A human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment under explosion environment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of test model, and especially relates to a human test model suitable for personnel damage assessment under explosive environment, which comprises a head part, the head part comprising an upper skull and a lower skull connected with the upper skull; a neck part arranged at the bottom of the head part; a chest part connected with the neck part, the chest part comprising a support framework, chest muscle simulation and simulated sternum arranged at the front side of the support framework; an abdomen part arranged below the chest part and connected with the support framework of the chest part; a hip part connected with the abdomen part; a leg part movably connected with the hip part, and the lower end of the leg part is provided with a foot part. The present application has simple structure, and is provided with multiple sensors inside, can test the biomechanical data under the action of explosive load, and can be applied in the test of personnel damage assessment and personnel protection under the action of explosive load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing model technology, and in particular to a human testing model suitable for assessing personnel injury in an explosive environment. Background Technology

[0002] Injury assessment in explosive environments has been a key focus of personnel safety protection research in recent years. Human equivalent models can replace real human bodies in injury assessment testing, playing a crucial role in the development of research on personnel safety protection in explosive environments.

[0003] Currently, most existing damage testing dummies use the expensive Hybrid III dummies designed for automotive crash testing. The specificity and high cost of Hybrid III dummies limit their application in destructive testing. Therefore, developing a simple human testing model that is convenient to test, low-cost, reliable, and applicable is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment in explosive environments. Based on human anatomy, the head, neck, chest, abdomen, buttocks, legs, and feet of the human test model are simplified and designed to simulate the biomechanical response characteristics of the real human body. It can serve as a substitute for personnel in explosive environments to undertake experimental tasks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment in explosive environments includes a model body comprising: a head component, which includes an upper skull and a lower skull connected to the upper skull; a neck component located at the bottom of the head component; a chest component connected to the neck component, which includes a supporting skeleton, simulated chest muscles and a simulated sternum located on the front side of the supporting skeleton; an abdominal component located below the chest component and connected to the supporting skeleton of the chest component; a hip component connected to the abdominal component; and a leg component movably connected to the hip component, with a foot component located at the lower end of the leg component.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, and referencing human anatomy, the head, neck, chest, abdomen, buttocks, legs, and feet of the human test model were simplified and designed, simulating the biomechanical response characteristics of the real human body. This meets the equivalence requirements for testing personnel injury parameters under explosive loads and can serve as a substitute for personnel in experimental tasks in explosive environments. This human test model is convenient to test, low in cost, and reliable in performance. Furthermore, the model is reusable, saving testing costs and playing an important role in personnel injury assessment and protection under explosive loads.

[0008] Preferably, the upper and lower skulls of the head component are both rectangular structures, and the upper and lower skulls are connected by four symmetrically distributed bolts. A first blind hole is provided in the middle of the lower skull, and a head acceleration sensor is provided in the first blind hole. The head acceleration sensor is located at the center of mass of the head component and is used to measure the acceleration response of the head component.

[0009] Preferably, the neck component includes multiple neck metal plates, multiple neck silicone pads, and multiple neck rubber straps. The multiple neck metal plates are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a neck silicone pad is provided between two adjacent neck metal plates. Each neck metal plate is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a fourth through hole. The multiple neck metal plates are connected by neck rubber straps that pass through the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole. A first sphere is provided at the middle position of each neck silicone pad, and the first sphere protrudes from the upper surface and the lower surface of the neck silicone pad. A first upper spherical groove is provided at the middle position of the upper surface of the neck metal plate, and a first lower spherical groove is provided at the middle position of the lower surface of the neck metal plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution: the mechanical properties of the neck component are adjusted by adjusting the pretension of the neck rubber strap, which makes it easier to meet the requirements of test subjects of different age groups for the mechanical response characteristics of the neck component; among them, the number of neck metal plates and neck silicone pads can be increased or decreased for people of different heights and body proportions, which is simple and convenient to configure and improves the applicability of the neck component.

[0011] Preferably, the support frame is an integral rectangular cavity structure, and the simulated chest muscles and simulated sternum are sequentially fixed to the front side of the support frame by bolts; a chest shock wave sensor is installed on the simulated sternum, and a chest displacement sensor is provided inside the support frame. The chest shock wave sensor and the chest displacement sensor can respectively measure the shock wave pressure and inward displacement of the chest component.

[0012] Preferably, the abdominal component includes abdominal muscles and a lumbar component located on the posterior side of the abdominal muscles.

[0013] Preferably, the lumbar spine component includes multiple lumbar spine metal plates, multiple lumbar spine silicone pads, and multiple lumbar spine rubber straps. The multiple lumbar spine metal plates are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the multiple lumbar spine metal plates are connected by lumbar spine rubber straps. A lumbar spine silicone pad is provided between two adjacent lumbar spine metal plates.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution: In order to meet the lumbar spine biomechanical performance requirements for people of different ages and with different physical characteristics, the biomechanical performance of lumbar spine components can be simulated by adjusting the pretension force of the lumbar rubber strap.

[0015] Preferably, the hip component includes an upper connecting plate, a support plate, a lower connecting plate, and a hip joint. The upper connecting plate is connected to the lower connecting plate via the support plate, and the hip joint is clearance-fitted with the support plate.

[0016] Preferably, the support plate is provided with a first square hole, and a hip acceleration sensor is provided in the first square hole. The hip acceleration sensor is used to test the acceleration response of the hip component.

[0017] Preferably, the leg component includes a thigh component, a knee joint, a knee joint cushion, a first lower leg component, and a second lower leg component. The thigh component is connected to the first lower leg component and the second lower leg component in sequence through the knee joint and the knee joint cushion, respectively. A cylindrical cavity is provided in the center of the thigh component. A leg force sensor is provided at the bottom of the first lower leg component. The leg force sensor is used to test the pressure response of the leg component.

[0018] Preferably, the human test model further includes a thermochromic layer covering the head, neck, chest, abdomen, buttocks, legs, and feet.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature-changing layer can be selected according to the temperature tolerance limit of various parts of the human body, and the temperature-changing layer can undergo reversible changes, which can realize the visual characterization of the surface temperature of a simple human body test model.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention simplifies the design of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, buttocks, legs and feet of the human test model by referring to the human anatomical structure, and simulates the mechanical response characteristics of the real human body. It can meet the equivalence requirements for personnel injury parameter testing under explosive load and can serve as a substitute for personnel to undertake test tasks in an explosive environment.

[0022] 2. This invention is equipped with multiple sensors, which facilitates the testing of biomechanical data of a simplified human body test model under explosive loads, resulting in high reliability and more convenient testing.

[0023] 3. This invention features convenient testing, low cost, and reliable performance. Furthermore, the human test model is reusable, which can save testing costs and plays an important role in personnel injury assessment and personnel protection under explosive loads.

[0024] 4. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to test. It can be applied to personnel injury assessment and personnel protection research and testing in explosive environments. The overall mass and the mass of each component of the human body test model are close to the average mass of the 50th percentile of real human bodies in China. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the head component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower skull structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the neck component in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper surface of the neck metal plate in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the chest component in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abdominal component in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lumbar spine component in this invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buttock component in this invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the leg component in this invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the neck silicone pad in this invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the lower surface structure of the neck metal plate in this invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 10 Head components; 11 Upper skull; 12 Lower skull; 121 Through hole; 122 Head accelerometer; 123 First blind hole;

[0039] 20 Neck component; 21 Neck metal plate; 211 First through hole; 212 Second through hole; 213 Third through hole; 214 Fourth through hole; 215 First upper spherical groove; 216 First lower spherical groove; 22 Neck silicone pad; 221 First sphere; 23 Neck rubber strap;

[0040] 30 Chest component; 31 Support frame; 32 Chest displacement sensor; 33 Simulated chest muscles; 34 Simulated sternum; 35 Chest shock wave sensor;

[0041] 40 Abdominal components; 41 Lumbar components; 411 Lumbar metal plate; 412 Lumbar silicone pad; 413 Lumbar rubber strap; 42 Abdominal muscles;

[0042] 50 Hip component; 51 Upper connecting plate; 52 Support ring; 53 Hip joint; 54 Lower connecting plate; 55 Support plate; 56 First square hole; 57 Chest displacement sensor;

[0043] 60 Leg component; 61 Thigh component; 62 Knee joint; 63 Knee joint cushioning pad; 64 First lower leg component; 65 Second lower leg component; 66 Hip accelerometer; 70 Foot component. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, thereby making a clearer definition of the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments described in this invention are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Reference Figure 1-2A human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment in an explosive environment includes a model body comprising: a head component 10, which includes an upper skull 11 and a lower skull 12 connected to the upper skull 11; a neck component 20 disposed at the bottom of the head component 10; a chest component 30 connected to the neck component 20, which includes a supporting skeleton 31 and simulated chest muscles 33 and a simulated sternum 34 disposed on the front side of the supporting skeleton 31; an abdominal component 40 disposed below the chest component 30 and connected to the supporting skeleton 31 of the chest component 30; a hip component 50 connected to the abdominal component 40; and a leg component 60 movably connected to the hip component 50, with a foot component 70 disposed at the lower end of the leg component 60.

[0046] In this embodiment, the head component 10 is connected to the chest component 30 via the neck component 20, the chest component 30 is connected to the abdomen component 40, the abdomen component 40 is connected to the buttocks component 50, the buttocks component 50 is connected to the leg component 60, and the leg component 60 is connected to the foot component 70. The upper skull 11 and lower skull 12 of the head component 10 are connected by bolts, facilitating the installation and removal of the head accelerometer sensor during subsequent testing. More specifically, to simulate the biomechanical response characteristics of the real human body, the neck component 20 can move relative to the chest component 30, and the leg component 60 can move relative to the buttocks component 50. The joint freedom of this human test model basically conforms to the joint freedom of the real human body, simulating the movement trend of a person after being subjected to an explosive load, and meeting the testing requirements for personnel injury under explosive loads.

[0047] Specifically, refer to Figures 3-4 The head component 10 comprises an upper skull 11 and a lower skull 12, both rectangular structures connected by four symmetrically distributed bolts. Both the upper and lower skulls are made of polyamide. A first blind hole 123 is located in the center of the lower skull 12, within which a head acceleration sensor 122 is installed. The head acceleration sensor 122 is positioned at the center of mass of the head component 10 and measures the acceleration response of the head component 10. In practical applications, the head acceleration sensor 122 is mounted on the lower skull 12 using connecting bolts, and its signal line is led out through a through hole 121 in the lower skull 12.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figures 5-6 and attached Figures 12-13The neck support 20 includes multiple neck metal plates 21, multiple neck silicone pads 22, and multiple neck rubber straps 23. The multiple neck metal plates 21 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a neck silicone pad 22 is provided between two adjacent neck metal plates 21. Each neck metal plate 21 is provided with a first through hole 211, a second through hole 212, a third through hole 213, and a fourth through hole 214. The multiple neck metal plates 21 are connected by neck rubber straps 23 that pass through the first through hole 211, the second through hole 212, the third through hole 213, and the fourth through hole 214. A first sphere 221 is provided in the middle of each neck silicone pad 22, and the first sphere 221 protrudes from the upper surface and the lower surface of the neck silicone pad 22, respectively. A first upper spherical groove 215 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the neck metal plate 21, and a first lower spherical groove 216 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the neck metal plate 21.

[0049] In this embodiment, during practical application, the mechanical properties of the neck component 20 can be adjusted by regulating the pretension of the neck rubber straps 23. This facilitates meeting the requirements of different age groups for the mechanical response characteristics of the neck component 20. The number of neck metal plates 21 and neck silicone pads 22 can be increased or decreased for people of different heights and body proportions, making configuration simple and convenient and improving the applicability of the neck component. Here, the neck component is composed of six neck metal plates 21 and five neck silicone pads 22 connected by four neck rubber straps 23. The top and bottom neck metal plates 21 also have side holes, allowing the neck rubber straps 23 to pass through the holes from top to bottom to connect all the neck metal plates together. They then exit through the side holes, and the two ends of the straps are connected by special clamps. By changing the length of the neck rubber straps 23, the pretension of the neck rubber straps 23 can be adjusted to regulate the mechanical response characteristics of the neck component 20, facilitating the meeting of the requirements of different age groups for the mechanical response characteristics of the neck component 20, and enabling researchers to accurately assess personal injuries.

[0050] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 The supporting frame 31 is an integral rectangular cavity structure made of aluminum alloy. The simulated chest muscles 33 and simulated sternum 34 are sequentially bolted to the front of the supporting frame 31. The simulated chest muscles 33 are made of human silicone, with an acoustic impedance similar to human skin. The simulated sternum 34 is made of polyvinyl chloride, and the vertical compressive stiffness of the chest component 30 is similar to that of the human body. A chest shock wave sensor 35 is installed on the simulated sternum 34, and a chest displacement sensor 32 is installed inside the supporting frame 31. The chest shock wave sensor 35 and the chest displacement sensor 32 can respectively measure the shock wave pressure and inward displacement of the chest component 30.

[0051] In this embodiment, in practical application, the material of the chest simulated muscle 33 is human silicone with a Shore hardness of 10. The chest shock wave sensor 35 adopts a piezoelectric shock wave sensor to measure the shock wave acting on the chest of the human test model. The chest displacement sensor 32 adopts a mechanical displacement sensor to measure the inward displacement of the chest component, thereby being applied to personnel injury assessment.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Figures 8-9 The abdominal component 40 includes abdominal muscles 42 and a lumbar spine component 41 located on the posterior side of the abdominal muscles 42. The lumbar spine component 41 includes multiple lumbar metal plates 411, multiple lumbar silicone pads 412, and multiple lumbar rubber straps 413. The multiple lumbar metal plates 411 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom and connected by lumbar rubber straps 413. A lumbar silicone pad 412 is provided between adjacent lumbar metal plates 411. The structure of the lumbar silicone pad 412 is the same as that of the aforementioned neck silicone pad 22, but their sizes differ; therefore, it will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In this embodiment, the abdominal muscle 42 is made of rubber and wraps around the outside of the lumbar spine component 41, simulating the soft tissue of the human abdomen. The material size and mass of the abdominal component 40 are close to those of a real human body, ensuring the reliability of the biomechanical data test results of the simplified human body test model under explosive load. To meet the requirements for lumbar spine mechanical performance for individuals of different ages and body characteristics, the pretension of the lumbar rubber strap 413 can be adjusted to simulate the mechanical performance of the lumbar spine component 41. Specifically, the metal-silicone composite structure of the lumbar spine component 41 provides support for the overall structure of the human body test model. Furthermore, based on the material properties of the lumbar rubber strap 413 and the lumbar silicone pad 412, the lumbar spine component 41 can simulate the bending deformation of the human lumbar spine under stress.

[0054] Specifically, refer to Figure 10 The hip joint 50 includes an upper connecting plate 51, a support plate 55, a lower connecting plate 54, and a hip joint 53. The upper connecting plate 51 is connected to the lower connecting plate 54 via the support plate 55, and the hip joint 53 is clearance-fitted with the support plate 55. In practical applications, the hip joint 53 and the support plate 55 are axially positioned via a support ring 52, and the hip joint 53 can rotate freely around its central axis to simulate the movement characteristics of the human body after being subjected to an explosive impact.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 10The support plate 55 is provided with a first square hole 56, and a hip acceleration sensor 57 is disposed in the first square hole 56. The hip acceleration sensor 57 is used to test the acceleration response of the hip component. In practical applications, the hip acceleration sensor 57 is installed at the center of mass of the hip component 50 to facilitate testing the impact acceleration at the center of mass of the hip component 50.

[0056] Specifically, refer to Figure 11 The leg component 60 includes a thigh component 61, a knee joint 62, a knee joint cushioning pad 63, a first lower leg component 64, and a second lower leg component 65. The thigh component 61 is connected to the first lower leg component 64 and the second lower leg component 65 in sequence through the knee joint 62 and the knee joint cushioning pad 63, respectively. A cylindrical cavity is provided in the center of the thigh component 61 to ensure the equivalence of the mass and moment of inertia of the leg component with that of a real human body. A leg force sensor 66 is provided at the bottom of the first lower leg component 64. The leg force sensor 66 is used to test the pressure response of the leg component.

[0057] In this embodiment, the leg force sensor 66 is used to connect the foot component 70 and the first lower leg component 64. After the foot component 70 is subjected to an explosive impact load, the foot component 70 transmits the force to the leg force sensor 66. Since the mass, center of mass and moment of inertia of the leg component 60 and the foot component 70 are relatively close to those of the real human body, the leg force sensor 66 can accurately test the tibial force curve of the simplified human body test model after being subjected to an explosive load.

[0058] Specifically, the human body testing model also includes a thermochromic layer covering the head component 10, neck component 20, chest component 30, abdomen component 40, buttocks component 50, leg component 60, and foot component 70. In practical applications, the thermochromic layer here is selected based on the temperature tolerance upper limit of each part of the human body, with a thermochromic threshold corresponding to the temperature change threshold. The thermochromic layer can undergo reversible changes, enabling the visualization of the surface temperature of the simplified human body testing model. Specifically, the outer surface of the human body testing model, i.e., the base material of the human body testing model, is covered with a thermochromic material. Under the action of an explosive environment, it can undergo a reversible color change, allowing testers to intuitively observe the temperature changes on the surface of the human body testing model, thus achieving visualization of the temperature changes of the human body testing model.

[0059] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to test. It can be applied to personnel injury assessment and personnel protection research and testing in explosive environments. The overall mass and the mass of each component of the human body test model are close to the average mass of the 50th percentile of real human bodies in China. By simplifying the human anatomical structure and combining the material selection of each component, the human body test model solves the contradiction between the complex structure of the dummy and mechanical simulation.

[0060] The descriptions and practices disclosed in this invention are readily apparent and understandable to those skilled in the art, and various modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of this invention. Therefore, any modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment in explosive environments, comprising a model body, characterized in that, The model ontology includes: Head component (10), the head component (10) includes an upper skull (11) and a lower skull (12) connected to the upper skull (11). A neck member (20) is disposed at the bottom of the head member (10); Chest component (30), which is connected to neck component (20), the chest component (30) includes a support frame (31), and simulated chest muscles (33) and simulated sternum (34) located on the front side of the support frame (31). Abdominal component (40), the abdominal component (40) is located below the chest component (30), and the abdominal component (40) is connected to the supporting frame (31) of the chest component (30); The hip part (50) is connected to the abdominal part (40); A leg component (60) is movably connected to a hip component (50), and a foot component (70) is provided at the lower end of the leg component (60). The upper skull (11) and lower skull (12) of the head component (10) are both rectangular structures. The upper skull (11) and lower skull (12) are connected by four symmetrically distributed bolts. A first blind hole (123) is provided in the middle of the lower skull (12). A head acceleration sensor (122) is provided in the first blind hole (123). The head acceleration sensor (122) is located at the center of mass of the head component (10). The head acceleration sensor (122) is used to measure the acceleration response of the head component (10). The neck fitting (20) includes multiple neck metal plates (21), multiple neck silicone pads (22), and multiple neck rubber straps (23). The multiple neck metal plates (21) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a neck silicone pad (22) is provided between two adjacent neck metal plates (21). Each neck metal plate (21) is provided with a first through hole (211), a second through hole (212), a third through hole (213), and a fourth through hole (214). The multiple neck metal plates (21) are connected by passing through the first through hole (211). 211), The neck rubber straps (23) of the second through hole (212), the third through hole (213) and the fourth through hole (214) are connected; A first sphere (221) is provided in the middle of each neck silicone pad (22), and the first sphere (221) protrudes from the upper surface and the lower surface of the neck silicone pad (22) respectively; A first upper spherical groove (215) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the neck metal plate (21), and a first lower spherical groove (216) is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the neck metal plate (21); The supporting frame (31) is an integral rectangular cavity structure. The simulated chest muscles (33) and simulated sternum (34) are sequentially fixed to the front side of the supporting frame (31) by bolts. A chest shock wave sensor (35) is installed on the simulated sternum (34). A chest displacement sensor (32) is provided inside the supporting frame (31). The chest shock wave sensor (35) and chest displacement sensor (32) can respectively measure the shock wave pressure and inward displacement of the chest component (30). Among them, the material of the chest muscle simulation (33) is human silicone, and the material of the sternum simulation (34) is polyvinyl chloride; The abdominal component (40) includes an abdominal muscle (42) and a lumbar component (41) located on the posterior side of the abdominal muscle (42). The lumbar spine component (41) includes multiple lumbar spine metal plates (411), multiple lumbar spine silicone pads (412), and multiple lumbar spine rubber straps (413). The multiple lumbar spine metal plates (411) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The multiple lumbar spine metal plates (411) are connected to each other by lumbar spine rubber straps (413), and a lumbar spine silicone pad (412) is provided between two adjacent lumbar spine metal plates (411).

2. The human body testing model for personnel injury assessment in an explosive environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hip component (50) includes an upper connecting plate (51), a support plate (55), a lower connecting plate (54), and a hip joint (53). The upper connecting plate (51) is connected to the lower connecting plate (54) through the support plate (55), and the hip joint (53) is in clearance fit with the support plate (55).

3. The human body testing model for personnel injury assessment in an explosive environment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support plate (55) is provided with a first square hole (56), and a hip acceleration sensor (57) is provided in the first square hole (56). The hip acceleration sensor (57) is used to test the acceleration response of the hip component.

4. The human body testing model for personnel injury assessment in an explosive environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The leg component (60) includes a thigh component (61), a knee joint (62), a knee joint cushion (63), a first lower leg component (64), and a second lower leg component (65). The thigh component (61) is connected to the first lower leg component (64) and the second lower leg component (65) in sequence through the knee joint (62) and the knee joint cushion (63), respectively. A cylindrical cavity is provided in the center of the thigh component (61). A leg force sensor (66) is provided at the bottom of the first lower leg component (64). The leg force sensor (66) is used to test the pressure response of the leg component.

5. A human test model suitable for personnel injury assessment in an explosive environment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The human test model also includes a thermochromic layer covering the head component (10), neck component (20), chest component (30), abdomen component (40), buttock component (50), leg component (60) and foot component (70).

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