High temperature resistant pressure vessel head and processing method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of container head processing technology and discloses a high-temperature pressure vessel head, including a head body. A fixing ring is welded and fixed to the top of the head body. Limiting grooves are formed at equal angles on the outer side of the fixing ring. A reinforcing body is welded and fixed to the inner side of the head body. The outer side of the reinforcing body contacts the inner side of the head body. A reinforcing base plate is fixedly installed on the top of the reinforcing body, located on the inner side of the fixing ring. This invention allows for the adjustment of the position of the spot welding blocks during the spot welding process to accommodate pressure vessels with varying dimensions, ensuring complete welding at all points. The evenly angled spot welding blocks also guarantee even-angle welding, ensuring welding stability. Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs and reinforcing base plate can partially transfer the pressure on the head to the container, reducing the pressure on the head itself and improving the installation stability and high-pressure resistance of the head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of container head processing technology, specifically a high-temperature pressure vessel head and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature pressure vessel heads are key components in pressure vessel equipment, primarily used to seal the vessel and prevent leakage of internal substances. They also support the vessel against internal pressure, ensuring its strength and rigidity. The head is welded to the vessel body, forming a pressure-bearing shell that provides the necessary space for material storage and physical, chemical reactions, and other technological applications. Furthermore, heads have wide applications in petrochemicals, nuclear power generation, and aerospace. In the petrochemical industry, heads are mainly used in the production processes of chemical spherical tanks, cracking furnace refining equipment, and urea synthesis towers. In the nuclear power industry, heads are used in the manufacture of nuclear power plant pressurizers, nuclear power steam generators, and nuclear power accumulators. High-temperature pressure vessel heads are indispensable components of pressure vessels, possessing characteristics such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties, playing a vital role in multiple fields.

[0003] Common high-temperature pressure vessel heads are mainly made of materials such as stainless steel. They are mainly used for sealing high-temperature pressure vessels. During use, they are connected to the pressure vessel by welding. Welding is generally done by spot welding. However, due to the irregularities that may exist in the pressure vessel during manufacturing, some points may not be completely welded during spot welding. It is also difficult to achieve welding at equal angles, resulting in a decrease in welding quality.

[0004] Meanwhile, there are still some problems in the processing of high-temperature pressure vessel heads. For example, non-compliant manufacturing processes or improper material selection may lead to a decrease in the strength and high-temperature resistance of the head, increasing the risk of failure. For example, the chemical composition, mechanical properties and heat treatment process of the material will affect the performance of the head. Therefore, the processing method of high-temperature pressure vessel heads still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature resistant pressure vessel head and its processing method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-temperature pressure vessel head, comprising a head body, a fixing ring welded and fixed to the top of the head body, a limiting groove formed at equal angles on the outer side of the fixing ring, a reinforcing body welded and fixed to the inner side of the head body, the outer side of the reinforcing body contacting the inner side of the head body, a reinforcing base plate fixedly installed at the top of the reinforcing body on the inner side of the fixing ring, a limiting post movably sleeved inside the limiting groove, the limiting post being displaced relative to the limiting groove, a slot formed at equal angles at the top of the reinforcing base plate behind the limiting post, and reinforcing ribs welded at equal angles inside the reinforcing body;

[0007] During the processing of the above structure, the fixing ring and the end cap body need to be welded together using a welding machine. After welding, the outer side of the fixing ring needs to be drilled at equal angles using a drilling machine to create the limiting groove. After drilling, the limiting post and the limiting groove are fitted together. After fitting together, the limiting plate is placed at the rear end of the limiting post, and the locking post is inserted into the slot. The limiting plate and the limiting post are then welded together to complete the fixation. Before processing the reinforcing body, reinforcing ribs need to be welded at equal intervals. After welding, the reinforcing base plate needs to be welded to the top of the reinforcing body. At the same time, the outer side of the reinforcing body is welded to the inner side of the end cap body to complete the entire processing.

[0008] A method for processing a high-temperature pressure vessel head includes the following steps:

[0009] S1: Material preparation and pretreatment. 316L stainless steel is used as the manufacturing material for the end cap. According to the size and shape requirements of the end cap, the 316L stainless steel sheet is cut to obtain the sheet with the preliminary shape.

[0010] S2: Hot stamping forming. The pre-treated 316L stainless steel sheet is placed in a hot stamping machine for stamping. After stamping, the end cap is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0011] S3: Weld treatment. For the end caps that need to be spliced, welding equipment is used for welding. After welding is completed, the weld is ground and polished to remove welding residue and burrs.

[0012] S4: Finishing and finishing. The end cap is finished using a CNC cutting machine. The CNC cutting machine performs precise cutting and drilling operations on the end cap to ensure that the size and shape of the end cap meet the design requirements. Finally, a polishing machine is used to polish the surface of the end cap.

[0013] S5: Inspection and Testing. Strict inspection and testing are carried out on the finished end caps, including but not limited to visual inspection, non-destructive testing, pressure testing, and high-temperature testing.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a limiting plate is installed at the rear end of each limiting post, the limiting plate is located on the inner side of the fixing ring, and a locking post is installed at the bottom end of each limiting plate.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the locking post and the locking groove are movably engaged, and when the rear end of the spot welding block contacts the inner side of the limiting groove, the locking post is located at the rear end position of the locking groove.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the 316L stainless steel needs to be thoroughly cleaned with a cleaning agent and a brush before cutting to remove oil stains and oxides and ensure the cleanliness of the plate surface.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, during the hot stamping process, the heating temperature of the hot stamping machine is 1050℃, and it is necessary to ensure that the sheet metal is heated evenly. When the sheet metal reaches the appropriate temperature, the stamping machine is started, the stamping speed is 8mm / s, and the stamping pressure is maintained at 800 tons to ensure the shape and dimensional accuracy of the end cap.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when processing the weld, before welding with the welding equipment, firstly, the oxides and impurities in the weld area are cleaned with a grinding wheel and a grinding head to ensure the cleanliness of the weld area. Then, according to the welding process requirements, the parameters of the welding equipment are set as follows: welding current of 200A, welding voltage of 30V, and welding speed of 10cm / min. At the same time, the welding torch is kept stable during the welding process to ensure the uniformity and continuity of the weld.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, during the finishing and finishing process, when using a CNC cutting machine for finishing, it is necessary to write a processing program according to the design requirements of the end cap, and set the parameters of the cutting machine as follows: cutting accuracy of ±0.05mm, cutting speed of 2m / min. When polishing, the parameters of the polishing machine are set as follows: polishing wheel speed of 2500rpm, polishing time of 10 minutes. When polishing, the end cap needs to be placed on the polishing machine, and the polishing machine is started to perform the polishing operation. During the polishing process, an appropriate distance and angle between the polishing wheel and the surface of the end cap is maintained to ensure uniform and consistent polishing effect.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, during the inspection and testing, i.e., when performing visual inspection, it is necessary to carefully observe whether there are cracks or slag inclusions on the surface of the end cap, and use a magnifying glass for detailed inspection. Then, dimensional measurement is performed, and precise measuring tools are used to measure each dimension of the end cap and compare it with the design requirements. During the non-destructive testing, X-ray inspection and ultrasonic testing are used to detect whether there are defects inside the end cap, to avoid the presence of pores and inclusions in the material, and to ensure the quality of the end cap. During the pressure test, the pressure value is 1.5 to 2 times the design pressure of the end cap to ensure that the end cap has sufficient safety margin under normal working pressure, and the pressure holding time is 5 hours. During the high temperature test, the test temperature is the highest allowable operating temperature of the end cap material, and the heat holding time is also 5 hours.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention features movable limiting posts, allowing the spot welding blocks to be adjusted during the spot welding process to accommodate pressure vessels with varying sizes and specifications. This ensures complete welding at all points. The equally angled spot welding blocks also guarantee equidistant welding, ensuring welding stability. Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs and reinforcing base plate can transfer some of the pressure on the end cap to the vessel, reducing the pressure on the end cap itself and improving its installation stability and high-pressure resistance.

[0023] 2. This invention utilizes 316L stainless steel as the end cap material during the material preparation and pretreatment stages, and performs precise cutting to ensure the material's high quality and applicability. Next, in the hot stamping stage, appropriate heating temperatures and stamping parameters are employed to ensure the precision of the end cap's shape and dimensional accuracy. Furthermore, the weld treatment, finishing, and trimming stages involve rigorous cleaning, welding, and polishing operations, further improving the overall quality and aesthetics of the end cap. Simultaneously, the inspection and testing stages include comprehensive visual inspection, non-destructive testing, pressure testing, and high-temperature testing to ensure the reliability and safety of the end cap under extreme conditions. These comprehensive quality control measures not only improve the manufacturing quality of the end cap but also reduce the risk of failure during use, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the entire pressure vessel.

[0024] 3. This invention improves production efficiency and effectively controls costs by optimizing the processing flow. In the material preparation and pretreatment stage, rational sheet metal cutting reduces material waste and improves raw material utilization. In the hot stamping stage, efficient stamping equipment and processes shorten the production cycle and increase production efficiency. Simultaneously, in the weld treatment, finishing, and trimming stages, automated and digital equipment and technologies reduce reliance on manual operation and improve processing accuracy and consistency. This process optimization not only improves production efficiency but also reduces labor costs, thereby achieving effective cost control. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the limiting groove and limiting post structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixing ring and the internal structure of the reinforcing hall of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Head body; 2. Fixing ring; 3. Limiting groove; 4. Limiting post; 5. Spot weld block; 6. Reinforcing base plate; 7. Limiting plate; 8. Slot; 9. Slot; 10. Reinforcing body; 11. Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap includes an end cap body 1. A fixing ring 2 is welded and fixed to the top of the end cap body 1. A limiting groove 3 is formed at equal angles on the outer side of the fixing ring 2. A reinforcing body 10 is welded and fixed to the inner side of the end cap body 1. The outer side of the reinforcing body 10 is in contact with the inner side of the end cap body 1. A reinforcing base plate 6 located on the inner side of the fixing ring 2 is fixedly installed at the top of the reinforcing body 10. A limiting post 4 is movably sleeved inside the limiting groove 3. The limiting post 4 is displaced relative to the limiting groove 3. A slot 8 located behind the limiting post 4 is formed at equal angles at the top of the reinforcing base plate 6. A reinforcing rib 11 is welded at equal angles inside the reinforcing body 10.

[0033] During the processing of the above structure, the fixing ring 2 and the end cap body 1 need to be welded together using a welding machine. After welding, the outer side of the fixing ring 2 needs to be drilled at equal angles using a drilling machine to make holes for the limiting groove 3. After the holes are made, the limiting post 4 is sleeved with the limiting groove 3. After the sleeve is made, the limiting plate 7 is placed at the rear end of the limiting post 4, and the locking post 9 is inserted into the inside of the locking groove 8. The limiting plate 7 and the limiting post 4 are then welded together to complete the fixation. Before processing the reinforcing body 10, reinforcing ribs 11 need to be welded at equal intervals. After welding, the reinforcing base plate 6 needs to be welded to the top of the reinforcing body 10. At the same time, the outer side of the reinforcing body 10 is welded to the inner side of the end cap body 1 to complete the entire processing.

[0034] A method for processing a high-temperature pressure vessel head includes the following steps:

[0035] S1: Material preparation and pretreatment. 316L stainless steel is used as the manufacturing material for the end cap. According to the size and shape requirements of the end cap, the 316L stainless steel sheet is cut to obtain the sheet with the preliminary shape.

[0036] S2: Hot stamping forming. The pre-treated 316L stainless steel sheet is placed in a hot stamping machine for stamping. After stamping, the end cap is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0037] S3: Weld treatment. For the end caps that need to be spliced, welding equipment is used for welding. After welding is completed, the weld is ground and polished to remove welding residue and burrs.

[0038] S4: Finishing and finishing. The end cap is finished using a CNC cutting machine. The CNC cutting machine performs precise cutting and drilling operations on the end cap to ensure that the size and shape of the end cap meet the design requirements. Finally, a polishing machine is used to polish the surface of the end cap.

[0039] S5: Inspection and Testing. Strict inspection and testing are carried out on the finished end caps, including but not limited to visual inspection, non-destructive testing, pressure testing, and high-temperature testing.

[0040] This processing procedure ensures the end caps exhibit superior performance under high temperature and pressure conditions. Using 316L stainless steel as the manufacturing material, its excellent high-temperature and corrosion resistance lays a solid foundation for the high quality of the end caps. Hot stamping technology enables precise forming of the end caps, guaranteeing accuracy in shape and size. Grinding and polishing in the weld treatment process not only improves the appearance quality of the end caps but also ensures the strength and sealing of the welds. In the finishing and finishing stages, the application of CNC cutting machines and polishing machines further improves the processing precision and surface finish of the end caps. Simultaneously, rigorous inspection and testing procedures ensure the end caps' superior performance in high temperature and high pressure resistance, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of pressure vessels.

[0041] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, each of the limiting posts 4 has a limiting plate 7 installed at its rear end. The limiting plate 7 is located on the inner side of the fixing ring 2. Each of the limiting plates 7 has a locking post 9 installed at its bottom end. The locking post 9 is movably engaged with the locking groove 8. When the rear end of the spot welding block 5 contacts the inner side of the limiting groove 3, the locking post 9 is located at the rear end of the locking groove 8.

[0042] When welding the container head to the pressure vessel, the container head can be placed at one end of the container. Then, multiple spot welding blocks 5 can be used to weld it to the pressure vessel by spot welding. If the pressure vessel is irregular, the position of the spot welding blocks 5 can be adjusted by sliding the limiting column 4 to make the spot welding blocks 5 relative to the limiting groove 3, so that the spot welding blocks 5 can contact the pressure vessel and complete the spot welding process. At the same time, the pressure borne by the head body 1 can be absorbed by the reinforcing rib 11 and the reinforcing base plate 6 and transmitted to the pressure vessel to complete the pressure dispersion.

[0043] By incorporating movable limiting posts 4, the position of the spot welding blocks 5 can be adjusted during spot welding to accommodate pressure vessels with varying sizes and specifications, ensuring complete welding at all points. The equally angled spot welding blocks 5 also guarantee equidistant welding, ensuring welding stability. Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs 11 and the reinforcing base plate 6 can transfer some of the pressure on the end cap to the vessel, reducing the pressure on the end cap itself and improving its installation stability and high-pressure resistance.

[0044] For 316L stainless steel, the surface of the sheet must be thoroughly cleaned with a cleaning agent and brush before cutting to remove oil and oxides and ensure the cleanliness of the sheet surface.

[0045] A clean surface reduces resistance during cutting, resulting in smoother cuts and improved precision and quality. Impurities such as oil and oxides can adhere to the cutting edge, dulling or damaging it. Cleaning extends the lifespan of cutting tools. A clean surface also reduces the difficulty of subsequent polishing and grinding, increasing work efficiency. A clean 316L stainless steel surface is smoother, improving the quality of the final product, especially in applications requiring high surface finish.

[0046] During hot stamping, the heating temperature of the hot stamping press is 1050℃. It is necessary to ensure that the sheet metal is heated evenly. Once the sheet metal reaches the appropriate temperature, the stamping press is started, the stamping speed is 8mm / s, and the stamping pressure is maintained at 800 tons to ensure the shape and dimensional accuracy of the end cap.

[0047] A heating temperature of 1050℃ allows the 316L stainless steel sheet to reach an ideal plastic state, at which point the material is easily deformable and has good fluidity, facilitating the forming of the head within the mold. Simultaneously, uniform heating prevents internal thermal stress in the sheet, reducing the risk of deformation and cracking, and ensuring the overall structural stability of the head. Secondly, the stamping speed of 8mm / s is a carefully selected parameter. It ensures both efficiency in the stamping process and sufficient time for plastic deformation of the sheet, avoiding material tearing due to excessive speed or insufficient forming due to insufficient speed. Finally, the stamping pressure of 800 tons ensures that the sheet is fully compressed and formed within the mold. Sufficient pressure allows the sheet to better conform to the mold shape, thereby improving the shape and dimensional accuracy of the head. Maintaining stable stamping pressure also helps reduce forming defects caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0048] During weld treatment, before welding with welding equipment, firstly, use a grinding wheel and grinding head to clean the oxides and impurities in the weld area to ensure the cleanliness of the weld area. Then, according to the welding process requirements, set the parameters of the welding equipment as follows: welding current of 200A, welding voltage of 30V, and welding speed of 10cm / min. At the same time, keep the welding torch stable during the welding process to ensure the uniformity and continuity of the weld.

[0049] Cleaning the weld area of ​​oxides and impurities ensures its cleanliness. The cleanliness of the weld area directly affects weld quality and strength. The presence of oxides and impurities can lead to defects such as porosity and slag inclusions during welding, reducing weld strength and sealing. Therefore, cleaning with a grinding wheel and grinding head removes these adverse factors, providing a good foundation for the welding process. Setting the welding equipment parameters according to the welding process requirements is also crucial for ensuring weld quality. The selection of parameters such as welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed directly affects weld formation, penetration depth, and welding speed. Appropriate parameter settings can make the welding process more stable, the weld formation more aesthetically pleasing, and the penetration depth moderate, thereby improving weld quality and reliability. Maintaining the stability of the welding torch is also an important factor in ensuring a uniform and continuous weld. During welding, the stability of the welding torch directly affects the weld formation and quality. If the welding torch is unstable, it may lead to defects such as wavy or discontinuous welds, affecting the weld's aesthetics and strength. Therefore, maintaining the stability of the welding torch is essential for obtaining high-quality welds.

[0050] During finishing and finishing, when using a CNC cutting machine for finishing, a processing program must be written according to the design requirements of the end cap, and the parameters of the cutting machine must be set as follows: cutting accuracy of ±0.05mm and cutting speed of 2m / min. When polishing, the parameters of the polishing machine must be set as follows: polishing wheel speed of 2500rpm and polishing time of 10 minutes. When polishing, the end cap must be placed on the polishing machine, and the polishing machine must be started to perform the polishing operation. During the polishing process, an appropriate distance and angle must be maintained between the polishing wheel and the surface of the end cap to ensure uniform and consistent polishing effect.

[0051] Precision machining with CNC cutting machines can significantly improve the machining accuracy of end caps. By programming specific machining operations and setting the cutting accuracy to ±0.05mm and the cutting speed to 2m / min, it can be ensured that the dimensions and shape of the end caps fully meet the design requirements. This high-precision machining is crucial for ensuring the sealing and stability of the end caps, thus affecting the performance of the entire pressure vessel. Secondly, polishing operations with a polishing machine play an important role in improving the smoothness and aesthetics of the end cap surface. By setting the polishing wheel speed to 2500rpm and the polishing time to 10 minutes, it is ensured that the end cap surface receives uniform polishing treatment, removing minor surface imperfections and unevenness, making it smoother and shinier. This not only improves the appearance quality of the end caps but also helps reduce wear and corrosion caused by surface roughness during use. In addition, maintaining the appropriate distance and angle between the polishing wheel and the end cap surface during polishing is also crucial. This helps ensure uniform and consistent polishing results, avoiding localized over-polishing or under-polishing.

[0052] During inspection and testing, visual inspection requires careful observation of the end cap surface for cracks and inclusions, followed by detailed inspection using a magnifying glass. Dimensional measurements are then taken using precise measuring tools and compared to design requirements. Non-destructive testing utilizes X-ray and ultrasonic testing to detect internal defects, preventing porosity and inclusions in the material and ensuring end cap quality. Pressure testing uses a pressure of 1.5 to 2 times the design pressure to ensure sufficient safety margin under normal operating pressure, with a holding time of 5 hours. High-temperature testing uses the highest permissible operating temperature of the end cap material, with a holding time of 5 hours.

[0053] Visual inspection provides a direct assessment of the end cap's surface condition. By observing the surface for defects such as cracks and inclusions, and using a magnifying glass for detailed inspection, potential problems can be identified and addressed promptly. This helps ensure the integrity and aesthetics of the end cap surface, while also helping to avoid safety hazards caused by surface defects during use. Secondly, dimensional measurement ensures that the end cap's dimensional accuracy meets design requirements. Using precise measuring tools to measure each dimension of the end cap and comparing it with design requirements ensures that the dimensional accuracy meets standards. This is crucial for guaranteeing the end cap's installation and performance, and also helps to avoid performance problems caused by dimensional deviations. Furthermore, non-destructive testing (NDT) can detect internal defects in the end cap. Using NDT techniques such as X-ray inspection and ultrasonic testing, defects such as porosity and inclusions can be detected inside the end cap. If these defects are not detected and addressed in time, they may affect the end cap's performance and safety. Therefore, NDT is one of the important means of ensuring end cap quality. Finally, pressure and high-temperature testing simulates the end cap's condition under actual working conditions. By applying pressure 1.5 to 2 times the design pressure and holding it at that pressure for 5 hours, the performance and safety margin of the end cap under normal operating pressure can be tested. Simultaneously, high-temperature testing can evaluate the stability and reliability of the end cap in high-temperature environments. These tests help ensure that the end cap can withstand various extreme conditions in actual use and possesses sufficient safety performance.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for processing a high-temperature resistant pressure vessel head, the high-temperature resistant pressure vessel head comprising a head body (1), characterized in that: A fixing ring (2) is welded and fixed to the top of the head body (1). A limiting groove (3) is opened at equal angles on the outer side of the fixing ring (2). A reinforcing body (10) is welded and fixed to the inner side of the head body (1). The outer side of the reinforcing body (10) is in contact with the inner side of the head body (1). A reinforcing base plate (6) located on the inner side of the fixing ring (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the reinforcing body (10). A limiting post (4) is movably sleeved inside the limiting groove (3). The limiting post (4) is displaced relative to the limiting groove (3). A slot (8) located behind the limiting post (4) is opened at equal angles on the top of the reinforcing base plate (6). A reinforcing rib (11) is welded at equal angles inside the reinforcing body (10). The processing method for the high-temperature pressure vessel head includes the following steps: S1: Material preparation and pretreatment. 316L stainless steel is used as the manufacturing material for the end cap. According to the size and shape requirements of the end cap, the 316L stainless steel sheet is cut to obtain the sheet with the preliminary shape. S2: Hot stamping forming. The pre-treated 316L stainless steel sheet is placed in a hot stamping machine for stamping. After stamping, the end cap is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. S3: Weld treatment. For the end caps that need to be spliced, welding equipment is used for welding. After welding is completed, the weld is ground and polished to remove welding residue and burrs. S4: Finishing and finishing. The end cap is finished using a CNC cutting machine. The CNC cutting machine performs precise cutting and drilling operations on the end cap to ensure that the size and shape of the end cap meet the design requirements. Finally, a polishing machine is used to polish the surface of the end cap. S5: Inspection and Testing. Strict inspection and testing are carried out on the finished end caps, including but not limited to visual inspection, non-destructive testing, pressure testing, and high-temperature testing.

2. The processing method for a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the limiting posts (4) has a limiting plate (7) installed at its rear end. The limiting plate (7) is located on the inner side of the fixing ring (2). Each of the limiting plates (7) has a locking post (9) installed at its bottom end.

3. The processing method for a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking post (9) is movably engaged with the locking groove (8). When the rear end of the spot welding block (5) contacts the inner side of the limiting groove (3), the locking post (9) is located at the rear end of the locking groove (8).

4. The processing method for a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before cutting, the 316L stainless steel sheet surface must be thoroughly cleaned with a cleaning agent and brush to remove oil and oxides and ensure the cleanliness of the sheet surface.

5. The processing method for a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the hot stamping process, the heating temperature of the hot stamping machine is 1050℃. It is necessary to ensure that the sheet metal is heated evenly. Once the sheet metal reaches the appropriate temperature, the stamping machine is started, the stamping speed is 8mm / s, and the stamping pressure is maintained at 800 tons to ensure the shape and dimensional accuracy of the end cap.

6. The processing method of a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before welding, the weld area is first cleaned of oxides and impurities using a grinding wheel and grinding head to ensure cleanliness. Then, according to the welding process requirements, the welding equipment parameters are set as follows: welding current of 200A, welding voltage of 30V, and welding speed of 10cm / min. At the same time, the welding torch is kept stable during the welding process to ensure uniformity and continuity of the weld.

7. The processing method for a high-temperature pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the finishing and finishing process, when using a CNC cutting machine for finishing, a processing program needs to be written according to the design requirements of the end cap, and the parameters of the cutting machine should be set as follows: cutting accuracy of ±0.05mm, cutting speed of 2m / min. When polishing, the parameters of the polishing machine should be set as follows: polishing wheel speed of 2500rpm, polishing time of 10 minutes. When polishing, the end cap needs to be placed on the polishing machine, and the polishing machine should be started to perform the polishing operation. During the polishing process, maintain an appropriate distance and angle between the polishing wheel and the surface of the end cap to ensure uniform and consistent polishing effect.

8. The processing method of a high-temperature pressure vessel end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the inspection and testing, specifically the visual inspection, the surface of the end cap must be carefully observed for cracks and inclusions. A magnifying glass should be used for detailed inspection. Then, dimensional measurements should be taken using precise measuring tools, and the measurements should be compared with the design requirements. For the non-destructive testing, X-ray and ultrasonic testing should be used to detect internal defects in the end cap, preventing the presence of pores and inclusions in the material and ensuring the quality of the end cap. During the pressure test, the pressure value should be 1.5 to 2 times the design pressure of the end cap to ensure that the end cap has sufficient safety margin under normal operating pressure. The pressure holding time is 5 hours. For the high-temperature test, the test temperature is the highest allowable operating temperature of the end cap material, and the holding time is also 5 hours.

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