor and the water outlet valve are both housed within the housing. The water outlet valve contains an adjusting core, which is mounted on the drive shaft, which is connected to the drive motor. The water outlet valve has a throttling orifice. The housing has an inlet and a outlet on both sides of the water outlet valve. The inlet is connected to the outlet hole on the main flow channel, and the outlet is connected to the throttling orifice of the water outlet valve.

[0018] The drain port of the upper water nozzle control section passes directly through the upper protective sleeve.

[0019] The drain port of the middle layer water nozzle control section is connected to the external connector through the middle layer flow channel.

[0020] The drain port of the lower water nozzle control section is connected to the inner connector via the lower flow channel.

[0021] The drive motor is a geared motor, comprising a motor and a reduction mechanism, with the drive shaft connected to the output end of the reduction mechanism. Rotation of the drive shaft causes the regulating core to rotate, opening and closing the throttling orifice on the outlet valve, thus achieving linear flow regulation.

[0022] One end of the housing is provided with a motor sealing cap, which is used to seal and fix the housing.

[0023] The intelligent monitoring and control string for multi-layer water distribution in water wells, using the aforementioned intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, employs the following technical solution:

[0024] The tubing includes the aforementioned intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, an outer tubing, and an inner tubing, with the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device installed in the outer tubing.

[0025] The outer tubing string also includes a large tubing, packers, sliding sleeve distributors, and sealing devices; the packers include a middle packer and a lower packer, and the sliding sleeve distributors include a middle sliding sleeve distributor and a lower sliding sleeve distributor. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, the middle packer, the middle sliding sleeve distributor, the lower packer, and the lower sliding sleeve distributor are connected sequentially on the large tubing.

[0026] The inner tubing string includes a small tubing and a positioning cannula. The lower part of the small tubing is connected to the positioning cannula, which is inserted into the sealing device of the outer tubing string.

[0027] The large oil pipe and the small oil pipe are respectively connected to the outer and inner joints of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, and the upper joint of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device is connected to the wellhead via the large oil pipe.

[0028] The bottom end of the large oil pipe is connected to a bottom screen plug.

[0029] The signal cable of the intelligent water distribution and monitoring device is fixed to the outer wall of the large oil pipe.

[0030] The packer is a Y-type packer.

[0031] Water from the oil pipe flows in through the main channel and out through the outlet hole into the cavity of the water nozzle control section. After adjustment, the upper layer is directly injected into the upper layer from the outlet, while the middle and lower layers are injected into the corresponding formations (middle and lower layers) through the corresponding flow channels and sliding sleeve water distributors.

[0032] The method for layered water injection using the above-mentioned tubing string includes the following steps:

[0033] (1) Lowering the oil pipe:

[0034] The outer tubing string is delivered into the well. When it is lowered to the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device, the outer tubing string is placed at the wellhead. The inner tubing string is then rotated down, and the small tubing is lowered into the designed position. It is ensured that the positioning insertion tube enters the sealing device. The small tubing string of the inner tubing string and the large tubing string of the outer tubing string are respectively connected to the inner and outer joints of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device. The upper joint of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device is connected to the large tubing string at the wellhead.

[0035] (2) Sealing:

[0036] Close the upper and lower water nozzle control sections of the intelligent water distribution device, open the middle water nozzle control section, and pump hydraulic pressure from the large oil pipe to complete the setting of the middle and lower packers.

[0037] (3) Water injection

[0038] After setting, continue pressurizing until the pressure drops suddenly, then open the liquid outlet of the middle layer sliding sleeve water distributor to establish a middle layer water injection channel;

[0039] Close the middle water nozzle control section of the intelligent water distribution device, open the lower water nozzle control section, pressurize until the pressure drops suddenly, open the liquid outlet of the lower sliding sleeve water distributor, and establish the lower water injection channel. During this period, the upper water nozzle control section remains closed.

[0040] After opening the outlet holes of the middle and lower sliding sleeve water distributors, open all the water nozzle control sections of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device to start water injection;

[0041] (4) Well washing

[0042] Open the middle and lower water nozzle control sections of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, and adopt the reverse circulation well washing mode. The well washing fluid enters the large and small tubing from the casing through the well washing channels of the middle and lower packers and the well washing valve. After passing through the middle and lower water nozzle control sections and the main channel, it enters the tubing and then exits.

[0043] (5) Measurement and Adjustment

[0044] In the intelligent water distribution device, sensors collect pressure and temperature values ​​inside and outside the downhole tubing. The inlet pressure and temperature sensor monitors the pressure and temperature data inside the tubing, while the outer pressure sensor collects the pressure outside the tubing. Flowmeters in the main channel measure the stratified flow rate. The upper-layer flowmeter measures the total well flow rate, the middle-layer flowmeter measures the flow rate of the middle and lower layers, and the lower-layer flowmeter measures the flow rate of the lower layer. The flow rate of each layer is obtained by subtracting the values ​​in sequence. The control adjustment core rotates to change the opening position of the nozzle control sub.

[0045] The collected data is processed by the processor and then uploaded to the ground control system.

[0046] This invention can simultaneously control the on / off state of three water taps, enabling the testing of water volume at each of the three taps, the acquisition of injection parameters for each tap, and achieving intelligent dispensing of water from all three taps under one control; it has the following characteristics:

[0047] 1. Meets the requirements for automatic monitoring and control of water injection wells, and can support up to three layers of water injection;

[0048] 2. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device has built-in pressure and temperature sensors, which can monitor and collect formation data in real time;

[0049] 3. The intelligent water distribution device can automatically measure and adjust each layer without the need for additional instruments.

[0050] 4. The intelligent measurement and control water distribution device can realize stratified flow metering to meet the needs of stratified water distribution;

[0051] 5. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device can replace three conventional intelligent water distributors with the same function at the same time, which has a very high cost performance.

[0052] 6. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device can be lowered to any position in the well shaft, effectively avoiding the impact of high temperature on electronic components;

[0053] 7. It reduces the complexity of tools for oil-bearing sections and provides a wider range of tool options. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring and control string for multi-layer water distribution in a water well, as described in this invention.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer tube column structure in the intelligent measurement and control tube column.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube column structure in the intelligent measurement and control tube column.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent water distribution device in this invention.

[0058] In the diagram: 1. Main oil pipe; 2. Signal cable; 3. Intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device; 4. Small oil pipe; 51. Middle layer packer; 52. Lower layer packer; 61. Middle layer sliding sleeve water distributor; 62. Lower layer sliding sleeve water distributor; 7. Sealing device; 8. Bottom screen plug; 9. Positioning insert; 10. Upper connector; 11. Upper connecting piece; 12. Upper protective sleeve; 13. Motor sealing cap; 14. Drive motor; 15. Drive shaft; 16. Adjusting core; 17. Outlet valve; 18. Drain outlet ; 19. Upper external pressure sensor; 20. Middle casing; 21. Middle external pressure sensor; 22. Lower external pressure sensor; 23. Lower casing; 24. Middle flow channel; 25. Lower flow channel; 26. Adapter; 27. External connector; 28. Internal connector; 29. ​​Inlet pressure and temperature sensor; 30. Control circuit; 31. Upper small diameter flow meter; 32. Middle small diameter flow meter; 33. Lower small diameter flow meter; 34. Main flow channel; 35. Liquid outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The intelligent monitoring and control tubing for multi-layer water distribution in water wells in this invention mainly includes an outer tubing and an inner tubing.

[0061] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer tubing string includes a main tubing 1, an intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3, a packer, a sliding sleeve water distributor, and a sealing device 7. The packer includes a middle-layer packer 51 and a lower-layer packer 52; the sliding sleeve water distributor includes a middle-layer sliding sleeve water distributor 61 and a lower-layer sliding sleeve water distributor 62. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3, the middle-layer packer 51, the middle-layer sliding sleeve water distributor 61, the lower-layer packer 52, and the lower-layer sliding sleeve water distributor 62 are connected sequentially on the main tubing 1. A bottom screen plug 8 is connected to the bottom end of the main tubing 1. Main tubing of different lengths can be connected according to the actual depth. The packer, the sliding sleeve water distributor, and the sealing device 7 are all existing technologies, and the packer adopts a Y-type packer.

[0062] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The inner tubing includes a small oil tube 4 and a positioning tube 9. The lower part of the small oil tube 4 is connected to the positioning tube 9. The positioning tube 9 is inserted into the sealing device 7 of the outer tubing and the small oil tube 4 of different lengths is connected according to the actual depth.

[0063] The large oil pipe 1 and the small oil pipe 4 are respectively connected to the outer connector 27 and the inner connector 28 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 by threads. The upper connector 10 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 is connected to the wellhead through the large oil pipe 1. The signal cable 2 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 is fixed on the outer wall of the large oil pipe 1.

[0064] The surface control system (data acquisition and control system) controls the downhole intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, enabling surface control of the downhole system. Signal cable 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the tubing and connects the surface control system and the downhole intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, enabling bidirectional power supply and signal transmission to the downhole device. The water well tubing is suspended at the wellhead, with its lower end connected to the intelligent monitoring and control device, enabling surface-to-downhole water injection.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment provides a detailed description of the structure of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 in the tubular column described in Embodiment 1.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent water distribution device 3 includes an upper casing 12, a middle casing 20, a lower casing 23, and a main flow channel 34. The upper casing 12, middle casing 20, and lower casing 23 are connected in sequence. The main flow channel 34 is eccentrically positioned within the three casings via an upper connector 11. An upper connector 10 is located at the outer end of the middle casing 20, and an inner connector 28 and an outer connector 27 are located at the outer end of the lower casing 23. The inner connector 28 is located inside the outer connector 27. A middle-layer flow channel 24 and a lower-layer flow channel 25 are located within the lower casing 23. The middle-layer flow channel 24 connects to the outer connector 27, and the lower-layer flow channel 25 connects to the inner connector 28. The inner connector 28 is located within the lower casing 23 via an adapter 26. A control circuit 30 is located within the upper casing 12, connecting to electrical components and controlling these components.

[0068] The inner connector 28 and the outer connector 27 are concentric double connectors. The outer connector 27 is connected to the large oil pipe 1 of the outer tubing. From top to bottom, they are: outer connector 27, large oil pipe 1, packer 5, sliding sleeve water distributor 6, sealing device 7 and bottom screen plug 8. The inner connector 28 is connected to the small oil pipe 4 of the inner tubing.

[0069] Each of the upper casing 12, middle casing 20, and lower casing 23 is equipped with a set of water nozzle control sections, namely the upper water nozzle control section, the middle water nozzle control section, and the lower water nozzle control section. The side wall of the main channel 34 is provided with three liquid outlet holes 35 corresponding to the upper casing 12, the middle casing 20, and the lower casing 23, and each liquid outlet hole 35 is connected to the liquid inlet of a set of water nozzle control sections.

[0070] Within the main channel 34, a small-diameter flow meter is installed in front of each outlet 35, namely an upper-layer small-diameter flow meter 31, a middle-layer small-diameter flow meter 32, and a lower-layer small-diameter flow meter 33. Each flow meter is used to measure the flow rate of the layer below it, such as... Figure 4In the well system, the upper-layer small-diameter flow meter 31 is used to measure the total well flow rate, the middle-layer small-diameter flow meter 32 is used to measure the flow rate of the middle and lower layers, and the lower-layer small-diameter flow meter 33 is used to measure the flow rate of the lower layer. The flow rate of each layer can be obtained by subtracting the flow rates sequentially. After processing by the processor, the flow rates of each layer are uploaded to the surface control system. A valve-inlet internal pressure and temperature sensor 29 is installed at the inlet of the main channel 34 to monitor the pressure and temperature data inside the tubing. An external pressure sensor is installed at the discharge port 18 of each water nozzle control section, including an upper-layer external pressure sensor 19, a middle-layer external pressure sensor 21, and a lower-layer external pressure sensor 22, to collect the external pressure of the tubing. Internal pressure refers to the pressure before the valve, and external pressure refers to the pressure after the valve. The internal pressure and temperature sensor 29 and the external pressure sensor 19 are connected to the processor. After the downhole data is processed by the processor, it is uploaded to the surface control system via the signal cable 2. The surface commands are sent to the processor for decoding.

[0071] The faucet regulating section is a valve-plate structure and is an electrically controlled drive system for controlling the faucet's on / off state. It includes a housing, a drive motor 14, a drive shaft 15, an adjusting core 16, and an outlet valve 17. Both the drive motor 14 and the outlet valve 17 are housed within the housing. The adjusting core 16 is installed within the outlet valve 17 and mounted on the drive shaft 15, which is connected to the drive motor 14. The outlet valve 17 has a throttling orifice. The housing has an inlet and an outlet 18 on either side of the outlet valve 17. The inlet communicates with the outlet hole 35 on the main flow channel 34, and the outlet 18 communicates with the throttling orifice of the outlet valve 17. The drive motor 14 is a geared motor, including the motor and a reduction mechanism, with its lower end connected to the drive shaft 15. Rotation of the drive shaft 15 drives the adjusting core 16 to rotate, thus opening and closing the throttling orifice on the outlet valve 17, achieving linear flow regulation. A motor sealing cap 13 is provided at one end of the housing, and the sealing and fixing are completed by the motor sealing cap 13.

[0072] Each water nozzle regulating section has a drain port 18 that is connected to the outside of the casing. Figure 4 In the middle, the drain port of the upper water nozzle control section on the left (upper drain port) passes directly through the upper casing 12, the drain port of the middle water nozzle control section in the middle is connected to the outer connector 27 through the middle flow channel 24, and the drain port of the lower water nozzle control section on the right is connected to the inner connector 28 through the lower flow channel 25.

[0073] The ground control system can simultaneously control three sets of intelligent water nozzle control sections. The incoming fluid from the ground enters the main channel 34 through the oil pipe and flows into the cavity of the water nozzle control section through the outlet 35. After adjustment, it is distributed from each water nozzle control section. The upper water nozzle control section directly injects into the upper layer from the upper drain port 18. The water from the middle and lower layers is divided by the middle water nozzle control section and the lower water nozzle control section, and then enters the annulus between the large oil pipe 1 and the small oil pipe 4 and the small oil pipe 4 through the middle sliding sleeve water distributor 61 and the lower sliding sleeve water distributor 62. It is then injected into the corresponding formation (middle and lower layers).

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment is a detailed description of the intelligent measurement and control method for the tubing in Embodiment 1.

[0076] 1. Lower the oil pipe

[0077] The outer tubing string is delivered to the well using the main tubing 1. When it reaches the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3, the outer tubing string is positioned at the wellhead. The inner tubing string is then lowered, and the small tubing 4 is lowered to the designated position, ensuring that the positioning insertion tube 9 is inserted into the sealing device 7. The inner and outer tubing strings are threaded to the inner connector 28 and outer connector 27 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3, respectively. The upper connector 10 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 is connected to the wellhead via the main tubing 1, delivering the tool section to the designated position. The signal cable 2 of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3 is connected to the surface control cabinet, and a cable protector is used to secure the signal cable 2 to the outer wall of the main tubing 1.

[0078] 2. Sealing

[0079] By ground control, the upper and lower water nozzle control sections of the intelligent water distribution device 3 are closed, the middle water nozzle control section is opened, and hydraulic pressure is pumped from the large oil pipe 1 to complete the setting of the middle packer 51 and the lower packer 52.

[0080] 3. Water injection

[0081] After the setting is completed, continue pressurizing until the pressure drops suddenly, open the liquid outlet of the middle layer sliding sleeve water distributor 61, and establish the middle layer water injection channel.

[0082] Ground control: Close the middle water nozzle control section of the intelligent water distribution device 3, open the lower water nozzle control section, pressurize until the pressure drops suddenly, open the liquid outlet of the lower sliding sleeve water distributor 62, and establish the lower water injection channel. During this period, the upper water nozzle control section remains closed.

[0083] After opening the outlet holes of the middle sliding sleeve water distributor 61 and the lower sliding sleeve water distributor 62, open all the water nozzle control sections of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device 3 to start water injection.

[0084] 4. Well cleaning

[0085] Open the middle layer water nozzle control section and the lower layer water nozzle control section of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device 3, and adopt the reverse circulation well washing mode. The well washing fluid enters the main tubing 1 and the small tubing 4 from the casing through the well washing channels of the middle layer packer 51 and the lower layer packer 52, and then enters the tubing after passing through the middle layer water nozzle control section, the lower layer water nozzle control section and the main channel 34 before returning out.

[0086] 5. Testing and Adjustment

[0087] The sensors in the intelligent water distribution device 3 collect pressure and temperature values ​​inside and outside the downhole tubing. After processing by the processor, these values ​​are uploaded to the surface control system. The flow meter in the main channel 34 can measure the stratified flow rate. The drive motor 14 controls the rotation of the regulating core 16 to change the water nozzle opening position.

[0088] The upper-layer small-diameter flow meter 31 is used to measure the total well flow rate, the middle-layer small-diameter flow meter 32 is used to measure the flow rate of the middle and lower layers, and the lower-layer small-diameter flow meter 33 is used to measure the flow rate of the lower layer. The flow rate of each layer can be obtained by subtracting the flow rates sequentially. After processing by the processor, the flow rates of each layer are uploaded to the surface control system. The inlet pressure and temperature sensor 29 monitors the pressure (pre-valve pressure) and temperature data inside the tubing. The upper-layer external pressure sensor 19, the middle-layer external pressure sensor 21, and the lower-layer external pressure sensor 22 collect the external pressure (post-valve pressure) of the tubing. After being processed by the processor, the downhole data is uploaded to the surface control system via the signal cable 2. The surface commands are sent to the processor for decoding.

[0089] Components not described in detail in this invention are all prior art.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in water wells, characterized in that: It includes an upper casing, a middle casing, a lower casing, and a main flow channel. The upper casing, middle casing, and lower casing are connected together in sequence. The main flow channel is set inside the three casings. The outer end of the middle casing is provided with an upper connector. The outer end of the lower casing is provided with an inner connector and an outer connector. The lower casing is provided with a middle layer flow channel and a lower layer flow channel. The middle layer flow channel is connected to the outer connector, and the lower layer flow channel is connected to the inner connector. The upper, middle, and lower casings are respectively equipped with upper, middle, and lower water nozzle control sections. The side walls of the main channel are equipped with liquid outlet holes corresponding to the three casings, and each liquid outlet hole is connected to the liquid inlet of a set of water nozzle control sections. Upper, middle, and lower flow meters are respectively installed in front of the three liquid outlet holes. A pressure and temperature sensor is installed at the inlet of the main channel, and an external pressure sensor is installed at the drain port of each water nozzle control section. The drain port of the upper water nozzle control section passes directly through the upper protective sleeve; The drain port of the middle layer water nozzle control section is connected to the external connector through the middle layer flow channel; The drain port of the lower water nozzle control section is connected to the inner connector via the lower flow channel.

2. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner connector is installed inside the lower casing via an adapter.

3. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper casing is equipped with a control circuit.

4. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer connectors are concentric double connectors.

5. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tap control section includes a housing, a drive motor, a drive shaft, an adjusting core, and a water outlet valve. The drive motor and the water outlet valve are both housed within the housing. The water outlet valve contains an adjusting core, which is mounted on the drive shaft, which is connected to the drive motor. The water outlet valve has a throttling orifice. The housing has an inlet and a outlet on both sides of the water outlet valve. The inlet is connected to the outlet hole on the main flow channel, and the outlet is connected to the throttling orifice of the water outlet valve.

6. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in water wells according to claim 5, characterized in that: A motor sealing cap is provided at one end of the housing.

7. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device for realizing multi-layer water distribution in wells according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive motor is a geared motor, which includes a motor and a reduction mechanism, and the drive shaft is connected to the output end of the reduction mechanism.

8. An intelligent monitoring and control string for realizing multi-layer water distribution in water wells, characterized in that: The intelligent water distribution device according to any one of claims 5-7 further includes an outer tubing and an inner tubing. The outer tubing string also includes a large tubing, packers, sliding sleeve distributors, and sealing devices; the packers include a middle packer and a lower packer, and the sliding sleeve distributors include a middle sliding sleeve distributor and a lower sliding sleeve distributor. The intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, the middle packer, the middle sliding sleeve distributor, the lower packer, and the lower sliding sleeve distributor are connected sequentially on the large tubing. The inner tubing string includes a small tubing and a positioning cannula. The lower part of the small tubing is connected to the positioning cannula, which is inserted into the sealing device of the outer tubing string. The large oil pipe and the small oil pipe are respectively connected to the outer and inner joints of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, and the upper joint of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device is connected to the wellhead via the large oil pipe.

9. The intelligent monitoring and control string for realizing multi-layer water distribution in a water well according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom end of the large oil pipe is connected to a bottom screen plug.

10. The intelligent monitoring and control string for realizing multi-layer water distribution in a water well according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal cable of the intelligent water distribution and monitoring device is fixed to the outer wall of the large oil pipe.

11. The intelligent monitoring and control string for realizing multi-layer water distribution in a water well according to claim 8, characterized in that: The packer is a Y-type packer.

12. A method for intelligent monitoring and control of multi-layer water distribution in a water well, using the intelligent monitoring and control string for multi-layer water distribution in a water well as described in claim 8, comprising the following steps: (1) Lowering the oil pipe: The outer tubing string is delivered into the well. When it is lowered to the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device, the outer tubing string is placed at the wellhead. The inner tubing string is then rotated down, and the small tubing is lowered into the designed position. It is ensured that the positioning insertion tube enters the sealing device. The small tubing string of the inner tubing string and the large tubing string of the outer tubing string are respectively connected to the inner and outer joints of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device. The upper joint of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device is connected to the large tubing string at the wellhead. (2) Sealing: Close the upper and lower water nozzle control sections of the intelligent water distribution device, open the middle water nozzle control section, and pump hydraulic pressure from the large oil pipe to complete the setting of the middle and lower packers. (3) Water injection After setting, continue pressurizing until the pressure drops suddenly, then open the liquid outlet of the middle layer sliding sleeve water distributor to establish a middle layer water injection channel; Close the middle water nozzle control section of the intelligent water distribution device, open the lower water nozzle control section, pressurize until the pressure drops suddenly, open the liquid outlet of the lower sliding sleeve water distributor, and establish the lower water injection channel. During this period, the upper water nozzle control section remains closed. After opening the outlet holes of the middle and lower sliding sleeve water distributors, open all the water nozzle control sections of the intelligent measurement and control water distribution device to start water injection; (4) Well washing Open the middle and lower water nozzle control sections of the intelligent monitoring and control water distribution device, and adopt the reverse circulation well washing mode. The well washing fluid enters the large and small tubing from the casing through the well washing channels of the middle and lower packers and the well washing valve. After passing through the middle and lower water nozzle control sections and the main channel, it enters the tubing and then exits. (5) Measurement and adjustment In the intelligent water distribution device, sensors collect pressure and temperature values ​​inside and outside the downhole tubing. The inlet pressure and temperature sensor monitors the pressure and temperature data inside the tubing, while the outer pressure sensor collects the pressure outside the tubing. Flowmeters in the main channel measure the stratified flow rate. The upper-layer flowmeter measures the total well flow rate, the middle-layer flowmeter measures the flow rate of the middle and lower layers, and the lower-layer flowmeter measures the flow rate of the lower layer. The flow rate of each layer is obtained by subtracting the values ​​in sequence. The control adjustment core rotates to change the opening position of the nozzle control sub. The collected data is processed by the processor and then uploaded to the ground control system.

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