A complex patterned masking coating laser engraving device for suppressing stray corrosion in electrochemical machining and an engraving method thereof

Abstract

The application aims to provide a complex pattern shielding coating laser engraving device for inhibiting stray corrosion of spin printing electrolytic machining and an engraving method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining. The method comprises the following steps: a workpiece rotating system is rotatably arranged on a base for carrying a workpiece to be engraved; a carrying displacement table is slidably arranged on the base; the carrying displacement table is used for carrying a laser and a sighting system; the sighting system is aligned with an engraving starting position; a control system controls the carrying displacement table to move according to a preset path, so as to control the height and angle of the laser, the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved, and the rotation of the workpiece rotating system; and then the engraving of the workpiece to be engraved is completed. The application inhibits stray corrosion during the spin printing electrolytic machining of rotary parts through the protection of the coating on the boss and the non-machining area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical machining technology, and in particular to a laser engraving device and method for suppressing stray corrosion in spin-printed electrochemical machining of complex pattern shielding coatings. Background Technology

[0002] Spin-printing electrochemical machining is a method for machining rotating parts based on the principle of anodic electrochemical dissolution, such as... Figure 1 This method employs a rotating body with a perforated window as the tool electrode and the workpiece as the anode. During machining, the workpiece and tool electrode rotate relative to each other at the same angular velocity. Simultaneously, the tool electrode feeds radially along the anode of the workpiece at a certain speed. Under electrolysis, the material on the surface of the anode workpiece is continuously dissolved. The complex, uneven structure of the part is machined in a single pass under the action of the rolling sleeve of the window structure on the tool electrode surface. Compared with conventional machining methods, rotary electrolytic machining offers significant advantages such as no tool wear, no limitation by the mechanical properties of the metal material, high machining efficiency, no recast layer, no microcracks, and no residual stress. It is ideally suited for manufacturing complex surfaces of thin-walled, weakly rigid rotating parts made of difficult-to-machine materials, such as aero-engine casings.

[0003] In electrochemical machining (ECM), stray currents can cause abnormal dissolution in non-machined areas, resulting in stray corrosion. Materials like titanium alloys are particularly prone to pitting corrosion in sodium chloride solutions, affecting machining accuracy and surface quality. Applying a shielding layer to the non-machined areas of the workpiece surface can effectively suppress stray corrosion during ECM, playing a crucial role in improving ECM accuracy. However, due to the high requirements for the positional and shape accuracy of the bosses under the shielding layer, existing shielding layer preparation processes mostly employ exposure and development etching methods. This method suffers from low accuracy, complex processes, and long preparation cycles, failing to meet the demands of ECM machining of large-sized, complex surfaces such as housings. Therefore, establishing a laser patterning system for shielding coatings in ECM is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser engraving device and method for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin electrochemical machining, which can suppress stray corrosion during spin electrochemical machining of rotating parts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrochemical machining includes:

[0007] Base, workpiece rotation system, laser, mounting displacement stage, aiming system and control system;

[0008] The workpiece rotation system, the laser, the mounting displacement stage, and the aiming system are all connected to the control system;

[0009] The workpiece rotation system is rotatably mounted on the base; the workpiece rotation system is used to carry the workpiece to be engraved; the workpiece to be engraved is a cylindrical hollow structure, or a conical hollow structure, or a combination of hollow structures; the combination of hollow structures includes multiple structural units stacked sequentially from top to bottom; the structural units are cylindrical hollow structures or conical hollow structures;

[0010] The mounting displacement stage is disposed on the base; the mounting displacement stage is used to mount the laser and the aiming system;

[0011] The aiming system is used to align the starting position of the engraving pattern;

[0012] The control system is used to control the displacement stage to move along a preset path, so as to control the height and angle of the laser, as well as the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved.

[0013] The control system is used to control the workpiece rotation system to rotate the workpiece to be engraved.

[0014] The laser is used to perform the engraving process on the workpiece to be engraved.

[0015] Optionally, the device may also include a rangefinder;

[0016] The rangefinder is connected to the control system;

[0017] The rangefinder is used to obtain the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved;

[0018] The control system is used to control the displacement stage to move along a direction close to or away from the workpiece to be engraved until the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved is equal to the focal length of the laser.

[0019] Optionally, the mounting displacement stage includes: a Y-axis slide rail, a first Z-axis slide rail, a Y-axis moving platform, a Z-axis moving platform, a yaw shaft, and a mounting stage;

[0020] The Y-direction moving platform is slidably mounted on the base via the Y-direction slide rail; one end of the Y-direction slide rail is connected to the workpiece rotation system.

[0021] The Z-direction moving platform is slidably disposed on the side of the Z-direction moving platform via the first Z-direction slide rail; the first Z-direction slide rail is perpendicular to the Y-direction slide rail;

[0022] The mounting platform is disposed on the side of the Z-direction moving platform away from the first Z-direction slide rail; the mounting platform is rotatably connected to the Z-direction moving platform via the yaw shaft;

[0023] The mounting platform is used to mount the laser, the aiming system, and the rangefinder;

[0024] The Y-direction moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide horizontally;

[0025] The Z-direction moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide vertically.

[0026] The yaw shaft is used to mount the laser and yaw it at a preset yaw angle when sculpting a conical hollow structure or sculpting a conical hollow structure in a combined hollow structure, so that the laser is parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure.

[0027] Optionally, the mounting platform is a columnar structure;

[0028] The laser is disposed at the bottom end of the mounting platform;

[0029] The aiming system is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail;

[0030] When the aiming system is slid to its lowest position, the center of the aiming system coincides with the center of the laser.

[0031] The rangefinder is mounted on the platform.

[0032] Optionally, the aiming system includes a CCD vision lens and a display;

[0033] Both the CCD vision lens and the display are connected to the control system.

[0034] The CCD vision lens is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail;

[0035] When the CCD vision lens is slid to the bottom, the center of the CCD vision lens coincides with the center of the laser.

[0036] The display is used to display the visual information acquired by the CCD vision lens;

[0037] The control system is used to control the CCD vision lens to slide upward when it receives the aiming completion signal; the aiming completion signal is issued by the operator when the center of the laser is aligned with the marking position on the workpiece to be engraved based on visual information.

[0038] A method for etching a laser etching apparatus for suppressing stray corrosion in spin electrochemical machining of complex pattern shielding coatings, the method being applied to the aforementioned laser etching apparatus for suppressing stray corrosion in spin electrochemical machining of complex pattern shielding coatings, the etching method comprising:

[0039] Determine the bottommost structural unit of the workpiece to be engraved as the current structural unit;

[0040] The platform carrying the laser moves horizontally along the Y-axis until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser.

[0041] When the current structural unit is a conical hollow structure, the laser of the CCD vision lens is tilted at a preset tilt angle to make the laser parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure; when the current structural unit is a cylindrical hollow structure, the laser is tilted at a preset tilt angle to make the laser parallel to the cylindrical hollow structure.

[0042] Upon receiving the aiming completion signal, the CCD vision lens is controlled to slide upwards, so that the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position of the current structural unit;

[0043] Based on the drawing pattern, obtain the image to be drawn on the side surface of the current structural unit;

[0044] The image to be drawn on the side surface is cropped according to the width of the image to be drawn on the side surface along the single marking height of the laser to obtain a single-circle image sequence;

[0045] Let the iteration cycle number i = 1;

[0046] Determine the i-th image to be drawn in a single week as the image to be drawn in the current single week;

[0047] The images to be drawn in the current week are evenly divided and cropped to obtain a sequence of unit images to be drawn.

[0048] The ratio of 360 degrees to the number of elements in the image sequence to be drawn is determined as the current rotation angle;

[0049] Let the number of iteration units n = 1;

[0050] Determine the image to be drawn in the nth cell as the image to be drawn in the current cell;

[0051] The laser is controlled to engrave the image to be drawn in the current unit at the marked position;

[0052] The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle to update the annotation position, the value of the iteration unit number n is increased by 1 and the process returns to the step "determine the nth unit to be drawn image as the current unit to be drawn image" until the sequence of unit to be drawn images is traversed to complete the single-circle engraving.

[0053] The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle, and the Z-direction moving platform is controlled to move upward by a distance equal to the width of the current single-cycle image to be drawn, so as to update the annotation position, increment the value of the iteration cycle number i by 1, and return to the step "determine the i-th single-cycle image to be drawn as the current single-cycle image to be drawn" until the sequence of single-cycle images to be drawn is traversed.

[0054] Determine the previous structural unit as the current structural unit, and return to the step "Control the Y-direction moving platform to move the laser along the horizontal direction until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser" until all structural units are traversed to complete the engraving of the workpiece to be engraved.

[0055] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0056] This invention provides a laser engraving device and method for suppressing stray corrosion in complex pattern shielding coatings during rotary electrochemical machining. The device determines the synchronous rotation angle of the rotary motor and, based on the width of the divided small rectangles, determines the angle of each electrode rotation θ = 360° / n. That is, for every θ rotation of the workpiece driven by the motor, the engraving laser engraves a pattern within a small rectangular area. It can engrave workpieces of different diameters, heights, and coating thicknesses. The method is simple and highly adaptable, offering high engraving accuracy; the positional and dimensional accuracy of the pattern is better than that of exposure development and manual stripping. This invention plays a crucial role in solving the stray corrosion problem during rotary electrochemical machining and improving processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spin-printing electrolytic machining boss forming process based on a shielding layer in prior art 1;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coating in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement stage in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a workpiece image with a coating pattern in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 This is a two-dimensional diagram of the unfolded three-dimensional model in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a breakdown diagram of the two-dimensional model in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is the diagram after filling in the split diagram in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the first pattern segment divided into n segments in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 This is the filling diagram of the kth small rectangle in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0067] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Z-direction moving platform; 2-Oscillating shaft; 3-Y-direction moving platform; 4-Workpiece rotation system; 5-Workpiece to be engraved; 6-CCD vision lens; 7-Range meter; 8-Laser. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser engraving device and method for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin electrochemical machining, which can suppress stray corrosion during spin electrochemical machining of rotating parts.

[0070] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during rotary electrochemical machining. The device includes: a base, a workpiece rotation system, a laser 8, a mounting displacement stage, an aiming system, and a control system. The workpiece rotation system, laser, mounting displacement stage, and aiming system are all connected to the control system. The workpiece rotation system is rotatably mounted on the base. The workpiece rotation system is used to mount the workpiece 5 to be engraved. The workpiece to be engraved is a cylindrical hollow structure, a conical hollow structure, or a combination of hollow structures. The combination hollow structure includes multiple structural units stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The structural units are cylindrical hollow structures or conical hollow structures. The mounting displacement stage is mounted on the base. The mounting displacement stage is used to mount the laser and the aiming system. The aiming system is used to align the engraving starting position. The control system is used to control the mounting displacement stage to move along a preset path to control the height and angle of the laser, as well as the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved. The control system is used to control the workpiece rotation system to rotate the workpiece to be engraved. The laser is used to complete the engraving process on the workpiece to be engraved.

[0073] The complex pattern shielding coating laser engraving device also includes a rangefinder 7; the rangefinder is connected to the control system; the rangefinder is used to obtain the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved; the control system is used to control the displacement stage to move along the direction close to or away from the workpiece to be engraved until the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved is equal to the focal length of the laser.

[0074] Specifically, the position and shape of the engraved shielding coating pattern strictly correspond to the position and shape of the non-machined boss on the workpiece. The pattern size is determined according to the forming rules of the boss in rotary electrolytic machining, and the pattern size is slightly larger than the size of the non-machined boss. The shielding layer pattern can protect the boss and the non-machined surface from stray current corrosion during rotary electrolytic machining. During the rotary electrolytic machining process, it rotates with the cathode along with the workpiece. The shielding layer pattern corresponds to the concave window of the rotary cathode. During the machining process, the shielding layer does not interfere with the feed cathode.

[0075] like Figure 3The displacement stage includes: a Y-axis slide rail, a first Z-axis slide rail, a Y-axis moving platform 3, a Z-axis moving platform 1, a tilting shaft 2, and a mounting platform. The Y-axis moving platform is slidably mounted on the base via the Y-axis slide rail. One end of the Y-axis slide rail is connected to the workpiece rotation system. The Z-axis moving platform is slidably mounted on the side of the Z-axis moving platform via the first Z-axis slide rail. The first Z-axis slide rail is perpendicular to the Y-axis slide rail. The mounting platform is located on the side of the Z-axis moving platform away from the first Z-axis slide rail. The mounting platform is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving platform via the tilting shaft. The mounting platform is used to mount a laser, an aiming system, and a rangefinder. The Y-axis moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide horizontally. The Z-axis moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide vertically. The tilting shaft is used to tilt the laser at a preset tilting angle so that the laser is parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure when the conical hollow structure is being shaped or shaped into a combined hollow structure.

[0076] Specifically, the mounting platform is a columnar structure; the laser is located at the bottom of the mounting platform; the aiming system is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail; when the aiming system slides to the bottom, the center of the aiming system coincides with the center of the laser; and the rangefinder is located on the mounting platform.

[0077] In addition, the aiming system includes a CCD vision lens 6 and a display; both the CCD vision lens and the display are connected to the control system; the CCD vision lens is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail; when the CCD vision lens slides to its lowest point, the center of the CCD vision lens coincides with the center of the laser; the display is used to show the visual information acquired by the CCD vision lens; the control system is used to control the CCD vision lens to slide upward when it receives an aiming completion signal; the aiming completion signal is issued by the operator when the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position on the workpiece to be engraved based on the visual information.

[0078] like Figure 2As shown, a precise rotary etching device for complex pattern coatings includes a workpiece rotation system, a Y-axis moving platform, a Z-axis moving platform, a laser deflection axis, an etching laser, a CCD vision lens, and a rangefinder. The workpiece rotation system drives the workpiece to rotate. The Y-axis moving platform moves the etching laser back and forth relative to the workpiece to adjust the distance between them. The Z-axis moving platform moves the etching laser up and down to stitch the etched patterns. The laser deflection axis deflects the etching laser at a certain angle relative to the workpiece axis for etching conical workpieces. The etching laser is used to etch the pattern, the rangefinder is used to locate the laser's focal length, and the CCD vision lens is used to identify the starting position of the etching pattern on the workpiece. The Z-axis moving platform is positioned above the Y-axis moving platform. The rangefinder identifies the distance between the etching laser and the workpiece; when the distance is the laser's focal length, the rangefinder indicator light illuminates. When adjusting the starting position of the CCD vision lens for laser marking, the center of the vision lens coincides with the center of the marking laser. After alignment, it can be pulled upwards to be outside the laser marking range. The laser deflection axis is placed on the Z-axis moving platform, and the deflection angle can be determined according to the taper of the tapered workpiece to make the marking laser parallel to the workpiece generatrix.

[0079] The crosshair at the center of the CCD vision lens is the center line of the laser marking pattern. To align the laser center with the workpiece marking position, simply adjust the crosshair center to match the laser marking position. The marked pattern position strictly corresponds to the non-machined boss position on the workpiece. The pattern size is determined based on the boss forming rules of rotary electrolytic machining, and the pattern size is slightly larger than the non-machined boss size. The shielding layer pattern protects the boss and non-machined surfaces from stray current corrosion during rotary electrolytic machining. During rotary electrolytic machining, it rotates with the workpiece and cathode, and the shielding layer pattern corresponds to the concave window of the rotary cathode. During processing, the shielding layer does not interfere with the feed cathode. Figure 1 As shown.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] This embodiment provides a etching method for a laser etching device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining. The method is applied to a laser etching device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining as described in Embodiment 1. The etching method includes:

[0082] Step 101: Determine the bottommost structural unit of the workpiece to be engraved as the current structural unit.

[0083] Step 102: Control the Y-direction moving platform to move along the horizontal direction with the laser until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser.

[0084] Step 103: Pull down the CCD vision lens laser. When the current structural unit is a conical hollow structure, deflect the laser at a preset deflection angle to make the laser parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure. When the current structural unit is a cylindrical hollow structure, deflect the laser at a preset deflection angle to make the laser parallel to the cylindrical hollow structure.

[0085] Step 104: Upon receiving the aiming completion signal, control the CCD vision lens to slide upwards so that the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position of the current structural unit.

[0086] Step 105: Based on the drawing pattern, obtain the image to be drawn on the side surface of the current structural unit.

[0087] Step 106: According to the single-stroke pattern height of the laser, the image to be drawn on the side surface is cropped along the width of the image to be drawn on the side surface to obtain a single-cycle image sequence.

[0088] Step 107: Let the iteration cycle number i = 1.

[0089] Step 108: Determine the i-th weekly image to be drawn as the current weekly image to be drawn.

[0090] Step 109: Divide and crop the current week's image to be drawn into equal parts to obtain a sequence of unit images to be drawn.

[0091] Step 1010: Determine the ratio of 360 degrees to the number of elements in the cell image sequence to be drawn as the current rotation angle.

[0092] Step 1011: Let the number of iteration units n = 1.

[0093] Step 1012: Determine the image to be drawn in the nth cell as the image to be drawn in the current cell.

[0094] Step 1013: Control the laser to engrave the image to be drawn in the current cell at the marked position.

[0095] Step 1014: Control the workpiece rotation system to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle to update the annotation position, increase the value of the iteration unit number n by 1 and return to step 1012 until the sequence of images to be drawn in the unit is traversed to complete the single-circle engraving.

[0096] Step 1015: Control the workpiece rotation system to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle, and control the Z-direction moving platform to move up by a distance equal to the width of the current single-cycle image to be drawn, in order to update the annotation position, increment the value of iteration cycle i by 1, and return to step 108 until the sequence of single-cycle images to be drawn is traversed.

[0097] Step 1016: determining the previous structural unit of the current structural unit as the current structural unit, and returning to step 102 until all structural units are traversed, and the engraving of the workpiece to be engraved is completed.

[0098] An engraving method for a laser engraving device with a complex pattern shielding coating, comprising the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: mounting the revolving body coated workpiece onto the workpiece rotation system, and calibrating the coaxiality of the workpiece and the workpiece rotation system.

[0100] Step 2: determining the yaw angle of the yaw axis according to the taper of the workpiece, so that the engraving laser is parallel to the conical surface of the workpiece.

[0101] Step 3: moving the Y-axis moving platform to adjust the distance between the engraving laser and the workpiece, when the indicator light of the distance measuring device is on, the measured distance is the laser engraving distance.

[0102] Step 4: determining the engraving starting position: a display connected to the vision lens displays the relative position between the engraving center and the workpiece in real time, adjusting the Z-direction moving platform to make the engraving center of the engraving laser coincide with the center of the engraving position of the workpiece.

[0103] Step 5: determining the shape and size of the coating on the blank workpiece according to the shape and size of each boss of the workpiece, and drawing a three-dimensional model of the engraving pattern on the workpiece surface, as Figure 3 shown.

[0104] Step 6: expanding the three-dimensional model along the circumference into a two-dimensional rectangle A, as Figure 4 shown; the length L of the rectangle is equal to the perimeter of the revolving workpiece, and the height of the rectangle is equal to the height H of the revolving workpiece.

[0105] Step 7: splitting the two-dimensional graphic according to the single engraving height h allowed by the engraving laser, if i<H / h≤i+1, then splitting the two-dimensional graphic in the height direction into i+1 parts, the height of the first i parts is h, and the height of the i+1-th part is (H-i×h), as Figure 5 shown.

[0106] Step 8: discretizing the i+1 split engraving patterns respectively along the circumferential direction, and dividing them equally into n parts, as Figure 7 shown, n is determined by the diameter of the workpiece. The pattern on the workpiece surface is composed of n rectangles B of the same size, the width of each rectangle is equal to L / n, and the height is equal to h (the height of the i+1-th pattern is H-i×h), as Figures 8-9 shown is a single small rectangle B; filling the interior of the rectangle A with straight lines, the number of straight lines is a multiple of n, ensuring that the number of straight lines in each small rectangle B is equal. The part to be removed by laser is filled with straight lines, and the pattern to be retained is not filled, then the engraving laser will perform engraving along the straight lines, as Figure 6As shown.

[0107] Step 9: Determine the synchronous rotation angle of the rotary motor. Based on the width of the small rectangle divided in Step 7, determine the angle of each electrode rotation θ = 360° / n. That is, for every θ rotation of the workpiece driven by the motor, the etching laser will etch a pattern within a small rectangular area.

[0108] Step 10: Determine laser engraving parameters: Determine the laser engraving parameters based on the coating thickness, including laser engraving speed, laser power, and the number of engraving passes at the same position. The optimal engraving parameters are those that remove the coating from the workpiece surface just enough to leave no residue without damaging the workpiece.

[0109] Step 11: The host computer controls the motor and the laser to achieve the linkage between workpiece rotation and laser marking; the host computer controls the rotating motor to rotate by an angle θ, the laser marks once, the marking ends, the host computer receives the end signal and proceeds to the next marking at angle θ, and so on to complete the laser marking of the entire circumference.

[0110] Step 12: Achieve pattern stitching and engraving on the high workpiece: The maximum axial processing distance h of the engraving laser is used. After processing one revolution, the workpiece is moved along the axial direction by h to perform the second stage of pattern engraving. The engraving process of the entire workpiece is completed in sequence.

[0111] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0112] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, characterized in that, include: Base, workpiece rotation system, laser, mounting displacement stage, aiming system and control system; The workpiece rotation system, the laser, the mounting displacement stage, and the aiming system are all connected to the control system; The workpiece rotation system is rotatably mounted on the base; the workpiece rotation system is used to carry the workpiece to be engraved; the workpiece to be engraved is a cylindrical hollow structure, or a conical hollow structure, or a combination of hollow structures; the combination of hollow structures includes multiple structural units stacked sequentially from top to bottom; the structural units are cylindrical hollow structures or conical hollow structures; The mounting displacement stage is disposed on the base; the mounting displacement stage is used to mount the laser and the aiming system; The aiming system is used to align the starting position of the engraving pattern; The control system is used to control the displacement stage to move along a preset path, so as to control the height and angle of the laser, as well as the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved. The control system is used to control the workpiece rotation system to rotate the workpiece to be engraved. The laser is used to complete the engraving process on the workpiece to be engraved; The control system is used for: Determine the bottommost structural unit of the workpiece to be engraved as the current structural unit; The platform, equipped with a laser, is controlled to move horizontally along the Y-direction until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser. Pull down the CCD vision lens. When the current structural unit is a conical hollow structure, control the displacement stage to deflect the laser by a preset deflection angle so that the laser is parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure. When the current structural unit is a cylindrical hollow structure, control the displacement stage to deflect the laser by a preset deflection angle so that the laser is parallel to the cylindrical hollow structure. Upon receiving the aiming completion signal, the CCD vision lens is controlled to slide upwards, so that the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position of the current structural unit; Based on the drawing pattern, obtain the image to be drawn on the side surface of the current structural unit; The image to be drawn on the side surface is cropped according to the width of the image to be drawn on the side surface along the single marking height of the laser to obtain a single-circle image sequence; Let the iteration cycle number i = 1; Determine the i-th image to be drawn in a single week as the image to be drawn in the current single week; The images to be drawn in the current week are evenly divided and cropped to obtain a sequence of unit images to be drawn. The ratio of 360 degrees to the number of elements in the image sequence to be drawn is determined as the current rotation angle; Let the number of iteration units n=1; Determine the image to be drawn in the nth cell as the image to be drawn in the current cell; The laser is controlled to engrave the image to be drawn in the current unit at the marked position; The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle to update the annotation position, the value of the iteration unit number n is increased by 1 and the process returns to the step "determine the nth unit to be drawn image as the current unit to be drawn image" until the sequence of unit to be drawn images is traversed to complete the single-circle engraving. The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle, and the Z-direction moving platform is controlled to move upward by a distance equal to the width of the current single-cycle image to be drawn, so as to update the annotation position, increment the value of the iteration cycle number i by 1, and return to the step "determine the i-th single-cycle image to be drawn as the current single-cycle image to be drawn" until the sequence of single-cycle images to be drawn is traversed. Determine the previous structural unit as the current structural unit, and return to the step "Control the Y-direction moving platform to move the laser along the horizontal direction until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser" until all structural units are traversed to complete the engraving of the workpiece to be engraved.

2. The laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The device also includes a rangefinder; The rangefinder is connected to the control system; The rangefinder is used to obtain the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved; The control system is used to control the displacement stage to move along a direction close to or away from the workpiece to be engraved until the distance between the laser and the workpiece to be engraved is equal to the focal length of the laser.

3. The laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The mounting displacement stage includes: a Y-axis slide rail, a first Z-axis slide rail, a Y-axis moving platform, a Z-axis moving platform, a yaw shaft, and a mounting stage; The Y-direction moving platform is slidably mounted on the base via the Y-direction slide rail; one end of the Y-direction slide rail is connected to the workpiece rotation system. The Z-direction moving platform is slidably disposed on the side of the Z-direction moving platform via the first Z-direction slide rail; the first Z-direction slide rail is perpendicular to the Y-direction slide rail; The mounting platform is disposed on the side of the Z-direction moving platform away from the first Z-direction slide rail; the mounting platform is rotatably connected to the Z-direction moving platform via the yaw shaft; The mounting platform is used to mount the laser, the aiming system, and the rangefinder; The Y-direction moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide horizontally; The Z-direction moving platform is used to make the mounting platform slide vertically. The yaw shaft is used to mount the laser and yaw it at a preset yaw angle when sculpting a conical hollow structure or sculpting a conical hollow structure in a combined hollow structure, so that the laser is parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure.

4. The laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The mounting platform has a columnar structure; The laser is disposed at the bottom end of the mounting platform; The aiming system is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail; When the aiming system is slid to its lowest position, the center of the aiming system coincides with the center of the laser. The rangefinder is mounted on the platform.

5. The laser engraving device for complex pattern shielding coatings used to suppress stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The aiming system includes a CCD vision lens and a display; Both the CCD vision lens and the display are connected to the control system. The CCD vision lens is slidably connected to the mounting platform via a second Z-axis slide rail; When the CCD vision lens is slid to the bottom, the center of the CCD vision lens coincides with the center of the laser. The display is used to display the visual information acquired by the CCD vision lens; The control system is used to control the CCD vision lens to slide upward when it receives the aiming completion signal; The aiming completion signal is emitted by the operator when the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position on the workpiece based on visual information.

6. A method for laser engraving a complex pattern shielding coating for suppressing stray corrosion during spin-printing electrolytic machining, characterized in that, The method is applied to a laser engraving device for suppressing stray corrosion in complex pattern shielding coatings during spin-printing electrolytic machining, as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the engraving method includes: Determine the bottommost structural unit of the workpiece to be engraved as the current structural unit; The platform, equipped with a laser, is controlled to move horizontally along the Y-direction until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser. Pull down the CCD vision lens. When the current structural unit is a conical hollow structure, control the displacement stage to deflect the laser by a preset deflection angle so that the laser is parallel to the generatrix of the conical hollow structure. When the current structural unit is a cylindrical hollow structure, control the displacement stage to deflect the laser by a preset deflection angle so that the laser is parallel to the cylindrical hollow structure. Upon receiving the aiming completion signal, the CCD vision lens is controlled to slide upwards, so that the center of the laser is aligned with the marked position of the current structural unit; Based on the drawing pattern, obtain the image to be drawn on the side surface of the current structural unit; The image to be drawn on the side surface is cropped according to the width of the image to be drawn on the side surface along the single marking height of the laser to obtain a single-circle image sequence; Let the iteration cycle number i = 1; Determine the i-th image to be drawn in a single week as the image to be drawn in the current single week; The images to be drawn in the current week are evenly divided and cropped to obtain a sequence of unit images to be drawn. The ratio of 360 degrees to the number of elements in the image sequence to be drawn is determined as the current rotation angle; Let the number of iteration units n=1; Determine the image to be drawn in the nth cell as the image to be drawn in the current cell; The laser is controlled to engrave the image to be drawn in the current unit at the marked position; The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle to update the annotation position, the value of the iteration unit number n is increased by 1 and the process returns to the step "determine the nth unit to be drawn image as the current unit to be drawn image" until the sequence of unit to be drawn images is traversed to complete the single-circle engraving. The workpiece rotation system is controlled to rotate clockwise by the current rotation angle, and the Z-direction moving platform is controlled to move upward by a distance equal to the width of the current single-cycle image to be drawn, so as to update the annotation position, increment the value of the iteration cycle number i by 1, and return to the step "determine the i-th single-cycle image to be drawn as the current single-cycle image to be drawn" until the sequence of single-cycle images to be drawn is traversed. Determine the previous structural unit as the current structural unit, and return to the step "Control the Y-direction moving platform to move the laser along the horizontal direction until the distance between the laser and the current structural unit is equal to the focal length of the laser" until all structural units are traversed to complete the engraving of the workpiece to be engraved.

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