A split rail and an internal curve radial piston motor using the split rail

Abstract

The application discloses a split guide rail, which comprises a stator guide rail and elastic guide rails arranged on both sides of the stator guide rail; wherein the inside of the stator guide rail is provided with a plurality of continuous curve surfaces; and the elastic guide rails are arranged on both sides of the stator guide rail along the shape of the inner curve surfaces. The structure features of the application can realize the rotation of the roller around the roller axis on the inner curve stator guide rail in the case that the inner curve motor is started or the lubrication condition of the internal components is insufficient at low speed and large torque, and the dynamic pressure oil film is formed on the roller and the inner curve guide rail and the roller and the plunger groove surface, thereby improving the working reliability of the inner curve motor under heavy load working conditions. The elastic guide rails are made of polyurethane rubber material and are connected with the roller in contact and produce slight deformation to increase the contact friction force in rotation. In this way, the contact pairs of the inner curve motor roller, the inner curve guide rail surface and the plunger groove can form a stable lubricating oil film, and the reliability of the inner curve hydraulic motor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal curve piston motor technology, and more particularly to a split guide rail and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Current Status: Internal curve radial piston motors are important power output components in hydraulic transmission systems. They have good low-speed stability and high output torque. Typically, they do not require a gearbox reduction mechanism in the transmission system for speed reduction, enabling direct drive transmission for low-speed equipment. At the same time, internal curve hydraulic motors also have good machinability and small size, making them suitable for use in large equipment with low speed and heavy load, such as construction machinery, ship steering and rudder control systems, and special vehicle drive devices.

[0003] In the design of internal curve hydraulic motors, low-speed stability and high reliability are the goals pursued by many designers and developers. By improving the motion force state of the internal moving parts of the internal curve hydraulic motor and changing the motion characteristics of the contact process between the rollers and the guide rail, especially under starting or low-speed heavy load conditions, the sliding friction between the rollers and the internal curve guide rail during the contact process is reduced, thereby improving the durability of the structural components and thus enhancing the working reliability of the internal curve hydraulic motor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a separable guide rail that can effectively change the structural characteristics of the inner curved guide rail of an inner curved hydraulic motor. Without affecting the assembly relationship of the roller structure, by changing the stress state of the roller under startup and low-speed heavy load, the motion state of the roller during contact with the inner curved guide rail is changed, thereby reducing the sliding friction between the roller and the inner curved guide rail, improving the fatigue damage of structural component materials, and improving the reliability of the entire motor.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a separable guide rail, including a stator guide rail and elastic guide rails disposed on both sides of the stator guide rail;

[0007] The stator guide rail has multiple continuous curved surfaces inside; elastic guide rails are provided on both sides along the shape of the inner curved surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner surface of the elastic guide rail protrudes radially beyond the inner surface of the stator guide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the two elastic guide rails and the stator guide rail are U-shaped.

[0010] This embodiment discloses an inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail, including an output shaft;

[0011] The rotor is mounted on the output shaft and has multiple plunger holes along the radial direction of the output shaft, with plungers disposed in the plunger holes; a flow distribution channel is also provided on the side wall of the plunger holes.

[0012] A split guide rail, which includes a stator guide rail and elastic guide rails located on both sides thereon;

[0013] A roller is located between the separate guide rail and the plunger, and forms rolling friction with the separate guide rail;

[0014] The motor housing includes a front housing and a rear housing mounted on the output shaft via bearings; wherein the motor housing is provided with a motor oil inlet and a motor oil return port that can communicate with the flow distribution channel; and the separate guide rail is provided between the output shaft and the front housing.

[0015] Furthermore, an elastic retaining ring, an adjusting shim, and a plunger sealing ring are provided between the output shaft and the rotor.

[0016] Furthermore, the front housing is mounted on the output shaft via bearing I and bearing II;

[0017] A front cover is provided on the end side of the front housing via a skeleton sealing ring, a Gladius ring I, a sealing ring fixing plate, a sealing ring I, and a front cover screw.

[0018] Furthermore, the rear housing is mounted on the support shaft via bearing III, and a distribution plate is arranged inside the rear housing and around the support shaft, wherein a return oil ring groove and an inlet oil ring groove are formed between the distribution plate and the rear housing; the support shaft is coaxially arranged with the output shaft;

[0019] The oil return ring groove and the oil inlet ring groove of the distribution plate are isolated by a Glyd ring III, and are respectively connected to the motor oil return port and the motor oil inlet port through the internal channel of the rear housing. The oil return ring groove and the oil inlet ring groove of the distribution plate are connected to the distribution channel on the rotor alternately with the radially alternating distribution ports as the motor rotor rotates, thereby realizing the functions of oil inlet and oil return.

[0020] Furthermore, a rear end cover is provided on the end side of the rear housing by screw II; a sealing ring IV is provided between the rear end cover and the rear housing; an elastic retaining ring I is provided between the rear end cover and the support shaft; a Glyd ring V is provided between the rear housing and the support shaft; and Glyd ring III and Glyd ring IV are provided between the rear end cover and the distribution plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. Simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0023] A split guide rail structure, employing a combined design, installs non-metallic guide rail components in grooves on both sides of the guide rail. The structural dimensions improve the contact characteristics between the rollers and the inner curved motor guide rail. This alters the motion state of the rollers during operation, thereby improving the lubrication characteristics between the rollers and the guide rail, reducing structural friction and wear, and extending the lifespan of the motor contact pair components. Simultaneously, it avoids the need for manufacturing methods that rely on increased machining precision or advanced heat treatment processes to enhance the strength of the roller and guide rail structure, thus reducing overall manufacturing costs.

[0024] 2. The structure is stable under load and lubrication is reliable.

[0025] A split guide rail structure is provided, in which the rollers contact the non-metallic guide rails on both sides of the inner curved guide rail to generate contact friction, forming rolling friction on the rollers along the inner curved guide rail, and forming a dynamic pressure lubricating oil film on the surface of the rollers and the inner curved guide rail. By combining the load changes during the roller movement, the contact pressure between the rollers and the inner curved surface and between the rollers and the plunger groove surface is balanced, resulting in stable working structure load and high reliability.

[0026] 3. The rollers are subjected to balanced forces, resulting in good low-speed performance.

[0027] A split guide rail structure is disclosed. During the rotation of the rollers with the plunger rotor, the driving torque generated by the frictional force between the rollers and the non-metallic guide rail structures on both sides of the stator guide rail ensures uniform and stable fluid pressure on the surface of the rollers and plunger grooves, balancing the impact load generated during the rollers' movement on the stator guide rail surface. This creates rolling contact between the rollers and the stator guide rail surface, and between the rollers and the plunger groove surface. The resulting elastic oil film effectively reduces frictional wear between the rollers and their contact components during startup or low-speed operation of the internal curve motor, improving the applicability of the internal curve motor under specific operating conditions and ensuring stable output torque.

[0028] 4. Low shear stress on the contact surface, resulting in high structural reliability.

[0029] A split guide rail structure, by means of the elastic structure of the inner curve combined guide rail, utilizes the frictional force formed by the contact between the roller and the elastic guide rail to ensure that the rollers achieve rolling contact on the surface of the inner curve stator guide rail during the start-up or low-speed heavy-load conditions of the inner curve motor, forming dynamic pressure lubrication, reducing the structural stress on the contact surface between the roller and the stator guide rail, avoiding frictional wear damage to the structural surface, and improving the working reliability of the inner curve motor structure. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detachable guide rail of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the oil inlet and outlet structure of the motor;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the middle stator guide rail.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Output shaft; 2. Skeleton seal ring; 3. Glyd ring I; 4. Seal ring fixing plate; 5. Front cover; 6. Seal ring I; 7. Front cover screw; 8. Bearing I; 9. Front housing; 10. Bearing II; 11. Rotor; 12. Plunger; 13. Seal ring II; 14. Rubber stator guide rail; 15. Roller; 16. Stator guide rail; 17. Seal ring III; 18. Glyd ring II; 19. Rear housing; 20. Screw I; 21. Plug I; 22. Glyd ring III ; 23. Glyd ring IV; 24. Glyd ring V; 25. Sealing ring IV; 26. Rear end cover; 27. Elastic retaining ring I; 28. Screw II; 29. ​​Bearing III; 30. Support shaft; 31. Distribution plate fixing pin; 32. Distribution plate oil return ring groove; 33. Distribution plate; 34. Distribution plate oil inlet ring groove; 35. Screw plug II; 36. Distribution channel; 37. Elastic retaining ring; 38. Adjusting shim; 39. Plunger sealing ring; 40. Motor oil inlet; 41. Motor oil return port. Detailed Implementation

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a split guide rail, including a stator guide rail 16 and elastic guide rails 14 installed on both sides of the stator guide rail 16;

[0037] The stator guide rail 16 has multiple continuous curved surfaces inside; elastic guide rails 14 are installed on both sides of it along the shape of the inner curved surface.

[0038] In this embodiment, the inner surface of the elastic guide rail 14 protrudes radially beyond the inner surface of the stator guide rail 16, which facilitates the formation of contact with the elastic guide rail 14 first and increases the radial friction force; in this embodiment, the cross-section of the two elastic guide rails 14 and the stator guide rail 16 is U-shaped.

[0039] The inner surface of the stator is composed of several uniformly distributed curved surfaces of the same shape. The number of curved surfaces, x, represents the number of times the motor operates. Each concave curved surface is symmetrically divided into two halves from its apex. One half is the oil inlet section, where the motor outputs torque, and the other half is the oil return section.

[0040] When the internal curve hydraulic motor is working, high-pressure oil enters the working cavity at the bottom of the radially distributed plunger assembly of the rotor body through the oil distribution window of the distribution plate and the oil inlet channel. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the plungers and rollers are pressed and contact the internal curve stator guide rail. The stator guide rail generates a contact reaction force on the plunger rollers, forming a torque around the rotor center along the normal direction of the stator guide rail surface. This drives the rotor plunger assembly and rollers to rotate together and output torque outward. The kinematic pair formed by the rollers and the internal curve stator guide rail is the key kinematic pair of the internal curve radial plunger motor. The rollers contact the surface of the internal curve guide rail in the plunger groove. Under the conditions of motor start-up or low-speed rotation, the rolling state of the rollers is uncontrolled and slippage is very likely to occur. This causes surface damage between the roller surface and the guide rail surface, accelerating the structural fatigue failure of the rollers, internal curve guide rail and plungers, and affecting the overall service life of the internal curve motor.

[0041] This invention utilizes a novel split guide rail structure for an internal curve radial piston motor. Based on the principle of friction between structural contact surfaces, it employs a combined internal curve guide rail with embedded elastic components. During the contact process between the rollers and the surface of the internal curve guide rail, the guide rail undergoes slight structural deformation, resulting in contact pressure. This generates additional friction between the guide rail structure and the rollers, forming the rolling torque during the starting or low-speed operation of the internal curve hydraulic motor rollers. This improves the lubrication performance of the rollers and enhances the wear resistance of the internal curve guide rail and roller components of the internal curve hydraulic motor, thereby increasing the reliability of the internal curve hydraulic motor rotor and piston assembly.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses an inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail, which includes an output shaft 1, a rotor 11, a split guide rail, rollers 15, and a motor housing.

[0043] The rotor 11 is mounted on the output shaft 1, and a plurality of plunger holes are formed along the radial direction of the output shaft 1, and a plunger 12 is installed in the plunger holes; a flow distribution channel 36 is also formed on the side wall of the plunger holes.

[0044] The split guide rail includes a stator guide rail 16 and elastic guide rails 14 located on both sides thereon;

[0045] The roller 15 is located between the split guide rail and the plunger 12, and forms rolling friction with the split guide rail;

[0046] The motor housing includes a front housing 9 and a rear housing 19 mounted on the output shaft 1 via bearings; wherein a motor oil inlet 40 and a motor oil return port 41, which are connected to the flow distribution channel 36, are installed on the motor housing; and the split guide rail is installed between the output shaft 1 and the front housing 9.

[0047] In this embodiment, an elastic retaining ring 37, an adjusting shim 38, and a plunger sealing ring 39 are installed between the output shaft 1 and the rotor 11.

[0048] In this embodiment, the front housing 9 is mounted on the output shaft 1 via bearing I 8 and bearing II 10;

[0049] A front cover 5 is provided on the end side of the front housing 9 via a skeleton sealing ring 2, a glyph I 3, a sealing ring fixing plate 4, a sealing ring I 6, and a front cover screw 7.

[0050] In this embodiment, the rear housing 19 is mounted on the support shaft 30 via bearing Ⅲ29, and a distribution plate 33 is installed inside the rear housing 19 and around the support shaft 30. A return oil ring groove 32 and an inlet oil ring groove 34 are formed between the distribution plate 33 and the rear housing 19. The support shaft 30 is coaxially arranged with the output shaft 1.

[0051] The distribution plate return oil ring groove 32 and the distribution plate inlet oil ring groove 34 are isolated by a Gladley ring III 22, and are respectively connected to the motor return oil port 41 and the motor inlet oil port 40 through the internal channel of the rear housing 19. The distribution plate return oil ring groove 32 and the distribution plate inlet oil ring groove 34 are connected to the distribution channel 36 on the rotor 11 alternately with the radially alternating distribution ports as the motor rotor 11 rotates, so as to realize the oil inlet and return functions.

[0052] In this embodiment, a rear end cover 26 is installed on the end side of the rear housing 19 by screw II 28; a sealing ring IV 25 is installed between the rear end cover 26 and the rear housing 19; an elastic retaining ring I 27 is installed between the rear end cover 26 and the support shaft 30; a Glyd ring V 24 is installed between the rear housing 19 and the support shaft 30; and a Glyd ring III 22 and a Glyd ring IV 23 are installed between the rear end cover 26 and the distribution plate 33.

[0053] Working principle of the application of split guide rail motor

[0054] When the internal curve hydraulic motor is working, the high-pressure oil introduced through the motor inlet 40 enters the oil passage in the rear housing 19, enters the oil inlet ring groove 34 of the distribution plate, and enters the cavity below the plunger 12 in the rotor 11 through the distribution channel 36 inside the distribution plate 33. This pushes the plunger 12 to move along the rotor radial plunger hole along the plunger axis. The plunger pushes the roller 15 to contact the rubber stator guide 14 in the separate guide rail, and under the contact compression of the roller, contact deformation occurs. The height of the deformed guide rail surface is the same as the inner curve surface of the stator guide 16. Due to the friction generated by the contact between the inner curve surface of the rubber stator guide 14 and the roller, friction is generated tangentially along the surface of the roller 15 and the inner curve surface. Due to the existence of the friction force of the rubber stator guide 14 on the roller 15, the roller 15 rotates around its own axis. Therefore, during the start-up and low-speed rotation of the internal curve motor, the roller 15 is always in a rolling friction state when in contact with the combined stator guide rail, which has a high lubrication effect. While the combined guide rail pushes the roller 15 to generate a lateral thrust on the plunger 12, driving the rotor 11 to rotate, the pressure energy is converted into output torque, which is output outward through the output shaft 1. Under the push of the stator guide rail, the roller 15 causes the plunger to perform a return motion. When the volume of the lower cavity of the plunger 12 decreases, the sealed cavity communicates with the return oil ring groove 32 of the distribution plate through the flow channel inside the rotor. The low-pressure hydraulic oil is discharged from the return oil ring groove 32 of the distribution plate through the motor return oil port 41, forming a complete working process.

[0055] The frictional characteristics of the contact pair between the rollers and the inner curved guide rail in an internal curved motor are a crucial factor affecting the fatigue failure of the stator guide rail and roller components. To reduce friction during transmission, the inner curved guide rail is typically heat-treated to improve its surface contact strength, but this does not fundamentally improve the lubrication characteristics of the roller and guide rail surfaces. To achieve the desired effect, the inner curved guide rail surface can be micro-textured. This microstructure helps store lubricating oil, improving its lubrication performance. However, for internal curved motors, the guide rail surface bears relatively high pressure loads during low-speed heavy loads or startup, increasing the attenuation of the microtextured characteristics. This also affects the formation of frictional damage between the rollers and guide rail. Therefore, it is necessary to address the structural motion characteristics by avoiding sliding friction, enhancing the rolling effect during roller operation, promoting the formation of a pressure oil film, and improving the overall performance of the internal curved hydraulic motor.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal curve radial piston motor using split rails, characterized by, include: Output shaft (1); The rotor (11) is mounted on the output shaft (1) and has a plurality of plunger holes along the radial direction of the output shaft (1), and plungers are provided in the plunger holes; a flow distribution channel is also provided on the side wall of the plunger holes. A split guide rail includes a stator guide rail (16) and elastic guide rails (14) located on both sides thereon; wherein the stator guide rail (16) has a series of continuous curved surfaces inside; and elastic guide rails (14) are provided on both sides along the shape of the inner curved surfaces; the inner surface of the elastic guide rail (14) protrudes radially from the inner surface of the stator guide rail (16), which facilitates the formation of contact with the elastic guide rail (14) first and increases the radial friction force. A roller is located between the separate guide rail and the plunger, and forms rolling friction with the separate guide rail; The motor housing includes a front housing (9) and a rear housing (19) mounted on the output shaft (1) via bearings; wherein the motor housing is provided with a motor oil inlet (40) and a motor oil return port (41) that can communicate with the distribution channel; and the separate guide rail is provided between the output shaft (1) and the front housing (9). When the internal curve hydraulic motor is working, the high-pressure oil introduced through the motor inlet (40) enters the oil passage in the rear housing (19) and enters the oil inlet ring groove (34) of the distribution plate. It enters the cavity below the plunger in the rotor (11) through the distribution channel inside the distribution plate (33), pushing the plunger to move along the rotor radial plunger hole along the plunger axis. The plunger pushes the roller to contact the elastic guide rail (14) in the separate guide rail, and under the contact extrusion of the roller, it generates contact deformation. The height of the guide rail surface of the deformed elastic guide rail (14) is the same as the height of the inner curve surface of the stator guide rail (16). The inner curve surface of the elastic guide rail (14) contacts the roller and generates friction. Friction is generated along the roller surface and the inner curve surface of the elastic guide rail (14) tangentially, causing the roller to rotate around its own axis. During the start-up and low-speed rotation of the internal curve motor, the roller is always in a rolling friction state when it contacts the combined stator guide rail, which has a high lubrication effect.

2. The split rail, inner curve radial piston engine of claim 1, wherein: The cross-sections of the two elastic guide rails (14) and the stator guide rail (16) are U-shaped.

3. The inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic retaining ring (37), an adjusting shim (38), and a plunger sealing ring (39) are provided between the output shaft (1) and the rotor (11).

4. The inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front housing (9) is mounted on the output shaft (1) via bearing I (8) and bearing II (10); A front cover (5) is provided on the end side of the front housing (9) via a skeleton sealing ring (2), a glyph I3, a sealing ring fixing plate (4), a sealing ring I (6), and a front cover screw (7).

5. The inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear housing (19) is mounted on the support shaft (30) via bearing III (29), and a distribution plate (33) is provided inside the rear housing (19) and around the support shaft (30). A distribution plate return oil ring groove (32) and a distribution plate inlet oil ring groove (34) are formed between the distribution plate (33) and the rear housing (19). The support shaft (30) is coaxially arranged with the output shaft (1). The distribution plate return oil ring groove (32) and the distribution plate inlet oil ring groove (34) are isolated by a Gladley ring III (22) and are connected to the motor return oil port (41) and the motor inlet oil port (40) respectively through the internal channel of the rear housing (19). The distribution plate return oil ring groove (32) and the distribution plate inlet oil ring groove (34) are connected to the distribution channel on the rotor (11) alternately with the radially alternating distribution ports to realize the oil inlet and return functions as the motor rotor (11) rotates.

6. The inner curve radial piston motor using a split guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rear end cover (26) is provided on the end side of the rear housing (19) by screw II (28); a sealing ring IV (25) is provided between the rear end cover (26) and the rear housing (19); an elastic retaining ring I (27) is provided between the rear end cover (26) and the support shaft (30); a Gladius ring V (24) is provided between the rear housing (19) and the support shaft (30); and a Gladius ring III (22) and a Gladius ring IV (23) are provided between the rear end cover (26) and the distribution plate (33).

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