An excavating device and an engineering vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a digging device, comprising a fixedly installed rotating assembly, the rotating assembly having a transverse plane degree of motion; a driving assembly, one end of which is movably connected with the rotating assembly, and the other end of which is rotatably connected with a bucket, the driving assembly driving the bucket to move in a longitudinal plane; a self-locking assembly, the self-locking assembly comprising at least one Y-shaped male buckle arranged in rotation and a positioning pin elastically arranged at a side of the Y-shaped male buckle, the driving assembly moving the Y-shaped male buckle to elastically release the positioning pin from limiting the Y-shaped male buckle; in the application, the Y-shaped male buckle arranged in rotation and the positioning pin elastically arranged at the side of the Y-shaped male buckle are designed, the driving assembly drives the Y-shaped male buckle to rotate when moving until reaching a limit position, the positioning pin elastically releases the Y-shaped male buckle from limiting, at this time, the position of the Y-shaped male buckle is limited, finally, the driving assembly and the bucket are locked, the self-locking of the digging device is realized, and the quick switching of working modes and the closed cabin operation can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering operation equipment technology, and in particular to an excavating device and an engineering vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Excavating devices are commonly used working devices in earthmoving machinery, and their excellent operational performance greatly saves manpower and resources. With the rapid development of science and technology, people have placed higher demands on reliability, operational efficiency, and operating range; however, improvements in operational performance often lead to increased production costs. Solving these problems through technological means will greatly promote product optimization and upgrading.

[0003] From the perspective of the working environment, excavators mainly engage in earthmoving and demolition work, surrounded by sharp objects. To ensure smooth production, higher requirements are placed on the protection of hydraulic and electrical pipelines. In addition, expanding the working area by moving vehicles would severely restrict work efficiency. Therefore, enabling large-scale operations is particularly important for improving work efficiency.

[0004] The high-speed excavator produced by Guizhou Zhanyang Machinery Industry Co., Ltd. features a low center of gravity when folded, improving overall stability and visibility, and offering a large working range. However, it lacks a self-locking device and has weak pipeline protection. Zhang Xinsu designed a four-section boom excavator with greater freedom of movement, allowing operation in narrow spaces such as roadsides, narrow passages, and corners. However, the working device lacks a self-locking device, and pipeline protection is weak. Qingzhou Shenwa Machinery Co., Ltd. designed a three-section boom excavator / loader with a simple structure, a large bucket range of motion, and wide applicability. However, the working device lacks a self-locking device, and pipeline protection is weak. Sichuan Bangli Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. designed a three-section boom grabber that expands the grabbing range and increases grabbing height and depth. Its structure is simple and practical, with minimal additional power consumption. However, it requires the use of excavating implements and is not convenient for quickly switching operating modes. Jiangsu Tianmei Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd. has designed a rotatable three-section boom structure that enables direct excavation and cutting operations on objects at an angle to the ground and on the roof of coal mine roadways. It is particularly suitable for working environments with inclined sides, such as coal mine roadways. However, the working device lacks a self-locking device and has weak pipeline protection capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an excavating device and an engineering vehicle to solve the problems of existing excavating devices lacking self-locking capability and being unable to quickly switch working modes.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Firstly, an excavating device, comprising...

[0008] A fixedly installed rotary assembly, the rotary assembly having a degree of motion in the lateral plane;

[0009] A drive assembly, one end of which is movably connected to the rotary assembly, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the bucket, the drive assembly drives the bucket to move in a longitudinal plane;

[0010] The self-locking assembly includes at least one rotatably disposed Y-shaped male buckle and a positioning pin elastically arranged on the side of the Y-shaped male buckle. The driving assembly moves to actuate the Y-shaped male buckle so that the positioning pin elastically releases and limits the Y-shaped male buckle.

[0011] In a further embodiment of this application, the slewing assembly includes a slewing bearing fixedly mounted on a base plate, a slewing platform fixedly mounted on the slewing bearing, and one end of the drive assembly rotatably connected to the slewing platform.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the drive assembly includes multiple booms connected in sequence, with hydraulic cylinders connecting adjacent booms. One boom is rotatably connected to the slewing platform, and a lower boom cylinder is connected between the boom body and the slewing platform on one side. The other boom is rotatably connected to the bucket, and a bucket cylinder is rotatably connected between the bucket and the other boom.

[0013] A further embodiment of this application also includes a gripper assembly;

[0014] The gripper assembly includes a gripper cylinder and a gripper. One end of the gripper is rotatably connected to the drive assembly, and both ends of the gripper cylinder are rotatably connected to the gripper and the drive assembly, respectively.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the self-locking assembly also includes a base and a female buckle. The female buckle is fixed to the drive assembly, and the base is fixed to the bottom plate. At least one pair of side plates are vertically fixed on the base. A hinge shaft is rotatably mounted between the two side plates. The Y-shaped male buckle is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft. A torsion spring is provided between the Y-shaped male buckle and the two side plates. A guide sleeve is fixed to one side plate. The positioning pin is elastically installed in the guide sleeve by a compression spring. A connecting rod is fixed to the Y-shaped male buckle. The drive assembly acts on the connecting rod, and the positioning pin moves through the side plate and is positioned in the positioning hole of the Y-shaped male buckle.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the side plates are provided in two pairs, and the two pairs of side plates are fixed parallel and perpendicular to the base surface. The Y-shaped male buckle is rotatably connected between the two side plates, the positioning pin is correspondingly provided on the outer side plate, and the connecting rod is fixed between the two Y-shaped male buckles.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the guide sleeve has an axially formed groove, and a traction rope for connecting the positioning pin is provided in the groove.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the two guide sleeves and the two positioning pins are symmetrically arranged on the corresponding side plates.

[0019] Secondly, an engineering vehicle is characterized by comprising an engineering vehicle chassis on which the aforementioned excavation device is mounted.

[0020] The engineering vehicle chassis is equipped with a chassis suspension system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0022] This application designs a Y-shaped male buckle with a slewing mechanism and a positioning pin elastically arranged on the side of the Y-shaped male buckle. When the drive component moves, it drives the Y-shaped male buckle to rotate until it reaches the limit position. The positioning pin elastically releases and limits the Y-shaped male buckle. At this time, the position of the Y-shaped male buckle is limited, which ultimately causes the drive component and the bucket to be locked, realizing the self-locking of the excavating device. It can realize quick switching of working mode and closed-cell operation.

[0023] In addition, the device is equipped with a gripper assembly. The gripper cylinder drives the gripper to move and cooperate with the bucket to achieve clamping operation. This makes the excavating device not only have digging function, but also clamping ability, which increases the versatility of the excavating device and enhances its performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking process of the excavating device in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial structural exploded view of the driving component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working range and motion trajectory of an embodiment of this application.

[0029] The components include: 1. Slewing bearing; 2. Slewing platform; 3. Lower boom; 4. Upper boom; 5. Stick; 6. Rocker arm; 7. Linkage; 8. Bucket; 9. Gripper; 10. Lower boom cylinder; 11. Upper boom cylinder; 12. Stick cylinder; 13. Bucket cylinder; 14. Gripper cylinder; 15. Locking assembly; 16. Engineering vehicle chassis; 17. Female fastener; 18. Angle sensor; 19. Inspection port; 20. Hydraulic and electrical pipelines; 21. Pipeline channel; 151. Base; 152. Connecting rod; 153. Torsion spring; 154. Traction rope; 155. Compression spring; 156. Guide sleeve; 157. Y-shaped male fastener; 158. Positioning pin; 159. Hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use.

[0031] Reference Appendix Figure 1 One embodiment of this application discloses a digging device, which includes a fixedly installed rotary assembly, a drive assembly, and a self-locking assembly. The rotary assembly has a degree of movement in the transverse plane (X, Y plane). One end of the drive assembly is movably connected to the rotary assembly, and the other end is rotatably connected to a bucket 8. The drive assembly drives the bucket 8 to move in the longitudinal plane (Z, Y plane). The rotary assembly drives the entire drive assembly to rotate in the transverse plane. The drive assembly and the rotary assembly enable the bucket 8 to perform digging work in multiple positions. The self-locking assembly 15 includes at least one rotatably configured Y-shaped male buckle 157 and a positioning pin 158 elastically arranged on the side of the Y-shaped male buckle 157. The drive assembly moves to act on the Y-shaped male buckle 157, so that the positioning pin 158 elastically releases and limits the Y-shaped male buckle 157.

[0032] In use, the drive assembly moves the bucket 8 downward, contacts the Y-shaped male buckle 157 and drives the Y-shaped male buckle 157 to rotate until the positioning pin 158 releases and restricts the position of the Y-shaped male buckle 157. At this time, the position of the Y-shaped male buckle 157 is firmly locked, and the limiting structure on the drive assembly is limited by the buckle groove area of ​​the Y-shaped male buckle 157, realizing the self-locking of the excavating device.

[0033] The structure of this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the relevant accompanying drawings and in conjunction with practical applications;

[0034] Continue to observe the appendix Figure 1In this embodiment, the slewing assembly includes a slewing bearing 1 fixedly mounted on a base plate (omitted in the figure), a slewing platform 2 fixedly mounted on the slewing bearing 1, and a drive assembly rotatably connected to the slewing platform 2 at one end. The slewing bearing 1 is a mature existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail. A single-row cross roller type can be used here.

[0035] The drive assembly in this embodiment is composed of multiple booms and cylinders, specifically a lower boom 3, an upper boom 4, a stick 5, a rocker arm 6, a connecting rod 7, a lower boom cylinder 10, an upper boom cylinder 11, a stick cylinder 12, and a bucket cylinder 13.

[0036] First, the lower boom 3, upper boom 4, and stick 5 are connected sequentially via a pivot shaft. The other end of the lower boom 3 is rotatably connected to the slewing platform 2. The cylinder body of the lower boom cylinder 10 is rotatably connected to the slewing platform 2, and the hydraulic shaft of the lower boom cylinder 10 is rotatably connected to the lower boom 3. The cylinder body of the upper boom cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the lower boom 3, and the hydraulic shaft of the upper boom cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the upper boom 4. The cylinder body of the stick cylinder 12 is rotatably connected to the upper boom 4, and the output shaft of the stick cylinder 12 is rotatably connected to the stick 5. The cylinder body of the bucket cylinder 13 is rotatably connected to the stick 5. A connecting rod 7 is rotatably connected between the output shaft of the bucket cylinder 13 and the bucket 8, and the bucket 8 is also rotatably connected to the stick 5. The two ends of the rocker arm 6 are rotatably connected to the output shaft of the stick 5 and the bucket cylinder 13, and the rotatable connection point of the connecting rod 7, respectively. All of the above rotatable connections can be achieved using a pivot shaft.

[0037] Pipeline channels 21 are installed inside the excavating device, utilizing the structural strength to protect the hydraulic and electrical pipelines, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown, each boom section is structurally designed with pipeline channels 21 and devices for fixing the pipelines. Inspection ports 19 are provided on the boom body for easy disassembly and maintenance of pipelines. The hinges between the lower boom 3 and the upper boom 4, and between the upper boom 4 and the stick 5, are both double-fork structures. That is, the double-handle structure of one boom section and the double-fork structure of the other boom section are hinged together, providing passage and movement space for the pipelines and ensuring the stability and rotational freedom of the structural components. At the same time, this reduces the overall length of the hinge shaft, facilitating assembly and maintenance. After the entire boom is connected, a channel is formed inside, running through the entire excavating device. Hydraulic and electrical pipelines 20 are laid within this channel, protected from damage by sharp obstacles, improving the reliability of the excavating device in harsh working conditions. In addition, angle sensors 18 are arranged at the hinges of two boom sections, such as the hinge between the lower boom 3 and the upper boom 4, to monitor the status of the excavating device.

[0038] Reference Appendix Figure 1 and 2The self-locking structure in this embodiment includes a base 151, two female buckles 17, two positioning pins 158, and two Y-shaped male buckles 157. The base 151 is fixed to a base plate (not shown in the figure). Two pairs of side plates are vertically and parallelly welded to the base 151. A hinge shaft 159 is rotatably installed between the corresponding two side plates. Each Y-shaped male buckle 157 is rotatably connected to the corresponding hinge shaft 159. The two ends of the hinge shaft 159 are rotatably connected to adjacent side plates. The Y-shaped male buckle 157 and the corresponding two side plates... A torsion spring 153 is provided between them, and a guide sleeve 156 is fixed on the outer side plate. A positioning pin 158 is elastically installed in the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve 156 through a compression spring 155. A connecting rod 152 is fixed between the two Y-shaped male buckles 157. The female buckle 17 is fixed on both sides of the stick 5 in the drive assembly. When the stick 5 moves down, it actuates the connecting rod 152. The positioning pin 158 moves through the side plate and is placed in the positioning hole of the Y-shaped male buckle 157. At this time, the female buckle 17 is restricted in the buckle groove of the Y-shaped male buckle 157.

[0039] Preferably, the two guide sleeves 156 and the two positioning pins 159 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side plate, which makes the whole device more aesthetically pleasing and facilitates the uniform manufacturing of the device.

[0040] Continue to observe the appendix Figure 2 To facilitate unlocking the Y-shaped male buckle 157, a slot is axially formed on the guide sleeve 156. A traction rope 154, connecting to the positioning pin 158, is installed within the slot. If necessary, a limiting rod is welded to the positioning pin 158, extending beyond the slot to prevent the traction rope 154 from contacting the edge of the slot and reducing wear on the traction rope 154. For unlocking, the operator pulls out the positioning pin 158 using the traction rope 154, or alternatively, a drive element such as a motor, electric cylinder, or hydraulic cylinder can be used to pull out the positioning pin 158. Under the action of the torsion spring 153, the Y-shaped male buckle 157 disengages from the female buckle 17, completing the unlocking process. This allows for rapid switching of working modes and cabin closure operations.

[0041] To increase the versatility of the device, a gripper assembly is also added. The gripper assembly includes a gripper cylinder 14 and a gripper 9. One end of the gripper 9 is rotatably connected to the drive assembly, and the two ends of the gripper cylinder 14 are rotatably connected to the gripper 9 and the stick 5, respectively. The relative movement of the movable gripper 9 and the bucket 8 realizes the gripping function.

[0042] In some embodiments, an engineering vehicle is provided, which includes an engineering vehicle chassis 16. The excavation device of the above embodiment is installed on the engineering vehicle chassis 16. The slewing bearing 1 can be directly installed on the top surface of the engineering vehicle chassis 16. Similarly, the base 151 can also be directly fixed on the top surface of the engineering vehicle chassis 16. The slewing bearing 1 and the base 151 are spaced apart.

[0043] To enhance the vibration resistance of the engineering vehicle, a chassis suspension system is added to the engineering vehicle chassis 16 to reduce the impact of vibration sources such as bumpy roads on the excavation device.

[0044] In practical use, the excavating device has a flexible structure and a large operating range, thus possessing strong operational capabilities, such as... Figure 5 As shown. With the boom at its maximum elevation angle at point 3, the three hinges of the lower boom, the four hinges of the upper boom, the five hinges of the stick, and the end hinge are aligned in a straight line, and the bucket is at its maximum elevation angle at point 8, achieving the maximum digging height h1;

[0045] Starting from the maximum digging height, the bucket 8 rotates around its hinge point with the stick 5 until the line connecting the front end of the bucket 8 cutting edge and the end hinge of the stick 5 is perpendicular to the ground, thus achieving the maximum unloading height h2.

[0046] Starting from the maximum digging height, with the lower boom at its three maximum depression angles, the upper boom's four hinges, the stick's five hinges and end hinge, and the bucket's eight cutting edge tip aligned in a straight line, with the cutting edge tip touching the ground, achieving the maximum ground digging radius R. max ;

[0047] Starting from the maximum ground digging radius, with the lower boom 3 at its maximum depression angle, the upper boom 4 rotates around its hinge point with the lower boom 3 to its maximum turning angle. The three points connecting the boom 5 hinges and end hinges, and the cutting edge of the bucket 8, form a straight line perpendicular to the ground, achieving the maximum digging depth h3. All cylinders are displacement cylinders, capable of real-time monitoring of the angle between the two boom sections, ensuring precise operation, achieving automated control, and improving the overall machine efficiency.

[0048] When the boom 5 is in use, when it is close to the top of the chassis 16 of the engineering vehicle, it will descend to a certain height and contact the connecting rod 152, forcing the Y-shaped male buckle 157 to rotate around its hinge axis 159. During the rotation, the Y-shaped male buckle 157 gradually locks with the female buckle 17. After rotating to a fixed position, the positioning pin 158 is inserted into the positioning hole of the Y-shaped male buckle along the guide sleeve under the action of the compression spring 155, thereby fixing the state of the Y-shaped male buckle.

[0049] This application discloses an excavating device and an engineering vehicle. A self-locking assembly securely locks the excavating device to the chassis 16 of the engineering vehicle, fully utilizing the shock absorption function of the chassis suspension system to reduce the impact on the excavating device and enabling rapid switching of working modes, thus improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the structural components themselves protect the hydraulic and electrical pipelines 20, enhancing operational reliability. The high flexibility of the structural components and the increased working range significantly enhance the overall machine's operational capabilities.

[0050] As is known from common technical knowledge, this application can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this application or equivalent to this application are included in this application.

Claims

1. A digging device, characterized in that, include A fixedly installed rotary assembly, the rotary assembly having a degree of motion in the lateral plane; A drive assembly, one end of which is movably connected to the rotary assembly, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the bucket (8), the drive assembly drives the bucket (8) to move in the longitudinal plane; The self-locking assembly (15) includes at least one rotatably disposed Y-shaped male buckle (157) and a positioning pin (158) elastically arranged on the side of the Y-shaped male buckle (157). The driving assembly moves to act on the Y-shaped male buckle (157) so that the positioning pin (158) elastically releases and limits the Y-shaped male buckle (157). The slewing assembly includes a slewing bearing (1) fixedly mounted on the base plate, a slewing platform (2) fixed on the slewing bearing (1), and one end of the drive assembly is rotatably connected to the slewing platform (2). The self-locking assembly (15) also includes a base (151) and a female buckle (17). The female buckle (17) is fixed on the drive assembly. The base (151) is fixed on the base plate. At least one pair of side plates are vertically fixed on the base. A hinge shaft (159) is rotatably installed between the two side plates. The Y-shaped male buckle (157) is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft (159). A torsion spring (153) is provided between the Y-shaped male buckle (157) and the two side plates. A guide sleeve (156) is fixed on one side plate. The positioning pin (158) is elastically installed in the guide sleeve (156) by a compression spring (155). A connecting rod (152) is fixed on the Y-shaped male buckle (157). The drive assembly acts on the connecting rod (152). The positioning pin (158) moves through the side plate and is placed in the positioning hole of the Y-shaped male buckle (157).

2. The excavating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes multiple booms connected in sequence, with hydraulic cylinders connected between adjacent booms. One boom is rotatably connected to the slewing platform (2), and a lower boom cylinder (10) is connected between the boom body and the slewing platform (2) on one side. The bucket (8) is rotatably connected to the boom on the other side, and a bucket cylinder (13) is rotatably connected between the bucket (8) and the boom on the other side.

3. The excavating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes gripper components; The gripper assembly includes a gripper cylinder (14) and a gripper (9). One end of the gripper (9) is rotatably connected to the drive assembly, and both ends of the gripper cylinder (14) are rotatably connected to the gripper (9) and the drive assembly, respectively.

4. The excavating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side plate is provided in two pairs, and the two pairs of side plates are fixed parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the base (151). The Y-shaped male buckle (157) is rotatably connected between the two side plates. The positioning pin (158) is provided on the outer side plate. The connecting rod (152) is fixed between the two Y-shaped male buckles (157).

5. The excavating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide sleeve (156) has an axially formed groove, and a traction rope (154) for connecting the positioning pin (158) is provided in the groove.

6. The excavating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two guide sleeves (156) and the two positioning pins (158) are symmetrically arranged on the corresponding side plates.

7. An engineering vehicle, characterized in that, It includes an engineering vehicle chassis (16), on which the excavation device of any one of claims 1 to 6 is installed.

8. An engineering vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The engineering vehicle chassis (16) is equipped with a chassis suspension system.

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