An easily soluble oak leaf medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of medicinal tea preparation technology, specifically relating to an easily soluble oak leaf medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones and its preparation method. Using oak leaves as raw material, this invention utilizes a fermentation process for medicinal tea production to create a medicinal tea product, improving its taste and flavor. The oak leaf medicinal tea is then extracted and refined into an easily soluble powder, thus achieving in-depth development and utilization of oak leaf resources. This invention determines the optimal fermentation process through single-factor studies and verifies its efficacy through in vitro and in vivo experiments, demonstrating its therapeutic effect on kidney stones and emphasizing its importance as an excellent medicinal tea beverage for preventing the formation and recurrence of urinary stones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medicinal tea preparation technology, specifically relating to an easily soluble oak leaf medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Urinary calculi are a common urinary tract disease in my country and worldwide, with a recurrence rate as high as 70% within ten years. Although modern medicine can perform high-level minimally invasive treatments, there are still unfavorable factors such as postoperative infection and recurrence, and chemotherapy has many side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment, as a relatively safe and effective method, has more advantages. Oak leaf, as a traditional Chinese medicine, has good utilization value and broad development prospects.

[0003] Oak leaves are from the oak tree (Quercus variabilis), a plant belonging to the genus Quercus in the family Fagaceae. Quercus dentata The dried leaves of *Thunb.* (a type of oak). First recorded in the *Xinxiu Bencao* (Newly Revised Materia Medica) of the Tang Dynasty. Oak leaves are sweet and bitter in taste, neutral in nature, and non-toxic. They can treat hemorrhoids, stop bleeding, promote urination, and expel tapeworms. Modern scientific research shows that oak leaves possess various activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-stone properties. "Mishitong Capsules," with oak leaves as the main ingredient, are included in the 2020 edition of the *Chinese Pharmacopoeia*. They have the effects of clearing heat and dampness, promoting qi circulation and removing blood stasis, and are clinically used to treat kidney stones or ureteral stones caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis, as well as damp-heat accumulation in the lower body.

[0004] Oak leaves can be used to treat urinary stones, and drinking plenty of water helps to expel these stones, thus oak leaves have high potential for development into medicinal teas. However, the utilization of oak leaves currently faces the following problems: raw oak leaves have a sour and astringent odor and unpleasant taste, making them unsuitable for direct brewing. The fermentation process for oak leaf medicinal teas is unstable, which can affect sensory evaluation. The short brewing time hinders the full extraction of the effective components, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, from the oak leaf medicinal tea. All of these factors are detrimental to the development and utilization of oak leaf resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art and fill the gaps in the prior art, the present invention provides an oak leaf easily soluble medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones and its preparation method.

[0006] This invention uses oak leaves as raw material and employs a fermentation process similar to that used in medicinal tea to produce a medicinal tea product. This process improves the taste and enhances the flavor. The oak leaf medicinal tea is then extracted and refined into a powdered, easily soluble tea, thus achieving in-depth development and utilization of oak leaf resources. This invention determines the optimal fermentation process through single-factor studies and verifies its efficacy through in vitro and in vivo experiments, demonstrating its therapeutic effect on kidney stones and emphasizing its importance as an excellent medicinal tea beverage for preventing the formation and recurrence of urinary stones.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an easily soluble oak leaf medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Picking mature and fresh oak leaves:

[0010] (2) After washing the fresh leaves, let them air dry naturally and spread them out to wither until the leaf color darkens, the grassy smell disappears, and the fruity aroma is detected.

[0011] (3) After wilting, cut the leaves into pieces of about 1 cm × 3 cm and knead them until the breakage rate reaches more than 70%;

[0012] (4) Pile the kneaded leaves together and ferment until they all change color, ventilating them regularly during the process;

[0013] (5) The fermented leaves are put into an oven to dry and make oak leaf medicinal tea;

[0014] (6) Put the prepared oak leaf tea into an extraction tank, add water and heat to extract, remove insoluble matter, concentrate, dry and grind into powder and package to make oak leaf easily soluble tea that can dissolve kidney stones.

[0015] As an optional approach, in the above preparation method, in step (1), mature and fresh oak leaves from June to September are used.

[0016] As an optional method, in the above preparation method, in step (2), the leaves are spread with a thickness of 3~6cm, a temperature of 20~25℃, a humidity of 50~70%, and a time of more than 6 hours until the leaf color turns dark green and the grassy smell disappears and turns into a fruity aroma.

[0017] As an optional method, in the above preparation method, in step (3), the kneading-pounding-kneading is carried out in the order of kneading-pounding-kneading, and then pressure is applied to pound and knead for more than half an hour until the breakage rate reaches about 70%.

[0018] As an optional method, in the above preparation method, in step (4), the thickness of the spread is 3~6cm, the fermentation temperature is 25~35℃, the fermentation time is about 24 hours, the fermentation humidity is above 90%, and the number of ventilations during the fermentation process is not less than 8 times.

[0019] As an optional method, in the above preparation method, in step (5), the drying is specifically as follows: first, dry at a temperature of 60°C for 60 minutes, turning the leaves over every 20 minutes, and then take them out to cool; then dry at a temperature of 90°C for 120 minutes until the moisture content is less than 5%.

[0020] As an optional method, in the above preparation method, in step (6), the specific extraction method is as follows: the amount of water added is 8-12 times, the extraction temperature is about 100℃, the extraction is carried out 3 times, the extraction time is 1-1.5 h each time, the filtration is carried out using 200-300 mesh nylon mesh, the filtrate is centrifuged at high speed to remove insoluble sediment, the centrifugation speed is 5000-10000 rpm, the centrifugation time is 10-20 min, the supernatant is taken and concentrated by vacuum rotary evaporation, and then pulverized by spray drying, vacuum decompression drying or freeze drying, and packaged into oak leaf easily soluble medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an oak leaf soluble medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones, prepared by the preparation method described in the first aspect above.

[0022] As an optional method, in the above-mentioned oak leaf easily soluble medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones, each serving of 250-500 mg of oak leaf easily soluble medicinal tea powder is brewed with 250-500 mL of boiling water, and the total amount of oak leaf easily soluble medicinal tea powder consumed daily should not exceed 1g.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) In this invention, oak leaves are first prepared into oak leaf tea, and then extracted into oak leaf soluble tea. Compared with the extract of raw oak leaves, it not only improves the inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate crystals in vitro, but also does not lose the active ingredients in oak leaves when using the preparation method of this invention. Compared with raw oak leaves, the oak leaf tea has no significant difference in effect on kidney stones in vivo, and also optimizes the drinking taste.

[0025] (2) In this invention, the prepared oak leaf tea leaves are placed in an extraction tank, and 10 times the amount of water is added for extraction 3 times, each time for 1 to 1.5 hours. After filtration, the insoluble matter is removed by centrifugation, and after concentration, the leaves are dried, pulverized, and packaged to make oak leaf easily soluble tea that can dissolve kidney stones.

[0026] (3) In this invention, the process parameters of the preparation steps of oak leaf medicinal tea were screened using methods such as single-factor investigation, chemical taste score and sensory evaluation, which is scientific and reasonable and takes into account both taste and health benefits.

[0027] (4) The raw material of the oak leaf medicinal tea of ​​the present invention is only fresh oak leaves. No additives are added during the fermentation process, making it a pure natural oak leaf easy-to-dissolve medicinal tea. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 Results of single-factor experiments on the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and total sugar content of oak leaf tea.

[0029] Figure 2 Image showing the color of oak leaf tea infusion.

[0030] Figure 3 Effects of oak leaf extract and oak leaf tea extract on in vitro crystals under a microscope. Wherein, C: blank control group, W: oak leaf extract, T: oak leaf tea extract.

[0031] Figure 4 XRD pattern of calcium oxalate crystals. Left: QD-oak leaf water extract, right: QDT-oak leaf herbal tea. Concentrations 1, 2, and 3 are 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 g / mL, respectively.

[0032] Figure 5 Line graphs showing the calcium ion content in the supernatant of calcium oxalate crystals (left) and the COD content (right).

[0033] Figure 6 Results of various physiological indicators were obtained. The drug administration concentrations were as follows: QD-L oak leaf low dose 0.125 g / kg, QD-H high dose group 0.5 g / kg, and QDTea oak leaf herbal tea group 0.5 g / kg.

[0034] Figure 7 HE section of rat kidney tissue. 400X; a: blank control, b: model, c: Bishitong capsules, d: low-dose oak leaf group, e: high-dose oak leaf group, f: oak leaf herbal tea group. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0036] Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field, or in accordance with the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased through legitimate channels.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following embodiments are commercially available products.

[0038] Example 1: Preparation method of oak leaf tea leaves that can dissolve kidney stones

[0039] A method for preparing an easily soluble oak leaf herbal tea that can dissolve kidney stones, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) Picking mature and fresh oak leaves:

[0041] (2) After washing the fresh leaves, let them air dry naturally and spread them out to wither until the leaf color turns dark, the grassy smell disappears, and the fruity aroma is smelled. Specifically, spread them out to a thickness of 3-6cm, at a temperature of 20-25℃, with a humidity of 50-70%, for a time of more than 6 hours, until the leaf color turns dark green, the grassy smell disappears and turns into a fruity aroma.

[0042] (3) After withering, cut the leaves into pieces of about 1 cm × 3 cm and knead them until the breakage rate reaches more than 70%. Specifically, knead them in the order of kneading-pounding-kneading, first knead them moderately, then apply pressure and pound them for more than half an hour until the breakage rate reaches about 70%.

[0043] (4) Pile the kneaded leaves together and ferment until they all change color. Ventilate regularly during the process. Specifically, spread the leaves to a thickness of 3-6cm, ferment at a temperature of 25-35℃, ferment for about 24 hours, maintain a humidity of over 90%, and ventilate at least 8 times during the fermentation process.

[0044] (5) The fermented leaves are put into an oven to dry and make oak leaf medicinal tea. Specifically, the leaves are first dried at 60°C for 60 minutes, and then shaken every 20 minutes. The leaves are then taken out and cooled. The leaves are then dried at 90°C for 120 minutes until the moisture content is less than 5%.

[0045] Single-factor investigations were conducted on the fermentation conditions of oak leaf herbal tea by selecting different fermentation times, temperatures, and humidity levels. The quality characteristics of the tea liquor, such as concentration, color, and freshness, were tested and evaluated using the chemical identification method for broken black tea, and scores were calculated (see Table 1).

[0046] Table 1: Conditions for Single-Factor Experiment

[0047]

[0048] The total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum trichloride colorimetric method. The total polyphenol content was determined using the ferrous tartrate colorimetric method. The total sugar content was determined using the anthrone sulfuric acid method.

[0049] According to the modified national standard evaluation method for broken black tea GB / T23776-2018 (i.e., 3 g tea sample added to 150 mL of boiling water, steeping time 5 min), the samples were evaluated for appearance, aroma, liquor color, taste, and infused leaves, and scores were calculated based on weights. Simultaneously, distilled water was used as a control, and the color of the tea liquor was measured using a colorimeter calibrated for black and white, with the average of three measurements taken. See Table 2.

[0050] Table 2: Sensory Evaluation Items for Oak Leaf Herbal Tea

[0051]

[0052] The optimal fermentation conditions for flavor were selected, and the fermentation process of the optimal tea sample was verified three times using sensory evaluation, content determination, and colorimetry methods to obtain the verification results.

[0053] The optimal processing method determined using the above methods was a fermentation time of 24 hours, a fermentation humidity of 90%, and a fermentation temperature of 35℃ (detailed screening scores are shown in Tables 3-5). The oak leaf herbal tea produced under these conditions exhibited excellent sensory quality, with well-preserved active ingredients, and significantly improved flavor and color.

[0054] Table 3: Flavor and quality scores of oak leaf herbal tea at different fermentation times

[0055]

[0056] Table 4: Flavor Quality Scores of Oak Leaf Herbal Tea at Different Fermentation Humidities

[0057]

[0058] Table 5: Flavor and quality scores of oak leaf herbal tea at different fermentation temperatures

[0059]

[0060] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that in the single-factor study of the fermentation process of oak leaf tea, the total phenol content, total flavonoid content and total sugar content are basically consistent with the taste quality score results, and the total phenol content is almost completely consistent with the chemical taste score trend.

[0061] Certification of optimal fermentation process parameters for oak leaf herbal tea: The optimal fermentation conditions for flavor scoring were selected: fermentation temperature 35℃, relative humidity 90%, and fermentation time 24 hours. The optimal process was verified using content determination, sensory evaluation, and colorimetry. The results are shown in Tables 6-8 and 6-8. Figure 2 As shown.

[0062] Table 6: Content of active ingredients in oak leaf herbal tea extract (mg / g)

[0063]

[0064] Table 7: Evaluation Results of the Optimal Fermentation Process for Oak Leaf Herbal Tea

[0065]

[0066] Table 8: Colorimeter Comparison Results of Oak Leaf Herbal Tea

[0067]

[0068] L Brightness (white + black -); a (Red + Green -); b (Yellow + Blue -); C Saturation (Vibrant + Dull -); h Tonal differences.

[0069] The production process study employed a single-factor experimental design to investigate the preparation of oak leaf medicinal tea, and determined the optimal processing conditions (24h, 90%, 35℃) through a scientific method that uses chemical taste scoring to eliminate overly subjective factors.

[0070] Observations showed that the total phenolic content initially decreased and then increased with time and humidity, suggesting that oxidation during tea fermentation altered the chemical composition, changing the types of phenolic compounds and producing new ones, thus increasing the content. Considering energy conservation, a 24-hour fermentation time and 90% humidity were used. The content decreased after reaching its peak at 35℃, consistent with the optimal conditions of 24 hours, 90% humidity, and 35℃. It is speculated that the total phenolic content is likely the most significant factor influencing the chemical flavor score.

[0071] The total flavonoid content gradually decreased with increasing fermentation time, but did not decrease significantly after 24 hours. Humidity initially decreased and then increased, with 90% being optimal. It gradually increased with increasing temperature. Considering the trend of total phenolic content, the maximum temperature of 40℃ was not used. The total sugar content initially decreased and then increased with fermentation time and temperature. Combining other content trends, the highest point of increase was selected as the optimal condition. Humidity gradually decreased with fermentation. Although 90% sugar content is the lowest, 90% humidity was still selected for the sake of the flavor, taste, and color of the fermented tea.

[0072] Considering the component content and chemical taste scores of the comprehensive single-factor results, the optimal process conditions were determined to be a fermentation temperature of 35℃, a relative humidity of 90%, and a fermentation time of 24 hours without change. After certification through the optimal fermentation process parameters for oak leaf medicinal tea, the finished oak leaf medicinal tea has good sensory quality, and the effective components are well preserved. Its taste and liquor color are significantly improved, providing a good solution for the development and utilization of oak leaves.

[0073] Example 2: Preparation of easily soluble total extract of oak leaf herbal tea

[0074] Take 500 g of dried oak leaf tea, heat and extract 3 times, each extraction time is 1 h, add 10 times the amount of water, filter with 200 mesh nylon cloth, combine the extracts, centrifuge at high speed (8000 rpm, 10 min), discard the insoluble matter, concentrate the supernatant after impurity removal by rotary evaporation (60-65℃), freeze dry and grind into powder to obtain the easily soluble oak leaf tea powder.

[0075] Example 3: Pharmacodynamic Validation in In Vitro Crystallography

[0076] By culturing calcium oxalate crystals in vitro, the calcium content in the supernatant of calcium oxalate after centrifugation was measured in solutions with different concentrations of the drug solution. 2+ The concentration of the obtained calcium oxalate crystal precipitate was determined, and the microscopic and XRD characteristics were performed. Before use in in vitro experiments, the extract was prepared in advance with a concentration of 0.2 g / mL and frozen at -20℃. Different concentrations were prepared by dissolving the extract in hot water at 80~90℃, and the supernatant was collected after centrifugation at 5000 rpm / 15min.

[0077] In the in vitro experiments, 40 mL of 20 mmol / L CaCl2 solution and 20 mL of the drug solution were added to a beaker. After stirring magnetically at 37°C for 5 minutes, 40 mL of 20 mmol / L Na2C2O4 solution was added. The mixture was reacted for 10 minutes and then allowed to stand for 24 hours. After vortexing the solution, 1 mL was taken for microsurfacing, and the crystal morphology was observed under a polarizing microscope. The remaining portion was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes, and the soluble Ca in the supernatant was determined. 2+ Ion concentration (including free calcium ions in solution and calcium ions dissolved in solution after coordination with the sample). Calcium oxalate precipitate was evaporated to dryness and then dried to constant weight in a vacuum desiccator at 50°C, yielding calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals. Subsequent XRD analysis was performed, and the COD content was calculated using the K-value method.

[0078] Figure 3 The bright areas under a polarizing microscope show the proportion of crystals, indicating that both oak leaf tea and oak leaf extract have the ability to convert calcium oxalate monohydrate to calcium oxalate dihydrate, which is more conducive to the expulsion of stones. Figure 4 XRD diffraction results and Figure 5 The COD content analysis showed that after the addition of the extract, the XRD diffraction pattern indicated that calcium oxalate crystals significantly changed from the stable COD form to the thermodynamically unstable COD form, with the oak leaf tea group showing a more pronounced effect than the oak leaf group. This confirms that both oak leaf tea and oak leaves possess a strong ability to inhibit calcium oxalate crystal formation, and this ability increases with increasing concentration.

[0079] from Figure 4 Ca 2+ The content analysis showed that, compared with the blank crystal group, all treatment groups exhibited significant differences. Furthermore, comparisons between the treatment groups concluded that the oak leaf tea extract of this invention was superior to the oak leaf extract, both of which could increase the free Ca content in the system. 2+ The concentration further suggests that the calcium may be chelated by organic acids or polysaccharides in the extract, along with C2O4 in the solution. 2- Competition can attract Ca 2+This reduces the concentration of calcium ions in the solution, causing Ca... 2+ +C2O4 2- The dynamic equilibrium of CaC2O4 shifts to the left, making it more difficult to form CaC2O4 molecules, thus slowing down the nucleation of CaC2O4 crystals. This indicates that the effect of oak leaves and oak leaf tea on the growth of calcium oxalate crystals is mainly to inhibit the nucleation of CaC2O4 crystals.

[0080] Example 4: Pharmacodynamic verification of calcium oxalate stones in rats in vivo

[0081] A rat model of calcium oxalate stones was established using a combination of vitamin D3 (VD3) gavage and ethylene glycol-based free drinking water method. Preliminary pharmacodynamic studies were conducted to compare the efficacy of oak leaf water extract and oak leaf tea extract in treating calcium oxalate stones in rats, exploring whether they affected the rats' anti-calculi effect. Pharmacodynamic results showed that the rat model of calcium oxalate stones was successfully established, with significant improvement in the treated groups compared to the model group. Both the oak leaf tea group and the oak leaf group in the treatment group exhibited anti-calculi effects.

[0082] Preparation of oak leaf herbal tea extract: Take oak leaf herbal tea sample, pulverize it, add 10 times the amount of water, and heat to extract 3 times, 2 hours each time. Filter through a 200-mesh nylon mesh, combine the extracts, centrifuge at high speed to remove insoluble matter, collect the supernatant, and concentrate to obtain the dry extract. Take an appropriate amount and reconstitute with water.

[0083] Forty-two SD rats (weighing 200±20 g, purchased from Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., license number: SCXK(Liaoning)2020-0001) were acclimatized for one week and randomly divided into six groups: control, model, Mishitong (containing oak leaf dry extract, used to treat kidney or ureteral stones of qi stagnation and blood stasis type and damp-heat type), low-dose oak leaf (0.125 g / kg), high-dose oak leaf (0.5 g / kg), and oak leaf herbal tea (0.5 g / kg), with seven rats in each group. The control group received a normal diet for 3 weeks, while the model and treatment groups received 0.6% ethylene glycol in drinking water and were given 0.5 μmol / mL vitamin D3 / corn oil by gavage every other day for 4 weeks to induce renal calcium oxalate crystallization. The treatment groups received 1 mL of the drug daily (the positive control group used the clinical dose, and the extract group used the crude drug amount).

[0084] One day before the end of the experiment, 24-hour urine samples from rats were collected using the metabolic cage method and frozen at -80°C for later testing. On the day of dissection, rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital. The abdominal cavity and both kidneys were exposed by incision, and 5 mL of blood was collected via the abdominal aorta. The serum was separated by centrifugation, aliquoted, and frozen at -80°C for testing of indicators such as BUN and CRE.

[0085] After blood collection, the peritoneal cavity was rinsed with physiological saline, and both kidneys were removed, dried with sterile filter paper, weighed, and photographed. The left kidney of the rat was harvested, tissue was cut, weighed, and then mixed with 1:9 ice-cold physiological saline for grinding. The tissue was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min, and the supernatant was aliquoted and cryopreserved for further analysis. The remaining tissue was stored in cryovials in liquid nitrogen. The right kidney of the rat was longitudinally cut and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde fixative for at least 48 h for subsequent histopathological sectioning. The fixed kidney tissue specimens were embedded in paraffin and sectioned for subsequent HE staining and microscopic observation.

[0086] Processing of biological samples: Tissue samples: After cutting and weighing the frozen tissue, add 1:9 ice-cold physiological saline, grind the tissue, centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 10 min, collect the supernatant, aliquot and freeze for further detection of indicators.

[0087] All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. All in vitro experiments were performed at least three times. The t-test was used for comparisons between two groups. One-way or two-way ANOVA was used for comparisons among multiple groups. Graphpad Prism 8.0.1 software was used for data analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown in a, 6b, and 6c, creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are common indicators of kidney function reflecting glomerular filtration. Higher serum Cr indicates poorer glomerular filtration, while urinary Cre shows the opposite effect to serum Cre. High serum BUN indicates impaired kidney function, such as renal insufficiency. Figure 6 The kidney coefficient (d) is the ratio of kidney mass to body weight. The shape and weight of the kidney will increase slightly when there is hydronephrosis or a mass in the kidney. Figure 6 e represents the concentration of calcium ions in the blood. When blood calcium levels are high, calcium ions combine with oxalate to form calcium oxalate stones. Calcium oxalate is the most common component of kidney stones, which may promote their formation. Severe kidney stones can cause renal obstruction, leading to renal parenchymal damage and impaired calcium excretion, resulting in hypercalcemia. Abnormal blood calcium metabolism is closely related to the formation and recurrence of kidney stones. When the kidneys' filtration function cannot retain all calcium from the blood, it enters the urine. Calcium salts precipitate from the urine and deposit in the kidneys, causing a supersaturation of calcium in the urine and leading to kidney stone formation. Figure 6 f shows the comparison of urine output per 500g body weight in rats over 24 hours, which can illustrate whether the positive control and the extract group have any effect on diuresis.

[0089] The data from the positive control and extract groups were generally significantly different from those from the model group. Figure 6Significant differences were observed between the treatment group and the model group in terms of ae index, but no significant differences were found among the treatment groups themselves. The trends in the index graphs were generally similar, fully demonstrating that the treatment groups all exhibited therapeutic effects on renal function indicators. Figure 6 The result indicates that the positive control and extract group had higher urine output compared to the model group, proving that oak leaves and oak leaf tea have a certain diuretic effect.

[0090] like Figure 7 As shown, compared with the blank group, the model group exhibited significant dilation of the renal tubules, necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, or significant flattening. The drug-treated group showed significant improvement compared to the model group. Compared with the low-dose group, the high-dose oak leaf group and the oak leaf tea group had more complete kidney tissue sections, with less renal tubular dilation, renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis, and flattening. However, the degree of renal tubular dilation, renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis, and flattening was similar between the high-dose oak leaf group and the oak leaf tea group, with no significant difference, indicating that both groups had a certain therapeutic effect.

[0091] Based on the comprehensive analysis of the above results, the oak leaf tea, after fermentation, still has the same anti-urinary stone effect as oak leaves at the same dosage, and also has a certain diuretic effect, which confirms the functionality and efficacy of the oak leaf tea.

[0092] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an easily soluble oak leaf medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones, characterized in that: The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Picking mature and fresh oak leaves: (2) After washing the fresh leaves, let them air dry naturally and spread them out to wither until the leaf color darkens, the grassy smell disappears, and the fruity aroma is detected. (3) After wilting, cut the leaves into 1 cm × 3 cm pieces and knead them until the breakage rate reaches more than 70%; (4) Pile the kneaded leaves together and ferment until they all change color. Ventilate regularly during the process. Spread the leaves to a thickness of 3-6 cm. Fermentation temperature: 25-35℃. Fermentation time: 24 hours. Fermentation humidity: 90% or higher. Ventilate at least 8 times during the fermentation process. (5) The fermented leaves are put into an oven to dry and make oak leaf tea. First, dry at 60°C for 60 minutes, turning and shaking the leaves every 20 minutes, then take them out and spread them out to cool; then dry at 90°C for 120 minutes until the moisture content is less than 5%. (6) Place the prepared oak leaf tea into an extraction tank, add 8 to 12 times the amount of water, extract at 100°C, extract 3 times, and extract for 1 to 1.5 hours each time. Filter with 200 to 300 mesh nylon mesh. Centrifuge the filtrate at high speed to remove insoluble sediment. Centrifuge at 5000 to 10000 rpm for 10 to 20 minutes. Take the supernatant and concentrate it by vacuum rotary evaporation. Then, use spray drying, vacuum decompression drying or freeze drying to pulverize and package it into oak leaf tea that can dissolve kidney stones.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), spread the leaves to a thickness of 3-6 cm, at a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50-70%, for a time of more than 2 hours, until the leaf color turns dark green and the grassy smell disappears and turns into a fruity aroma.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), the amount of water added is 10 times, the extraction temperature is 100℃, the extraction is performed 3 times, and the total extraction time is 3 hours. The filtrate is filtered using a 200~300 mesh nylon mesh cloth. The insoluble sediment is removed by high-speed centrifugation at a speed of 5000~10000 rpm for 10~20 min. The supernatant is concentrated by vacuum rotary evaporation, and then pulverized by spray drying, vacuum decompression drying or freeze drying. It is then packaged into oak leaf soluble medicinal tea that can dissolve kidney stones.

4. An oak leaf soluble medicinal tea for dissolving kidney stones prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The oak leaf soluble medicinal tea for dissolving kidney stones according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each serving contains 250-500 mg of oak leaf soluble medicinal tea powder, brewed with 250-500 mL of boiling water. The total daily intake of oak leaf soluble medicinal tea powder should not exceed 1 g.

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