Anchoring structure, floating wind turbine assembly and floating wind turbine array

Abstract

The main purpose of the present application is to provide an anchoring structure, a floating wind turbine assembly and a floating wind turbine array, wherein the anchoring structure comprises an anchoring rod, a rotating member rotatably arranged on the anchoring rod, an elastic retaining member arranged between the anchoring rod and the rotating member, a mooring cable comprising a winding segment and an extending segment, the winding segment being wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member, the first end of the winding segment being fixedly connected with the rotating member, the first end of the extending segment being connected with the second end of the winding segment, the second end of the extending segment being connected with the floating wind turbine, and the extending segment being elongated or shortened when the rotating member rotates. The technical solution of the present application can effectively solve the problem that the overall length of the mooring cable is relatively long in the related art, thereby limiting the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be arranged in the limited sea area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and more specifically, to an anchoring structure, a floating wind turbine assembly, and a floating wind turbine array. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the floating wind turbine structure is connected to an anchor foundation fixed in the seabed soil by a mooring cable. The end of the mooring cable near the anchor foundation will form a bottom section due to gravity. The existence of the bottom section allows the floating wind turbine structure to move within a certain range when encountering severe sea conditions or ship collisions, thus preventing the mooring cable from breaking directly.

[0003] However, in order to ensure that the floating wind turbine structure has a certain range of motion, the length of the bottom section needs to be set to be relatively long, which in turn makes the overall length of the mooring cable relatively long. This results in a large sea area for the entire floating wind turbine array. With a limited sea area, the number of floating wind turbine components that can be arranged is limited, which affects the power generation efficiency.

[0004] To address the above issues, existing technologies have proposed incorporating a floating structure onto the mooring cable. The force exerted by this floating structure lifts the mooring cable, thereby reducing the length of the bottom section. However, the lifting capacity of this floating structure is limited, resulting in a limited reduction in the overall length of the mooring cable. Furthermore, the floating structure is prone to interference with vessels passing through the area where the mooring cable is located, posing certain safety hazards.

[0005] Therefore, the problem that the overall length of mooring cables is currently too long, which limits the number of floating wind turbine components that can be deployed in a limited sea area, cannot be well resolved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide an anchoring structure, a floating wind turbine assembly, and a floating wind turbine array to solve the problem in related technologies where the overall length of the mooring cable is too long, resulting in a limited number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be arranged in a limited sea area.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided, comprising: an anchor rod; a rotating member rotatably disposed on the anchor rod; an elastic retaining member disposed between the anchor rod and the rotating member; and a mooring cable including a wound section and an extended section, the wound section being wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member, a first end of the wound section being fixedly connected to the rotating member, a first end of the extended section being connected to a second end of the wound section, the second end of the extended section being connected to a floating wind turbine, and the extended section extending or shortening when the rotating member rotates.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating component is a sleeve fitted outside the anchor rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic retainer is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod. The first end of the spring is connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod, and the second end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a floating wind turbine assembly is provided, including a floating wind turbine and an anchoring structure connected to the floating wind turbine, wherein the anchoring structure is the aforementioned anchoring structure, when the floating wind turbine is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine pulls the mooring cable, causing the rotating member to rotate in the forward direction and the extended section to extend; when the external force on the floating wind turbine disappears, the elastic retaining member applies a restoring force to the rotating member, causing the rotating member to rotate in the reverse direction and the extended section to shorten.

[0011] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine includes a floating foundation and a wind turbine structure set on the floating foundation. The floating foundation includes multiple floating columns and a connecting rod structure connecting the multiple floating columns. The floating wind turbine assembly includes multiple anchoring structures corresponding one-to-one with the multiple floating columns, and the extended section of each anchoring structure is connected to the corresponding floating column.

[0012] Furthermore, the floating foundation includes three floating columns, and the floating wind turbine assembly includes three anchoring structures. The three floating columns define a first equilateral triangle. The angle between the line connecting each anchoring structure to the center of the floating wind turbine and the line connecting the adjacent anchoring structure to the center of the floating wind turbine is 120°. The lengths of the lines connecting the multiple anchoring structures to the center of the floating wind turbine are the same.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a floating wind turbine array is provided, comprising a plurality of floating wind turbine components, wherein the floating wind turbine components are those described above.

[0014] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine array includes at least one first array unit, the first array unit including three floating wind turbine components, the three floating wind turbine components including a first floating wind turbine component, a second floating wind turbine component, and a third floating wind turbine component, the first floating wind turbine component being located between the second and third floating wind turbine components, the first floating wind turbine component, the second floating wind turbine component, and the third floating wind turbine component sharing an anchoring structure, the shared anchoring structure forming a first shared anchoring structure, the first floating wind turbine component and the second floating wind turbine component sharing an anchoring structure, the first floating wind turbine component and the second floating wind turbine component... The shared anchoring structure forms a second shared anchoring structure. The first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly share one anchoring structure. The shared anchoring structure of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly forms a third shared anchoring structure. The remaining two anchoring structures of the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly form two first single-use anchoring structures. The floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine of the second floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure, and the second shared anchoring structure define a first parallelogram structure. The floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine of the third floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure, and the third shared anchoring structure define a second parallelogram structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine array includes multiple first array units, wherein the first direction is the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first shared anchoring structure, and the second direction is the direction parallel to or coincident with the plane of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction. In the first direction, two adjacent first array units are symmetrically arranged and share all anchoring structures on the line of symmetry. In the second direction, multiple first array units are arranged sequentially and two adjacent first array units share one anchoring structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine array includes at least one second array unit, the second array unit including two floating wind turbine components, the two floating wind turbine components including a fourth floating wind turbine component and a fifth floating wind turbine component, the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component sharing two anchoring structures, the shared anchoring structures of the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component forming two fourth shared anchoring structures, the remaining two anchoring structures of the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component forming two second single-purpose anchoring structures, the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine of the fifth floating wind turbine component and one of the fourth shared anchoring structures defining a second equilateral triangle, the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine of the fifth floating wind turbine component and the other fourth shared anchoring structure defining a third equilateral triangle.

[0017] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine array includes multiple second array units. The third direction is defined as the extension of the line connecting the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fourth shared anchoring structure. The fourth direction is defined as the direction parallel to or coincident with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction. In the third direction, multiple second array units are staggered to form a sawtooth structure. Each second array unit shares two anchoring structures with an adjacent second array unit and one anchoring structure with another adjacent second array unit. In the fourth direction, multiple second array units are arranged sequentially, and two adjacent second array units share two anchoring structures.

[0018] Furthermore, for an anchoring structure with multiple mooring cables, the first ends of the winding sections of the multiple mooring cables are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member, the winding directions of the multiple mooring cable winding sections are the same, and the winding sections of the multiple mooring cables do not cross.

[0019] Using the technical solution of this invention, the anchor rod is fixed within the seabed soil layer, serving to bear tensile and uplift forces. A rotating component is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod. An elastic retaining component is positioned between the anchor rod and the rotating component, applying a force to the rotating component to restrict its rotation relative to the anchor rod and maintain it in an initial position. A portion of the mooring cable is wound around the rotating component to form a wound section, and the remaining portion of the mooring cable is connected between the wound section and the floating wind turbine to form an extended section. When the floating wind turbine is not subjected to external forces such as the impact load of sea waves, the rotating component remains in its initial position. When the floating wind turbine is subjected to external forces, it moves and pulls the mooring cable. The pulling force of the mooring cable overcomes the force of the elastic retainer, causing the rotating component to rotate forward and release the mooring cable. This results in a shorter winding section and a longer extension section. The force of the elastic retainer increases, and the extension section provides more gravity for cushioning and restricting further movement of the floating wind turbine. When the external force disappears, under the gravity of the longer extension section and the force of the elastic retainer, the rotating component rotates in the opposite direction, causing the released mooring cable to rewind onto the rotating component. This results in a longer winding section and a shorter extension section, pulling the floating wind turbine back to its original position. In this application, the relatively long bottom section, originally located on the seabed, is wound around the rotating component. This allows the extended section to elongate and accommodate the floating wind turbine's swaying, longitudinal, and heaving movements under external forces, and to pull the turbine back to its original position after the external forces disappear. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the overall length of the mooring cable's projection on the seabed. This allows for the installation of more floating wind turbines within a given sea area using the anchoring structure of this application, thereby improving both sea area utilization and power generation efficiency. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem in related technologies where the long overall length of the mooring cable limits the number of floating wind turbine components that can be deployed within a limited sea area. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of an embodiment of the anchoring structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of an anchoring structure with three mooring cables mounted on the rotating component.

[0023] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a floating wind turbine assembly according to the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 A comparison chart of the mooring cable radius of the floating wind turbine assembly and the mooring cable radius in related technologies;

[0025] Figure 5 A simplified structural diagram of a first array unit according to an embodiment of a floating wind turbine array is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 It shows that Figure 5 A simplified structural diagram of the first array unit arranged along the first direction;

[0027] Figure 7 It shows that Figure 5 A simplified structural diagram showing the arrangement of the first array unit along the second direction;

[0028] Figure 8 It shows that Figure 5 A simplified diagram of a structure in which the first array element is simultaneously arranged along the first and second directions;

[0029] Figure 9 A simplified structural diagram of a second array unit according to an embodiment of a floating wind turbine array based on the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 10 It shows that Figure 9 A simplified diagram of the structure in which the second array element is arranged simultaneously along the third and fourth directions;

[0031] Figure 11 It shows that Figure 9 A simplified structural diagram of the second array unit arranged along the third direction.

[0032] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 10. Anchoring structure; 11. Anchor rod; 12. Rotating component; 13. Elastic retaining component; 14. Mooring cable; 141. Winding section; 142. Extending section;

[0034] 20. Floating wind turbine; 21. Floating foundation; 211. Floating column; 212. Connecting rod structure; 22. Wind turbine structure; 23. Tower;

[0035] 100. First array unit; 101. First shared anchoring structure; 102. Second shared anchoring structure; 103. Third shared anchoring structure; 104. First single-use anchoring structure;

[0036] 200. Second array unit; 201. Fourth shared anchoring structure; 202. Second single-purpose anchoring structure;

[0037] A. First direction; B. Second direction; C. Third direction; D. Fourth direction. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3This application provides an anchoring structure, which includes: an anchor rod 11, a rotating member 12, an elastic retaining member 13, and a mooring cable 14. The rotating member 12 is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod 11; the elastic retaining member 13 is disposed between the anchor rod 11 and the rotating member 12; the mooring cable 14 includes a winding section 141 and an extension section 142. The winding section 141 is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member 12, with its first end fixedly connected to the rotating member 12. The first end of the extension section 142 is connected to the second end of the winding section 141, and the second end of the extension section 142 is connected to a floating blower 20. When the rotating member 12 rotates, the extension section 142 extends or shortens.

[0042] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, the anchor rod 11 is fixed in the seabed soil layer, which can bear the tensile force and the pull-out force. The rotating member 12 is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod 11. The elastic retaining member 13 is disposed between the anchor rod 11 and the rotating member 12. The elastic retaining member 13 applies a force to the rotating member 12, restricting the rotation of the rotating member 12 relative to the anchor rod 11 and keeping it in an initial position. A portion of the mooring cable 14 is wound around the rotating member 12 to form a winding section 141, and the remaining portion of the mooring cable 14 is connected between the winding section 141 and the floating wind turbine 20 to form an extension section 142. When the floating wind turbine 20 is not subjected to external forces such as the impact load of sea waves, the rotating member 12 remains in its initial position. When the floating wind turbine 20 is subjected to external forces, the floating wind turbine 20 will move and pull the mooring cable 14. The pulling force of the mooring cable 14 overcomes the force of the elastic retainer 13, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate in the forward direction and release the mooring cable 14. This results in the length of the winding section 141 becoming shorter and the length of the extension section 142 becoming longer. The force of the elastic retainer 13 becomes greater, and the extension section 142 provides more gravity for buffering and restricting the further movement of the floating wind turbine 20. When the external force disappears, under the action of the gravity of the longer extension section 142 and the force of the elastic retainer 13, the rotating member 12 rotates in the reverse direction and causes the released mooring cable 14 to be wound around the rotating member 12 again, making the length of the winding section 141 longer and the length of the extension section 142 shorter, pulling the floating wind turbine 20 back to its original position. In this embodiment, the relatively long bottom section, originally located on the seabed, is wound around the rotating member 12. This allows the extended section 142 to elongate and accommodate the movement of the floating wind turbine 20 when subjected to swaying, longitudinal, or heaving motions by external forces, and to pull the floating wind turbine 20 back to its original position after the external forces disappear. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the overall length of the mooring cable 14's projection on the seabed. Consequently, within a given sea area, the anchoring structure of this embodiment allows for the installation of more floating wind turbines 20, thereby improving sea area utilization and power generation efficiency. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem in related technologies where the long overall length of the mooring cable limits the number of floating wind turbine components that can be deployed within a limited sea area.

[0043] It should be noted that "rotating member 12 rotates in the forward direction" refers to the rotation of rotating member 12 in the direction of releasing mooring cable 14, and "rotating member 12 rotates in the reverse direction" refers to the rotation of rotating member 12 in the direction of retracting mooring cable 14. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, when the rotating member 12 rotates clockwise, it releases the mooring cable, and the clockwise direction is the positive direction; when the rotating member 12 rotates counterclockwise, it retracts the mooring cable 14, and the counterclockwise direction is the reverse direction.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, the rotating component 12 is a sleeve fitted over the anchor rod 11. The sleeve serves two purposes: firstly, it protects the elastic retaining component 13, and secondly, it allows for the winding of a longer mooring cable 14, thereby reducing the overall length of the mooring cable 14's projection on the seabed.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the elastic retainer 13 is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod 11. The first end of the spring is connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod 11, and the second end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. Using a spring as the elastic retainer 13 has the advantage of simple structure.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the mooring cable 14 is an anchor chain structure.

[0047] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, this application also provides a floating wind turbine assembly. An embodiment of the floating wind turbine assembly of this application includes a floating wind turbine 20 and an anchoring structure 10 connected to the floating wind turbine 20. The anchoring structure 10 is the aforementioned anchoring structure 10. When the floating wind turbine 20 is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine 20 pulls the mooring cable 14, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate forward and the extension section 142 to extend. When the external force on the floating wind turbine 20 disappears, the elastic retaining member 13 applies a restoring force to the rotating member 12, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate in the opposite direction and the extension section 142 to shorten. The aforementioned anchoring structure 10 can effectively solve the problem in related technologies where the overall length of the mooring cable is long, limiting the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be deployed in a limited sea area. The floating wind turbine assembly with the aforementioned anchoring structure 10 also has the aforementioned advantages.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the floating fan 20 includes a floating base 21 and a fan structure 22 disposed on the floating base 21. The floating base 21 includes multiple floating columns 211 and a connecting rod structure 212 connecting the multiple floating columns 211. The floating fan assembly includes multiple anchoring structures 10 corresponding one-to-one with the multiple floating columns 211. The protruding section 142 of each anchoring structure 10 is connected to the corresponding floating column 211.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the floating wind turbine 20 also includes a tower 23 disposed between the wind turbine structure 22 and the floating column 211 of the floating foundation 21. The tower 23 is rotatably disposed relative to the floating column 211, so that the windward direction of the wind turbine structure 22 can be adjusted accordingly when the ambient wind direction changes, so as to improve the utilization rate of wind energy.

[0050] like Figures 3 to 4As shown, the floating foundation 21 includes three floating columns 211, and the floating wind turbine assembly includes three anchoring structures 10. The three floating columns 211 define a first equilateral triangle. The angle between the line connecting each anchoring structure 10 to the center of the floating wind turbine 20 and the line connecting the adjacent anchoring structure 10 to the center of the floating wind turbine 20 is 120°. The lengths of the lines connecting the centers of the multiple anchoring structures 10 to the centers of the floating wind turbine 20 are the same. The three floating columns 211 define the first equilateral triangle, and the three anchoring structures 10 are connected to the three floating columns 211 in a one-to-one correspondence. The anchoring rods 11 of the three anchoring structures 10 are also arranged in an equilateral triangle, which facilitates the expansion of multiple floating wind turbine assembly arrays to form a floating wind turbine array.

[0051] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of the mooring cable radius of the floating wind turbine assembly of this embodiment and that of the mooring cable radius in related technologies is shown. Taking the uniform arrangement of three anchoring structures around the outer periphery of each floating wind turbine as an example, the anchoring structure of this embodiment can shorten the mooring cable radius r (the radius of the circle containing the centers of the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures 10) to less than 40% of the mooring cable radius R in related technologies (from the original 1000m to about 400m), which can reduce the length by more than 60%. If only one floating wind turbine is placed within the mooring radius, the sea area used can be reduced by 1 - 0.4 * 0.4 = 84%. Using the floating wind turbine assembly of this embodiment, more floating wind turbines 20 can be set up within a certain sea area, thereby improving sea area utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency.

[0052] like Figures 5 to 11 As shown, this application also provides a floating wind turbine array. An embodiment of the floating wind turbine array of this application includes multiple floating wind turbine components, wherein the floating wind turbine components are those described above. The aforementioned floating wind turbine components effectively solve the problem in related technologies where the overall length of the mooring cable is long, limiting the number of floating wind turbine components that can be deployed in a limited sea area. The floating wind turbine array with the aforementioned floating wind turbine components also possesses the aforementioned advantages.

[0053] Specifically, this embodiment provides two basic array units. It can be understood that when arranging the various floating wind turbine components in the floating wind turbine array, the basic array unit can be used as the smallest unit, and a large floating wind turbine array can be formed by arranging and combining the basic array units.

[0054] in, Figures 5 to 8This diagram illustrates a simplified structure of the first array unit 100 and multiple first array units 100 arranged in combination, as provided in this application. The floating wind turbine array includes at least one first array unit 100, and each first array unit 100 includes three floating wind turbine components: a first floating wind turbine component, a second floating wind turbine component, and a third floating wind turbine component. The first floating wind turbine component is located between the second and third floating wind turbine components. The first, second, and third floating wind turbine components share a common anchoring structure 10. This shared anchoring structure 10 forms a first common anchoring structure 101 (i.e., replacing the original three anchoring structures 10 each with a single mooring cable 14 with a single anchoring structure 10 with three mooring cables 14). The first and second floating wind turbine components share this anchoring structure 10. The anchoring structure 10 shared by the first and second floating wind turbine components forms a second shared anchoring structure 102. The first and third floating wind turbine components share one anchoring structure 10. The anchoring structure 10 shared by the first and third floating wind turbine components forms a third shared anchoring structure 103. The remaining two anchoring structures 10 in the second and third floating wind turbine components form two first single-use anchoring structures 104. The floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine 20 of the second floating wind turbine component, the first shared anchoring structure 101, and the second shared anchoring structure 102 define a first parallelogram structure. The floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine 20 of the third floating wind turbine component, the first shared anchoring structure 101, and the third shared anchoring structure 103 define a second parallelogram structure.

[0055] In the first array unit 100, three floating wind turbine assemblies are arranged, and each pair of adjacent floating wind turbine assemblies shares two anchoring structures 10. Specifically, the first floating wind turbine assembly (i.e. Figure 5 The middle floating wind turbine assembly) and the second floating wind turbine assembly (i.e. Figure 5 The floating wind turbine assembly located above shares a first common anchoring structure 101 and a second common anchoring structure 102. The first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly (i.e. Figure 5The floating wind turbine components located at the bottom share a first common anchoring structure 101 and a third common anchoring structure 103, resulting in a significant overlap in the sea area occupied by two adjacent floating wind turbine components (the sea area referred to here is the area of ​​the circle containing the centers of the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures 10 of a floating wind turbine component). This further improves the sea area utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine array in this embodiment. Furthermore, by arranging the three floating wind turbine components according to the first array unit 100 to form a basic array unit, it is convenient for staff to use this basic array unit for arrangement and combination to expand the floating wind turbine array.

[0056] The following provides a detailed explanation of how to expand a floating wind turbine array using multiple first array units 100, such as... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the first direction A is defined by the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first common anchoring structure 101 (i.e., Figures 6 to 8 The horizontal direction in the middle), with the direction parallel to or coincident with the face of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction A as the second direction B (that is, the horizontal direction in the middle), is the second direction B (that is, the horizontal direction in the middle). Figures 6 to 8 In the vertical direction of the array, in the first direction A, two adjacent first array units 100 are symmetrically arranged and share all anchoring structures 10 on the line of symmetry; in the second direction B, multiple first array units 100 are arranged sequentially and two adjacent first array units 100 share one anchoring structure 10.

[0057] Figure 6The array shown includes three first array units 100 arranged along a first direction A. The leftmost and rightmost first array units 100 are framed by trapezoidal frames to distinguish each first array unit 100. The leftmost first array unit 100 and the middle first array unit are symmetrically arranged with the shorter side of the parallel side of the left trapezoidal frame as the line of symmetry. The two second shared anchoring structures 102 of the two first array units 100 further share one anchoring structure 10 (that is, one anchoring structure 10 with four mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two anchoring structures 10 with two mooring cables 14 respectively). The two third shared anchoring structures 103 of the two first array units 100 further share one anchoring structure 10. The rightmost first array unit 100... The array unit 100 and the middle first array unit are symmetrically arranged with the long side of the parallel side of the trapezoidal frame on the right as the line of symmetry. The two first common anchoring structures 101 of the two first array units 100 further share an anchoring structure 10 (that is, an anchoring structure 10 with six mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two first common anchoring structures 101 that originally had three mooring cables 14 respectively). The two sets of first single anchoring structures 104 of the two first array units 100 share two anchoring structures 10 respectively (that is, an anchoring structure 10 with two mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two first single anchoring structures 104 located above, and an anchoring structure 10 with two mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two first single anchoring structures 104 located above).

[0058] Figure 7 The array shown includes two first array units 100 arranged along the second direction B. Each of the two first array units 100 is outlined with a trapezoidal frame to distinguish each first array unit 100. Two adjacent first single anchoring structures 104 in the two first array units 100 share one anchoring structure 10.

[0059] Figure 8 A simplified structural diagram is shown showing the arrangement of the first array units 100 along both the first direction A and the second direction B. The arrangement of each row of the first array units 100 is the same as... Figure 6 The arrangement of each column of the first array unit 100 is the same as the arrangement of the first array unit 100 in the array. Figure 7 The arrangement method is not described in detail here.

[0060] The technical solution of this embodiment not only improves the efficiency of sea use, but also reduces the number of anchoring structures 10 required, such as... Figure 8As shown, if the arrangement of the first array unit 100 in this embodiment is not adopted for the sharing of anchoring structures 10, and each floating wind turbine is connected to three anchoring structures according to the relevant technology, a total of 108 anchoring structures are required for 36 floating wind turbines. With the arrangement of this embodiment, only 32 anchoring structures 10 are required for 36 floating wind turbines 20, and the number of anchoring structures is reduced by 70%, which greatly reduces the arrangement cost of the floating wind turbine array.

[0061] Figures 9 to 11 The diagram illustrates a simplified structure of the second array unit 200 and multiple second array units 200 arranged in combination according to this application. The second array unit 200 includes two floating fan assemblies, each comprising a fourth and a fifth floating fan assembly. The fourth and fifth floating fan assemblies share two anchoring structures 10, forming two fourth shared anchoring structures 201. The remaining two anchoring structures 10 in the fourth and fifth floating fan assemblies form two second single-purpose anchoring structures 202. The floating fan 20 of the fourth and fifth floating fan assemblies, along with one of the fourth shared anchoring structures 201, defines a second equilateral triangle. The floating fan 20 of the fourth and fifth floating fan assemblies, along with the other fourth shared anchoring structure 201, defines a third equilateral triangle.

[0062] In the second array unit 200, two floating wind turbine components share two anchoring structures 10, which is the fourth floating wind turbine component (i.e. Figure 9 The middle floating wind turbine assembly located above) and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly (i.e. Figure 9 The floating wind turbine assembly located at the bottom shares two fourth common anchoring structures 201, resulting in a significant overlap in the sea area occupied by the two floating wind turbine assemblies (the sea area here refers to the area of ​​the circle containing the center of the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures 10 of a floating wind turbine assembly). This further improves the sea area utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine array in this embodiment. Furthermore, by arranging the two floating wind turbine assemblies according to the second array unit 200 to form a basic array unit, it is convenient for staff to use this base array unit to arrange and combine elements for expanding the floating wind turbine array.

[0063] The following provides a detailed explanation of how to expand a floating wind turbine array using multiple second array units 200, such as... Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the direction of the extension of the line connecting the floating wind turbine 20 of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fourth common anchoring structure 201 is taken as the third direction C (i.e., Figures 10 to 11 The horizontal direction in the middle), with the direction parallel to or coincident with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction C as the fourth direction D (that is, the horizontal direction in the middle), is the fourth direction D (that is, the horizontal direction in the middle). Figures 10 to 11 In the vertical direction, in the third direction C, multiple second array units 200 are staggered to form a sawtooth structure. Each second array unit 200 shares two anchoring structures 10 with an adjacent second array unit 200 and shares one anchoring structure 10 with another adjacent second array unit 200. In the fourth direction D, multiple second array units 200 are arranged sequentially and two adjacent second array units 200 share two anchoring structures 10.

[0064] Figure 11 The array shown includes six second array units 200 arranged along a third direction C. From left to right, an odd number of the second array units 200 are outlined with diamond frames to distinguish each second array unit 200. The multiple second array units 200 are staggered to form a zigzag structure (here, the zigzag structure refers to the zigzag structure formed by connecting the centers of multiple second array units 200 in sequence with straight lines). Specifically, the two fourth shared anchoring structures 201 of the first second array unit 200 from the left and the second second array unit 200 from the left further share an anchoring structure 10 (that is, an anchoring structure 10 with four mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two anchoring structures 10 with two mooring cables 14 respectively); the fourth shared anchoring structure 201 of the second second array unit 200 from the left and the second single anchoring structure 202 of the third second array unit 200 from the left further share an anchoring structure 10 (that is, an anchoring structure 10 with three mooring cables 14 is used to replace the original fourth shared anchoring structure 201 and the second single anchoring structure 202).

[0065] Figure 10 The leftmost image shows three second array units 200 arranged along the fourth direction D, with the uppermost and lowermost second array units 200 outlined by diamond frames to distinguish them. The fourth shared anchoring structure 201 of the upper second array unit 200 and the second single anchoring structure 202 of the lower second array unit 200 further share an anchoring structure 10.

[0066] Figure 10 A simplified structural diagram is shown showing the arrangement of the second array elements 200 along both the third direction C and the fourth direction D. The arrangement of each row of the second array elements 200 is the same as... Figure 11 The arrangement of the second array units 200 in each column is the same as the arrangement of the second array units 200 in the column. Figure 10 The arrangement of the second array unit 200 in the first column will not be described in detail.

[0067] Of course, the two basic array units (first array unit 100 and second array unit 200) proposed in this embodiment are not limited to use alone; designers can combine the two basic array units as needed. For example, three... Figure 9 The second array unit 200 is rotated at a certain angle and placed in Figure 8 The three hexagonal gaps in the middle are designed to further improve the efficiency of the floating wind turbine array in terms of both sea use and power generation.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, for an anchoring structure 10 with multiple mooring cables 14, the first ends of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 12, the winding directions of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 are the same and the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 do not cross. For the anchoring structure 10 shared by multiple floating wind turbine components in the floating wind turbine array, multiple mooring cables 14 are installed on it. The first ends of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 12, so that the force on the overall structure composed of the anchor rod 11, the rotating member 12 and the elastic retaining member 13 is more balanced. The winding direction of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 is the same and the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 do not cross. When the floating wind turbine 20 connected to some of the mooring cables 14 is subjected to external force, the rotating member 12 can also rotate smoothly to release the mooring cables 14. This avoids the cancellation of the pulling force between the multiple mooring cables 14, which would restrict the rotation of the rotating member 12 and cause the floating wind turbine 20 subjected to external force to be damaged or the mooring cable 14 connected to the floating wind turbine 20 subjected to external force to be damaged.

[0069] It should be noted that the structural parameters of the anchoring structure 10 will vary depending on the number of mooring cables 14 included, but its structural composition and the arrangement of its parts remain the same. Specifically, as the number of mooring cables 14 included in the anchoring structure 10 increases, the maximum torque required by the elastic retainer 13 increases proportionally. Generally, one mooring cable 14 requires approximately 800KN to 1200KN of torque, and the elastic retainer 13 of the anchoring structure 10 with n mooring cables 14 needs to provide n×(800~1200)KN of torque. Simultaneously, as the number of mooring cables 14 included in the anchoring structure 10 increases, the outer diameter of the sleeve also needs to increase accordingly. Let the outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing one mooring cable 14 be D, then the outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing two mooring cables 14 is 2. (1 / 2) D. The outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10, which includes three mooring cables 14, is 3. (1 / 2)D. The outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10, which includes four mooring cables 14, is 4. (1 / 2) D……The outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10, which contains n mooring cables 14, is n. (1 / 2) D.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0071] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0072] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchoring structure, characterized in that, include: Anchor rod (11); A rotating component (12) is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod (11); An elastic retainer (13) is disposed between the anchor rod (11) and the rotating member (12); The mooring cable (14) includes a winding section (141) and an extension section (142). The winding section (141) is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member (12). The first end of the winding section (141) is fixedly connected to the rotating member (12). The first end of the extension section (142) is connected to the second end of the winding section (141). The second end of the extension section (142) is connected to the floating wind turbine (20). When the rotating member (12) rotates, the extension section (142) extends or shortens.

2. The anchoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating component (12) is a sleeve fitted over the anchor rod (11).

3. The anchoring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic retainer (13) is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod (11). The first end of the spring is connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod (11), and the second end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

4. A floating wind turbine assembly, comprising a floating wind turbine (20) and an anchoring structure (10) connected to said floating wind turbine (20), characterized in that, The anchoring structure (10) is the anchoring structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. When the floating wind turbine (20) is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine (20) pulls the mooring cable (14) so ​​that the rotating member (12) rotates in the forward direction and the extension section (142) extends. When the external force on the floating wind turbine (20) disappears, the elastic retaining member (13) applies a restoring force to the rotating member (12) so that the rotating member (12) rotates in the reverse direction and the extension section (142) shortens.

5. The floating wind turbine assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The floating fan (20) includes a floating base (21) and a fan structure (22) disposed on the floating base (21). The floating base (21) includes a plurality of floating columns (211) and a connecting rod structure (212) connecting the plurality of floating columns (211). The floating fan assembly includes a plurality of anchoring structures (10) corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of floating columns (211). The protruding section (142) of each anchoring structure (10) is connected to the corresponding floating column (211).

6. The floating wind turbine assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The floating foundation (21) includes three floating columns (211), and the floating fan assembly includes three anchoring structures (10). The three floating columns (211) define a first equilateral triangle. The angle between the line connecting each anchoring structure (10) to the center of the floating fan (20) and the line connecting the adjacent anchoring structure (10) to the center of the floating fan (20) is 120°. The lengths of the lines connecting the centers of the multiple anchoring structures (10) to the center of the floating fan (20) are the same.

7. A floating wind turbine array, comprising multiple floating wind turbine components, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine assembly is the floating wind turbine assembly as described in claim 6.

8. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 7, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine array includes at least one first array unit (100), the first array unit (100) includes three floating wind turbine components, the three floating wind turbine components include a first floating wind turbine component, a second floating wind turbine component and a third floating wind turbine component, the first floating wind turbine component is located between the second floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component, the first floating wind turbine component, the second floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component share a single anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating wind turbine component, the second floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component forms a first shared anchoring structure (101), the first floating wind turbine component and the second floating wind turbine component share a single anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating wind turbine component and the second floating wind turbine component forms a second shared anchoring structure (10). 102), the first floating fan assembly and the third floating fan assembly share one anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating fan assembly and the third floating fan assembly forms a third shared anchoring structure (103), the remaining two anchoring structures (10) in the second floating fan assembly and the third floating fan assembly form two first single-purpose anchoring structures (104), the floating fan (20) of the first floating fan assembly, the floating fan (20) of the second floating fan assembly, the first shared anchoring structure (101) and the second shared anchoring structure (102) define a first parallelogram structure, the floating fan (20) of the first floating fan assembly, the floating fan (20) of the third floating fan assembly, the first shared anchoring structure (101) and the third shared anchoring structure (103) define a second parallelogram structure.

9. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 8, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine array includes a plurality of the first array units (100), wherein the first direction (A) is the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine (20) of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first common anchoring structure (101), and the second direction (B) is the direction parallel to or coincident with the plane of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction (A). In the first direction (A), two adjacent first array units (100) are symmetrically arranged and share all the anchoring structures (10) on the line of symmetry; In the second direction (B), a plurality of first array units (100) are arranged in sequence and two first array units (100) arranged adjacent to each other share one anchoring structure (10).

10. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 7, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine array includes at least one second array unit (200), the second array unit (200) includes two floating wind turbine components, the two floating wind turbine components include a fourth floating wind turbine component and a fifth floating wind turbine component, the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component share two anchoring structures (10), the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component share two anchoring structures (10) to form two fourth shared anchoring structures (201), the fourth floating wind turbine component and the fifth floating wind turbine component The remaining two anchoring structures (10) in the floating wind turbine assembly form two second single-purpose anchoring structures (202), the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly, and one of the fourth common anchoring structures (201) define a second equilateral triangle, and the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly, and the other fourth common anchoring structure (201) define a third equilateral triangle.

11. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 10, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine array includes a plurality of second array units (200), wherein the third direction (C) is defined as the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fourth common anchoring structure (201), and the fourth direction (D) is defined as the direction parallel to or coincident with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction (C). On the third direction (C), a plurality of second array units (200) are staggered to form a sawtooth structure. Each second array unit (200) shares two anchoring structures (10) with an adjacent second array unit (200) and shares one anchoring structure (10) with another adjacent second array unit (200). In the fourth direction (D), a plurality of second array units (200) are arranged in sequence and two adjacent second array units (200) share two anchoring structures (10).

12. The floating wind turbine array according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, For the anchoring structure (10) having multiple mooring cables (14), the first ends of the winding sections (141) of the multiple mooring cables (14) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member (12), the winding directions of the winding sections (141) of the multiple mooring cables (14) are the same and the winding sections (141) of the multiple mooring cables (14) do not cross.

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