Visualized end template automatic tunnel lining and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to a visual end template automatic material distribution tunnel secondary lining and a construction method, and the construction method comprises the following steps: step one, secondary lining template construction joint construction; step two, installation of a mold grouting pipe; step three, installation of a visual end template; step four, installation of an integral steel mold; step five, installation of an automatic material distribution device and concrete pouring; and step six, secondary lining mold grouting construction. The visual end template automatic material distribution tunnel secondary lining and the construction method have the advantages that the compactness of the tunnel secondary lining vault concrete is greatly improved, and the comprehensive benefits are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a visualized end template automatic material placement method for tunnel secondary lining and its construction method, which is mainly applicable to the concrete pouring of tunnel secondary lining. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the secondary lining construction of railway tunnels in my country, due to differences in construction equipment, tooling, technology, and management levels, voids behind the secondary lining occur frequently. Some tunnels also suffer from problems such as voids at the arch crown, insufficient lining thickness, and water leakage at construction joints. Voids behind the secondary lining can cause stress changes in the surrounding rock support structure, especially during shield tunneling, leading to instability and seriously affecting the normal operation of shield tunneling and railway traffic. Furthermore, addressing voids at the tunnel arch crown often consumes significant manpower and financial resources, hindering the orderly progress of construction.

[0003] Given the complex construction conditions, high construction quality, and tight construction schedule of engineering projects, this paper proposes an innovative, efficient, high-quality, and low-risk visualized end-formwork automatic material placement method for tunnel secondary lining. This method is of great significance for improving the construction quality of railway tunnel secondary lining, solving existing problems in tunnel engineering, and ensuring safe operation after the tunnel opens to traffic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to improve the construction quality and compactness of the secondary lining concrete pouring in tunnels, which has good technical and economic benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A construction method for tunnel secondary lining with visualized end template automatic material placement includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Construction of the secondary lining formwork joint: After the secondary lining formwork is installed, a precast steel block with rubber edging is placed between the already poured secondary lining and the secondary lining to be poured. The curvature of the precast steel block is consistent with that of the secondary lining formwork. The base of the precast steel block is tightly attached to the secondary lining formwork and fixed to the secondary lining formwork with bolts. A waterstop steel plate is pre-embedded in the already poured secondary lining, with one end of the waterstop steel plate placed inside the secondary lining to be poured.

[0008] Step 2, Installation of Grouting Pipes with Formwork: After the tunnel secondary lining formwork is installed, pre-embedded grouting pipes are first installed in the reserved holes of the grouting pipes. Open grouting ports are set on the pre-embedded grouting pipes, and grouting plate placement grooves are set above the open grouting ports. A top rubber strip is installed at the upper end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe, and a sealing ring is set in the gap between the reserved hole and the pre-embedded grouting pipe. The bottom of the sealing ring is fixed by a reinforcing flange, and the top rubber strip is tightened against the initial support. A water-stop rubber strip is set on the outside of the threaded end at the bottom of the pre-embedded grouting pipe. A pipe section with a CNC pressure gauge is connected to the threaded end. A pipe interface is set on one side of the pipe section, and the pipe interface is connected to the reinforcing grouting pipe.

[0009] Step 3: Installation of Visual End Templates: Install the trolley pre-embedded pull plate and trolley pre-embedded sleeve sequentially on the trolley platform of the secondary lining trolley. Install the end mold installation ring at the end of the secondary lining template. The end mold installation ring has an end mold placement groove. Then, install the visual end templates sequentially in the end mold placement groove. Install a void dynamic early warning device inside the visual end template. Set the end mold splicing plate at the end of the visual end template. The end mold splicing plates of adjacent visual end templates are assisted in splicing through splicing auxiliary plates. Set the upper pull ring on the splicing auxiliary plate. Set the support rod between the splicing auxiliary plate and the trolley platform. One end of the support rod is connected to the upper pull ring on the splicing auxiliary plate, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the trolley pre-embedded pull plate on the trolley platform. A viewing window is set at the upper position of the visual end template. A tightening device is set between the lower part of the visual end template and the end mold protrusion on the end mold installation ring.

[0010] Step 4: Installation of the integral steel formwork: Install the hydraulic base and strut base on the column of the secondary lining trolley. Then, install the integral steel end formwork under the visual end template. The inner side of the integral steel end formwork is connected to the trolley connecting plate with bolts. Then, install the end formwork strut and hydraulic rod between the integral steel end formwork and the column of the secondary lining trolley. One end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the hydraulic base, and the other end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the hydraulic base and connected to the hydraulic strut support end on the integral steel end formwork. One end of the end formwork strut is connected to the strut base, and the other end of the strut base is connected to the integral steel end formwork.

[0011] Step 5: Install the automatic concrete placing device and pour the concrete.

[0012] Step Six: Grouting Construction of Secondary Lining with Formwork: After the first concrete pour is completed and before initial setting, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the secondary lining with formwork. While grouting, the pre-embedded grouting pipe is pulled out. When pulling out, the sealing plate of the open grouting port is rotated to the grouting plate placement groove to realize the reuse of the pre-embedded grouting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, in step one, an auxiliary reinforcing plate is set on the precast steel block base, a top rod is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate, the auxiliary reinforcing plate is connected to the precast steel block base through the top rod, and a pull ring is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, in step two, anti-vibration strut bases are installed on both sides of the reinforcing flange, stiffening clamps are installed on the outer side of the pre-embedded grouting pipe end, and anti-vibration struts are installed between the stiffening clamps and the anti-vibration strut bases.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, in step three, a reinforcing H-beam is installed at the upper end of the end mold mounting ring, an anti-tilting rod is installed at the upper end of the reinforcing H-beam, a sleeve is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing H-beam, and a tensioning strut is installed between the pre-embedded sleeve on the trolley and the sleeve at the bottom of the reinforcing H-beam.

[0016] Preferably, in step five, the installation method of the automatic concrete placing device is as follows: A rotating mechanism of the automatic concrete placing device is installed on the secondary lining trolley. Supporting diagonal braces are installed on the rotating mechanism. A concrete placing platform is installed on the top surface of the supporting diagonal braces. A feed pipe through-hole is located in the middle of the placing platform. Supporting steel sections are installed at the four corners of the placing platform. A concrete storage cylinder is installed on top of the supporting steel sections. An inclined fixed placing pipe and a pressure valve are installed on the side of the concrete storage cylinder, with the pressure valve connected to the placing pipe. A fixed grouting pipe is installed on the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder, and its end is connected to the arch grouting pipe. An arch reinforcement grouting pipe is installed in the middle of the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder. A feed pipe is connected to the bottom of the concrete storage cylinder, passing through the feed pipe through-hole on the placing platform, thus completing the installation of the automatic concrete placing device. After the automatic concrete placing device is installed, concrete pouring is carried out.

[0017] A method for automatically laying tunnel lining using a visual end template is used to construct the tunnel lining.

[0018] This invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention uses a visual end template, with a transparent viewing window at the top to facilitate real-time observation of the concrete pouring process and ensure the fullness of the concrete pour.

[0020] 2. A dynamic early warning technology for voids is adopted, allowing for real-time control of the concrete pouring volume and density at the arch crown. This effectively monitors the fullness of the lining arch, prevents voids in the lining, improves the construction quality of secondary lining, and enhances the overall project quality.

[0021] 3. Construction joint chamfering technology was adopted, reducing the need for cutting and grinding the construction joint after concrete demolding, achieving the quality requirements of internal solidity and external aesthetics, and compensating for quality defects at the circumferential construction joints of the tunnel lining. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the installation of a visual endpoint template;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the visual terminal template installation system;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a visual diagram of the endpoint template;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic fabric distribution device;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the integral steel end mold;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an integral steel end mold;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an integral steel end mold;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of grouting with a mold for the secondary lining;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the chamfering of the construction joint;

[0031] Figure 10 This is an enlarged view of the chamfered construction joint;

[0032] The components include: 1. Trolley platform; 2. Trolley embedded pull plate; 3. Trolley embedded sleeve; 4. Expansion strut; 5. End mold mounting ring; 6. Tightening device; 7. End mold; 8. Viewing window; 9. Upper pull ring; 10. Splicing auxiliary plate; 11. Round head rod; 12. End mold splicing plate; 13. Reinforcing I-beam; 14. End mold placement slot; 15. Support rod; 16. Anti-tilting rod; 17. End mold protrusion; 18. Feed pipe. 19. Supporting steel section; 20. Concrete placing pipe; 21. Pressure valve; 22. Concrete temporary storage cylinder; 23. Arch crown reinforcement grouting pipe; 24. Arch crown grouting pipe; 25. Fixed grouting pipe; 26. Inclined fixed concrete placing pipe; 27. Concrete placing platform; 28. Supporting diagonal brace; 29. ​​Rotating mechanism; 30. Tunnel secondary lining; 31. Secondary lining trolley; 32. Support rod base; 33. Hydraulic base; 34. End formwork support rod; 35. 36. Hydraulic rod; 37. Steel end mold splicing end; 38. Hydraulic rod support end; 39. Integral stiffening plate for end mold; 40. Integral steel end mold; 41. Trolley connecting plate; 42. Inner fixing bolts; 43. Reinforcing grouting pipe; 44. Water-stop rubber strip; 45. Stiffening clamp; 46. Reinforcing flange; 47. Anti-vibration strut base; 48. Secondary lining template; 49. Openable grouting port; 50. Top rubber strip; 51. Pre-embedded grouting pipe, 52. Grouting plate placement groove, 53. Sealing ring, 54. Anti-vibration strut, 55. Threaded end, 56. CNC pressure gauge, 57. Precast steel block base, 58. Pull ring, 59. Top rod, 60. Auxiliary reinforcing plate, 61. End waterstop strip, 62. Waterstop steel plate, 63. Precast steel block, 64. Rubber edging, 65. Secondary lining to be poured, 66. Steel plate diagonal brace, 67. Void dynamic early warning device. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0035] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0036] The visualized end template automatic material placement tunnel lining structure includes a visualized end template 7, a lining trolley 31, a void dynamic early warning device 67, an integral steel end template 39, a tunnel lining template 47, and a precast steel block base 56.

[0037] The visual end template 7 is installed in the end template placement groove 14 on the end template mounting ring 5. The end template mounting ring 5 is arc-shaped, and the visual end templates 7 are connected sequentially along the arc of the end template mounting ring 5. A reinforcing H-beam 13 is set on the outside of the end template mounting ring 5. An end template splicing plate 12 is set at the end of the visual end template 7. A viewing window 8 is set at the upper position of the visual end template 7. A tightening device 6 is set at the lower position of the visual end template 7. A sleeve is set at the bottom of the reinforcing H-beam 13. A trolley pre-embedded sleeve 3 and a trolley pre-embedded pull plate 2 are set on the trolley platform 1. A splicing auxiliary plate 10 is set between the end template splicing plates 12 of adjacent visual end templates 7. The splicing auxiliary plate 10 is used to assist in the splicing of the end template splicing plates 12. The cross-section of the splicing auxiliary plate 10 is U-shaped. A round-headed rod 11 is connected to the splicing auxiliary plate 10. The round-headed rod 11 passes through both the splicing auxiliary plate 10 and the end mold splicing plate 12, thus achieving a fixed connection between the splicing auxiliary plate 10 and the end mold splicing plate 12.

[0038] A top pull ring 9 is installed on the top of the splicing auxiliary plate 10. A support rod 15 is installed between the top pull ring 9 and the trolley pre-embedded pull plate 2. An expansion support rod 4 is connected to the trolley pre-embedded sleeve 3, and the expansion support rod 4 is located between the trolley pre-embedded sleeve 3 and the sleeve at the bottom of the reinforcing I-beam 13. An anti-tilting rod 16 is installed at the upper end of the reinforcing I-beam 13, and the anti-tilting rod 16 is located on the outside of the visual end template 7. A void dynamic early warning device 67 is installed on the inside of the visual end template 7.

[0039] The automatic concrete placement device for the secondary lining includes a rotating mechanism 29, with a supporting diagonal rod 28 on the rotating mechanism 29. A placement platform 27 is mounted on the top surface of the supporting diagonal rod 28, with a feed pipe through-hole in the middle of the placement platform 27. Supporting steel sections 19 are mounted at the four corners of the placement platform 27, and a concrete storage cylinder 22 is mounted on the top. An inclined fixed placement pipe 26 and a pressure valve 21 are mounted on the side of the concrete storage cylinder 22, with the pressure valve 21 connected to the placement pipe 20. Three fixed grouting pipes 25 are mounted on the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder 22, with the fixed grouting pipes 25 inclined. The ends of the fixed grouting pipes are connected to the arch grouting pipe 24, and an arch reinforcement grouting pipe 23 is mounted in the middle of the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder 22. A feed pipe 18 is connected to the bottom of the concrete storage cylinder 22, and the feed pipe 18 passes through the feed pipe through-hole on the placement platform 27.

[0040] A tunnel lining template 47 is installed on the inner side of the tunnel lining 30. A visible end template 7 is installed at the top of one end of the tunnel lining 30. Integral steel end molds 39 are installed on both sides of the tunnel lining 30. A hydraulic base 34 and a strut base 32 are installed on the column of the lining trolley 31. One end of the hydraulic rod 35 is connected to the hydraulic base 34, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 35 is connected to the hydraulic rod support end 37 at the top of the integral steel end mold 39. One end of the end mold strut 34 is connected to the strut base 32 on the column of the lining trolley 31, and the other end of the end mold strut 34 is connected to the integral steel end mold 39. A connecting plate is installed on the integral steel end mold 39, and a trolley connecting plate 40 is connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate and the trolley connecting plate 40 are fixedly connected by inner fixing bolts 41. The integral steel end mold 39 is provided with an integral end mold stiffening rib 38. The end of the integral steel end mold 39 is provided with a steel end mold splicing end 36. Two integral steel end molds 39 are connected through the steel end mold splicing end 36. The steel end mold splicing ends 36 of the two integral steel end molds 39 are fastened together by bolts.

[0041] Pre-embedded grouting pipes 50 are installed on the secondary lining template 47. The secondary lining template 47 has reserved holes for the pre-embedded grouting pipes 50 to pass through. The pre-embedded grouting pipes 50 can be removed while grouting is being performed. An openable grouting port 48 is provided on the grouting pipe, and a grouting plate placement groove 51 is provided above the openable grouting port 48. When the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50 is removed, the sealing plate of the openable grouting port 48 rotates into the grouting plate placement groove 51. A sealing ring 52 is installed in the gap between the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50 and the reserved hole. A flange is installed on the lower side of the secondary lining template 47, and a reinforcing flange 45 is installed below the flange. The reinforcing flange 45 is fixed to the secondary lining template 47 with bolts, and the bottom of the sealing ring 52 is fixed by the reinforcing flange 45. Anti-vibration support bases 46 are provided on both sides of the flange, and a threaded end 54 is provided at the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50. One end of the anti-vibration strut 53 is mounted on the anti-vibration strut base 46, and the other end of the anti-vibration strut 53 is connected to the stiffening clamp 44 located on the outside of the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50. The threaded end 54 is connected to a pipe section with a CNC pressure gauge 55. A pipe interface is provided on one side of the pipe section, which is connected to the reinforcing grouting pipe 42. A water-stop rubber strip is provided on the outside of the threaded end 54. A top rubber strip 49 is provided at the upper end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50.

[0042] A precast steel block base 56 is provided at the end of the secondary lining template 47. The precast steel block base 56 is fixedly connected to the secondary lining template 47 by bolts. A precast steel block 62 is provided on the precast steel block base 56. A rubber edging 63 is provided on the outside of the precast steel block 62. The precast steel block 62 is placed in the construction joint of the secondary lining. A water-stop steel plate 61 is provided on the top of the precast steel block 62. One end of the water-stop steel plate 61 is placed in the secondary lining to be poured. An auxiliary reinforcing plate 59 is provided on the precast steel block base 56. A top rod 58 and a pull ring 57 are provided on the auxiliary reinforcing plate 59. An end water-stop strip 60 is provided at the end of the precast steel block base 56. A steel plate diagonal brace 66 is provided at the connection between the integral end steel formwork 39 and the secondary lining template 47.

[0043] The construction method for tunnel secondary lining using a visualized end template with automatic material placement includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Construction of the secondary lining formwork joint: After the secondary lining formwork is installed, a precast steel block 62 with rubber edging 63 is placed between the already poured secondary lining and the secondary lining to be poured. The precast steel block 62 has the same curvature as the secondary lining formwork 47 and is divided into sections with the secondary lining formwork. The precast steel block base 56 at the bottom of the precast steel block 62 is tightly attached to the secondary lining formwork 47 and fixed to the secondary lining formwork 47 with bolts. An auxiliary reinforcing plate 59 is set on the precast steel block base 56, and a top rod 58 is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate 59. The auxiliary reinforcing plate 59 is connected to the precast steel block base 56 through the top rod 58. A pull ring 57 is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate 59. A water-stop steel plate 61 is pre-embedded in the already poured secondary lining, and one end of the water-stop steel plate 61 is placed inside the secondary lining to be poured. When removing it, the pull ring 57 is used to assist in removing the precast steel block base 56.

[0045] Step 2: Installation of Grouting Pipes with Formwork: After the tunnel secondary lining formwork 47 is installed, first install the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50 in the reserved hole of the grouting pipe. An open grouting port 48 is set on the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50, and a grouting plate placement groove 51 is set above the open grouting port 48. A top rubber strip 49 is installed at the upper end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50. Then, a sealing ring 52 is installed in the gap between the reserved hole of the grouting pipe and the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50. The bottom of the sealing ring 52 is fixed by a reinforcing flange 45. Rubber strip 49 is tightened against the initial support; anti-vibration strut base 46 is installed on both sides of the reinforcing flange 45; stiffening clamp 44 is set on the outer side of the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50; anti-vibration strut 53 is installed between the stiffening clamp 44 and the anti-vibration strut base 46; water-stop rubber strip 43 is set on the outer side of the threaded end 54 at the bottom of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50; a pipe section with a CNC pressure gauge 55 is connected to the threaded end 54; a pipe interface is set on one side of the pipe section; the pipe interface is connected to the reinforcing grouting pipe 42.

[0046] Step 3: Installation of Visual End Templates: Install the trolley pre-embedded pull plate 2 and trolley pre-embedded sleeve 3 sequentially on the trolley platform 1 of the secondary lining trolley 31. Install the end template installation ring 5 at the end of the secondary lining template 47. An end template placement groove is provided on the end template installation ring 5. Then, install the visual end template 7 sequentially within the end template placement groove. Install a void dynamic early warning device 67 inside the visual end template 7. Set an end template splicing plate 12 at the end of the visual end template 7. The end template splicing plates 12 of adjacent visual end templates 7 are assisted in splicing through splicing auxiliary plates 10. An upper pull ring 9 is provided on the splicing auxiliary plate 10. A support rod 15 is provided between the splicing auxiliary plate 10 and the trolley platform 1. One end of the rod 15 is connected to the upper pull ring 9 on the splicing auxiliary plate 10, and the other end of the support rod 15 is connected to the trolley pre-embedded pull plate 2 on the trolley platform 1; a viewing window 8 is provided at the upper part of the visual end template 7, and a tightening device 6 is provided between the lower part of the visual end template 7 and the end template protrusion 17 on the end template mounting ring 5; a reinforcing H-beam 13 is provided at the upper end of the end template mounting ring 5, an anti-tilting rod 16 is provided at the upper end of the reinforcing H-beam 13, a sleeve is provided at the bottom of the reinforcing H-beam 13, and an expansion support rod 4 is provided between the trolley pre-embedded sleeve 3 and the sleeve at the bottom of the reinforcing H-beam 13; the tightening device is adjusted according to the actual end section to ensure that there is no gap between the template and the initial support.

[0047] Step 4: Installation of the integral steel formwork: Install the hydraulic base 33 and the strut base 32 on the column of the secondary lining trolley. Then, install the integral steel end formwork 39 on the lower side of the visual end template. The inner side of the integral steel end formwork 39 is connected to the trolley connecting plate by bolts. Then, install the end formwork strut 34 and the hydraulic rod 35 between the integral steel end formwork 39 and the column of the secondary lining trolley. One end of the hydraulic rod 35 is connected to the hydraulic base 33, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 35 is connected to the hydraulic base 33 and connected to the hydraulic strut support end 37 on the integral steel end formwork 39. One end of the end formwork strut 34 is connected to the strut base 32, and the other end of the strut base 32 is connected to the integral steel end formwork 39.

[0048] Step 5: Installation of the Automatic Concrete Placing Device: Install the rotating mechanism of the automatic concrete placing device on the secondary lining trolley. A support brace 28 is installed on the rotating mechanism 29. A concrete placing platform 27 is installed on the top surface of the support brace 28. A feed pipe through-hole is located in the middle of the concrete placing platform 27. Supporting steel sections 19 are installed at the four corners of the concrete placing platform 27. A concrete storage cylinder 22 is installed on the top of the supporting steel sections 19. An inclined fixed concrete placing pipe 26 and a pressure valve 21 are installed on the side of the concrete storage cylinder 22. The pressure valve 21 is connected to the concrete placing pipe. Material pipe 20; Three fixed grouting pipes 25 are installed on the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder 22. The fixed grouting pipes 25 are inclined and the ends of the fixed grouting pipes 25 are connected to the arch grouting pipe 24. An arch reinforcement grouting pipe 23 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder 22. The bottom of the concrete storage cylinder 22 is connected to the feed pipe 18. The feed pipe 18 passes through the feed pipe through hole on the material distribution platform 27 to complete the installation of the automatic material distribution device. After the automatic material distribution device is installed, concrete pouring is then carried out.

[0049] Step 6, Grouting construction of the secondary lining with formwork: After the first concrete pour is completed and before initial setting, grouting reinforcement of the secondary lining with formwork is carried out. While grouting, the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50 is pulled out. When pulling out, the sealing plate of the open grouting port 48 is rotated to the grouting plate placement groove 51 to realize the reuse of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 50.

[0050] This invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Anyone can derive other products in various forms under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this application falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for tunnel secondary lining with visualized end template automatic material placement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Construction of the secondary lining formwork joint: After the secondary lining formwork is installed, a precast steel block (62) with rubber edging (63) is set between the already poured secondary lining and the secondary lining to be poured. The curvature of the precast steel block (62) is consistent with that of the secondary lining formwork (47). The precast steel block base (56) at the bottom of the precast steel block (62) is tightly attached to the secondary lining formwork (47), and the precast steel block base (56) is fixed to the secondary lining formwork (47) with bolts. A waterstop steel plate (61) is pre-embedded in the already poured secondary lining, and one end of the waterstop steel plate (61) is placed inside the secondary lining to be poured. Step 2, Installation of Grouting Pipe with Formwork: After the tunnel secondary lining formwork (47) is installed, the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50) is first installed in the reserved hole of the grouting pipe. An open grouting port (48) is set on the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50), and a grouting plate placement groove (51) is set above the open grouting port (48). A top rubber strip (49) is installed at the upper end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50), and a sealing ring (52) is set in the gap between the reserved hole of the grouting pipe and the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50). The bottom of the sealing ring (52) is fixed by a reinforcing flange (45), and the top rubber strip (49) is pressed against the initial support. A water-stopping rubber strip (43) is set on the outside of the threaded end (54) at the bottom of the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50). A pipe section with a CNC pressure gauge (55) is connected to the threaded end (54). A pipe interface is set on one side of the pipe section, and the pipe interface is connected to the reinforcing grouting pipe (42). Step 3, Installation of Visual End Templates: Install the trolley pre-embedded pull plate (2) and trolley pre-embedded sleeve (3) sequentially on the trolley platform (1) of the secondary lining trolley (31). Install the end template installation ring (5) at the end of the secondary lining template (47). Set the end template placement groove on the end template installation ring (5). Then install the visual end template (7) sequentially in the end template placement groove. Install the void dynamic early warning device (67) inside the visual end template (7). Set the end template splicing plate (12) at the end of the visual end template (7). The end template splicing plates (12) of adjacent visual end templates (7) are connected. Auxiliary splicing is performed by splicing auxiliary plate (10); an upper pull ring (9) is provided on the splicing auxiliary plate (10), and a support rod (15) is provided between the splicing auxiliary plate (10) and the trolley platform (1). One end of the support rod (15) is connected to the upper pull ring (9) on the splicing auxiliary plate (10), and the other end of the support rod (15) is connected to the trolley pre-embedded pull plate (2) on the trolley platform (1); a viewing window (8) is provided at the upper position of the visual end template (7), and a clamping device (6) is provided between the lower part of the visual end template (7) and the end mold protrusion (17) on the end mold mounting ring (5); Step 4, Installation of integral steel formwork: Install hydraulic base (33) and strut base (32) on the column of the secondary lining trolley. Then install integral steel end formwork (39) on the lower side of the visual end template. The inner side of integral steel end formwork (39) is connected to the trolley connecting plate by bolts. Then install end formwork strut (34) and hydraulic rod (35) between integral steel end formwork (39) and column of secondary lining trolley. One end of hydraulic rod (35) is connected to hydraulic base (33), and the other end of hydraulic rod (35) is connected to hydraulic base (33) and hydraulic strut support end (37) on integral steel end formwork (39). One end of end formwork strut (34) is connected to strut base (32), and the other end of strut base (32) is connected to integral steel end formwork (39). Step 5: Install the automatic concrete placing device and pour the concrete. Step 6, Grouting construction of the secondary lining with formwork: After the first concrete pouring is completed and before initial setting, the secondary lining is reinforced by grouting with formwork. While grouting, the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50) is pulled out. When pulling out, the sealing plate of the open grouting port (48) is rotated to the grouting plate placement groove (51) to realize the reuse of the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50).

2. The construction method for an automated tunnel lining with a visualized end template according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, an auxiliary reinforcing plate (59) is set on the precast steel block base (56), a top rod (58) is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate (59), the auxiliary reinforcing plate (59) is connected to the precast steel block base (56) through the top rod (58), and a pull ring (57) is set on the auxiliary reinforcing plate (59).

3. The construction method for an automated tunnel lining with a visualized end template according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, anti-vibration strut bases (46) are installed on both sides of the reinforcing flange (45), a stiffening clamp (44) is set on the outside of the end of the pre-embedded grouting pipe (50), and an anti-vibration strut (53) is installed between the stiffening clamp (44) and the anti-vibration strut base (46).

4. The construction method for an automated tunnel lining with a visualized end template according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, a reinforcing I-beam (13) is set at the upper end of the end mold mounting ring (5), an anti-tilting rod (16) is set at the upper end of the reinforcing I-beam (13), a sleeve is set at the bottom of the reinforcing I-beam (13), and a tensioning support rod (4) is set between the trolley pre-embedded sleeve (3) and the sleeve at the bottom of the reinforcing I-beam (13).

5. The construction method for an automated material placement system for a tunnel secondary lining using a visualized end template according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the installation method of the automatic material placing device is as follows: A rotating mechanism of the automatic material placing device is installed on the secondary lining trolley. A supporting inclined rod (28) is set on the rotating mechanism (29). A material placing platform (27) is set on the top surface of the supporting inclined rod (28). A feed pipe through hole is set in the middle of the material placing platform (27). Supporting steel sections (19) are set at the four corners of the material placing platform (27). A concrete temporary storage cylinder (22) is set on the top of the supporting steel section (19). An inclined fixed material placing pipe (26) and a pressure valve are set on the side of the concrete temporary storage cylinder (22). 21) The pressure valve (21) is connected to the material distribution pipe (20); a fixed grouting pipe (25) is set on the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder (22), and the end of the fixed grouting pipe (25) is connected to the arch grouting pipe (24). An arch reinforcement grouting pipe (23) is set in the middle position of the top surface of the concrete storage cylinder (22); the bottom of the concrete storage cylinder (22) is connected to the feed pipe (18), and the feed pipe (18) passes through the feed pipe through hole on the material distribution platform (27) to complete the installation of the automatic material distribution device; after the automatic material distribution device is installed, concrete is poured.

6. A visualized end template automatic material placement method for tunnel secondary lining, characterized in that, The tunnel secondary lining is constructed using the construction method of the visualized end template automatic material placement method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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