A variable cross-section formwork and a construction method of a variable cross-section immersed tube

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of immersed tube construction, and particularly relates to a variable cross-section formwork and a construction method of a variable cross-section immersed tube. The variable cross-section formwork comprises an inner formwork system and an outer formwork system, the inner formwork system is located inside the outer formwork system, two outer sides of the inner formwork system have first inclined surfaces that are relatively inclined inward, two inner sides of the outer formwork system have second inclined surfaces that are relatively inclined inward, and the second inclined surfaces correspond to the first inclined surfaces on the same side. The area between the inner formwork system and the outer formwork system is poured to form the immersed tube. When the immersed tube is poured, the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface on the same side have an inclined side wall therebetween, a horn section of the immersed tube is formed, and the immersed tube realizes lane convergence through the horn section. The variable cross-section formwork is used to pour the immersed tube, the immersed tube has a horn section, a variable cross-section immersed tube is formed, and the construction requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersed tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a variable cross-section template and a construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale immersed tunnel casting is a critical and dangerous engineering operation. It generally adopts a standardized steel structure formwork structure, which is usually applied in a modular form, divided into main parts such as the bottom plate, walls, and top plate. The existing immersed tunnel formwork structure is generally reused for segment casting, that is, one model is used for casting all segments and parts.

[0003] However, existing immersed tunnel template structures are limited in versatility, only suitable for prefabricated immersed tunnel sections of fixed specifications, resulting in poor flexibility. Changes in the dimensions of the immersed tunnel structure can render the template unsuitable. For example, in urban immersed tunnel construction, when the buried section at the end of the immersed tunnel is shallow, it may be necessary to complete a confluence at the end of the tunnel, reducing an 8-lane roadway to a 6-lane roadway. Figure 1 As shown, a trumpet section 100 needs to be set at the end of the immersed tube, that is, the end of the immersed tube has a variable cross section, forming a variable cross section immersed tube 10, in order to realize lane merging. However, the existing immersed tube templates are universal and have poor flexibility. They are only suitable for the prefabrication of immersed tubes of fixed specifications and models, and are difficult to be used for the casting of variable cross section immersed tubes, thus failing to meet the construction requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing immersed tube template structures in the background art are only suitable for the prefabrication of immersed tubes of fixed specifications and models, and are difficult to apply to the casting of immersed tubes with variable cross-sections, by providing a variable cross-section template and a construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tube.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A variable cross-section template includes an inner template system and an outer template system, wherein the inner template system is located inside the outer template system;

[0007] The inner template system has two outer sides with relatively inwardly inclined first inclined surfaces, and the outer template system has two inner sides with relatively inwardly inclined second inclined surfaces, the second inclined surfaces corresponding to the first inclined surfaces on the same side;

[0008] The area between the inner formwork system and the outer formwork system is poured to form a variable cross-section immersed tube.

[0009] The variable cross-section formwork described in this application has an inner formwork system located inside an outer formwork system. The two outer sides of the inner formwork system have relatively inwardly inclined first slopes, and the two inner sides of the outer formwork system have relatively inwardly inclined second slopes. The second slopes correspond to the first slopes on the same side. During the pouring of the immersed tube, an inclined sidewall is formed between the second slope and the first slope on the same side, creating a trumpet-shaped section of the immersed tube. This allows the immersed tube to achieve lane merging through the trumpet-shaped section. By using the variable cross-section formwork of this application for the pouring of the immersed tube, the immersed tube has a trumpet-shaped section, forming a variable cross-section immersed tube, thereby meeting the construction requirements.

[0010] Preferably, the outer formwork system includes two oppositely arranged outer formwork frames, the top of which is connected to a tie rod truss, the tie rod truss and the outer formwork frames forming a frame structure, and the inner formwork system is located within the frame structure;

[0011] It also includes an outer mold compensation block, which is installed at the turning point of the outer mold frame.

[0012] The outer formwork compensation block is installed at the turning point of the outer formwork frame. The shape of the outer formwork frame is changed by the outer formwork compensation block so that the two inner sides of the outer formwork frame have a second inclined surface that is relatively inclined inward. This makes the two inner sides of the outer formwork system have a second inclined surface that is relatively inclined inward. By setting the outer formwork compensation block, the outer formwork system can adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure so that the variable cross-section immersed tube can be poured through the outer formwork system and the inner formwork system.

[0013] Preferably, the outer formwork frame includes inclined segment trusses and straight segment trusses, and the outer formwork compensation block is disposed between the inclined segment trusses and the straight segment trusses. Installing the outer formwork compensation block within the outer formwork frame allows the outer formwork frame to bend, thereby enabling the outer formwork frame to adapt to variable cross-section immersed tube structures.

[0014] Preferably, it includes an anti-buoyancy structure, which is disposed at the bottom of the outer mold frame and connected to the outer mold frame;

[0015] It also includes a horizontal support structure, which is located on the side of the outer mold frame away from the outer mold, and the horizontal support structure abuts against the lower part of the outer mold frame.

[0016] By setting an anti-buoyancy structure at the bottom of the outer mold frame to fix the outer mold frame, the upward buoyancy force at the bottom of the outer mold frame is resisted, ensuring the safety and stability of the outer mold frame;

[0017] By setting up horizontal support structures to support the lower part of the outer formwork frame, the rigidity of the outer formwork frame is increased, thus preventing bulging of the formwork during concrete pouring.

[0018] Preferably, the system further includes diagonal braces connected to the side of the outer mold frame away from the outer mold. By providing diagonal braces to support the outer mold frame, the stability of the outer mold frame is ensured.

[0019] Preferably, the inner template system includes an outer mold, a middle cavity mold, and an inner mold connected in sequence;

[0020] It also includes an inner mold compensation template, which includes a central cavity variable cross-section compensation block and a side mold compensation block. The central cavity variable cross-section compensation block is installed between the outer mold and the central cavity mold, and the side mold compensation block is installed at the turning point of the outer mold.

[0021] The cavity variable cross-section compensation block is installed between the outer mold and the cavity mold, and the side mold compensation block is installed at the turning point of the outer mold. The shape of the inner template system is changed by the cavity variable cross-section compensation block and the side mold compensation block so that the two outer sides of the inner template system have a first inclined surface that is relatively inclined inward. By setting the cavity variable cross-section compensation block and the side mold compensation block, the inner template system can adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure so that the variable cross-section immersed tube can be poured through the inner template system and the outer template system.

[0022] Preferably, one side of the cavity variable cross-section compensation block is connected to the cavity mold, and the other side of the cavity variable cross-section compensation block supports the outer mold through a telescopic rod.

[0023] By installing the variable cross-section compensation block between the outer mold and the central mold, the cross-sectional shape of the inner mold system is changed, enabling the inner mold system to perform the pouring of the horn section of the immersed tube, forming a variable cross-section immersed tube. While adding the variable cross-section compensation block to the central mold, the central mold also supports the outer mold through a telescopic rod. During construction, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod is controlled to control the retraction and expansion of the outer mold, so that the outer mold can be extended and retracted according to construction needs. Thus, the addition of the variable cross-section compensation block does not affect the normal use of the outer mold.

[0024] Preferably, the cavity mold includes a cavity top mold, a cavity main beam, and cavity support legs connected sequentially from top to bottom;

[0025] The cavity variable cross-section compensation block includes a top formwork compensation block and a main beam compensation block connected vertically.

[0026] One side of the top mold compensation block is connected to the middle cavity top mold, one side of the main beam compensation block is connected to the middle cavity main beam, and the other side of the top mold compensation block is hinged to the top of the outer mold. The other side of the main beam compensation block is connected to the lower part of the outer mold through the telescopic rod.

[0027] Preferably, the outer mold includes a sloped side mold and a straight side mold, and the side mold compensation block is disposed between the sloped side mold and the straight side mold. Installing the side mold compensation block inside the outer mold allows the outer mold to bend, thereby enabling the outer mold to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure.

[0028] Preferably, the cavity variable cross-section compensation block is wedge-shaped along the length of the inner template system. By setting the cavity variable cross-section compensation block into a wedge shape, the cavity template can be adapted to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure.

[0029] This application also discloses a construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tube, which, using the variable cross-section template described in this application, further includes the following construction steps:

[0030] S1: First, install the central cavity mold and the inner side mold, and then connect the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block to the central cavity mold;

[0031] S2: Install the side formwork compensation block on the outer formwork, then connect the outer formwork to the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block, and then tie the reinforcing cage on the outside of the inner formwork system;

[0032] S3: Install the outer formwork compensation block on the outer formwork frame, and then install the outer formwork frame on the outside of the outer outer formwork, with the outer formwork frame abutting against the reinforcing cage;

[0033] S4: Install the tie rod truss on top of the outer formwork frame, so that the outer formwork frame and the tie rod truss form the frame structure, and then pour concrete in the area between the inner formwork system and the outer formwork system;

[0034] S5: After the concrete has solidified, the outer formwork system and the inner formwork system will be removed one by one to complete the construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube.

[0035] This application describes a construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tunnel. It utilizes a central cavity variable cross-section compensation block, side formwork compensation blocks, and outer formwork compensation blocks to modify the shapes of the inner and outer formwork systems. This allows the inner and outer formwork systems to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tunnel structure, enabling the casting of the variable cross-section immersed tunnel through these systems. This method allows existing immersed tunnel formwork to be used for variable cross-section immersed tunnel construction by adding variable cross-section compensation blocks. It solves the problem that existing immersed tunnel formwork structures are limited in versatility, only suitable for prefabricated immersed tunnels of fixed specifications, and unsuitable for casting variable cross-section immersed tunnels. Furthermore, by adding inner and outer formwork compensation blocks to existing immersed tunnel formwork for variable cross-section casting, it avoids the need to re-fabricate the formwork for the variable cross-section immersed tunnel, effectively saving resources. Construction costs were reduced, and construction efficiency was improved. During construction, the inner formwork system was installed first, and the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block and the side formwork compensation block were installed on the inner formwork system to change the cross-sectional shape of the inner formwork system to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube formwork. This gave the outer formwork a first inclined surface, allowing the inner formwork system to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure. Then, the steel cage of the variable cross-section immersed tube was tied, and the outer formwork system was constructed. At the same time, the outer formwork compensation block was installed on the outer formwork frame, giving the outer formwork frame a second inclined surface that was relatively inward. This gave the outer formwork system a second inclined surface that was relatively inward, allowing the outer formwork frame to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure. Finally, the concrete was poured in the area between the inner and outer formwork systems to complete the construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. The variable cross-section formwork described in this application has an inner formwork system located inside an outer formwork system. The inner formwork system has two outer sides with relatively inwardly inclined first slopes, and the outer formwork system has two inner sides with relatively inwardly inclined second slopes. The second slopes correspond to the first slopes on the same side. During the pouring of the immersed tube, an inclined sidewall is formed between the second slope and the first slope on the same side, creating a trumpet-shaped section of the immersed tube. This allows the immersed tube to achieve lane merging through the trumpet-shaped section. By using the variable cross-section formwork of this application for the pouring of the immersed tube, the immersed tube has a trumpet-shaped section, forming a variable cross-section immersed tube, thereby meeting the construction requirements.

[0038] 2. The construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tunnel as described in this application utilizes a central cavity variable cross-section compensation block, side formwork compensation blocks, and outer formwork compensation blocks to modify the shape of the inner and outer formwork systems. This allows the inner and outer formwork systems to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tunnel structure, enabling the casting of the variable cross-section immersed tunnel through the inner and outer formwork systems. This method allows existing immersed tunnel formwork to be used for variable cross-section immersed tunnel construction after the addition of variable cross-section compensation blocks. It solves the problem that existing immersed tunnel formwork structures are limited in versatility, only suitable for prefabricated immersed tunnels of fixed specifications and models, and difficult to apply to the casting of variable cross-section immersed tunnels. Furthermore, since the casting of the variable cross-section immersed tunnel is carried out by adding inner and outer formwork compensation blocks to the existing immersed tunnel formwork, the re-fabrication of the variable cross-section immersed tunnel formwork is avoided, effectively saving costs. This approach reduces construction costs and improves efficiency. During construction, the inner formwork system is installed first, with the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block and side formwork compensation block installed on it to change the cross-sectional shape of the inner formwork system to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube support. This gives the outer formwork a first inclined surface, allowing the inner formwork system to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure. Then, the reinforcing cage of the variable cross-section immersed tube is tied, followed by the construction of the outer formwork system. Simultaneously, the outer formwork compensation block is installed on the outer formwork frame, giving the outer formwork frame a relatively inwardly inclined second surface, thus allowing the outer formwork system to adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure. Finally, concrete is poured in the area between the inner and outer formwork systems to complete the variable cross-section immersed tube construction. Attached image description:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube in this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a front view of the internal template system in this application (without the internal template compensation template installed).

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 1 .

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 2 .

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 3 .

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 4 .

[0045] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part A.

[0046] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of section B.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 5 .

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 6 .

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the variable cross-section immersed tube construction of this application. Figure 7 .

[0050] Figure 12 This is a plan view of the internal template system of this application.

[0051] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A magnified view of a portion of point D.

[0052] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the side mold compensation block structure.

[0053] Figure 15 This is an installation plan view of the inner template system and the outer template system of this application.

[0054] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A magnified view of a portion of point C.

[0055] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the outer mold compensation block structure.

[0056] Figure 18 This is a plan view showing the cooperation between the inner template system and the outer template system of this application.

[0057] Markings in the diagram: 1-Inner formwork system, 110-First inclined plane, 11-Cavity formwork, 111-Cavity top formwork, 112-Cavity main beam, 113-Cavity support leg, 12-Outer formwork, 121-Sloping section side formwork, 122-Straight section side formwork, 13-Inner side formwork, 2-Outer formwork system, 210-Second inclined plane, 21-Outer formwork frame, 211-Sloping section truss, 212-Straight section truss, 22-Tie rod truss, 3-Cavity variable cross-section compensation block, 31-Top formwork compensation block, 32-Main beam compensation block, 4-Side formwork compensation block, 41-First rectangular web, 42-First 43-Second rectangular web, 5-Outer formwork compensation block, 51-Trapezoidal frame, 52-Modible cross brace, 6-Diagonal brace, 7-Anti-buoyancy structure, 71-Anti-buoyancy base, 72-Anti-buoyancy embedded part, 73-Anti-buoyancy rod, 8-Horizontal support structure, 81-Fixed base, 82-Fixed embedded part, 83-Connecting nut, 84-Horizontal strut, 9-Mobile trolley, 10-Variable cross-section immersed tube, 20-Inner formwork strut, 30-Telescopic rod, 40-Temporary support leg, 50-First concrete, 60-Second concrete, 70-Reinforcing cage, 90-Support layer, 100-Flare section. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0059] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0060] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc. in terminology is merely for distinguishing identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0062] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0063] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figures 1-18 As shown, a variable cross-section template of this embodiment includes an inner template system 1 and an outer template system 2, with the inner template system 1 located inside the outer template system 2;

[0066] The inner template system 1 has two outer sides with relatively inwardly inclined first inclined surfaces 110, and the outer template system 2 has two inner sides with relatively inwardly inclined second inclined surfaces 210, the second inclined surfaces 210 corresponding to the first inclined surfaces 110 on the same side;

[0067] like Figures 9-10As shown, the area between the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2 is poured to form a variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0068] This embodiment provides a variable cross-section template, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 18 As shown, the inner formwork system 1 is located inside the outer formwork system 2, and the two outer sides of the inner formwork system 1 have relatively inwardly inclined first inclined surfaces 110, and the two inner sides of the outer formwork system 2 have relatively inwardly inclined second inclined surfaces 210. The second inclined surfaces 210 correspond to the first inclined surfaces 110 on the same side. When pouring the immersed tube, the second inclined surfaces 210 and the first inclined surfaces 110 on the same side are inclined sidewalls, forming the trumpet section 100 of the immersed tube, thereby forming a variable cross-section immersed tube 10. The variable cross-section immersed tube 10 is poured using the variable cross-section formwork of this embodiment to meet the construction requirements.

[0069] like Figure 9 As shown, the outer formwork system 2 includes two oppositely arranged outer formwork frames 21. The top of the outer formwork frames 21 is connected to a tie rod truss 22. The tie rod truss 22 and the outer formwork frames 21 form a frame structure. The inner formwork system 1 is located inside the frame structure.

[0070] like Figures 15-16 As shown, it also includes an outer mold compensation block 5, which is installed at the turning point of the outer mold frame 21 along the length direction of the inner mold system 1.

[0071] The outer mold compensation block 5 is installed at the turning point of the outer mold frame 21. The shape of the outer mold frame 21 is changed by the outer mold compensation block 5 so that the two inner sides of the outer mold frame 21 have relatively inwardly inclined second slopes 210. This also makes the two inner sides of the outer template system 2 have relatively inwardly inclined second slopes 210. By setting the outer mold compensation block 5, the outer template system 2 can adapt to the structure of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 so that the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 can be poured through the outer template system 2 and the inner template system 1.

[0072] A preferred method, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, the outer mold 12 includes a diagonal segment side mold 121 and a straight segment side mold 122, and the side mold compensation block 4 is disposed between the diagonal segment side mold 121 and the straight segment side mold 122.

[0073] like Figure 12 As shown, during the installation of the inner template system 1, the side template compensation block 4 is installed on the outer template 12. The side template compensation block 4 includes a rectangular web and a wedge-shaped web, which together form the side template compensation block 4. In this embodiment, as shown... Figures 13-14As shown, the side mold compensation block 4 is composed of a first rectangular web 41, a first wedge-shaped web 42, and a second rectangular web 43. The inclined side of the first wedge-shaped web 42 is connected to the first rectangular web 41, and the side of the first wedge-shaped web 42 away from the inclined side is connected to the second rectangular web 43, thus forming a template with a turning shape. During installation, the side mold compensation block 4 is placed in the area where the outer mold 12 needs to turn. The two sides of the side mold compensation block 4 are connected to the outer mold 12 respectively, so that the vertical outer mold 12 can turn.

[0074] Among them, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, the outer mold 12 includes a sloping section side mold 121 and a straight section side mold 122. At the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the side mold compensation block 4 is connected to both ends of the sloping section side mold 121, and the straight section side mold 122 is connected to the side of the side mold compensation block 4 away from the sloping section side mold 121, so that the side mold compensation block 4 is installed between the sloping section side mold 121 and the straight section side mold 122, thereby realizing the turning setting of the outer mold 12 at the horn section 100, so that the outer mold 12 can adapt to the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0075] A preferred method, such as Figures 15-17 As shown, the outer formwork frame 21 includes a diagonal truss 211 and a straight truss 212, and the outer formwork compensation block 5 is disposed between the diagonal truss 211 and the straight truss 212.

[0076] An outer mold compensation block 5 is installed inside the outer mold frame 21, so that the outer mold frame 21 can be bent, thereby enabling the outer mold frame 21 to adapt to the trumpet section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0077] like Figure 15 As shown, the outer formwork compensation block 5 is installed on the outer formwork frame 21. Along the length of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the outer formwork frame 21 includes a diagonal truss 211 and a straight truss 212. At the trumpet section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the outer formwork compensation block 5 is connected to both ends of the diagonal truss 211, and the straight truss 212 is connected to the side of the outer formwork compensation block 5 away from the diagonal truss 211. This achieves the bending setting of the outer formwork frame 21 at the trumpet section 100, so that the outer formwork frame 21 can adapt to the trumpet section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0078] like Figures 16-17 As shown, during the installation of the outer formwork system 2, the outer formwork compensation block 5 is installed between the inclined segment truss 211 and the straight segment truss 212. The outer formwork compensation block 5 includes a trapezoidal frame 51 and movable cross braces 52, as shown. Figure 17During installation, the trapezoidal frame 51 is placed in the area where the outer mold frame 21 needs to be turned. The outer mold frame 21 is connected to both sides of the trapezoidal frame 51, so that the outer mold frame 21 can be turned. Then, the movable cross brace 52 is installed on the trapezoidal frame 51 to increase the overall stability of the trapezoidal frame 51.

[0079] A preferred method, such as Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a diagonal brace 6, which is connected to the side of the outer mold frame 21 away from the outer mold 12. By setting the diagonal brace 6 to support the outer mold frame 21, the stability of the outer mold frame 21 is ensured.

[0080] One end of the diagonal brace 6 is connected to the middle of the outer mold frame 21, and the other end of the diagonal brace 6 is fixed to the pad layer.

[0081] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the inner template system 1 includes an outer mold 12, a middle cavity mold 11, and an inner mold 13 connected in sequence;

[0082] It also includes an inner mold compensation template, which includes a central cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 and a side mold compensation block 4. The central cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 is installed between the outer side mold 12 and the central cavity mold 11, as shown below. Figure 5 Along the length of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the side mold compensation block 4 is installed at the turning point of the outer side mold 12, such as... Figures 12-13 .

[0083] The variable cross-section compensation block 3 is installed between the outer mold 12 and the central mold 11, and the side mold compensation block 4 is installed at the turning point of the outer mold 12. The variable cross-section compensation block 3 and the side mold compensation block 4 change the cross-sectional shape of the inner mold system 1, so that the two outer sides of the inner mold system 1 have relatively inwardly inclined first slopes 110, such as... Figure 12 By setting the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 and the side formwork compensation block 4, the inner formwork system 1 can adapt to the structure of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, so that the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 can be poured through the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2.

[0084] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, one side of the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 is connected to the cavity mold 11, and the other side of the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 supports the outer mold 12 through the telescopic rod 30.

[0085] While adding the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 to the cavity mold 11, the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 also supports the outer mold 12 through the telescopic rod 30. During the construction process, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 30 is controlled to control the retraction and expansion of the outer mold 12, so that the outer mold 12 can be extended and retracted according to the construction needs. Thus, the addition of the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 does not affect the normal use of the outer mold 12.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the central cavity mold 11 includes a central cavity top mold 111, a central cavity main beam 112, and a central cavity support leg 113 connected sequentially from top to bottom;

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 includes a top mold compensation block 31 and a main beam compensation block 32 connected vertically.

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, one side of the top mold compensation block 31 is connected to the middle cavity top mold 111, one side of the main beam compensation block 32 is connected to the middle cavity main beam 112, and the other side of the top mold compensation block 31 is hinged to the top of the outer mold 12. The other side of the main beam compensation block 32 is connected to the lower part of the outer mold 12 through the telescopic rod 30.

[0089] Among them, the top mold 111 of the central cavity and the main beam 112 of the central cavity are connected by bolts, and the main beam 112 of the central cavity and the support leg 113 of the central cavity are connected by bolts.

[0090] The top formwork compensation block 31 and the main beam compensation block 32 are connected by bolts.

[0091] The top mold compensation block 31 and the middle cavity top mold 111 are connected by bolts, which facilitates the installation and removal of the top mold compensation block 31 and the middle cavity top mold 111;

[0092] The main beam compensation block 32 is bolted to the central cavity main beam 112, which facilitates the installation and removal of the main beam compensation block 32 and the central cavity main beam 112.

[0093] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the top mold compensation block 31 is hinged to the top of the outer mold 12, which facilitates the rotation of the outer mold 12 around the top mold compensation block 31 so that the outer mold 12 can contract or expand. The main beam compensation block 32 is connected to the lower part of the outer mold 12 through the telescopic rod 30. The telescopic rod 30 drives the outer mold 12 to contract or expand, so that the inner template system 1 tightens or opens.

[0094] A preferred method, such as Figure 12 As shown, along the length of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 is wedge-shaped. By setting the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 into a wedge shape, the cavity mold 11 is adapted to the structure of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0095] A preferred method, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, the outer mold 12 includes a diagonal segment side mold 121 and a straight segment side mold 122, and the side mold compensation block 4 is disposed between the diagonal segment side mold 121 and the straight segment side mold 122.

[0096] like Figure 12As shown, during the installation of the inner template system 1, the side template compensation block 4 is installed on the outer template 12. The side template compensation block 4 includes a rectangular web and a wedge-shaped web, which together form the side template compensation block 4. In this embodiment, as shown... Figures 13-14 As shown, the side mold compensation block 4 is composed of a first rectangular web 41, a first wedge-shaped web 42, and a second rectangular web 43. The inclined side of the first wedge-shaped web 42 is connected to the first rectangular web 41, and the side of the first wedge-shaped web 42 away from the inclined side is connected to the second rectangular web 43, thus forming a template with a turning shape. During installation, the side mold compensation block 4 is placed in the area where the outer mold 12 needs to turn. The two sides of the side mold compensation block 4 are connected to the outer mold 12 respectively, so that the vertical outer mold 12 can turn.

[0097] Among them, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, the outer mold 12 includes a sloping section side mold 121 and a straight section side mold 122. At the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the side mold compensation block 4 is connected to both ends of the sloping section side mold 121, and the straight section side mold 122 is connected to the side of the side mold compensation block 4 away from the sloping section side mold 121, so that the side mold compensation block 4 is installed between the sloping section side mold 121 and the straight section side mold 122, thereby realizing the turning setting of the outer mold 12 at the horn section 100, so that the outer mold 12 can adapt to the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0098] A preferred method, such as Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a diagonal brace 6, which is connected to the side of the outer mold frame 21 away from the outer mold 12. By setting the diagonal brace 6 to support the outer mold frame 21, the stability of the outer mold frame 21 is ensured.

[0099] One end of the diagonal brace 6 is connected to the middle of the outer mold frame 21, and the other end of the diagonal brace 6 is fixed to the pad layer.

[0100] In this embodiment, before construction, a cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3, a side formwork compensation block 4, and an outer formwork compensation block 5 are fabricated. The inner formwork system 1 is located within the frame structure of the outer formwork system 2. The cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 is installed between the outer formwork 12 and the cavity formwork 11, and the side formwork compensation block 4 is installed at the turning point of the outer formwork 12. The cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3 and the side formwork compensation block 4 change the cross-sectional shape of the inner formwork system 1 so that the two outer sides of the inner formwork system 1 have a first inclined surface 110 that is relatively inclined inward. The outer formwork compensation block 5 is installed at the turning point of the outer formwork frame 21. The outer formwork compensation block 5 changes the shape of the outer formwork frame 21, thereby changing the shape of the outer formwork system 2 so that the two inner sides of the outer formwork system 2 have a second inclined surface 110 that is relatively inclined inward. Inclined surface 210; By setting the central cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3, the side formwork compensation block 4, and the outer formwork compensation block 5, the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2 can adapt to the variable cross-section immersed tube structure, so that the variable cross-section immersed tube can be poured through the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2. This allows the existing immersed tube formwork to be used for the construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 after the addition of the variable cross-section compensation formwork. This solves the problem that the existing immersed tube formwork structure is only versatile and applicable to the prefabrication of immersed tubes of fixed specifications and models, and is difficult to apply to the pouring of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10. At the same time, since the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 is poured by adding the variable cross-section compensation formwork to the existing immersed tube formwork, the re-fabrication of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 formwork is avoided, which effectively saves construction costs and improves construction efficiency.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] like Figures 6-8 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the variable cross-section template described in this embodiment further includes an anti-buoyancy structure 7. The anti-buoyancy structure 7 is disposed at the bottom of the outer mold frame 21 and is connected to the outer mold frame 21. By setting the anti-buoyancy structure 7 at the bottom of the outer mold frame 21 to fix the outer mold frame 21, the upward buoyancy force at the bottom of the outer mold frame 21 is resisted, ensuring the safety and stability of the outer mold frame 21.

[0103] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the anti-buoyancy structure 7 includes an anti-buoyancy base 71, an anti-buoyancy embedded part 72, and an anti-buoyancy rod 73. First, the anti-buoyancy embedded part 72 is installed in the anti-buoyancy base 71. Then, the anti-buoyancy base 71 and the anti-buoyancy embedded part 72 are embedded in the pad layer. When the outer mold frame 21 is installed, the bottom end of the anti-buoyancy rod 73 is fixedly connected to the anti-buoyancy embedded part 72. Then, the upper part of the anti-buoyancy rod 73 is fixed to the bottom of the outer mold frame 21.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, a horizontal support structure 8 is further included. The horizontal support structure 8 is located on the side of the outer formwork frame 21 away from the outer formwork 12, and abuts against the lower part of the outer formwork frame 21. By setting the horizontal support structure 8 to abut against the lower part of the outer formwork frame 21, the rigidity of the outer formwork frame 21 is increased, and the bulging phenomenon of the outer formwork frame 21 is avoided during concrete pouring.

[0105] Among them, such as Figures 7-8 As shown, the horizontal support structure 8 includes a fixed base 81, a fixed embedded part 82, a connecting nut 83, and a horizontal strut 84. First, the connecting nut 83 is installed on the upper part of the fixed embedded part 82, and then the lower part of the fixed embedded part 82 is installed in the fixed base 81. Then, the fixed base 81 is embedded in the pad layer. The horizontal strut 84 is threadedly connected to the connecting nut 83. By rotating the horizontal strut 84, the end of the horizontal strut 84 approaches and abuts against the lower part of the outer mold frame 21, thereby providing support for the outer mold frame 21 and increasing the rigidity of the outer mold frame 21.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] like Figures 3-11 As shown, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment also discloses a construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tube, using the variable cross-section template described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and further including the following construction steps:

[0108] S1: As Figures 3-4 As shown, the central cavity mold 11 and the inner side mold 13 are installed first, and then the central cavity variable cross section compensation block 3 is connected to the central cavity mold 11.

[0109] Before installing the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3, an inner mold support rod 20 is first set at the bottom of the inner mold 13. The upper end of the inner mold support rod 20 abuts against the bottom of the inner mold 13, and the lower end of the inner mold support rod 20 abuts against the ground cushion layer. The inner mold 13 is supported by the inner mold support rod 20. When installing the cavity variable cross-section compensation block 3, the stability of the inner mold 13 is maintained, and the other templates are prevented from tilting due to the inner mold 13 being suspended and falling.

[0110] The central cavity mold 11 includes a central cavity top mold 111, a central cavity main beam 112, and a central cavity support leg 113 connected from top to bottom. The central cavity variable cross section compensation block 3 includes a top mold compensation block 31 and a main beam compensation block 32 connected from top to bottom. The top mold compensation block 31 is connected to the central cavity top mold 111, and the main beam compensation block 32 is connected to the central cavity main beam 112.

[0111] S2: As Figures 5-6 As shown, the side formwork compensation block 4 is installed on the outer formwork 12, and then the outer formwork 12 is connected to the central cavity variable cross section compensation block 3. Then the steel cage 70 is tied on the outside of the inner formwork system 1.

[0112] The top mold compensation block 31 is hinged to the top of the outer mold 12 on the other side away from the middle cavity top mold 111, and the main beam compensation block 32 is connected to the lower part of the outer mold 12 on the side away from the middle cavity main beam 112 through the telescopic rod 30.

[0113] The outer mold 12 includes a sloping section side mold 121 and a straight section side mold 122. At the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the side mold compensation block 4 is connected to both ends of the sloping section side mold 121, and the straight section side mold 122 is connected to the side of the side mold compensation block 4 away from the sloping section side mold 121, so that the side mold compensation block 4 is installed between the sloping section side mold 121 and the straight section side mold 122, thereby realizing the turning setting of the outer mold 12 at the horn section 100, so that the outer mold 12 can adapt to the horn section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0114] The reinforcing cage 70 is circumferentially tied around the outer side of the inner formwork system 1.

[0115] S3: As Figure 15 As shown, the outer mold compensation block 5 is installed on the outer mold frame 21, as follows. Figure 9 As shown, the outer formwork frame 21 is then installed on the outside of the outer formwork 12, and the outer formwork frame 21 abuts against the reinforcing cage 70;

[0116] Among them, such as Figures 15-17 As shown, the outer formwork compensation block 5 is installed on the outer formwork frame 21. The outer formwork frame 21 includes a diagonal truss 211 and a straight truss 212. At the trumpet section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10, the outer formwork compensation block 5 is connected to both ends of the diagonal truss 211, and the straight truss 212 is connected to the side of the outer formwork compensation block 5 away from the diagonal truss 211. This achieves the turning setting of the outer formwork frame 21 at the trumpet section 100, so that the outer formwork frame 21 can adapt to the trumpet section 100 of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0117] S4: Install tie rod truss 22 on the top of the outer formwork frame 21 so that the outer formwork frame 21 and tie rod truss 22 form a frame structure, and then pour concrete in the area between the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2.

[0118] Among them, the tie truss 22 and the outer formwork frame 21 form a frame structure, the inner formwork system 1 is located inside the frame structure of the outer formwork system 2, and the steel cage 70 is located between the inner formwork system 1 and the outer formwork system 2.

[0119] When pouring concrete, it should be done in two stages, such as... Figure 10As shown, the first concrete 50 is poured first, and poured to the middle and upper part of the inner formwork system 1. Then the second concrete 60 is poured to complete the concrete construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10. During the construction process, when the concrete strength of the bottom plate of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 exceeds 12MPa, a temporary support leg 40 is added to the bottom of the main beam compensation block 32 to increase the load-bearing capacity of the variable cross-section compensation block 3.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment, the temporary outrigger 40 is arranged side by side with the central cavity outrigger.

[0121] S5: As Figure 11 As shown, after the concrete solidifies, the outer formwork system 2 and the inner formwork system 1 are removed one after another to complete the construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10.

[0122] After the concrete of the variable cross-section immersed tube 10 has solidified, the outer formwork system 2 is first removed, then the temporary support leg 40 at the bottom of the main beam compensation block 32 is removed, then the mobile trolley 9 is installed at the bottom of the main beam compensation block 32, and the mobile trolley 9 is installed at the bottom of the cavity mold 11. The cavity mold 11 and the variable cross-section compensation block 3 are removed and transferred through the mobile trolley 9.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section template, characterized in that, It includes an inner template system (1) and an outer template system (2), wherein the inner template system (1) is located inside the outer template system (2); The inner template system (1) has two outer sides with relatively inwardly inclined first inclined surfaces (110), and the outer template system (2) has two inner sides with relatively inwardly inclined second inclined surfaces (210), the second inclined surfaces (210) corresponding to the first inclined surfaces (110) on the same side; The area between the inner formwork system (1) and the outer formwork system (2) is poured to form a variable cross-section immersed tube (10); The outer formwork system (2) includes two oppositely arranged outer formwork frames (21), the top of which is connected to a tie rod truss (22), the tie rod truss (22) and the outer formwork frames (21) form a frame structure, and the inner formwork system (1) is located inside the frame structure; It also includes an outer mold compensation block (5), which is installed at the turning point of the outer mold frame (21); The outer formwork frame (21) includes a diagonal truss (211) and a straight truss (212), and the outer formwork compensation block (5) is disposed between the diagonal truss (211) and the straight truss (212); The inner template system (1) includes an outer mold (12), a middle cavity mold (11) and an inner mold (13) connected in sequence; It also includes an inner mold compensation template, which includes a central cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) and a side mold compensation block (4). The central cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) is installed between the outer mold (12) and the central cavity mold (11), and the side mold compensation block (4) is installed at the turning point of the outer mold (12). The outer mold (12) includes a diagonal segment side mold (121) and a straight segment side mold (122), and the side mold compensation block (4) is disposed between the diagonal segment side mold (121) and the straight segment side mold (122); Along the length direction of the inner template system (1), the cavity variable cross-section compensation block (3) is wedge-shaped; The central cavity mold (11) includes a central cavity top mold (111), a central cavity main beam (112), and a central cavity support leg (113) connected sequentially from top to bottom. The cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) includes a top mold compensation block (31) and a main beam compensation block (32) connected vertically. One side of the top mold compensation block (31) is connected to the cavity top mold (111), one side of the main beam compensation block (32) is connected to the cavity main beam (112), the other side of the top mold compensation block (31) is hinged to the top of the outer mold (12), and the other side of the main beam compensation block (32) is connected to the lower part of the outer mold (12) through a telescopic rod (30).

2. The variable cross-section template according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-buoyancy structure (7), which is located at the bottom of the outer mold frame (21) and is used to reinforce the outer mold frame (21).

3. A variable cross-section template according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal support structure (8), which is located on the side of the outer mold frame (21) away from the inner mold system (1), and the horizontal support structure (8) can abut against the lower part of the outer mold frame (21).

4. A variable cross-section template according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) is connected to the cavity mold (11), and the other side of the cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) supports the outer mold (12) through a telescopic rod (30).

5. A construction method for a variable cross-section immersed tube, characterized in that, Using the variable cross-section template as described in any one of claims 1-4, the following construction steps are also included: S1: First, install the central cavity mold (11) and the inner side mold (13), and then connect the central cavity variable cross section compensation block (3) to the central cavity mold (11); S2: Install the side formwork compensation block (4) on the outer formwork (12), then connect the outer formwork (12) to the central cavity variable cross section compensation block (3), and then tie the steel cage (70) on the outside of the inner formwork system (1); S3: Install the outer formwork compensation block (5) on the outer formwork frame (21), and then install the outer formwork frame (21) on the outside of the outer formwork (12), with the outer formwork frame (21) pressing against the steel cage (70); S4: Install the tie rod truss (22) on the top of the outer formwork frame (21) so that the outer formwork frame (21) and the tie rod truss (22) form the frame structure, and then pour concrete in the area between the inner formwork system (1) and the outer formwork system (2); S5: After the concrete solidifies, the outer formwork system (2) and the inner formwork system (1) are removed one after another to complete the construction of the variable cross-section immersed tube (10).

Images