Parameter calibration method for state equation of explosive overpressure detonation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of explosive overpressure detonation equation of state parameter calibration method, belong to explosive detonation test technical field, solve the problem of inaccurate, high cost and poor efficiency of explosive overpressure detonation equation of state parameter calibration method in prior art.The following steps are included: using explosive overpressure detonation test, obtain the shock wave particle velocity of explosive interface, and then obtain the P-V relationship of explosive detonation product;Using real genetic algorithm and gamma law equation of state, obtain the JWL equation of state parameters in explosive overpressure detonation equation of state;The explosive overpressure detonation equation of state is the combined form of JWL and gamma law equation of state based on the P-V relationship of explosive detonation product;Based on the P-V relationship of explosive detonation product obtained by explosive overpressure detonation test device, obtain the combined parameters of JWL and gamma law combined equation of state, complete explosive overpressure detonation equation of state parameter calibration.Accurate and low-cost calibration of explosive overpressure detonation equation of state parameters is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosive detonation testing technology, and in particular to a method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, various high dynamic pressure loading techniques have been developed, leading to extensive research on the mechanism of explosive detonation, experimental observations, numerical calculations, and applications of detonation wave propagation. Among these, the equation of state for explosive detonation products serves as the foundation for accurately describing the work capacity and interaction processes of explosives. It is used when high-energy explosives, under extremely strong impact loads, can generate detonation waves with pressures and velocities exceeding those of steady CJ detonation. Accurately describing and characterizing the equation of state for detonation products above the CJ point of explosives has become a challenging and hot research topic in engineering applications.

[0003] Currently, state equations based on the JWL+γ form typically require first using cylindrical experiments to calibrate the parameters of the JWL state equation within the combined JWL+γ state equation. Then, the JWL+γ state equation is determined by fitting the γ-law state equation with the overpressure detonation Hugo Newey experiment. However, the standard cylindrical experiment calibration is expensive and inefficient, resulting in high uncertainty. On the other hand, conventional overpressure detonation experiments often use rotating mirror high-speed scanning cameras for overpressure detonation testing and electric probes to test the Pu relationship of explosives. However, both methods suffer from low signal quality, complex structures, and high uncertainty, leading to large parameter errors in the experimental results.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more accurate, low-cost, and efficient device and method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives, in order to solve the problems of inaccuracy, high cost and poor efficiency of existing parameter calibration methods for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives.

[0006] This invention provides a method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of an explosive, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The overpressure detonation test of explosives was used to obtain the particle velocity of the shock wave at the explosive interface. Based on the conservation relationship of shock wave quantity, the conservation relationship of mass and the interface continuity condition, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products was obtained, where P is the shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products and V is the relative specific volume of the explosive detonation products.

[0008] The JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives are obtained by using a real number genetic algorithm and a γ-law state equation; wherein, the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives is a joint state equation of JWL and γ-law obtained based on the PV relationship of the strong detonation products of explosives.

[0009] Based on the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the parameters of the JWL equation of state, the joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint equation of state are obtained, and the parameter calibration of the explosive overpressure detonation equation of state is completed.

[0010] Furthermore, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products was obtained in the following way:

[0011] Based on the physical parameters and working conditions of the explosive overpressure detonation test, the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample and the shock wave particle velocity in the aluminum sample are obtained.

[0012] Based on the shock wave particle velocity and impedance matching method in the aluminum sample, the argon-German relationship of the aluminum sample is obtained.

[0013] Based on the Rain-Gonne relationship of the aluminum sample and the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, the PV relationship of the explosive's strong detonation products is expressed as follows:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, v0 represents the initial specific volume, u p1 This represents the velocity of the shock wave particles at the interface between the explosive and LiF.

[0017] Furthermore, the JWL state equation parameters are obtained through the following steps:

[0018] S21. Set the initial configuration of the real number genetic algorithm and initialize the chromosome population; wherein, the initial configuration includes the range of parameters R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation and the number of chromosomes in the chromosome population, wherein R1, R2, and ω constitute chromosomes as genes of chromosomes;

[0019] S22. Based on the established chromosome fitness, the chromosomes of the chromosome population are selected, crossed over, and mutated to obtain a new chromosome population; among which, the chromosome fitness function is established based on the pressure of the γ-law state equation.

[0020] S23. Determine whether the stopping criterion has been triggered. If not, use the new chromosome population as the chromosome population for the next iteration, and repeat steps S22 and S23 until the stopping criterion is triggered, and obtain the specific values ​​of parameters A, B, R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation at this time. The stopping criteria include the applicability reaching the expected value, the number of iterations reaching the maximum value, or the applicability not increasing for a consecutive preset number of iterations.

[0021] Furthermore, a new chromosome population is obtained by performing the following steps:

[0022] S221. Based on chromosome suitability, select chromosomes from the chromosome population and choose two superior chromosomes; among them, the two superior chromosome individuals initially selected from the chromosome population are taken as two initial superior chromosome individuals;

[0023] S222. The two selected superior chromosome individuals are used as parent chromosomes for crossover and mutation to generate corresponding offspring chromosomes, and the parent chromosomes in the chromosome population are updated with the corresponding offspring chromosomes.

[0024] S223. Determine whether the number of offspring chromosomes generated has reached pop-2. If not, repeat steps S221-S223. If so, combine the generated pop-2 offspring chromosomes with two initial superior chromosomes to generate a new chromosome population.

[0025] Furthermore, the two parent chromosomes are crossed over through hybridization to generate the corresponding initial offspring chromosomes; then, based on the mutation probability, the two initial offspring chromosomes are subjected to chromosome mutation to generate offspring chromosomes.

[0026] Furthermore, hybridization is performed in the following manner:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, Represents paternal chromosomes The gene value at position k in the sequence. Represents paternal chromosomes The gene value at position k, O i,k O j,k They represent the paternal chromosomes respectively. The corresponding gene value at position k in the initial offspring chromosome, where α represents a random number within a set range.

[0029] Furthermore, initial offspring chromosome variations are achieved through the following methods:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, C′ j,k Represents the initial offspring chromosome C′ j The gene value at position k, O′ j,k Represents the initial offspring chromosome C′ j The gene value at position k in the mutated offspring chromosome, C max C min These are the initial offspring chromosomes C′. j The upper and lower limits of the gene at position k are given, where r is a random number between [0,1], which determines the direction of chromosome mutation, and t is the current iteration number. max This represents the maximum number of iterations.

[0032] Furthermore, the joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint state equations are determined in the following manner:

[0033] Substitute the data from the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the parameters of the JWL equation of state into the explosive overpressure detonation equation of state, and use the least squares method to fit and obtain the joint parameters.

[0034] Furthermore, an overpressure detonation test of explosives is conducted based on an overpressure detonation parameter measurement system, which includes: a charge driving device, a laser probe, and a measuring device;

[0035] The charge-driving device includes: a charge module, a support sleeve, a flyer, a limiting plate, and a base plate; the support sleeve is divided into two sections by the limiting plate, one section holds the flyer and the charge module in sequence, and the other section holds the base plate, which has two sample grooves for placing the test sample;

[0036] The laser probe is positioned directly opposite the two sample grooves. The laser probe is used to emit a laser beam received from the measuring device onto the test sample, receive the laser beam returned from the test sample, and transmit the returned laser beam to the measuring device. The measuring device measures the velocity of the shock wave particles based on the returned laser beam.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] This invention provides a method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives. By employing overpressure detonation tests, the particle velocities of the shock wave at the explosive interface are obtained. Then, based on the conservation relationships of shock wave quantity, mass, and interface continuity, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is derived. Using a real-number genetic algorithm and the γ-law state equation, the JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation are obtained. Based on the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the JWL state equation parameters, the joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint state equation are obtained, thus completing the parameter calibration of the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives. This method achieves accurate and low-cost parameter calibration of the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives. The calibration method solves the problems of large errors, low operability, and low accuracy in current experimental parameter measurements. It lays the foundation for studying the detonation reaction mechanism of explosives inside composite charges, the calibration of material equations of state, and the energy output response law. It can be applied to explosives in fields such as strong detonation driving, high amplitude stable wide pulse loading, one-dimensional large size, multi-sample synchronous measurement, and material equation of state research, and has good social and economic benefits. By using the conservation relationship of physical quantities before and after the shock wave, the PV relationship of strong detonation products can be obtained, thereby accurately obtaining the Göttingen curve of explosive detonation products, which can provide a basis for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation equation of state in the JWL and γ joint equation form.

[0039] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a parameter calibration method for an overpressure detonation state equation of explosives provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the aluminum specimen and the ferrule provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosive overpressure detonation parameter measurement system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charging drive device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser probe fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the limiting plate and the support sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the positioning sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the positioning rod and positioning ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the laser probe fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation state of the charging drive device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 19 The curve showing the change of internal energy of TNT explosive detonation products with relative volume provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 20 The curves showing the change of fitness function values ​​of two excellent individuals of explosives provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention with the number of evolutions;

[0061] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the PV curve provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 22 A comparison chart of PV curves for the JWL equation of state parameters, standard γ equation of state, experimental and combined equations of COMPB explosive provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 23 A comparison chart of PV curves for the JWL equation of state, experimental equation, and combined equation of the TNT explosive provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure label:

[0065] 1-Charging drive device; 2-Trigger line; 3-Laser probe; 4-Measuring device;

[0066] 101-Punch loading module; 102-Support sleeve; 103-Flying blade; 104-Limiting plate; 105-Base plate;

[0067] 106-Laser probe mounting plate; 107-Positioning sleeve; 108-Positioning rod; 109-Positioning ring;

[0068] 1011-Detonator; 1012-Explosive plane wave lens; 1013-Main charge;

[0069] 1051 - Explosive sample; 1052 - LiF window material; 1053 - Aluminum sample;

[0070] 401 - All-fiber laser interferometer; 402 - Laser; 403 - Oscilloscope. Detailed Implementation

[0071] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of an explosive, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0074] S1. The overpressure detonation test of explosives is used to obtain the particle velocity of the shock wave at the explosive interface. Then, based on the conservation relationship of shock wave quantity, the conservation relationship of mass and the interface continuity condition, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is obtained, where P is the shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products and V is the relative volume of the explosive detonation products.

[0075] During implementation, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is obtained through the following method:

[0076] S11. Based on the physical parameters and working conditions of the set explosive overpressure detonation test, obtain the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample and the shock wave particle velocity in the aluminum sample.

[0077] Specifically, the physical parameters of the explosive overpressure detonation test include the size and composition of the explosive lens, the size of the main charge, explosive sample, aluminum sample, substrate and flyer, and the number of all-fiber laser interferometers.

[0078] More specifically, the aluminum sample is an LY12 aluminum sample, the substrate is an aluminum substrate, and the flyer is a copper flyer.

[0079] For example, the physical parameters and operating conditions for the overpressure detonation test of the explosive in this embodiment are set as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Copper flyers of different thicknesses and main charge combinations are used to adjust the flyer velocity, thereby changing the magnitude of the incident shock wave pressure and obtaining shock wave particle velocity data under different impact states; where Φ represents the diameter. It should be noted that the shock wave particle velocity can be measured using a measuring device composed of an all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter.

[0080] Table 1 Physical parameters of the overpressure detonation test of explosives

[0081] Table 2 Operating conditions for overpressure detonation tests of explosives

[0082]

[0083] S12. Based on the shock wave particle velocity and impedance matching method in the aluminum sample, the γ-German-Neu relationship of the aluminum sample is obtained.

[0084] Specifically, the rain-German-Neus relationship of the aluminum sample is expressed as follows:

[0085] P′=ρ 01 (a1+b1u)u (1)

[0086] In the formula, ρ 01 The initial density of the substrate is represented by , a1 and b1 are the first and second characteristic constants characterizing the substrate material properties, respectively, which are obtained by fitting experimental data, u is the shock wave particle velocity of the aluminum sample, and P′ represents the shock wave pressure of the aluminum sample.

[0087] It should be noted that the Rain-Gonne-Neu relationship of the products of a strong detonation of explosives was obtained through the following method:

[0088] Based on the impedance matching relationship, the experimental values ​​of shock wave particle velocity u and shock wave velocity D1 of the aluminum sample obtained from each working condition in the explosive overpressure detonation test are linearly regressed on the Du plane to obtain:

[0089] D1=a1+b1u (2)

[0090] More specifically, in the LY12 aluminum sample used in this embodiment, a1 is a sound velocity of 5.328 mm / μs and b1 is 1.338 mm / μs.

[0091] According to equation (2), the impact insulation relationship between the shock wave pressure P′ and the shock wave particle velocity u of the aluminum sample is obtained, that is, the aluminum sample heat-insulation relationship.

[0092] P′=ρ 01 D1u=ρ 01 (a1+b1u)u (3)

[0093] In the formula, ρ 01 This indicates the initial density of the aluminum substrate.

[0094] S13. Based on the Rain-Gunner-Neu relationship of the aluminum sample and the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample, the PV relationship of the explosive strong detonation products is obtained.

[0095] Specifically, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is expressed as follows:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, v0 represents the initial specific volume, u p1 The value represents the shock wave particle velocity at the interface between the explosive and LiF, P is the shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products, and V is the relative volume of the explosive detonation products.

[0098] It should be noted that the PV relationship of the products of a strong detonation of explosives is obtained through the following method:

[0099] To further describe the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface, the impedance matching method is used, and the solution is obtained graphically. According to equations (1) and (3), we can obtain... Figure 2 Given the shock wave particle velocity u1 and shock wave pressure P1 at point 1, determine the position (P1, u1) of point 1 on the Pu surface. Figure 2 Point 1 on the impact insulation line H1 in the middle.

[0100] When the initial density ρ of the explosive sample being tested 02 With impact impedance ρ 02 D2 is less than the initial density ρ of the aluminum substrate. 01 With impact impedance ρ 01 D1, the shock wave in the aluminum substrate reaches the boundary of the explosive sample under test. The incident shock wave velocity in the sample is D2, and the reflected shock wave velocity in the substrate is D1′. Both have the same intensity. Figure 2Point 2 is located on the impact adiabatic line H2, and its state is (P2, u2). Point 2 must be at a slope of ρ. 02 On the Rayleigh line of D2 (starting from 0), it is also located at a slope of -ρ 01 Point D1 lies on the Rayleigh line (starting from 1); point 2 must also lie on the H2 impact adiabatic line (starting from 0). Simultaneously, line 02 is the Rayleigh line for the explosive sample, with a slope of ρ. 02 D2.02 line and H 12 The intersection point 2 of the lines is the state point behind the shock wave in the explosive sample. The corresponding velocity is the particle velocity behind the shock wave in the explosive sample. Using the Goranson equation, the shock wave pressure P of the strong detonation products of the explosive and the shock wave particle velocity u at the interface between the explosive and LiF can be solved. p1 relation:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, p 21 The shock wave pressure at the interface between the aluminum substrate and the explosive, u p Let u be the shock wave particle velocity at the interface between the aluminum substrate and the explosive, P be the shock wave pressure at the interface between the explosive and LiF, i.e., the shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products, and u be the shock wave velocity at the interface between the explosive and LiF. p1 ρ represents the shock wave particle velocity at the interface between the explosive and LiF. LiF For the density of the LiF window material, C LiF , λ LiF The first and second characteristic constants of the material properties are respectively represented. For example, in this embodiment, C LiF = 5.176 mm / μs, λ LiF =1.353, D p The velocity of the detonation products of the explosive being tested is denoted as .

[0103] Based on the above, the relationship between shock wave pressure and shock wave particle velocity of the explosive's strong detonation products can be obtained through the Rain-Gonne relation of the aluminum specimen. Therefore, the PV relationship of the explosive's strong detonation products can be derived from the Rain-Gonne relation of the aluminum specimen.

[0104] From equation (1), the state point of the shock wave P(u) in the explosive experiment can be obtained. Through the conservation relationship of shock wave quantity, we can obtain...

[0105] P = D1u / v0 (6)

[0106] According to the law of conservation of mass:

[0107]

[0108] And, the relative specific volume V of the explosive detonation products:

[0109] V = v / v0 (8)

[0110] In the formula, v0 represents the initial specific volume of the explosive sample, and v represents the specific volume of the explosive sample after impact.

[0111] The PV relationship for the shock wave particle velocity u based on the aluminum sample is expressed as follows:

[0112] P = u 2 / (1-V)v0 (9)

[0113] Based on the conservation relationships of shock wave quantity, mass, and interface continuity, it can be determined that the shock wave particle velocity u at the interface between the explosive and LiF can be... p1 The shock wave particle velocity u of the aluminum sample in formula (9) is replaced to obtain the shock wave particle velocity u at the interface between the explosive and LiF. p1 The P-V correspondence below yields the PV relationship for the products of a strong detonation of explosives:

[0114]

[0115] S2. Using a real-number genetic algorithm and a γ-law state equation, the JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive are obtained; wherein, the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive is a joint state equation of JWL and γ-law obtained based on the PV relationship of the strong detonation products of the explosive.

[0116] In practice, the state equation for the overpressure detonation of the explosive is expressed as a joint state equation of JWL and γ-law:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, P is the shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products, V is the relative specific volume of the explosive detonation products, m represents the joint parameter, E represents the internal energy of the detonation products, A, B, R1, R2, and ω represent the parameters of the JWL equation of state, and γ represents the multi-way index under the γ-law equation of state.

[0119] Specifically, in the overpressure detonation state, the internal energy E of the detonation products follows the following formula:

[0120] E=P·(1-V) / 2+E0 (12)

[0121] In the formula, E0 represents the internal energy per unit initial volume.

[0122] During implementation, the JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive are obtained through the following steps:

[0123] S21. Set the initial configuration of the real number genetic algorithm and initialize the chromosome population; wherein, the initial configuration includes the range of parameters R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation and the number of chromosomes in the chromosome population, wherein R1, R2, and ω constitute chromosomes as genes of chromosomes, and are represented as chromosome C = (R1, R2, ω).

[0124] Specifically, based on the range of parameters R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation, the number of chromosomes in the initially configured chromosome population is randomly generated to complete the chromosome population initialization.

[0125] For example, the ranges of parameters R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation are set as R1∈[4,5], R2∈[1,2], and ω∈[0.2,0.4]; the number of chromosomes in the chromosome population is set to 100.

[0126] S22. Based on the established chromosome fitness, the chromosomes of the chromosome population are selected, crossed over, and mutated to obtain a new chromosome population; among them, the chromosome fitness function is established based on the pressure of the γ-law state equation.

[0127] Specifically, the chromosome fitness function is expressed as follows:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, F(C) j ) represents the j-th chromosome C in the chromosome population. j Chromosome suitability, p represents the pressure in the JWL detonation product equation of state, p γ The pressure, V, represents the gamma-law state equation. min V max These represent the relative volumes of the smallest and largest explosive detonation products, respectively.

[0130] Specifically, the pressure p in the JWL detonation product equation of state is expressed as:

[0131]

[0132] in,

[0133]

[0134] In the formula, V J p J , ρ0, D J These represent the specific volume, detonation pressure, initial density, and detonation velocity of the explosive under CJ detonation conditions, respectively.

[0135] More specifically, in each iteration, V is in the interval [V min V maxA value is randomly selected from [the data], preferably, V. min =0, V max =3.

[0136] It should be noted that, based on the CJ conditions and the Hugonius relation, three compatibility equations of the JWL state equations are obtained. Furthermore, based on the specific values ​​of parameters R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equations, the calculation formulas for the specific values ​​of parameters A, B, and C in the JWL state equations are derived. Each compatibility equation is expressed as follows:

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, V J p J , ρ0, D J Let represent the specific volume, detonation pressure, initial density, and detonation velocity of the explosive under CJ detonation state, respectively. Let E0 represent the specific internal energy per unit initial volume. Let A, B, C, R1, R2, and ω represent the parameters of the JWL equation of state, respectively.

[0141] Based on equations (15)-(17), we can obtain:

[0142]

[0143] Equation (15) is obtained based on the isentropic line passing through point CJ, Equation (16) is obtained based on the detonation rain-Gunny relation, and Equation (17) is obtained based on the CJ condition for stable propagation of detonation waves where the isentropic line and Rayleigh line are tangent at point CJ.

[0144] Specifically, the pressure expressed in the γ-law state equation is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, p γ γ, D, and D represent the pressure, polyhedral exponent, and detonation velocity under the γ-law equation of state, respectively; where the polyhedral exponent under the γ-law equation of state is expressed as:

[0147]

[0148] It should be noted that, according to equation (13), the fitness of each chromosome in the new population obtained after each iteration, if the chromosome fitness of the chromosomes in the population after two adjacent iterations represents p and the γ-law state equation p γThe smaller the integral of the square of the difference, the higher the accuracy. That is, the smaller the fitness function value, the closer the JWL state equation determined by the chromosome is to the γ-law state equation, and the higher the fitness.

[0149] In practice, a new chromosome population is obtained by performing the following steps:

[0150] S221. Based on chromosome suitability, select chromosomes from the chromosome population and choose two superior chromosomes; among them, the two superior chromosome individuals initially selected from the chromosome population are taken as two initial superior chromosome individuals;

[0151] S222. The two selected superior chromosome individuals are used as parent chromosomes for crossover and mutation to generate corresponding offspring chromosomes, and the parent chromosomes in the chromosome population are updated with the corresponding offspring chromosomes.

[0152] S223. Determine whether the number of offspring chromosomes generated has reached pop-2. If not, repeat steps S221-S223. If so, combine the generated pop-2 offspring chromosomes with the two initial superior chromosomes to generate a new chromosome population.

[0153] Specifically, in step S221, the selection operation of chromosomes in the chromosome population is to select two excellent chromosome individuals from the current chromosome population based on the selection probability, cumulative probability and selection interval using the roulette wheel selection method.

[0154] More specifically, the j-th chromosome C in the chromosome population j The probability of choice p j for:

[0155]

[0156] In the formula, pop represents the number of chromosomes in the chromosome population.

[0157] The j-th chromosome C in the chromosome population j The cumulative probability q j for:

[0158]

[0159] It is understandable that when j = 0, q0 = 0, and when j = pop,

[0160] Chromosome individuals C1, C2, ..., C pop The selection intervals are [0, q1), [q1, q2) ..., [q pop-2 ,q pop-1 ),[q pop-1,q pop ].

[0161] Understandably, based on chromosome C j The selection probability, cumulative probability, and selection interval satisfy the following Table 3.

[0162] Table 3. Probability of choice p in roulette i Cumulative probability q i Select the interval [q] i -1,q i The relationship between )

[0163]

[0164] Specifically, in step S222, the two parent chromosomes are crossed through a hybridization operation to generate the corresponding initial offspring chromosomes; then, based on the mutation probability, the two initial offspring chromosomes are subjected to chromosome mutation to generate offspring chromosomes.

[0165] More specifically, hybridization is performed in the following ways:

[0166]

[0167] In the formula, Represents paternal chromosomes The gene value at position k in the sequence. Represents paternal chromosomes The gene value at position k, O i,k O j,k They represent the paternal chromosomes respectively. The corresponding initial offspring chromosome contains the gene value at position k, where α represents a random number within a set range; if the value of a gene on the chromosome exceeds its corresponding range, a new α is generated for calculation.

[0168] Preferably, the range of α is set to [-0.25, 1.25].

[0169] It should be noted that the purpose of the crossover operation is to combine the numerical information in the chromosomes and increase the dispersion of the population to generate a new search space. The crossover method in this embodiment can make the population more diverse, avoiding the problem of traditional single-point crossover operators easily getting trapped in local optima. Here, a linear weighted strategy of two chromosomes is used, meaning that each gene has a proportional number of crossover points, and negative numbers are allowed in the interval, allowing a gene to crossover multiple times. Furthermore, the actual crossover of a gene may not result in the desired gene being generated; in other words, variation is actually involved.

[0170] For example, as shown in Table 4, the process by which two parent chromosomes produce offspring chromosomes is illustrated.

[0171] Table 4. Gene crossover process

[0172]

[0173] More specifically, initial offspring chromosome variations are achieved through the following methods:

[0174]

[0175] In the formula, C′ j,k Represents the initial offspring chromosome C′ j The gene value at position k, O′ j,k Represents the initial offspring chromosome C′ j The gene value at position k in the mutated offspring chromosome, C max C min These are the initial offspring chromosomes C′. j The upper and lower limits of the gene at position k are given, where r is a random number between [0,1], which determines the direction of chromosome mutation, and t is the current iteration number. max This represents the maximum number of iterations.

[0176] It is understandable that the mutation method in this embodiment can enhance the local search capability of the algorithm, and the mutation amplitude gradually decreases over time, thereby improving the convergence speed of the algorithm and ensuring its convergence.

[0177] S23. Determine whether the stopping criterion has been triggered. If not, use the new chromosome population as the chromosome population for the next iteration, and repeat steps S22 and S23 until the stopping criterion is triggered, and obtain the specific values ​​of parameters A, B, R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation at this time. The stopping criteria include the applicability reaching the expected value, the number of iterations reaching the maximum value, or the applicability not increasing for a consecutive preset number of iterations.

[0178] It should be noted that the specific values ​​of parameters A, B, R1, R2, and ω in the JWL state equation obtained by triggering the stopping criterion are the specific values ​​corresponding to the chromosome with the best fitness at this time; the fitness reaching the expected value in the triggering stopping criterion is that the fitness of any chromosome in the chromosome population is satisfied; if the fitness does not increase for a consecutive preset number of iterations, it means that the fitness of the optimal chromosome has not increased.

[0179] Preferably, the desired applicability is set to 10. -6 The number of consecutive iterations without improving applicability is set to 30.

[0180] S3. Based on the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the JWL equation of state parameters, the joint parameters of the explosive overpressure detonation equation of state are obtained, thereby realizing the parameter calibration of the explosive overpressure detonation equation of state.

[0181] Specifically, the joint parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive are determined in the following manner:

[0182] Substitute the data from the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the parameters of the JWL equation of state into the explosive overpressure detonation equation of state, and use the least squares method to fit and obtain the joint parameters.

[0183] More specifically, the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive described in equation (11) is an implicit form of the PV relationship. To make it explicit, it is converted into an explicit form:

[0184]

[0185] Based on equation (23), the joint parameter m is obtained by fitting the experimental data using the least squares method, as follows:

[0186]

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190]

[0191]

[0192] In the formula, R represents the coefficient of determination, and P i′ The i′th set of PV data represents the estimated pressure of the shock wave from the overpressure detonation products of the explosive. F(P) represents the experimental value of the i′th set of PV data representing the shock wave pressure of the overpressure detonation products of the explosive. i′ V i′ G(P) represents the intermediate variable for the estimated value of the PV data in the i′ group. i′ V i′ ) represents the intermediate variable of the experimental values ​​of the PV data in the i′ group; where represents the PV data of the i′ group represented by the subscript i′.

[0193] Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment provides a parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives. By employing overpressure detonation testing, the particle velocities of the shock wave at the explosive interface are obtained. Then, based on the conservation relationships of shock wave quantity, mass, and interface continuity, the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products is obtained. Using a real-number genetic algorithm and the γ-law state equation, the JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation are obtained. Based on the PV relationship of the explosive detonation products and the JWL state equation parameters, the joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint state equation are obtained, thus completing the parameter calibration of the overpressure detonation state equation and achieving accurate parameter calibration. Furthermore, the low-cost calibration solves the problems of large errors, low operability, and low accuracy in current experimental parameter measurements. It lays the foundation for studying the detonation reaction mechanism of explosives inside composite charges, the calibration of material equations of state, and the energy output response law. It can be applied to explosives in fields such as strong detonation driving, high-amplitude stable wide-pulse loading, one-dimensional large-size, multi-sample synchronous measurement, and material equations of state research, and has good social and economic benefits. By using the conservation relationship of physical quantities before and after the shock wave to obtain the PV relationship of strong detonation products, the WGN curve of explosive detonation products can be accurately obtained, which can provide a basis for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation equation of state in the JWL and γ joint equation form.

[0194] Example 2

[0195] Current methods for testing overpressure detonation of explosives mostly employ rotating mirror high-speed scanning cameras. These cameras measure the propagation velocity-time history of the strong detonation shock wave in different samples. However, due to time errors caused by the gap between the optical probe and the explosive, as well as film reading errors, and interference with the initiation reaction flow field, the method suffers from drawbacks such as reduced shock wave velocity at the sample edges due to edge sparsity, and the waveform curve curving upwards on both sides. These drawbacks lead to large parameter errors in the experimental results, causing significant deviations in the descriptive results. Furthermore, traditional rotating mirror scanning systems use single-beam laser scanning, resulting in slow imaging speeds. Ineffective scanning at angles not only reduces the efficiency of laser use but also prevents improvement in imaging resolution. Furthermore, rotating mirror high-speed scanning cameras suffer from drawbacks such as large size, low test signal quality, and inconvenience in portability. These issues limit the use of rotating mirror scanning systems. Another testing method is to measure the free surface velocity of the test piece using an electric probe. However, because the distance between the probe and the free surface of the test piece often has a significant impact, if the distance is small, only the effect of elastic waves can be sensed; if the distance is large, the combined effect of elastic and plastic waves can be sensed. The output signal cannot distinguish the combined effect of elastic and plastic waves, making it quite difficult to study the high-pressure characteristics of materials using the electric probe method.

[0196] Based on this, this embodiment further improves the parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives in Embodiment 1. It performs overpressure detonation tests on explosives based on an overpressure detonation parameter measurement system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a charge-driving device 1, a laser probe 3, and a measuring device 4.

[0197] like Figure 4 As shown, the drug loading drive device 1 includes: a drug loading module 101, a support sleeve 102, a flyer 103, a limiting plate 104, and a base plate 105; the support sleeve 102 is divided into two sections by the limiting plate 104, one section holds the flyer 103 and the drug loading module 101 in sequence, and the other section holds the base plate 105. The base plate 105 is provided with two sample grooves for placing the test sample;

[0198] The laser probe 3 is positioned directly opposite the two sample grooves. The laser probe 3 is used to emit the laser beam received from the measuring device 4 onto the test sample, receive the laser beam returned from the test sample, and transmit the returned laser beam to the measuring device 4. The measuring device 4 measures the velocity of the shock wave particles based on the returned laser beam.

[0199] In practice, the drug loading drive device 1 also includes a laser probe fixing plate 106; the laser probe fixing plate 106 is disposed on the outer side of the base plate 105 of the support sleeve 102, and has two through holes corresponding to the two sample grooves; the two laser probes 3 are respectively fixed in the two through holes on the laser probe fixing plate 106, and the two laser probes 3 are connected to the measuring device 4.

[0200] Specifically, the limiting plate 104 is movably connected to the supporting sleeve 102, and the limiting plate 104 is I-shaped, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0201] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the support sleeve 102 is an arched structure with openings at both ends of a cylindrical inner cavity; the laser probe fixing plate 106 has two circular through holes, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown.

[0202] In implementation, the charging module 101 includes a detonator 1011, an explosive plane wave lens 1012, and a main charge 1013; the detonator 1011 is connected to the upper end of the explosive plane wave lens 1012 through an opening, the lower end of the explosive plane wave lens 1012 is bonded to one end of the main charge 1013; the other end of the main charge 1013 is bonded to the flyer 103.

[0203] Specifically, the main charge 1013 and the flyer 103 are bonded together by uniformly applying vacuum silicone grease, and the trigger wire 2 is attached to the explosive plane wave lens 1012 with electrical tape.

[0204] Specifically, the diameter of the explosive plane wave lens 1012 is not less than 50 mm, and it is used to form a plane shock wave loading.

[0205] For example, the flyer 103 is a copper flyer, the substrate 105 is an aluminum substrate, and the detonator 1011 is an 8-gauge electric detonator.

[0206] Preferably, the loading drive device 1 further includes a positioning sleeve 107, which is a cylindrical structure adapted to the support sleeve 102, used to fix the position of the base plate 105 in conjunction with the limiting plate 104, such as... Figure 8 As shown. For example, the positioning sleeve 107 is an annular acrylic positioning sleeve.

[0207] Specifically, both sample grooves on the substrate 105 are cylindrical grooves; one sample groove holds an explosive sample 1051 and a LiF window material 1052, while the other sample groove holds an aluminum sample 1053, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, its longitudinal section is as follows Figure 10 As shown. It should be noted that the position and size of the two sample grooves are adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, aluminum sample 1053 is an LY12 aluminum sample.

[0208] More specifically, the LiF window material 1052 has a 0.7µm aluminum film on one side and an antireflective film on the other, allowing it to pass through wavelengths up to 1550nm.

[0209] Understandably, the limiting plate 104 and the positioning sleeve 107 are used to fix the substrate 105 and the sample in axial movement.

[0210] More specifically, the explosive sample 1051 placed in a sample groove on the substrate 105 is bonded to the LiF window material 1052 by applying vacuum silicone grease to its surface to ensure that there is no air gap between the two contact surfaces, and the contact surface between the LiF window material 1052 and the explosive sample 1051 is coated with an aluminum film.

[0211] More specifically, the diameter × thickness of the explosive sample 1051, the aluminum sample 1053, and the LiF window material 1052 are all set to 20mm × 5mm. In order to ensure the one-dimensional wave effect, the lateral dimension should be selected to be large enough but not exceed the catch-up thickness of the rarefaction wave incident at the rear of the flyboard; the width-to-thickness ratio should be at least greater than 2. In specific experiments, considering the uncertainty of the calculated sound velocity, theoretical analysis shows that the side rarefaction angle determines the limitation of the sample width on the thickness, and the side rarefaction angle usually does not exceed 45°.

[0212] When implementing, such as Figure 11 As shown, the measuring device 4 includes an all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401, a laser 402, and an oscilloscope 403; the signal input terminal of the all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401 is connected to two laser probes 3 respectively, and the two laser probes 3 are also connected to two signal output terminals of the laser 402 respectively; the signal output terminal of the all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401 is connected to the signal input terminal of the oscilloscope 403.

[0213] Specifically, laser 402 is connected to laser probe 3 via an output optical fiber; all-fiber laser interferometer velocimeter 401 is connected to oscilloscope 403 and laser 402 via a signal cable.

[0214] Preferably, the explosive overpressure detonation parameter measurement system further includes a trigger line 2; one end of the trigger line 2 is connected to the explosive plane wave lens 1012, and the other end is connected to the signal input terminal of the oscilloscope 403. It should be noted that a trigger signal is transmitted to the oscilloscope 403 via the trigger line 2, and the trigger signal is then transmitted through the oscilloscope 403, thereby activating the all-fiber laser interferometer velocimeter 401 and the laser 402.

[0215] Specifically, trigger line 2 is connected to oscilloscope 403 via a cable.

[0216] Specifically, the oscilloscope 403 is a 10GHz broadband, 4-channel, 40GS / s sampling rate, with 30M of storage per channel to avoid loss of valid signals due to over-screen phenomenon.

[0217] It should be noted that the all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401 is mainly used for continuous observation of displacement or velocity profiles in shock wave physics and detonation physics research. In this embodiment, the measuring device 4 has a time resolution of 50 ps, ​​a relative measurement error of ≤1%, a spatial resolution of 80 nm, a typical velocity measurement accuracy of 1%, a maximum displacement resolution of 300 nm, a measurement depth of field ≥100 mm, and can be used for continuous transient velocity measurement in the range of 0.1 m / s to 4.6 km / s, with a working distance of 100 mm and more than two measurement points.

[0218] During implementation, the laser probe mounting plate 106 is installed in the following manner:

[0219] Two positioning rings 109 are used to position and fix the LiF window material 1052 and the aluminum sample 1053 respectively; wherein, the positioning ring 109 has a through hole on its end face;

[0220] One end of each of the two positioning rods 108 is respectively placed in the through hole on the positioning ring 109;

[0221] The other ends of the two positioning rods 108 are respectively placed in the through holes of the laser probe fixing plate 106. After adjusting the laser probe fixing plate 106 according to the set distance, the two positioning rings 109 and the positioning rods 108 are taken out to complete the installation of the laser probe fixing plate 106.

[0222] The set distance is the distance between the LiF window material 1052 and the laser probe 3, which is determined by the effective measurement range of the measuring device 4.

[0223] Specifically, in this embodiment, the distance between the LiF window material 1052 and the laser probe 3 does not exceed 100mm.

[0224] Specifically, the positioning ring 109 and the positioning rod 108 are connected by threads. The diameter of the through hole on the positioning ring 109 is 3.2mm. The positioning ring 109 is as follows... Figure 12 As shown, the positioning rod 108 is as follows Figure 13 As shown.

[0225] It should be noted that the complete installation process of the charge driving device 1 is as follows:

[0226] Insert the limiting plate 104 into the support sleeve 102, dividing it into two sections. The limiting plate 104 is used for axial (horizontal) positioning to prevent the fly piece 103 from moving axially. Figure 14 As shown;

[0227] Vacuum silicone grease is evenly applied to the end face where the main charge 1013 is connected to the flyer 103, and it is bonded to the flyer 103; after the other end face of the main charge 1013 is bonded to the lower end of the explosive plane wave lens 1012 along the axial direction, a section of the support sleeve 102 is installed.

[0228] The substrate 105 is laid flat, and the explosive sample 1051 is bonded to the cylindrical groove. An appropriate amount of vacuum silicone grease is applied to the surface of the explosive sample 1051 and bonded to the LiF window material 1052 to ensure that there are no air gaps between the contact surfaces to prevent the explosive detonation products from interfering with the laser signal. The contact surfaces of the LiF window material 1052 and the explosive sample 1051 are coated with an aluminum film of about 0.7 μm thickness as a laser signal reflector to ensure that the two can make close contact. The aluminum sample 1053 is fixed in another cylindrical groove of the substrate 105. The substrate 105 is placed into the other section of the support sleeve 102, and the bottom surface of the substrate 105 contacts the limiting plate 104.

[0229] Insert the positioning sleeve 107 from the other end of the support sleeve 102 to press against the substrate 105, ensuring the distance between the flyer piece 1103 and the substrate 105, such as... Figure 15 As shown;

[0230] Two positioning rings 109 are used to position and fix the LiF window material 1052 and the aluminum sample 1053 respectively; wherein, the positioning ring 109 has a through hole on its end face;

[0231] One end of each of the two positioning rods 108 is respectively placed in the through hole on the positioning ring 109, such as Figure 16 As shown;

[0232] The other ends of the two positioning rods 108 are respectively placed in the through holes of the laser probe fixing plate 106. The laser probe fixing plate 106 is adjusted according to the set distance between the LiF window material 1052 and the laser probe 3. Figure 17 and 18 As shown;

[0233] After setting up the laser probe fixing plate 106, remove the two positioning rings 109 and the positioning rod 108 to complete the installation of the laser probe fixing plate 106.

[0234] The laser probe 3 is installed into the two through holes of the laser probe fixing plate 106. The laser probe is fixed with sealing mud so that it is aligned with the center of the explosive sample 1051 and the aluminum sample 1053. The No. 8 electric detonator 1011 is inserted and fixed on the explosive plane lens to complete the installation of the charging drive device 1.

[0235] It should be noted that the working process of the explosive overpressure detonation parameter measurement system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0236] The detonator 1011 detonates the explosive plane wave lens 1012. After the shock wave passes through the explosive plane wave lens 1012, it forms a plane detonation wave, which detonates the main charge 1013. The resulting plane detonation wave drives the flyer 103 to accelerate. After the flyer 103 assembly accelerates in the support sleeve 102, it generates an incident shock wave at a certain speed that impacts the substrate 105, generating a plane shock wave in the substrate 105, which is then transmitted to the test piece.

[0237] Simultaneously, the trigger line 2 fixed on the explosive plane wave lens 1012 is activated, and the trigger signal is transmitted through the cable to trigger the all-fiber laser interferometer velocimeter 401 and the laser 402 to start working. The laser 402 emits laser light, and the laser beam of the corresponding channel of the laser probe 3 is transmitted to the surface of the test piece through the transmission optical fiber and is reflected. The laser probe 3 receives the reflected laser light and transmits it to the all-fiber laser interferometer velocimeter 401 through the optical fiber. The voltage signal after photoelectric conversion is transmitted to the high-performance oscilloscope 403 through the signal cable.

[0238] Finally, before the detonation products drive the LiF window material 1052 to destroy the laser probe 3 in the test specimen, the laser probe 3, mounted on the laser probe fixing plate 106, is vertically aligned with the center of the explosive and LY12 samples, generating a momentary optical signal. At this time, reflected light (reflected laser beam) and transmitted light (emitted laser beam) are generated inside the laser probe 3. Specifically, the emitted laser beam is transmitted to the end face of the explosive sample 1051 and the aluminum sample 1053 through the transmission optical fiber. Subsequently, the laser probe 3 collects the reflected light formed on the surface of the explosive sample 1051 and the aluminum sample 1053 by the transmitted light. The reflected light is transmitted to the laser probe through the optical fiber. In the interferometric velocimeter 401, a Doppler-shifted instantaneous signal light is ultimately formed and transmitted to the all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401 via a signal fiber. The all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401 demodulates the Doppler shift of the reflected laser, converts it into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the oscilloscope 403 via a signal cable. The oscilloscope 403 acquires and stores the voltage signal output by the all-fiber laser interferometric velocimeter 401, and processes it according to the signal frequency of the electrical signal through dedicated processing software, thereby accurately obtaining the continuous change process of the velocity of the explosive sample 1051 and the aluminum sample 1053, and completing the measurement of the shock wave particle velocity in the overpressure detonation parameters of the explosive.

[0239] It is understood that the explosive overpressure detonation parameter measurement system in this embodiment has a simple structure, stable and reliable performance, and has significant advantages such as a wide test speed range, high test signal quality, low cost, small size, easy integration and portability, vibration resistance, high reliability, non-contact measurement, simple instrument operation, short experimental preparation cycle, and low operating cost. It can lay the foundation for studying the calibration of state equation parameters, detonation reaction mechanism, and energy output response law of explosive overpressure detonation.

[0240] Example 3

[0241] Taking the calibration of the state equation of TNT explosive under overpressure detonation as an example, the parameter calibration method of Example 1 is verified. The input explosive parameters are shown in Table 5. Based on the γ-law state equation fitting, the parameters of the JWL state equation are fitted, and the six parameters A, B, R1, R2, and ω in the joint equation of JWL and γ are solved, resulting in the parameters shown in Table 6. Figure 19 The graph shows the variation of the internal energy of TNT detonation products with relative volume. Observing the graph, it can be seen that the proportions and relationships between the three terms in the JWL detonation product internal energy equation change with relative volume. To ensure the physical rationality of the JWL parameters, the following constraints are added to the JWL parameters:

[0242] When the relative volume V of the detonation products is greater than a certain specific value, the sum of the first two terms must be less than the third term, i.e., Aexp(-7R1) / R1 + Bexp(-7R2) / R2 < C7. -ω / ω; Preferably, V>7[20,22];

[0243] When the relative volume V of the detonation products is greater than 2, the first term must be less than the second term, satisfying Aexp(-2R1) / R1 < Bexp(-2R2) / R2. Under high pressure, the first term of the JWL equation of state must be greater than the second term, i.e., Aexp(-V CJ R1) / R1<Bexp(-V CJ R2) / R2; Preferably, the CJ state is selected.

[0244] Figure 20 The graph shows the fitness function values ​​of two types of explosives as a function of the number of iterations. The optimal fitness value changes in stages throughout the iterations. When the population matures, the fitness values ​​of the two types of explosives are both around 0.05, indicating a small pressure difference after evolution. Due to the elite preservation strategy, the optimal individuals in the population do not "degenerate" during evolution, and the fitness function values ​​are basically convergent, indicating that the algorithm converges. The graph shows that when the number of iterations reaches 40, the minimum fitness value is around 0.02, and the average fitness value tends to stabilize in each iteration, indicating that the algorithm has reached the global optimum. Combining the compatibility equation, the PV curve is plotted based on the calculated state equation parameters, as shown below. Figure 21 As shown.

[0245] Furthermore, the simplified γ-law equation of state for detonation products was used to fit the parameters of the JWL equation of state, and the fitting results were compared with experimental results, such as... Figure 22 and 23 As shown, the deviations in the PV curves for these two explosives are relatively small. To quantitatively analyze the similarity between the identification curve and the standard curve, a coefficient of determination R is introduced. 2 =1-(S) SE -S ST ), S SE S is the sum of squared errors. ST R is the sum of squares of the differences between the experimental data and the mean. 2 The value range of is [0,1], indicating that the R value of the identification curve is... 2 The closer the value is to 1, the better the fit with the standard curve. Calculations showed that the coefficients of determination for the PV curves of the JWL state equations for TNT and CompB were both greater than 0.99. This indicates the effectiveness and high accuracy of the JWL state equation parameters obtained based on the real-number genetic algorithm and γ-law state equation fitting, with a high degree of fit.

[0246] Furthermore, the data obtained from the overpressure detonation experiment were substituted into formula (8) to calibrate the complete overpressure detonation state equation. The specific parameters are shown in Table 6.

[0247] Table 5 Parameters of Explosive Materials

[0248]

[0249] Table 6. Fitting results of the equation of state parameters for the overpressure detonation products of explosives.

[0250]

[0251] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0252] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating the parameters of the overpressure detonation state equation of an explosive, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: By employing overpressure detonation testing of explosives, the particle velocities of shock waves at the explosive interface are obtained. Then, based on the conservation relationships of shock wave quantity, mass, and interface continuity, the detonation products of the explosives are derived. P - V Relationship, among which, P The shock wave pressure of the explosive detonation products. V The relative volume of the explosive detonation products is given by the following method. P - V relation: Based on the physical parameters and working conditions of the explosive overpressure detonation test, the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample and the shock wave particle velocity in the aluminum sample are obtained. Based on the shock wave particle velocity and impedance matching method in the aluminum sample, the argon-German relationship of the aluminum sample is obtained. Based on the Rain-Gonne relationship of the aluminum sample and the shock wave particle velocity at the explosive interface in the explosive sample, the explosive detonation products are obtained. P - V relation; The JWL state equation parameters in the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives are obtained using a real-number genetic algorithm and a γ-law state equation; wherein, the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives is based on the detonation products of the explosives. P - V The joint state equations of JWL and γ-law obtained from the relation; Based on the detonation products of the explosive P - V By determining the relationship and JWL state equation parameters, the joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint state equations are obtained, thus completing the parameter calibration of the overpressure detonation state equations for explosives. The overpressure detonation test of explosives is carried out based on the overpressure detonation parameter measurement system of explosives. The overpressure detonation parameter measurement system of explosives includes: a charge driving device (1), a laser probe (3) and a measuring device (4). The charge-driving device (1) includes: a charge module (101), a support sleeve (102), a flyer (103), a limiting plate (104), and a base plate (105); the support sleeve (102) is divided into two sections by the limiting plate (104), one section holds the flyer (103) and the charge module (101) in sequence, and the other section holds the base plate (105). The base plate (105) is provided with two sample grooves for placing the test samples; one sample groove holds an explosive sample (1051) and a LiF window material (1052), and the other sample groove holds an aluminum sample (1053). The laser probe (3) is positioned directly opposite the two sample grooves. The laser probe (3) is used to emit the laser beam received from the measuring device (4) to the test sample, receive the laser beam returned from the test sample, and transmit the returned laser beam to the measuring device (4). The measuring device (4) measures the velocity of the shock wave particles based on the returned laser beam.

2. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The products of the explosive detonation P - V The relationship is represented as: ； In the formula, Indicates the initial specific volume. This represents the velocity of the shock wave particles at the interface between the explosive and LiF.

3. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The JWL state equation parameters are obtained through the following steps: S21. Set the initial configuration of the real-number genetic algorithm and initialize the chromosome population; wherein, the initial configuration includes the parameters in the JWL state equation. R 1. R 2. ω The range and the number of chromosomes in the chromosome population, the R 1. R 2. ω Genes, which are chromosomes, constitute chromosomes; S22. Based on the established chromosome fitness, the chromosomes of the chromosome population are selected, crossed over, and mutated to obtain a new chromosome population; among which, the chromosome fitness function is established based on the pressure of the γ-law state equation. S23. Determine if the stopping criterion has been triggered. If not, use the new chromosome population as the chromosome population for the next iteration, and repeat steps S22 and S23 until the stopping criterion is triggered, obtaining the parameters A, B, ... in the JWL state equation at this point. R 1. R 2. The specific value of ω; among which, the stopping criteria include the applicability reaching the expected value, the number of iterations reaching the maximum value, or the applicability not increasing for the preset number of iterations consecutively.

4. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 3, characterized in that, A new chromosome population is obtained by performing the following steps: S221. Based on chromosome suitability, select chromosomes from the chromosome population and choose two superior chromosomes; among them, the two superior chromosome individuals initially selected from the chromosome population are taken as two initial superior chromosome individuals; S222. The two selected superior chromosome individuals are used as parent chromosomes for crossover and mutation to generate corresponding offspring chromosomes, and the parent chromosomes in the chromosome population are updated with the corresponding offspring chromosomes. S223. Determine whether the number of offspring chromosomes generated has reached pop-2. If not, repeat steps S221-S223. If so, combine the generated pop-2 offspring chromosomes with the two initial superior chromosomes to generate a new chromosome population.

5. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two parent chromosomes are crossed to generate the corresponding initial offspring chromosomes; then, based on the mutation probability, the two initial offspring chromosomes are subjected to chromosome mutation to generate offspring chromosomes.

6. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 5, characterized in that, Hybridization can be performed in the following ways: ； In the formula, Represents paternal chromosomes In the middle of k The gene value of the locus, Represents paternal chromosomes In the middle of k The gene value of the locus, , They represent the paternal chromosomes respectively. , In the corresponding initial offspring chromosomes, at the first k The gene value of the locus, This represents a random number within a specified range.

7. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 6, characterized in that, Initial offspring chromosome variation is performed using the following methods: ； In the formula, Represents the initial offspring chromosome In the middle of k The gene value of the locus, Represents the initial offspring chromosome In the mutated offspring chromosomes, the first k The gene value of the locus, , These are the initial offspring chromosomes. In the middle of k The upper and lower limits of a gene locus. r It is a random number between [0,1] that determines the direction of chromosome mutation. t This represents the current iteration number. This represents the maximum number of iterations.

8. The parameter calibration method for the overpressure detonation state equation of explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint parameters of the JWL and γ-law joint state equations are determined in the following manner: The products of the explosive detonation P - V Substituting the data in the relation and the parameters of the JWL state equation into the overpressure detonation state equation of the explosive, the joint parameters are obtained by fitting using the least squares method.

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