Mooring device and floating wind turbine with same

Abstract

The application provides a mooring device and a floating wind turbine unit with the same, wherein the mooring device of the floating wind turbine unit body comprises: a plurality of first anchoring bases; a plurality of elastic fixing members, which are arranged one by one in correspondence with the plurality of first anchoring bases, and each elastic fixing member comprises an elastic member; a plurality of anchor chains, which are arranged one by one in correspondence with the plurality of elastic fixing members, a first end of each anchor chain is connected to different positions of the floating wind turbine unit body, a second end of each anchor chain is connected to the corresponding elastic member, and a middle part of each anchor chain is slidably arranged on the first anchoring base corresponding to the connection of the elastic member; the anchor chain has a first anchor chain segment between the floating wind turbine unit body and the first anchoring base and a second anchor chain segment between the first anchoring base and the elastic fixing member; and the included angle between the first anchor chain segment and the second anchor chain segment is less than 180°. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem of large mooring radius of the wind turbine unit in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and more specifically, to a mooring device and a floating wind turbine having the same. Background Technology

[0002] In its development, offshore wind turbines have evolved from small-scale to large-scale, and from nearshore to deep-sea environments. The marine environment in deep-sea areas is much harsher than that in nearshore areas. Therefore, in order to connect the wind turbine to the seabed, multiple mooring cables are installed, and their length is increased to provide sufficient tension to the wind turbine.

[0003] In related technologies, mooring cables consist of a suspended section and a bottom-lying section. The mooring cable is directly connected between the anchor foundation and the floating wind turbine. This results in the mooring cable occupying a large area of ​​sea, which in turn leads to a large mooring radius for the offshore wind turbine. Each floating wind turbine is moored by multiple mooring cables, which also results in the floating wind turbine occupying a large area of ​​sea when it is deployed. When a ship sails into the area where the mooring cable is located, it may damage the mooring cable, affecting both the safety of the floating wind turbine and the navigation of the ship. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a mooring device and a floating wind turbine having the same, so as to solve the problem of large mooring radius of wind turbines in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a mooring device for a floating wind turbine body is provided, comprising: a plurality of first anchoring foundations; a plurality of elastic fasteners, each corresponding to one of the plurality of first anchoring foundations, the elastic fasteners including elastic elements; a plurality of anchor chains, each corresponding to one of the plurality of elastic fasteners, the first end of each anchor chain being connected to a different position on the floating wind turbine body, the second end of each anchor chain being connected to the elastic element of the corresponding elastic fastener, the middle portion of each anchor chain being slidably disposed on the first anchoring foundation corresponding to the elastic fastener, the anchor chain having a first anchor chain segment located between the floating wind turbine body and the first anchoring foundation and a second anchor chain segment located between the first anchoring foundation and the elastic fastener, the included angle between the first anchor chain segment and the second anchor chain segment being less than 180°; wherein, when the floating wind turbine body is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body pulls the anchor chain to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element, and when the floating wind turbine body is no longer subjected to force, the elastic element pulls the anchor chain to drive the floating wind turbine body to move toward the direction closer to the first anchoring foundation.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple first anchoring foundations are equally spaced in the circumferential direction, and the axes of the multiple first anchoring foundations enclose a circular mooring area.

[0007] Furthermore, the distance between the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners and the center of the circular mooring area is less than or equal to the radius of the circular mooring area.

[0008] Furthermore, the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners are equidistant from the center of the circular mooring area.

[0009] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the first anchoring foundation, and the anchor chain is slidably installed in the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic fastener also includes a fixed foundation and a rotating component. The rotating component is rotatably mounted on the fixed foundation, and the elastic component is connected between the fixed foundation and the rotating component. An anchor chain is wound around the rotating component. When the floating wind turbine body is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body pulls the anchor chain and drives the rotating component to rotate in the first direction to release the anchor chain. When the floating wind turbine body is no longer subjected to force, the elastic component drives the rotating component to rotate relative to the fixed foundation in the second direction to drive the anchor chain to wrap around the rotating component. The second direction is opposite to the first direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating component is a rotating cylinder, which is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed foundation. The elastic component is a spring, with the fixed foundation passing through the inside of the spring. The first end of the spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed foundation, and the second end of the spring is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the mooring device also includes multiple second anchoring bases, with the anchor chain successively passing around the first anchoring base and at least one second anchoring base and connected to the elastic fastener.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance between the axis of the second anchoring foundation and the center of the circular mooring area is less than the distance between the axis of the elastic fastener and the center of the circular mooring area.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a floating wind turbine is provided, comprising a floating wind turbine body and a mooring device connected to the floating wind turbine body, wherein the mooring device is the mooring device described above.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of this invention, multiple first anchoring foundations are correspondingly arranged with multiple elastic fasteners, each including an elastic element. Multiple anchor chains are also correspondingly arranged with multiple elastic fasteners. The first end of each anchor chain is connected to a different position on the floating wind turbine body, and the second end of each anchor chain is connected to the corresponding elastic element. The middle portion of each anchor chain is slidably set on the first anchoring foundation corresponding to the elastic element. Each anchor chain has a first anchor chain segment and a second anchor chain segment. The first anchor chain segment is located between the floating wind turbine body and the first anchoring foundation, and the second anchor chain segment is located between the first anchoring foundation and the elastic fastener. The included angle between the first and second anchor chain segments is less than 180°. When the floating wind turbine body is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body pulls the anchor chain, which can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element. When the floating wind turbine body is no longer subjected to force, the elastic element pulls the anchor chain, causing the floating wind turbine body to move towards the first anchoring foundation. Through the above arrangement, multiple anchor chains connect the floating wind turbine body and the first anchoring foundation. The anchor chain is slidably mounted on the first anchoring foundation at its center. This allows the floating wind turbine to pull the anchor chain when it drifts under stress, enabling the anchor chain to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element and thus move. Simultaneously, the anchor chain provides tension to the floating wind turbine, preventing uncontrolled drift. When the floating wind turbine is no longer under stress, the elastic force of the elastic element pulls the anchor chain, which then moves the floating wind turbine closer to the first anchoring foundation. Ultimately, the floating wind turbine moves to a position where its forces are balanced. The angle between the first and second anchor chain segments is less than 180°. This ensures that when the floating wind turbine body is not under stress, the straight-line distance between the elastic fixing member and the floating wind turbine body is less than the lengths of the first and second anchor chain segments. In other words, compared to directly connecting the first and second anchor chain segments to the elastic fixing member and the floating wind turbine body without passing through the first anchoring foundation, the mooring radius of the floating wind turbine body can be reduced, thereby reducing the sea area occupied by multiple anchor chains. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of large mooring radius of wind turbines in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a mooring device for a floating wind turbine body according to the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first anchoring foundation of the mooring device;

[0019] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the mooring system;

[0020] Figure 4 A top view schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the mooring device for the floating wind turbine body according to the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic fastener of the mooring device;

[0022] Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 A first-view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the elastic fastener of the mooring device;

[0023] Figure 7 It shows Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram from a second perspective of the elastic fastener of the mooring device;

[0024] Figure 8 It shows Figure 5 A third-view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the elastic fastener of the mooring device;

[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram comparing the mooring radius of the mooring device of the present invention with the mooring radius when the mooring cable is directly connected between the anchor foundation and the floating wind turbine is shown.

[0026] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 10. First anchoring foundation; 11. Slide groove; 20. Elastic fastener; 21. Elastic element; 211. Spring; 22. Fixed foundation; 23. Rotating element; 231. Rotating cylinder; 30. Anchor chain; 31. First anchor chain segment; 32. Second anchor chain segment; 40. Second anchoring foundation; 100. Floating wind turbine body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the mooring device for the floating wind turbine body in Embodiment 1 includes: multiple first anchoring foundations 10, multiple elastic fasteners 20, and multiple anchor chains 30. Each elastic fastener 20 corresponds to one of the multiple first anchoring foundations 10, and each elastic fastener 20 includes an elastic element 21. Each anchor chain 30 corresponds to one of the multiple elastic fasteners 20. The first end of each anchor chain 30 is connected to a different position on the floating wind turbine body 100, and the second end of each anchor chain 30 is connected to the elastic element 21 of the corresponding elastic fastener 20. The middle portion of each anchor chain 30 is slidably disposed on the first anchoring foundation 10 corresponding to the elastic fastener 20. Each anchor chain 30 has a first anchor chain segment 31 located between the floating wind turbine body 100 and the first anchoring foundation 10, and a second anchor chain segment 32 located between the first anchoring foundation 10 and the elastic fastener 20. The included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 is less than 180°. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body 100 pulls the anchor chain 30 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 21. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer subjected to force, the elastic element 21 pulls the anchor chain 30 to drive the floating wind turbine body 100 to move toward the direction closer to the first anchor foundation 10.

[0032] Applying the technical solution of Embodiment 1, multiple first anchoring foundations 10 are correspondingly arranged with multiple elastic fasteners 20, each elastic fastener 20 including an elastic element 21. Multiple anchor chains 30 are correspondingly arranged with multiple elastic fasteners 20. The first end of each anchor chain 30 is connected to a different position on the floating wind turbine body 100, and the second end of each anchor chain 30 is connected to the corresponding elastic element 21. The middle portion of each anchor chain 30 is slidably disposed on the first anchoring foundation 10 corresponding to the elastic element 21. Each anchor chain 30 has a first anchor chain segment 31 and a second anchor chain segment 32. The first anchor chain segment 31 is located between the floating wind turbine body 100 and the first anchoring foundation 10, and the second anchor chain segment 32 is located between the first anchoring foundation 10 and the elastic fastener 20. The included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 is less than 180°. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body 100 pulls the anchor chain 30, which can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 21. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer under stress, the elastic element 21 pulls the anchor chain 30, causing the floating wind turbine body 100 to move towards the first anchor foundation 10. Through the above arrangement, multiple anchor chains 30 connect the floating wind turbine body 100 and the first anchor foundation 10. The middle part of the anchor chain 30 is slidably mounted on the first anchor foundation 10, so that when the floating wind turbine body 100 drifts under stress, it can pull the anchor chain 30, allowing the anchor chain 30 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 21 and thus move. Simultaneously, the anchor chain 30 provides tension to the floating wind turbine body 100, preventing uncontrolled drift. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer under stress, the elastic force of the elastic element 21 can pull the anchor chain 30 to move. The anchor chain 30 then drives the floating wind turbine body 100 to move towards the first anchoring foundation 10. Finally, the floating wind turbine body 100 moves to a position where the forces on the floating wind turbine body 100 are balanced. The included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 is less than 180°. This ensures that when the floating wind turbine body 100 is not under stress, the straight-line distance between the elastic fixing element 20 and the floating wind turbine body 100 is less than the lengths of the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32. That is, compared to the first and second anchor chain segments being directly connected between the elastic fixing element and the floating wind turbine body without passing through the first anchoring foundation, the mooring radius of the floating wind turbine body 100 can be reduced, thereby reducing the sea area occupied by multiple anchor chains 30. Therefore, the technical solution of Embodiment 1 effectively solves the problem of large mooring radius of wind turbines in related technologies.

[0033] It should be noted that the connection between the second end of each anchor chain 30 and the elastic element 21 of the corresponding elastic fixing member 20 means that the anchor chain 30 and the elastic element 21 are directly connected, or the anchor chain 30 and the elastic element 21 are connected through a rotating cylinder. In Embodiment 1, the anchor chain 30 and the elastic element 21 are connected through a rotating cylinder. The floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer under stress because the wind force and wave thrust on the floating wind turbine body 100 are less than the elastic force of the elastic element 21. Therefore, when the floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer under stress, the floating wind turbine body 100 can move towards the direction closer to the first anchoring foundation 10. The middle part of the anchor chain 30 is slidably disposed on the first anchoring foundation 10 corresponding to the elastic fixing member 20, meaning that the part of the anchor chain 30 that slides on the first anchoring foundation 10 is located between the first end and the second end of the anchor chain 30.

[0034] Specifically, the mooring radius refers to the distance between the axis of the one of the first anchoring foundations 10 and the elastic fasteners 20 that is furthest from the floating wind turbine body 100 and the axis of the floating wind turbine body 100.

[0035] Preferably, in Embodiment 1, the included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 refers to the angle between the projection lines of the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 on the sea level. Preferably, the included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 is between 45° and 85°, thus allowing the elastic fastener to be located within the circular mooring area, reducing the mooring radius. Specifically, the included angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 can be 45°, 50°, 60°, 75°, or 85°, and of course, other values ​​are also possible.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in Embodiment 1, multiple first anchoring foundations 10 are equally spaced in the circumferential direction, and the axes of the multiple first anchoring foundations 10 form a circular mooring area. Through this arrangement, the floating wind turbine body 100, after being connected to the first anchoring foundations 10 and the elastic fasteners 20 via anchor chains 30, experiences more uniform and reasonable stress distribution.

[0037] It should be noted that any one of the first anchoring foundations 10 is the first first anchoring foundation, and the two first anchoring foundations 10 adjacent to the first anchoring foundation are the second and third first anchoring foundations, respectively. The angle between the line connecting the center of the first first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 and the line connecting the center of the second first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 is the first included angle. The angle between the line connecting the center of the first first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 and the line connecting the center of the third first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 is the second included angle. The angle between the line connecting the center of the second first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 and the line connecting the center of the third first anchoring foundation and the center of the floating wind turbine body 100 is the third included angle. The multiple first anchoring foundations 10 are equally spaced in the circumferential direction, meaning that when the floating wind turbine body 100 is under balanced force and the anchor chain is not released, the first, second, and third included angles are all the same.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the distance between the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners 20 and the center of the circular mooring area is less than or equal to the radius of the circular mooring area. This ensures that the elastic fasteners 20 are not located outside the circular mooring area, thus preventing the mooring device from increasing the sea area occupied by the anchor chain 30 due to their location outside the circular mooring area during use.

[0039] When the distance between the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners 20 and the center of the circular mooring area is less than the radius of the circular mooring area, the distance between the axes of the elastic fasteners 20 and the floating wind turbine body 100 is less than the distance between the axes of the first anchoring foundation 10 and the floating wind turbine body 100. That is, in the direction from the first end of the anchor chain 30 to the second end of the anchor chain 30, the distance between the anchor chain 30 and the floating wind turbine body 100 first increases and then decreases. In this way, compared with the anchor chain 30 being directly connected between the floating wind turbine body 100 and the elastic fasteners 20, the mooring radius of the mooring area occupied by the anchor chain 30 is reduced. Thus, using the mooring device to moor the floating wind turbine body 100 can reduce the mooring radius.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners 20 are equidistant from the center of the circular mooring area. This ensures that the force at the connection between the floating wind turbine body 100 and the elastic fasteners 20 via the anchor chain 30 is more uniform.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, in Embodiment 1, a groove 11 is provided on the first anchoring foundation 10, and the anchor chain 30 is slidably disposed within the groove 11. This arrangement allows the anchor chain 30 to connect to the first anchoring foundation 10 via the groove 11, facilitating the movement of the anchor chain 30 relative to the first anchoring foundation 10 when the floating wind turbine body 100 is under stress.

[0042] Preferably, the chute 11 is an annular groove, which is disposed on the outer surface of the first anchoring foundation 10, and the axis of the annular groove is collinear with the axis of the first anchoring foundation 10. The side of the annular groove closer to the center of the circular mooring area is the first chute body, and the side of the annular groove farther from the center of the circular mooring area is the second chute body. The top and bottom walls of the first chute body are parallel, and the two ends of the side walls of the first chute body are connected to the two ends of the side walls of the second chute body. From the centerline of the first anchoring foundation 10 to the outer side of the first anchoring foundation 10, the distance between the bottom and top walls of the second chute body gradually decreases, so that the bottom wall can protect the anchor chain 30 and prevent the anchor chain 30 from falling out of the chute 11 when it slides within the chute 11.

[0043] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the elastic fixing member 20 further includes a fixed base 22 and a rotating member 23. The rotating member 23 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 22. The elastic member 21 is connected between the fixed base 22 and the rotating member 23. The anchor chain 30 is wound around the rotating member 23. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body 100 pulls the anchor chain 30 and drives the rotating member 23 to rotate in a first direction to release the anchor chain 30. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is no longer subjected to force, the elastic member 21 drives the rotating member 23 to rotate relative to the fixed base 22 in a second direction to drive the anchor chain 30 to wrap around the rotating member 23. The second direction is opposite to the first direction. The rotating member 23 can rotate relative to the fixed base 22, so that when the floating wind turbine body 100 is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body 100 pulls the anchor chain 30 to move, and the anchor chain 30 can be released from the rotating member 23. When the anchor chain 30 is released from the rotating member 23, it can drive the rotating member 23 to rotate relative to the fixed foundation 22 in the first direction until the anchor chain 30 is partially or completely released. The rotating member 23 then comes to rest relative to the fixed foundation 22. The kinetic energy of the rotating member 23 is converted into the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 21. Therefore, after the force on the floating wind turbine body 100 disappears, the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 21 is released, driving the rotating member 23 to rotate relative to the fixed foundation 22 in the second direction. At the same time, the anchor chain 30 is wrapped around the rotating member, which also pulls the floating wind turbine body 100 toward the direction closer to the first anchor foundation 10.

[0044] It should be noted that the anchor chain 30, wound around the rotating member 23, also reduces the length of the anchor chain 30 between the floating wind turbine body 100 and the elastic fixing member 20, thereby reducing the area of ​​the circular mooring area occupied by the anchor chain 30. Both the first anchoring foundation 10 and the fixed foundation 22 need to be driven into the soil to bear tensile and pull-out forces; the first anchoring foundation 10 has a greater depth of penetration. The elastic fixing member 20 can roll up or release the anchor chain. When the floating wind turbine body 100 is subjected to load and undergoes swaying, longitudinal, or heaving motions, deviating from its original position, the anchor chain 30 is stressed and released by the rotating member 23. The connection point between the anchor chain 30 and the rotating member 23 is located on the side of the top of the rotating member.

[0045] Specifically, when the distance between the axes of the multiple elastic fasteners 20 and the center of the circular mooring area is less than the radius of the circular mooring area, the portion of the anchor chain 30 wrapped around the rotating member 23 is the third anchor chain segment. The total length of the anchor chain 30 is l, the length of the first anchor chain segment is l1, the length of the second anchor chain segment is l2, and the length of the third anchor chain segment is l3. l = l1 + l2 + l3. Compared to the anchor chain 30 being directly connected between the first anchoring foundation and the floating wind turbine body, the radius of the circular mooring area occupied by the mooring device in this embodiment is reduced by l - l1, and the area of ​​the central mooring area occupied is reduced by 1 - [(l1)]. 2 / l 2 When l is 1000 meters and l1 is 500 meters, the radius of the circular mooring area occupied by the mooring device is reduced by 500 meters, and the area of ​​the central mooring area occupied is reduced by 75%.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the rotating component 23 is a rotating cylinder 231, which is rotatably disposed on the outside of the fixed base 22. The elastic component 21 is a spring 211, with the fixed base 22 passing through the inside of the spring 211. The first end of the spring 211 is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end of the spring 211 is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 231. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 231 can drive the spring 211 to rotate, thereby gradually converting the kinetic energy of the rotating cylinder 231 into the elastic potential energy of the spring 211.

[0047] Preferably, in Embodiment 1, spring 211 is a first torsion spring, and the mooring device further includes a second torsion spring, a third torsion spring, and a fourth torsion spring, arranged sequentially from sea level to seabed. The first end of the second torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 231. The first end of the third torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 231. The first end of the fourth torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 231.

[0048] When the anchor chain 30 is released, the rotating cylinder 231 rotates, first compressing the first torsion spring, then the second torsion spring, then the third torsion spring, and finally the fourth torsion spring. When the anchor chain 30 is rewound onto the rotating cylinder 231, the fourth torsion spring is released first, then the third torsion spring, then the second torsion spring, and finally the first torsion spring.

[0049] It should be noted that the mooring device also includes a helical guide structure, a drive rod, a drive limiting assembly, and a first connecting cylinder. The helical guide structure includes a first thread on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder and a second thread on the inner surface of the fixed base, allowing the rotating cylinder to rotate more smoothly. The drive limiting assembly includes a first driven wheel. When the anchor chain 30 is released, under the action of the helical guide structure, the rotating cylinder 231 moves towards the seabed, thereby driving the drive rod to move towards the seabed. The drive rod is connected to the top of the rotating cylinder 231 and is coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder 231, so that when the rotating cylinder 231 rotates, it can drive the drive rod to rotate. The first connecting cylinder is arranged between the fixed base 22 and the first torsion spring. The first end of the first torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end of the first torsion spring is connected to the inner surface of the first connecting cylinder. The first driven wheel is arranged outside the first connecting cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the first connecting cylinder. The rotation of the drive rod can drive the first driven wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the first driven wheel can drive the first connecting cylinder to rotate.

[0050] The drive limiting assembly also includes a second driven wheel and a third driven wheel. The second driven wheel is rotatably mounted on the fixed base and meshes with the first driven wheel. The third driven wheel is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 22 and meshes with the second driven wheel. The drive rod drives the third driven wheel to rotate, and then the third driven wheel drives the second driven wheel to rotate. The drive limiting assembly also includes a limiting structure, which includes a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate located below the first limiting plate, a limiting shaft, and a compression spring. The first and second limiting plates are mounted on the fixed base 22. The second driven wheel is located between the first and second limiting plates. The compression spring is located inside the second limiting plate, and the limiting shaft is located on the second limiting plate. The limiting shaft can compress the compression spring in a direction away from the first limiting plate.

[0051] The drive limiting assembly also includes a fourth driven wheel, a fifth driven wheel, and a sixth driven wheel. The fourth driven wheel is coaxially arranged with the third driven wheel. A first connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 22, connecting the third and fourth driven wheels and coaxially arranged with them to ensure synchronous rotation. The fifth driven wheel meshes with the fourth driven wheel. A second connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed base, connecting the fifth and sixth driven wheels. The sixth driven wheel meshes with the first drive unit.

[0052] The outer surface of the drive rod is provided with a first spiral unlocking plate. When the anchor chain 30 is rewound to the rotating cylinder 231, the drive rod rotates until the first drive part engages with the sixth driven wheel. The first spiral unlocking plate presses the limiting shaft away from the first limiting plate until the second driven wheel presses the limiting shaft between the second driven wheel and the second limiting plate. The first torsion spring is released under the drive of the first driven wheel. The side of the second driven wheel facing the second limiting plate is provided with a first guide arc surface, and the side of the limiting shaft away from the second limiting plate is provided with a second guide arc surface. Under the action of the first guide arc surface and the second guide arc surface, the limiting shaft can enter the limiting hole more easily. Moreover, when the first spiral unlocking plate presses the limiting shaft to move away from the first limiting plate, the limiting shaft can retract more easily between the second limiting plate and the second driven wheel.

[0053] The axes of the first, second, third, and fourth driven gears are all parallel to the drive rod. The axes of the fifth and sixth driven gears are both perpendicular to the drive rod. The first, second, and third driven gears are spur gears, while the fourth and fifth driven gears are bevel gears. The sixth driven gear is a worm gear, and the first drive unit is a first worm.

[0054] The mooring device also includes a second connecting cylinder, which is disposed between the fixed base 22 and the second torsion spring. The first end of the second torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end of the second torsion spring is connected to the inner surface of the second connecting cylinder. A drive limiting assembly is also provided between the second connecting cylinder and the drive rod. The drive rod is also provided with a second spiral unlocking plate and a second drive unit at intervals. The second drive unit is a second worm gear, which meshes with a sixth driven wheel connected to the second connecting cylinder. The drive limiting assembly between the second connecting cylinder and the drive rod operates in the same way and on the same principle as the drive limiting assembly between the first connecting cylinder and the drive rod.

[0055] The mooring device also includes a third connecting cylinder, which is disposed between the fixed base 22 and the third torsion spring. The first end of the third torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end of the third torsion spring is connected to the inner surface of the third connecting cylinder. A drive limiting assembly is also provided between the third connecting cylinder and the drive rod. The drive rod is also provided with a third spiral unlocking plate and a third drive unit at intervals. The second drive unit is a third worm gear, which meshes with a sixth driven wheel connected to the third connecting cylinder. The drive limiting assembly disposed between the third connecting cylinder and the drive rod operates in the same way and on the same principle as the drive limiting assembly disposed between the first connecting cylinder and the drive rod.

[0056] The mooring device also includes a fourth connecting cylinder, which is positioned between the fixed base 22 and the fourth torsion spring. The first end of the fourth torsion spring is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base 22, and the second end is connected to the inner surface of the fourth connecting cylinder. A drive limiting assembly is also provided between the fourth connecting cylinder and the drive rod, but without a limiting shaft or compression spring. This allows the fourth torsion spring to release after the anchor chain 30 is fully released, driving the rotating cylinder 231 to rotate and causing the anchor chain 30 to rewind onto the rotating cylinder 231. The drive rod is equipped with a fourth drive section, which is a fourth worm gear. The fourth worm gear meshes with a sixth driven wheel connected to the fourth connecting cylinder. The drive limiting assembly positioned between the fourth connecting cylinder and the drive rod operates in the same way and on the same principle as the drive limiting assembly positioned between the first connecting cylinder and the drive rod.

[0057] When the mooring device is in use, the rotation of the rotating cylinder first drives the first connecting cylinder to rotate, which in turn compresses the first torsion spring. When the first torsion spring rotates to the first maximum torsion angle, the limiting shaft enters the limiting hole on the second driven wheel to limit the second driven wheel, so that the second driven wheel stops rotating. At this time, the first driving part on the drive rod no longer meshes with the sixth driven wheel, that is, the first connecting cylinder stops rotating, and the first connecting cylinder will not spring back under the action of the limiting shaft, so as to avoid affecting the anchor chain 30 to rewind onto the rotating cylinder 231. Then, the sixth driven wheel connected to the second connecting cylinder meshes with the second driving part, and the rotation of the rotating cylinder 231 can drive the second connecting cylinder to rotate until the second torsion spring rotates to the second maximum torsion angle. At this time, the limiting shaft connected to the second connecting cylinder enters the second driven wheel connected to the second connecting cylinder, so that the second connecting cylinder stops rotating. It should be noted that the process of the third connecting cylinder rotating and the fourth connecting cylinder rotating is the same as that of the first connecting cylinder and the second connecting cylinder, and will not be described again.

[0058] If the anchor chain 30 stops releasing and the limiting shaft does not enter the limiting hole before the first torsion spring rotates to the first maximum torsion angle, the first torsion spring can be released to allow the anchor chain 30 to rewind onto the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 231. When the second torsion spring rotates but has not yet reached the second maximum torsion angle, its operation is the same as when the first torsion spring has not rotated to the first maximum torsion angle. Similarly, when the third torsion spring rotates but has not yet reached the third maximum torsion angle, its operation is the same as when the first torsion spring has not rotated to the first maximum torsion angle. Likewise, when the fourth torsion spring rotates but has not yet reached the fourth maximum torsion angle, its operation is the same as when the first torsion spring has not rotated to the first maximum torsion angle.

[0059] When the second torsion spring rotates to the second maximum torsion angle, the third torsion spring rotates to the third maximum torsion angle, and the fourth torsion spring rotates to the fourth maximum torsion angle, the fourth torsion spring can be released because there is no limiting shaft on the second limiting plate connected to the fourth connecting cylinder. This release allows the fourth connecting cylinder to rotate, which in turn drives the sixth driven wheel connected to it to rotate. The rotation of the sixth driven wheel drives the fourth driving unit to rotate, which in turn drives the driving rod to rotate. The rotating cylinder can also rotate, causing the anchor chain 30 to rewind onto the rotating cylinder 231. After the fourth torsion spring is fully released, the third driving unit and the sixth driven wheel connected to the third connecting cylinder engage. The third spiral unlocking plate presses the limiting shaft between the second limiting plate and the second driven wheel, allowing the third connecting cylinder to rotate and the third torsion spring to be released. Similarly, the release processes of the first and second torsion springs are the same as those of the third torsion spring.

[0060] Specifically, the maximum tension of the anchor chain 30 is a kN. When the spring 211 rotates 1°, it requires an additional b kN of force. Therefore, when the spring 211 bears a kN of force, it rotates a / b° in total, and the number of rotations of the spring 211 is a / (b*360). The first torsion spring requires an additional b1 kN of force per 1° of rotation, the second torsion spring requires b2 kN, the third torsion spring requires b3 kN, and the fourth torsion spring requires b4 kN. The ratio of b1:b2:b3:b4 is 1:5:10:50. The tension force of the anchor chain 30 borne by the first torsion spring is a1 kN, the tension force of the anchor chain 30 borne by the second torsion spring is a2 kN, the tension force of the anchor chain 30 borne by the third torsion spring is a3 kN, and the tension force of the anchor chain 30 borne by the fourth torsion spring is a4 kN, wherein the value of a1:a2:a3:a4 is 0.02:0.06:0.2:0.72.

[0061] When the value of a is 2500 and the value of b is 1, the spring rotates a total of 2500°, completing 6.94 revolutions. The values ​​of a1, a2, a3, and a4 are all 50. When the values ​​of b1 are 0.1, b2 are 0.5, b3 are 1, and b4 are 5, the first torsion spring rotates a total of 500°, the second torsion spring rotates a total of 300°, the third torsion spring rotates a total of 500°, and the fourth torsion spring rotates a total of 360°, resulting in a total spring rotation of 1600° and 4.61 revolutions. Therefore, by setting the first, second, third, and fourth torsion springs, when the anchor chain 30 is at maximum tension, the number of revolutions of spring 211 can be reduced. This prevents spring 211 from failing due to repeated rotation during use, thus avoiding disruption to the normal operation of the elastic fastener 20.

[0062] The difference between Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that the mooring device also includes multiple second anchoring foundations 40.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, in Embodiment 2, the mooring device further includes multiple second anchoring bases 40, with the anchor chain 30 sequentially passing around the first anchoring base 10 and at least one second anchoring base 40 before connecting to the elastic fastener 20. By setting the second anchoring bases 40, the stress distribution on the first anchoring base 10 and the second anchoring base 40 can be made more reasonable, avoiding excessive stress transmitted to the first anchoring base 10 through the anchor chain 30 when the floating wind turbine body 100 is under high stress, thereby preventing damage to the first anchoring base 10 during use.

[0064] Preferably, the second anchoring foundation has the same structure as the first anchoring foundation. Each second anchoring foundation is located between the corresponding first anchoring foundation and the elastic fastener. From sea level to seabed, the floating wind turbine body, the first anchoring foundation, the second anchoring foundation, and the elastic fastener are spaced apart. When multiple second anchoring foundations are provided, they are equally spaced.

[0065] Specifically, when a second anchoring foundation 40 is provided, the portion of the second anchor chain segment 32 connecting the first anchoring foundation 10 and the second anchoring foundation 40 is the first branch segment, and the portion of the second anchor chain segment 32 connecting the second anchoring foundation 40 and the elastic fastener 20 is the second branch segment. The angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 being less than 180° refers to the angle between the first anchor chain segment and the first branch segment of the second anchor chain segment. The angle between the first branch segment and the second branch segment is also less than 180°. The angle between the first branch segment and the second branch segment refers to the angle between the projection lines of the first branch segment and the second branch segment on the sea level. Preferably, the angle between the first branch segment and the second branch segment is between 45° and 165°, allowing the second anchoring foundation 40 to be located inside the first anchoring foundation 10, further reducing the mooring radius. The angle between the first branch segment and the second branch segment can be 45°, 60°, 75°, 85°, 120°, 135°, 150° or 165°, or other values.

[0066] When multiple second anchoring foundations 40 are provided, the anchor chain passes through the first anchoring foundation, the multiple second anchoring foundations, and connects to the elastic fastener in sequence. The portion of the second anchor chain segment 32 connected between the first anchoring foundation 10 and the second anchoring foundation through which the second anchor chain segment 32 first passes is the third branch segment. The portion of the second anchor chain segment 32 connected between the second anchoring foundation 40 through which the second anchoring foundation 40 last passes and the elastic fastener 20 is the fourth branch segment. The remaining portion of the second anchor chain segment, excluding the third and fourth branch segments, is divided into multiple fifth branch segments. The angle between the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 being less than 180° refers to the angle between the first anchor chain segment and the third branch segment of the second anchor chain segment. Specifically, the angle between any two adjacent fifth branch segments, the angle between the third branch segment and the fifth branch segment closest to the third branch segment, and the angle between the fifth branch segment closest to the fourth branch segment and the fourth branch segment are also less than 180°. The angle between any two adjacent fifth branch segments is the fourth included angle, which refers to the angle between the projection lines of the two fifth branch segments on the sea level. The angle between the third branch segment and the fifth branch segment closest to the third branch segment is the fifth included angle, which refers to the angle between the projection line of the third branch segment on the sea level and the projection line of the fifth branch segment closest to the third branch segment on the sea level. The angle between the fifth branch segment closest to the fourth branch segment and the fourth segment is the sixth included angle, which refers to the angle between the projection line of the fifth branch segment closest to the fourth branch segment on the sea level and the projection line of the fourth segment on the sea level.

[0067] Preferably, the included angles of the fourth, fifth, and sixth angles are between 45° and 165°, so that the multiple second anchoring bases 40 can be located inside the first anchoring base 10, further reducing the mooring radius. The values ​​of the included angles of the fourth, fifth, and sixth angles can be 45°, 60°, 75°, 85°, 120°, 135°, 150°, or 165°, or of course, other values ​​are also possible.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the distance between the axis of the second anchoring foundation 40 and the center of the circular mooring area is less than the distance between the axis of the elastic fastener 20 and the center of the circular mooring area. This arrangement allows for a further reduction in the straight-line distance between the elastic fastener 20 and the floating wind turbine body 100 when using the anchor chain 30 to connect the floating wind turbine body 100 and the elastic fastener 20, thereby further reducing the mooring radius.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the floating wind turbine in Embodiment 1 includes a floating wind turbine body 100 and a mooring device connected to the floating wind turbine body 100, the mooring device being the aforementioned mooring device. When in use, because the distance between the elastic fixing member 20 and the floating wind turbine body 100 is less than the lengths of the first anchor chain segment 31 and the second anchor chain segment 32 when the floating wind turbine body 100 is not under stress, the mooring radius of the floating wind turbine body 100 can be reduced. The floating wind turbine with the aforementioned mooring device also has the aforementioned advantages.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0071] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0072] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mooring device for a floating wind turbine body, characterized in that, include: Multiple first anchorage foundations (10); Multiple elastic fasteners (20) are provided one-to-one with multiple first anchoring bases (10), and the elastic fasteners (20) include elastic elements (21); Multiple anchor chains (30) are provided one-to-one with multiple elastic fasteners (20). The first end of each anchor chain (30) is connected to a different position on the floating wind turbine body (100). The second end of each anchor chain (30) is connected to the elastic element (21) of the corresponding elastic fastener (20). The middle part of each anchor chain (30) is slidably disposed on the first anchoring foundation (10) corresponding to the elastic fastener (20). The anchor chain (30) has a first anchor chain segment (31) located between the floating wind turbine body (100) and the first anchoring foundation (10) and a second anchor chain segment (32) located between the first anchoring foundation (10) and the elastic fastener (20). The included angle between the first anchor chain segment (31) and the second anchor chain segment (32) is less than 180°. When the floating wind turbine body (100) is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body (100) pulls the anchor chain (30) to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element (21). When the floating wind turbine body (100) is no longer subjected to force, the elastic element (21) pulls the anchor chain (30) to drive the floating wind turbine body (100) to move toward the direction closer to the first anchor foundation (10). Multiple first anchoring foundations (10) are equally spaced in the circumferential direction and the axes of the multiple first anchoring foundations (10) enclose a circular mooring area; The distance between the axis of the plurality of elastic fasteners (20) and the center of the circular mooring area is less than or equal to the radius of the circular mooring area.

2. The mooring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axes of the plurality of elastic fasteners (20) are equidistant from the center of the circular mooring area.

3. The mooring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first anchoring foundation (10) is provided with a groove (11), and the anchor chain (30) is slidably disposed in the groove (11).

4. The mooring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic fastener (20) further includes a fixed base (22) and a rotating component (23). The rotating component (23) is rotatably disposed on the fixed base (22). The elastic component (21) is connected between the fixed base (22) and the rotating component (23). The anchor chain (30) is wound around the rotating component (23). When the floating wind turbine body (100) is subjected to force and drifts, the floating wind turbine body (100) pulls the anchor chain (30) and drives the rotating component (23) to rotate in a first direction to release the anchor chain (30). When the floating wind turbine body (100) is no longer subjected to force, the elastic component (21) drives the rotating component (23) to rotate relative to the fixed base (22) in a second direction to drive the anchor chain (30) to wrap around the rotating component (23). The second direction is opposite to the first direction.

5. The mooring apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating component (23) is a rotating cylinder (231), which is rotatably disposed on the outside of the fixed base (22). The elastic component (21) is a spring (211), which is inserted through the fixed base (22). The first end of the spring (211) is connected to the outer surface of the fixed base (22), and the second end of the spring (211) is connected to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder (231).

6. The mooring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mooring device also includes a plurality of second anchoring bases (40), and the anchor chain (30) passes in sequence around the first anchoring base (10) and at least one of the second anchoring bases (40) and is connected to the elastic fastener (20).

7. The mooring apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the axis of the second anchoring base (40) and the center of the circular mooring area is less than the distance between the axis of the elastic fastener (20) and the center of the circular mooring area.

8. A floating wind turbine, comprising a floating wind turbine body (100) and a mooring device connected to the floating wind turbine body (100), characterized in that, The mooring device is the mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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