A U-shaped cross-ventilation system for mechanical equipment rooms

Abstract

The application provides a U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room ventilation system, which comprises a first side equipment area and a second side equipment area which are independent closed spaces; a first side bulkhead and a second side bulkhead are located at the bottom of the first side equipment area and the second side equipment area, and the first side equipment area and the second side equipment area are connected through a bottom transverse channel above the bottom; a first fan is arranged in the first side equipment area, and a second fan is arranged in the second side equipment area; the first side equipment area and the second side equipment area are respectively provided with a first liquid level switch and a second liquid level switch. Through the independent closed space and the U-shaped water inlet structure formed by the bottom transverse channel, the technical problem that there is no novel ship structure in the prior art and the structure meets the transverse water inlet requirement can be solved.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship structural design, and in particular to a ventilation system that runs through a U-shaped mechanical equipment compartment. Background technology:

[0002] To meet the requirements for safe return to port, many systems on passenger ro-ro ships need to be redundantly designed, requiring a large number of devices. Many devices cannot be arranged in the engine room area and can only be arranged near the engine room. As a result, many mechanical and electrical devices are placed on the side of the ship, in the equipment rooms set up on both sides outside b / 5.

[0003] For international passenger and cargo ro-ro ships operating from designated ports in Northern Europe and the Baltic Sea, in addition to meeting the SOLAS regulations, their stability must also meet the Stockholm Agreement, which includes transverse flooding requirements.

[0004] There is an urgent need for a U-shaped ventilation system that traverses the mechanical equipment area, which would help solve the technical problem of the lack of a new ship structure that meets the requirements for transverse water intake. Summary of the Invention:

[0005] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a ventilation system for a U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room. By using an independent enclosed space and a bottom transverse channel to form a U-shaped water intake structure, it helps to solve the technical problem of the lack of a new type of ship structure that meets the transverse water intake requirements in the prior art.

[0006] The ventilation system of the U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room includes a first side equipment area and a second side equipment area, as well as a first side bulkhead and a second side bulkhead.

[0007] The first side device area and the second side device area are independent enclosed spaces;

[0008] The first side bulkhead and the second side bulkhead are located at the bottom of the first side equipment area and the second side equipment area, and are connected above the bottom of the first side equipment area and the second side equipment area by a bottom transverse channel;

[0009] A first fan is installed in the first side equipment area, and a second fan is installed in the second side equipment area;

[0010] The first liquid level switch and the second liquid level switch are respectively provided in the equipment area on one side and the equipment area on the other side.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first fan and the second fan are respectively equipped with a first ventilation electric damper and a second ventilation electric damper.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first fan and the second fan are further provided with a first transverse electric damper and a second transverse electric damper, respectively.

[0013] In one embodiment, the net opening area of ​​the first transverse electric airlock is not less than 10% of the transverse area of ​​the U-shaped cabin.

[0014] In one embodiment, in ventilation mode, the first and second electric ventilation dampers are in the open state, the transverse electric damper is in the closed state, and the first and second fans are operating.

[0015] In one embodiment, if the first or second level switch feeds back the hull breach information to the control system in this ventilation mode, the control system issues a command to stop the first and second fans from operating, and at the same time opens the first and second transverse electric airlocks, so that water can rush to the other side of the ship through the transverse water intake channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, when ventilation is not required in the equipment room, the first transverse electric damper and the second transverse electric damper on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room are in the open state.

[0017] In one embodiment, in the event of a fire, the first and second ventilation electric dampers, as well as the first and second transverse electric dampers, are automatically closed.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first side device area and the second side device area further include a third fan and a fourth fan, respectively.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first fan and the third fan have opposite air delivery directions and are located at both ends of the bottom transverse channel;

[0020] The second fan and the third fan have opposite air delivery directions. Attached image description:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a U-shaped ventilation system traversing between mechanical equipment in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a U-shaped ventilation system traversing between mechanical equipment in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] First side equipment area 1

[0025] Second side equipment area 2

[0026] First side bulkhead 3

[0027] Second side bulkhead 4

[0028] First wind turbine 5

[0029] Second fan 6

[0030] First liquid level switch 7

[0031] Second liquid level switch 8

[0032] First ventilation electric air damper 9

[0033] Second ventilation electric air damper 10

[0034] First transverse electric airlock 11

[0035] Second transverse electric air damper 12

[0036] Third fan 13

[0037] Fourth fan 14 Detailed implementation method:

[0038] For ro-ro passenger ships, stability requirements are paramount. If stability calculations after the empty ship test fail to meet the requirements, it can lead to anything from extensive on-site modifications and delayed delivery to, in severe cases, the inability to obtain ship inspection certificates and thus, failure to deliver the ship. However, ventilation and fire prevention requirements are equally crucial to the ship's safety performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a ventilation method for the ship and its side compartments that can meet the requirements for forced ventilation and fire-fighting closure ventilation while also satisfying the requirement for net flow area in the ventilation passages between U-shaped equipment rooms during transverse flooding.

[0039] When water rapidly flows from one side tank of a ship to the other side tank, if the venting in the side tank is not timely, back pressure will form in that side tank, thereby hindering the inflow of water and exacerbating asymmetrical water ingress.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a U-shaped ventilation system traversing between mechanical equipment in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a U-shaped ventilation system traversing a mechanical equipment room according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a ventilation system for a U-shaped traversing mechanical equipment space, the ventilation system for the U-shaped traversing mechanical equipment space including a first side equipment area 1 and a second side equipment area 2, as well as a first side bulkhead 3 and a second side bulkhead 4;

[0041] The first side equipment area 1 and the second side equipment area 2 are independent enclosed spaces;

[0042] The first side bulkhead 3 and the second side bulkhead 4 are located at the bottom of the first side equipment area 1 and the second side equipment area 2, and are connected above the bottom of the first side equipment area 1 and the second side equipment area 2 by a bottom transverse passage.

[0043] A first fan 5 is installed in the first side equipment area 1, and a second fan 6 is installed in the second side equipment area 2;

[0044] The first side equipment area 1 and the second side equipment area 2 are respectively equipped with a first liquid level switch 7 and a second liquid level switch 8.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first fan 5 and the second fan 6 are respectively provided with a first ventilation electric damper 9 and a second ventilation electric damper 10.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first fan 5 and the second fan 6 are respectively provided with a first transverse electric damper 11 and a second transverse electric damper 12.

[0047] In one embodiment, the net opening area of ​​the first transverse electric airlock is not less than 10% of the transverse area of ​​the U-shaped compartment. According to specifications, if the cross-sectional area of ​​the total air duct is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the transverse water inlet channel, the obstruction effect of air back pressure on water flow can be ignored. That is, to avoid the air obstruction effect of the ventilation duct affecting the transverse water inlet time of the "U-shaped compartment" and causing adverse factors to stability, meeting the requirement of transverse water inlet within 60 seconds requires ensuring that each side of the "U-shaped compartment" has a ventilation channel not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the transverse water inlet channel.

[0048] Because many devices in the U-shaped equipment room require heat dissipation, forced air supply and exhaust are necessary. Conventional designs require mechanical fans in the inlet and outlet ducts. However, these fans have densely packed blades, which can severely obstruct airflow during transverse flooding when the fans are not running. Therefore, the current ventilation design often fails to meet the requirement that the total cross-sectional area of ​​the narrowest point of the ventilation duct (i.e., the location of the ventilation fan) be at least 10% of the transverse flooding cross-sectional area, leading to reduced capsizing resistance. Furthermore, this area is classified as a mechanical space and is subject to fire safety regulations. Fire dampers are installed at the air inlets and outlets, and the size and operation of these dampers significantly impact the duration of transverse flooding.

[0049] This embodiment provides a specific implementation method in which the net opening area of ​​the first transverse electric airlock is not less than 10% of the transverse area of ​​the U-shaped cabin.

[0050] In one embodiment, in ventilation mode, the first ventilation electric damper 9 and the second ventilation electric damper 10 are in the open state, the transverse electric damper is in the closed state, and the first fan 5 and the second fan 6 are operating.

[0051] In one embodiment, if the first or second level switch feeds back the hull breach information to the control system in this ventilation mode, the control system issues a command to stop the first and second fans from operating, and at the same time opens the first and second transverse electric airlocks, so that water can rush to the other side of the ship through the transverse water intake channel.

[0052] In one embodiment, when ventilation is not required in the equipment room, the first transverse electric air damper 11 and the second transverse electric air damper 12 on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room are in the open state.

[0053] In one embodiment, in the event of a fire, the first ventilation electric damper 9 and the second ventilation electric damper 10, as well as the first transverse electric damper 11 and the second transverse electric damper 12, are automatically closed.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first side device area 1 and the second side device area 2 further include a third fan 13 and a fourth fan 14, respectively.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first fan 5 and the third fan 6 have opposite air delivery directions and are located at both ends of the bottom transverse channel;

[0056] The second fan and the third fan have opposite air delivery directions.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown above, the U-shaped equipment room adopts an overall mechanical ventilation scheme, treating the entire U-shaped equipment room as a whole. Mechanical supply fans and electric ventilation dampers are installed on the structural ventilation channel of the side equipment room (right), and mechanical exhaust fans and electric ventilation dampers are installed on the structural ventilation channel of the side equipment room (left), so that forced ventilation convection is formed between the side equipment room (right) and the side equipment room (left). A transverse electric ventilation damper is also installed on the structural ventilation channel of the side equipment room (right) and the side equipment room (left), and the net opening area of ​​the transverse electric ventilation damper is not less than 10% of the transverse area of ​​the U-shaped compartment. At the same time, the side equipment room (right) and the side equipment room (left) are respectively equipped with bilge level switches.

[0058] In ventilation mode, the ventilation motorized dampers are open, the transverse motorized dampers are closed, and the supply and exhaust fans operate to meet the forced air supply and exhaust requirements of the U-shaped equipment room. If, in this ventilation mode, one side of the U-shaped equipment room is damaged, the bilge level switch will send the damage information to the control system. The control system will then issue a command to stop the fans and simultaneously open the transverse motorized dampers on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room. This allows water to rush through the transverse inlet channel to the side equipment room on the other side of the ship, thereby quickly achieving a balanced state and reducing the risk of capsizing.

[0059] When ventilation is not required in the equipment room, the transverse electric airlocks on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room are open. At this time, if one side of the U-shaped equipment room is damaged, water can rush through the transverse water intake channel to the side equipment room on the other side of the ship, thereby quickly achieving a state of equilibrium and reducing the risk of the ship capsizing.

[0060] In the event of a fire in the U-shaped equipment room, all dampers, including the ventilation electric damper and the transverse electric damper, will automatically close to meet ventilation safety and fire prevention requirements.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the U-shaped equipment room adopts a single-sided independent ventilation scheme. The side equipment room (left) and the side equipment room (right) are each equipped with two structural ventilation ducts. These two structural ventilation ducts are respectively equipped with mechanical supply fans and electric ventilation dampers, as well as mechanical exhaust fans and electric ventilation dampers. The mechanical supply fans and mechanical exhaust fans of the structural ventilation of the side equipment room on one side work simultaneously, so that independent forced ventilation is formed in the side equipment room on each side. At the same time, each of the two structural ventilation ducts of the side equipment room on each side is also equipped with a transverse electric damper. When the transverse electric damper is open, the net flow area is not less than 10% of the transverse duct area of ​​the U-shaped equipment room.

[0062] In ventilation mode, the ventilation motorized dampers are open, the transverse motorized dampers are closed, and the supply and exhaust fans operate, allowing each side equipment room to independently meet the requirements of forced air supply and exhaust. If, in this ventilation mode, one side of the U-shaped equipment room is damaged, the bilge level switch will send the damage information to the control system. The control system will then issue a command to stop the fans and simultaneously open all transverse motorized dampers on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room, allowing water to rush through the transverse inlet channel to the other side equipment room, thereby quickly achieving a balanced state and reducing the risk of capsizing.

[0063] When ventilation is not required in the equipment room, the transverse electric airlocks on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room are open. At this time, if one side of the U-shaped equipment room is damaged, water can rush through the transverse water intake channel to the side equipment room on the other side of the ship, thereby quickly achieving a state of equilibrium and reducing the risk of the ship capsizing.

[0064] In the event of a fire in the U-shaped equipment room, all dampers, including the electric ventilation dampers on each side and the transverse electric damper, will automatically close to meet ventilation safety and fire prevention requirements.

Claims

1. A ventilation system traversing a U-shaped mechanical equipment room, characterized in that, The ventilation system for the U-shaped traverse mechanical equipment room includes: A first side equipment area (1) and a second side equipment area (2), wherein the first side equipment area (1) and the second side equipment area (2) are independent enclosed spaces; A first side bulkhead (3) and a second side bulkhead (4) are located at the bottom of the first side equipment area (1) and the second side equipment area (2), and the bottom of the first side equipment area (1) and the second side equipment area (2) are connected by a bottom transverse passage (4). A first fan (5) is provided in the first side equipment area (1), and a second fan (6) is provided in the second side equipment area (2). The first side equipment area (1) and the second side equipment area (2) are respectively provided with a first liquid level switch (7) and a second liquid level switch (8); The first fan (5) and the second fan (6) are also provided with a first transverse electric air damper (11) and a second transverse electric air damper (12); The net opening area of ​​the first transverse electric airlock (11) and the second transverse electric airlock (12) is not less than 10% of the transverse area of ​​the U-shaped cabin.

2. The ventilation system for the U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fan (5) and the second fan (6) are respectively equipped with a first ventilation electric damper (9) and a second ventilation electric damper (10).

3. The ventilation system for the U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room according to claim 2, characterized in that, In ventilation mode, the first ventilation electric damper (9) and the second ventilation electric damper (10) are in the open state, the first transverse electric damper (11) and the second transverse electric damper (12) are in the closed state, and the first fan (5) and the second fan (6) are in operation.

4. The ventilation system for the U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room according to claim 3, characterized in that, If, in this ventilation mode, the first liquid level switch (7) or the second liquid level switch (8) feeds back the hull breach information to the control system, the control system issues a command to stop the first fan (5) and the second fan (6) from working, and at the same time opens the first transverse electric airlock (11) and the second transverse electric airlock (12), so that water can rush to the other side of the ship through the transverse water intake channel.

5. The ventilation system for the U-shaped transverse mechanical equipment room according to claim 4, characterized in that, When ventilation is not required in the equipment room, the first transverse electric air damper (11) and the second transverse electric air damper (12) on both sides of the U-shaped equipment room are in the open state.

6. The ventilation system for the U-shaped traversing mechanical equipment room according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the event of a fire, the first ventilation electric damper (9) and the second ventilation electric damper (10), as well as the first transverse electric damper (11) and the second transverse electric damper (12), will automatically close.

7. The ventilation system for a U-shaped traversing mechanical equipment room according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first side equipment area (1) and the second side equipment area (2) further include a third fan (13) and a fourth fan (14), respectively.

8. The ventilation system for the U-shaped traversing mechanical equipment room according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first fan (5) and the third fan (13) have opposite air supply directions and are located at both ends of the bottom transverse channel; The second fan (6) and the fourth fan (14) have opposite air delivery directions.

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