A column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig and its adjustment method

Abstract

This invention provides a column-mounted pneumatic drill and its adjustment method. The column-mounted pneumatic drill includes: a column, a drilling mechanism, a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism, an auxiliary adjustment mechanism, a support mechanism, and a control device. The control device controls the first and second adjustment mechanisms to adjust the drilling mechanism and controls the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to adaptively adjust the drilling mechanism. The control device is also connected to a processor. According to this invention, the first adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the drilling mechanism in the height direction of the column, the second adjustment mechanism adjusts the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism assists in the adjustment of the entire column-mounted pneumatic drill, and the support mechanism provides stable support for the column above the auxiliary adjustment mechanism. By coordinating the various components, adjustments are made according to different adjustment methods to achieve the target value as needed. This allows for real-time adjustment based on the drilling position, improving the adjustment efficiency during the adjustment process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic drilling rig technology, specifically to a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumatic column-mounted drilling rigs offer advantages such as safety and explosion-proof design, high torque, high speed, small size, light weight, simple structure, and easy assembly and disassembly. The main unit of the pneumatic column-mounted drilling rig has forward and reverse rotation functions, allowing for easy drilling and tool ejection. The rig's feed utilizes an independent motor, providing high feed force and a low failure rate. By controlling the air intake, the rotation speed and feed speed can be adjusted. This series of drilling rigs can be used with high-efficiency spiral drill rods and geological drill rods, and is widely used in drilling operations for coal mine water exploration, water injection, gas exploration and drainage, pressure relief holes, and roadway side anchor bolt holes.

[0003] Chinese patent (publication number CN216446859U) discloses a column-mounted pneumatic drill with strong impact capability, including a base. The base has a storage groove at its bottom, and a pair of vertical cylinders are fixedly connected to its top. An anti-slip mechanism is installed within the storage groove. A sleeve is fitted over the cylinder body, with a bolt threaded onto the bottom front end of the sleeve and a connecting block fixedly connected to its top front end. Several positioning grooves that mate with the bolts are formed on the surface of the vertical cylinder. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting block, and a sliding groove is formed on the top surface of the guide rail, within which a pneumatic drilling mechanism is installed. The connecting block, along with the guide rail, can slide up and down along the cylinder body via the sleeve. The end of the bolt can be screwed into the corresponding positioning groove. The height of the guide rail can be adjusted as needed through the interaction between the bolt and the positioning groove to allow drilling operations on construction surfaces of different heights. However, the adjustment efficiency is low, and it cannot adjust according to the drilling position. Therefore, this invention proposes a column-mounted pneumatic drill and its adjustment method to improve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing pneumatic drilling machine in that the adjustment efficiency is low and it cannot be adjusted according to the drilling position, so as to provide a column-mounted pneumatic drilling machine and its adjustment method.

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, comprising:

[0006] A column, which is vertically arranged to form a support foundation for the column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig;

[0007] A drilling mechanism is mounted on the column and movably connected to the column;

[0008] A first adjustment mechanism is disposed on the column and connected to the drilling mechanism to adjust the height position of the drilling mechanism on the column.

[0009] A second adjustment mechanism is disposed between the column and the drilling mechanism to adjust the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column;

[0010] An auxiliary adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the column body. The auxiliary adjustment mechanism performs auxiliary adjustment to adapt to the drilling process.

[0011] A support mechanism is provided below the auxiliary adjustment structure to provide stable support for the column above the auxiliary adjustment mechanism;

[0012] A control device is connected to the drilling mechanism, the first adjustment mechanism, the second adjustment mechanism, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, and the support mechanism. The control device controls the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism to adjust the drilling mechanism, and controls the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to make adaptive adjustments to the drilling mechanism. The control device is also connected to a processor.

[0013] Preferably, the first adjusting mechanism includes: a guide strip, a sliding sleeve, and a U-shaped sleeve. The guide strip is disposed on the column along the height direction of the column. The U-shaped sleeve is slidably connected to the guide strip. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the column. The two ends of the sliding sleeve are respectively connected to the two vertical sides of the U-shaped sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the guide strip has a plurality of slots evenly arranged near the U-shaped sleeve, the U-shaped sleeve has a fixing post, both ends of the fixing post pass through the U-shaped sleeve, the outer side of the fixing post has a retaining edge, the fixing post is connected to the U-shaped sleeve through the retaining edge, the fixing post has a sliding hole, the fixing post has a locking block adapted to the sliding hole, the locking block is slidably connected to the fixing post, the end of the locking block near the guide strip engages with the slot, and the end of the locking block near the guide strip has an inclined surface.

[0015] Preferably, the card block is provided with a limiting hole, a limiting block is provided in the limiting hole, the limiting block is slidably connected to the limiting hole, both ends of the limiting block pass through both ends of the limiting hole and are connected to the sliding hole, and a spring is provided between the side of the limiting block away from the guide strip and the limiting hole;

[0016] The end of the locking block away from the guide strip extends out of the sliding hole, and a U-shaped block is provided at the end of the locking block away from the guide strip. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped block are rotatably connected to the locking block through a damping shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the drilling mechanism includes a connecting plate, the center of which is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve. A base plate is vertically disposed at the center of the side of the connecting plate away from the sliding sleeve. A pair of guide rails are disposed on the base plate, and a sliding seat is also disposed on the base plate. A pair of grooves adapted to the guide rails are disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the base plate through the grooves and the guide rails. A support is disposed at one end of the base plate. A pneumatic motor is disposed on the sliding seat. The pneumatic motor is connected to the control device. A drill rod is connected to the output shaft of the pneumatic motor. One end of the drill rod is connected to the output shaft of the starter motor, and the other end of the drill rod is rotatably connected to the support. A first attitude sensor is disposed at the end of the base plate near the support. The first attitude sensor is connected to the processor.

[0018] Preferably, the second adjustment mechanism includes a clamp, which is detachably connected to the outer side of the bottom of the column by fastening bolts. A cylinder is provided between the clamp and the drilling mechanism. The fixed end of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the outer side of the clamp, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the base plate near one end of the support.

[0019] Preferably, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism includes a circular plate and a bottom cylinder. The circular plate is disposed above the bottom cylinder, and a rotating cylinder is disposed at the bottom of the circular plate. One end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the circular plate, and the other end of the rotating cylinder extends into the bottom cylinder. The bottom cylinder is hollow inside, and a movable hole is disposed at the center of the top of the bottom cylinder. The other end of the rotating cylinder passes through the movable hole and extends into the bottom cylinder. A rotating part is also disposed at the other end of the rotating cylinder.

[0020] A rotating sleeve is provided outside the rotating cylinder, and a pair of first support seats are provided on the edge of the movable hole. The first support seats are connected to the top of the rotating cylinder, and the support seats and the rotating sleeve are rotatably connected by a first rotating rod.

[0021] The rotating part is provided with a U-shaped linkage block. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped linkage block are rotatably connected to the rotating part through a rotating connecting rod. A second rotating rod is provided away from the rotating part from the U-shaped linkage block. One end of the second rotating rod is connected to the U-shaped linkage block, and the other end of the second rotating rod extends toward the side wall of the rotating cylinder.

[0022] A rotating seat is provided at the top of the bottom cylinder, and the top of the rotating seat is connected to the top of the bottom cylinder. A first fixed plate is provided inside the rotating seat, and the two sides of the first fixed plate are rotatably connected to the two sides inside the rotating seat. The other end of the second rotating rod passes vertically through the first fixed plate. A second fixed plate is vertically provided on the first fixed plate. A second support seat is provided on one side of the second fixed plate. A first motor is provided near the second support seat. The first motor is connected to the control device and is connected to the second fixed plate. The output shaft of the first motor rotatably passes through the second support seat and is connected to a worm gear. A worm is provided near the worm gear on the second rotating rod. The worm gear and the worm mesh. A second attitude sensor is provided on the circular plate and is connected to the processor.

[0023] Preferably, a third fixed plate is provided outside the rotating sleeve, a gear ring is provided at the bottom of the circular plate, a gear adapted to the gear ring is meshed on the inner side of the gear ring, a third rotating rod is provided at the center of the gear, the third rotating rod is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate, a first transmission tooth is provided on the third rotating rod, a fourth rotating rod is provided on the third fixed plate, the fourth rotating rod is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate, a second motor is provided at the bottom of the third fixed plate, the second motor is connected to the control device, the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the fourth rotating rod, a second transmission tooth is provided on the fourth rotating rod, and a transmission chain is sleeved between the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth.

[0024] Preferably, the support mechanism includes at least three legs, which are evenly arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder with the center of the bottom cylinder as the center. One end of each leg is rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of each leg is a sharp end. The shape of each leg is an arc with the center point facing outward from the cylinder.

[0025] A third motor is located at the center of the bottom of the bottom cylinder. The third motor is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the third motor rotatably passes through the bottom of the bottom cylinder and is connected to a screw. A fixing ring is located at the bottom of the bottom cylinder. The fixing ring is connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder by multiple connecting rods. The screw is rotatably connected to the fixing ring. A linkage ring is located on the screw. The screw is screwed to the linkage ring. A linkage rod is located between the linkage ring and the support leg. At least three first connecting parts are located outside the linkage ring. A second connecting part is located in the middle of the side of the support leg near the center of the bottom cylinder. The first connecting parts and the second connecting parts are rotatably connected to the two ends of the linkage rod, respectively.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, using the column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: Before drilling, the support mechanism is used to form a support with the construction surface, and the drilling mechanism is adjusted according to the preset drilling information through the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism;

[0028] S2: During drilling, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the attitude of the drilling mechanism with the target drilling information. The deviation value is then compared with the preset deviation threshold, and the corresponding adjustment method is selected.

[0029] S3: If the deviation value is not within the preset deviation threshold range, use the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism for coarse adjustment, and use the auxiliary adjustment mechanism for fine adjustment as appropriate. Otherwise, only the auxiliary adjustment mechanism needs to be used for fine adjustment.

[0030] The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig and its adjustment method provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This invention uses a first adjusting mechanism to adjust the position of the drilling mechanism in the height direction of the column, a second adjusting mechanism to adjust the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column, an auxiliary adjusting mechanism to assist in the adjustment of the entire column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, and a support mechanism to provide stable support for the column above the auxiliary adjusting mechanism. Based on the coordination of each component, adjustments can be made according to different adjustment methods to achieve the target value as needed, enabling real-time adjustment based on the drilling position and improving adjustment efficiency during the adjustment process.

[0032] 2. The present invention also drives the linkage ring to move on the screw via a third motor, thereby changing the distance between the second connecting part of the support leg and the screw when the linkage rod connects the middle part of the support leg and the linkage ring. During this process, the support leg is driven to move closer to or further away from the bottom cylinder with the bottom rotating connection point as the center. When the support leg is adjusted to rotate outward from the bottom cylinder, its sharp end, after contacting the construction surface, rotates further outward from the cylinder until its sharp end is inserted into the construction surface to form a stable support.

[0033] 3. The present invention also obtains the first posture data of the drill rod when deviation occurs during drilling or when adjustment is needed during drilling. The obtained first calibration surface is compared with the target drilling surface of the preset target in real time to obtain the deviation value. The deviation value is compared with the preset deviation threshold. Based on the comparison result, the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism are used for coarse adjustment in real time, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism is used for fine adjustment, or the auxiliary adjustment mechanism is used directly for fine adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting disk structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the U-shaped sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the card block structure installation of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spring structure installation of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom cylinder structure installation of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom cylinder of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gear structure installation of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second support structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second rotating rod structure of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0045] 1. Column; 2. Base plate; 21. Guide rail; 22. Sliding seat; 23. Pneumatic motor; 24. Support; 3. First adjusting mechanism; 31. Guide bar; 311. Sliding sleeve; 312. U-shaped sleeve; 32. Fixed column; 33. U-shaped block; 331. Locking block; 332. Locking groove; 333. Limiting hole; 334. Limiting block; 335. Spring; 34. Connecting plate; 4. Second adjusting mechanism; 41. Clamp; 42. Cylinder; 5. Circular plate; 501. Base cylinder; 502. Rotating cylinder; 503. Movable hole; 504. Rotating part; 505. Rotating sleeve; 506. First support seat; 507. First rotating rod; 508. U-shaped linkage block; 509. Second rotating rod; 510. Rotating seat; 511. First fixed column; 512. Fixed plate; 513. Second fixed plate; 514. Second support base; 515. First motor; 516. Third fixed plate; 517. Gear ring; 518. Gear; 519. Third rotating rod; 520. First transmission gear; 521. Fourth rotating rod; 522. Second motor; 523. Transmission chain; 6. Support leg; 61. Third motor; 62. Screw; 63. Fixed ring; 64. Connecting rod; 65. Linkage rod; 66. First connecting part; 67. Second connecting part; 68. Linkage ring. Detailed Implementation

[0046] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, which includes:

[0047] A column 1, vertically arranged to form the support foundation of the column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig; a drilling mechanism, mounted on and movably connected to the column 1; a first adjustment mechanism 3, mounted on the column 1 and connected to the drilling mechanism, to adjust the height of the drilling mechanism on the column 1; a second adjustment mechanism 4, located between the column 1 and the drilling mechanism, to adjust the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column 1; an auxiliary adjustment mechanism, located at the bottom of the column 1, to assist in adjusting the drilling operation; a support mechanism, located below the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, to provide stable support for the column 1 above the auxiliary adjustment mechanism; and a control device, connected to the drilling mechanism, the first adjustment mechanism 3, the second adjustment mechanism 4, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, and the support mechanism, to control the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4 to adjust the drilling mechanism, and to control the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to adjust the drilling mechanism adaptively. The control device is also connected to a processor. Figure 1-10As shown, a column-mounted pneumatic drill rig includes a column 1 positioned according to the desired drilling location to provide vertical support for the entire device. A drilling mechanism is movably mounted on the column 1 and adjusted according to the drilling location and direction to drill at the desired location. A first adjustment mechanism 3 is mounted on the column 1 to adjust the position of the drilling mechanism along the height of the column 1, thus adjusting the height of the drilling mechanism according to the desired drilling location and direction. A second adjustment mechanism 4 is installed between the column 1 and the drilling mechanism to adjust the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column 1, thus adjusting the angle according to the desired drilling location and direction. A support mechanism is located below the auxiliary adjustment structure to provide stable support for the column 1 above the auxiliary adjustment mechanism. The auxiliary adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the column 1 to provide auxiliary adjustment for the entire column-mounted pneumatic drill rig. Before drilling begins, the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4 can be adjusted according to the preset drilling position and direction to adapt to the preset position. During drilling, if the drilling deviates from the pre-approved target or requires temporary adjustment, it can be adjusted by the auxiliary adjustment mechanism. Alternatively, the drilling mechanism can be coarsely adjusted using the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4, and finely adjusted using the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, to adjust the target value according to different adjustment methods as needed. This allows for real-time adjustment based on the drilling position and improves the adjustment efficiency. During the adjustment process, the control device controls the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4 to adjust the drilling mechanism, and controls the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to make adaptive adjustments to the drilling mechanism. The control device is also connected to a processor.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first adjusting mechanism 3 includes: a guide strip 31, a sliding sleeve 311, and a U-shaped sleeve 312. The guide strip 31 is disposed on the column 1 along the height direction of the column 1. The U-shaped sleeve 312 is slidably connected to the guide strip 31. The sliding sleeve 311 is slidably connected to the column 1. The two ends of the sliding sleeve 311 are respectively connected to the two vertical sides of the U-shaped sleeve 312. Figure 1-10 As shown, during the adjustment process of the first adjustment mechanism 3, the guide bar 31 is set along the height direction of the column 1, and the structure formed by the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 slides on the guide bar 31 and the column 1. The height position of the drilling mechanism on the column 1 is adjusted according to the different positions of the structure formed by the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 on the guide bar 31.

[0049] In some embodiments, the guide strip 31 has a plurality of slots 332 evenly arranged near the U-shaped sleeve 312. A fixing post 32 is provided on the U-shaped sleeve 312, with both ends of the fixing post 32 penetrating through the U-shaped sleeve 312. A retaining edge is provided on the outer side of the fixing post 32, and the fixing post 32 is connected to the U-shaped sleeve 312 through the retaining edge. A sliding hole is provided inside the fixing post 32, and a locking block 331 adapted to the sliding hole is provided inside the fixing post 32. The locking block 331 is slidably connected to the fixing post 32, and one end of the locking block 331 near the guide strip 31 engages with the slot 332. The end of the locking block 331 near the guide strip 31 has an inclined surface. Figure 1-10 As shown, multiple slots 332 evenly arranged on the guide bar 31 can be configured according to the specifications of the entire column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig. The fixed column 32 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 are connected by a flange, forming a limit on the fixed column 32 by the U-shaped sleeve 312. The sliding hole and the locking block 331 inside the fixed column 32 are compatible, and their shape can be square, round, or trapezoidal, etc. The locking block 331 slides in the sliding hole and abuts against the slots 332 at different positions on the guide bar 31 to limit the relative position between the structure formed by the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 and the guide bar 31. When it is necessary to adjust the height position of the drilling mechanism, the locking block 331 is replaced. Different slots 332 form a snap-fit ​​connection. The end of the locking block 331 near the guide bar 31 is provided with an inclined surface. During the process of the locking block 331 sliding into the slot 332, due to the obstruction of the line of sight, it cannot be guaranteed that the sliding hole and the target slot 332 correspond. Through the set inclined surface, during the sliding adjustment process between the structure formed after the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 and the guide bar 31, when the inclined surface of the locking block 331 first contacts the edge of the slot 332 and continues to slide along the inclined surface until the entire locking block 331 and the slot 332 form an abutment, so as to fix the position between the structure formed after the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 and the guide bar 31.

[0050] In some embodiments, the locking block 331 is provided with a limiting hole 333, and a limiting block 334 is provided within the limiting hole 333. The limiting block 334 is slidably connected to the limiting hole 333, and both ends of the limiting block 334 pass through the two ends of the limiting hole 333 and are connected to the sliding hole. A spring 335 is provided between the side of the limiting block 334 away from the guide strip 31 and the limiting hole 333. The end of the locking block 331 away from the guide strip 31 extends out of the sliding hole, and a U-shaped block 33 is provided at the end of the locking block 331 away from the guide strip 31. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped block 33 are rotatably connected to the locking block 331 through a damping shaft. Figure 1-10As shown, a limiting hole 333 is provided on the locking block 331 along the direction in which the locking block 331 slides within the sliding hole. A limiting block 334 is slidably connected to the limiting hole 333 within the limiting hole 333. The upper and lower ends of the limiting hole 333 are connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole. When the locking block 331 slides within the sliding hole, the limiting block 334 slides within the limiting hole 333 in the corresponding direction in which the locking block 331 slides within the sliding hole. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped block 33 are rotatably connected to the locking block 331 via a damping shaft. When the U-shaped block 33 is operated to disengage the locking block 331 from the slot 332, the U-shaped block 33 is rotated 90° around the damping shaft. Under the action of the damping shaft, the U-shaped block 33 maintains this 90° position. The other parts of the U-shaped block 33 contact the fixed post 32 outside the sliding hole, forming an abutment. The limiting block 334 is away from the guide strip 3. A spring 335 is installed between one side of the U-shaped block 331 and the limiting hole 333. When the locking block 331 is pulled out of the slot 332, the spring 335 is compressed. Under the compressed state of the spring 335, the U-shaped block 33 in the 90° state forms an abutment with the fixed block. When the U-shaped block 33 and the locking block 331 are restored to the horizontal state, the spring 335 needs to recover its deformation. After the position of its sliding hole and the slot 332 are aligned, the locking block 331 can smoothly slide along the inclined surface into the slot 332. When adjusting the height of the drilling mechanism, it is only necessary to adjust the sliding between the structure formed by the connection of the sliding sleeve 311 and the U-shaped sleeve 312 and the guide strip 31 so that the sliding hole and the target slot 332 are aligned. With the help of the U-shaped block 33 and the spring 335, the locking block 331 naturally forms an abutment with the target slot 332, which improves the adjustment efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments, the drilling mechanism includes a connecting plate 34, the center of which is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve 311. A base plate 2 is vertically disposed at the center of the side of the connecting plate 34 away from the sliding sleeve 311. A pair of guide rails are disposed on the base plate 2. A sliding seat 22 is also disposed on the base plate 2. A pair of grooves adapted to the guide rails are disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat 22. The sliding seat 22 is slidably connected to the base plate 2 through the grooves and the guide rails. A support 24 is disposed at one end of the base plate 2. A pneumatic motor 23 is disposed on the sliding seat. The pneumatic motor 23 is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the pneumatic motor 23 is connected to a drill rod. One end of the drill rod is connected to the output shaft of the starter motor. The other end of the drill rod is rotatably connected to the support 24. A first attitude sensor is disposed at the end of the base plate 2 near the support 24. The first attitude sensor is connected to the processor. Figure 1-10As shown, the drilling mechanism is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting plate 34 via a sliding sleeve, which can be via a rotating shaft. The base plate 2 is vertically connected to the center of the connecting plate 34. The starter motor and control device are connected, and the starter motor drives the drill rod to rotate. The outer part of the drill rod that contacts the support 24 is threaded, and it is screwed to the support 24, causing the sliding seat 22, which drives the pneumatic motor 23, to slide on the groove on the base plate 2, thereby selecting the required drilling depth. During the drilling process, a first attitude sensor is set near the support 24 on the base plate 2 to acquire the attitude data of the drill rod in real time. The first attitude sensor is connected to the processor to process the first attitude data. Based on information such as the drilling position, the current attitude of the drill rod is calculated. The plane under this attitude is used as the first calibration surface, and the center of the target drilling position is used as the target drilling surface. The first calibration surface and the target drilling surface are compared in real time, and the drill rod is adjusted in real time according to the comparison result.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second adjusting mechanism 4 includes a clamp 41, which is detachably connected to the outer side of the bottom of the column 1 by fastening bolts. A cylinder 42 is provided between the clamp 41 and the drilling mechanism. The fixed end of the cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the clamp 41, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the base plate 2 near one end of the support 24. Figure 1-10 As shown, the clamp 41 and the column 1 in the second adjustment mechanism 4 are detachable by fastening bolts. The cylinder 42 between the clamp 41 and the drilling mechanism is connected to the control device. Under the action of the control device, the cylinder 42 is driven to extend and retract to adjust the angle between the drill rod and the column 1, thereby changing the drilling direction of the drill rod. When it is necessary to adjust the adjustment range between the drill rod and the column 1, the position of the clamp 41 on the column 1 is changed to change different adjustment ranges.

[0053] In some embodiments, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism includes a circular plate 5 and a bottom cylinder 501. The circular plate 5 is disposed above the bottom cylinder 501. A rotating cylinder 502 is disposed at the bottom of the circular plate 5. One end of the rotating cylinder 502 is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the circular plate 5, and the other end of the rotating cylinder 502 extends toward the bottom cylinder 501. The bottom cylinder 501 is hollow inside. A movable hole 503 is disposed at the center of the top of the bottom cylinder 501. The other end of the rotating cylinder 502 passes through the movable hole 503 and extends into the bottom cylinder 501. A rotating part 504 is also disposed at the other end of the rotating cylinder 502.

[0054] A rotating sleeve 505 is provided outside the rotating cylinder 502, and a pair of first support seats 506 are provided on the edge of the movable hole 503. The first support seats 506 are connected to the top of the rotating cylinder 502, and the support seats and the rotating sleeve 505 are rotatably connected by a first rotating rod 507.

[0055] The rotating part 504 is provided with a U-shaped linkage block 508. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped linkage block 508 are rotatably connected to the rotating part 504 through a rotating connecting rod. A second rotating rod 509 is provided on the U-shaped linkage block 508 away from the rotating part 504. One end of the second rotating rod 509 is connected to the U-shaped linkage block 508, and the other end of the second rotating rod 509 extends toward the side wall of the rotating cylinder 502.

[0056] A rotating seat 510 is provided at the top of the bottom cylinder 501. The top of the rotating seat 510 is connected to the top of the bottom cylinder 501. A first fixing plate 511 is provided inside the rotating seat 510. The two sides of the first fixing plate 511 are rotatably connected to the two sides inside the rotating seat 510, respectively. The other end of the second rotating rod 509 vertically passes through the first fixing plate 511. A second fixing plate 512 is vertically provided on the first fixing plate 511. A second support seat 513 is provided on one side of the second fixing plate 512. A first motor 514 is provided near the second support seat 513. The first motor 514 is connected to the control device. The first motor 514 is connected to the second fixing plate 512. The output shaft of the first motor 514 rotatably passes through the second support seat 513. A worm gear is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 514. A worm is provided near the worm gear on the second rotating rod 509. The worm gear and the worm mesh. A second attitude sensor is provided on the circular plate 5. The second attitude sensor is connected to the processor. Figure 1-10As shown, when the drill rod needs to be adjusted via the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, the rotating sleeve 505 outside the rotating cylinder 502 and the first support seat 506 are rotatably connected by the first rotating rod 507, allowing the rotating cylinder 502 to rotate around the center of the first rotating rod 507. By controlling the rotation of the first motor 514, the worm gear is driven to transmit power to the worm, so that the worm and the second rotating rod 509 are connected. The second rotating rod 509 slides through the first fixed plate 511. Since the first fixed plate 511 and the rotating seat 510 are rotatably connected, and the rotating seat 510 is connected to the top of the cylinder... The connection ensures that the first fixed plate 511 and the second rotating rod 509 remain perpendicular to each other during the reciprocating movement of the U-shaped linkage block 508 driven by the second rotating rod 509. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped linkage block 508 are rotatably connected to the rotating part 504 via a rotating connecting rod. Throughout the process, as the first motor 514 drives the second rotating rod 509 to slide back and forth on the first fixed plate 511, it drives the connected U-shaped linkage block 508 to pull the rotating part 504, which is rotatably connected between the rotating sleeve 505 and the first support base 506 via the first rotating rod 507. Based on this, the entire rotating cylinder 502 can swing around the first rotating rod 507, allowing the attitude of the circular plate 5 at the top of the rotating cylinder 502 to be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, the attitude of the entire column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig relative to the construction surface can be adjusted. During this process, the movable hole 503 provides space for the swing of the rotating cylinder 502. Through the transmission of the first motor 514, worm gear, worm, and second rotating rod 509, effective control precision can be provided, enabling adaptive adjustments to ensure efficiency in fine-tuning. The second attitude sensor is mounted on the circular plate 5. The upper position can be the center position. The attitude data of the circular plate 5 is acquired in real time. The second attitude sensor is connected to the processor to process the second attitude data and calculate the current attitude of the circular plate 5. The plane under this attitude is used as the second calibration surface, and the center of the target drilling position is used as the target drilling surface. The second calibration surface is compared with the first calibration surface and the target drilling surface respectively. The comparison results are used to select fine adjustment or coarse adjustment. The first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4, or the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, are used to adjust the drill rod according to the comparison results to improve the adjustment efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, a third fixed plate 515 is further provided outside the rotating sleeve 505. A gear ring 516 is provided at the bottom of the circular plate 5. A gear 517 adapted to the gear ring 516 meshes with the inner side of the gear ring 516. A third rotating rod 518 is provided at the center of the gear 517. The third rotating rod 518 is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate 515. A first transmission tooth 519 is provided on the third rotating rod 518. A fourth rotating rod 520 is also provided on the third fixed plate 515. The fourth rotating rod 520 is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate 515. A second motor 521 is provided at the bottom of the third fixed plate 515. The second motor 521 is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the second motor 521 is connected to the fourth rotating rod 520. A second transmission tooth 522 is provided on the fourth rotating rod 520. A transmission chain 523 is sleeved between the first transmission tooth 519 and the second transmission tooth 522. Figure 1-10 As shown, the second motor 521 is driven by the control device to rotate the third fixed plate 515 outside the sleeve 505, which in turn drives the fourth rotating rod 520 to rotate, causing the second transmission gear 522 to rotate. This causes the transmission chain 523 between the first transmission gear 519 and the second transmission gear 522 to transmit power to the first transmission gear 519, which in turn drives the third rotating rod 518 to rotate on the third fixed plate 515, causing the gear 517 to rotate. This further drives the gear 517 to transmit power to the gear ring 516, causing the circular plate 5 to rotate relative to the rotating cylinder 502. The advantage of this arrangement is that it further improves the adjustment accuracy and facilitates adaptive adjustments during fine-tuning.

[0058] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes at least three legs 6, which are evenly arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501 with the center of the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501 as the center. One end of the leg 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501, and the other end of the leg 6 is a sharp end. The shape of the leg 6 is an arc with the center point facing the outside of the cylinder.

[0059] A third motor 61 is located at the center of the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501. The third motor 61 is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the third motor 61 rotatably passes through the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501 and is connected to a screw 62. A fixing ring 63 is located at the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501. The fixing ring 63 is connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501 by multiple connecting rods 64. The screw 62 is rotatably connected to the fixing ring 63. A linkage ring 68 is provided on the screw 62. The screw 62 is screwed to the linkage ring 68. A linkage rod 65 is provided between the linkage ring 68 and the support leg 6. At least three first connecting parts 66 are provided outside the linkage ring 68. A second connecting part 67 is provided in the middle of the side of the support leg 6 near the center of the bottom cylinder 501. The first connecting parts 66 and the second connecting parts 67 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the linkage rod 65, respectively. Figure 1-10 As shown, at least three support legs 6 are installed at the bottom of the base cylinder 501, evenly arranged around the center of the bottom of the base cylinder 501. One end of the support leg 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the base cylinder 501 to adjust the angle between the support leg 6 and the base cylinder 501. The other end of the support leg 6 is a pointed end, and the shape of the support leg 6 is an arc with the center point facing outwards from the cylinder. When the support leg 6 is adjusted to rotate outwards from the base cylinder 501, its pointed end, after contacting the construction surface, rotates further outwards from the cylinder until its pointed end is inserted into the construction surface, forming a stable support. The control device controls the third motor 61 to drive the screw 62. The third motor 61 and the screw 62 can be connected by a coupling. The third motor 61 drives the linkage ring 68 to move on the screw 62. Then, with the linkage rod 65 connecting the middle part of the support leg 6 and the linkage ring 68, the distance between the second connecting part 67 in the middle of the support leg 6 and the screw 62 changes. During this process, the support leg 6 is driven to rotate around the bottom connection of the bottom of the bottom cylinder 501, and the pointed end of the support leg 6 moves closer to or further away from the bottom cylinder 501 to adjust.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, using the column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1: Before drilling, the support mechanism is used to form a support with the construction surface, and the drilling mechanism is adjusted according to the preset drilling information through the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4.

[0062] S2: During drilling, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the attitude of the drilling mechanism with the target drilling information. The deviation value is then compared with the preset deviation threshold, and the corresponding adjustment method is selected.

[0063] S3: If the deviation value is not within the preset deviation threshold range, coarse adjustment is performed using the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4, and fine adjustment is performed using the auxiliary adjustment mechanism. Conversely, fine adjustment is performed using the auxiliary adjustment mechanism.

[0064] Specifically, before drilling, the screw 62 is driven by the third motor 61, which changes the position of the linkage ring 68 on the screw 62. This causes the support leg 6 to rotate around the bottom connection of the bottom cylinder 501, with the pointed end of the support leg 6 moving away from the bottom cylinder 501. This ensures that the pointed end of the support leg 6 makes full contact with the working surface, or its pointed end is inserted into the working surface, providing stable support for the entire column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, maintaining its stability during the drilling process, and avoiding interference during drilling.

[0065] Specifically, before drilling, according to the drilling position and direction, the first adjusting mechanism 3 uses the locking block 331 in different locking slots 332 to form abutment to adjust the height position of the drilling mechanism. The extension and retraction of the cylinder 42 is used to adjust the angle between the drill rod and the column 1 to change the drilling direction. When it is necessary to adjust the adjustment range between the drill rod and the column 1, the position of the clamp 41 on the column 1 is changed to change different adjustment ranges.

[0066] Specifically, before drilling, an auxiliary adjustment mechanism can be used to make adaptive adjustments based on the adjustments made by the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4, so that the drilling mechanism is consistent with the preset drilling position and drilling direction.

[0067] Specifically, when deviations occur during drilling or adjustments are needed during drilling, the first posture data of the drill rod is acquired, and the obtained first calibration surface is compared in real time with the target drilling surface of the preset target to obtain the deviation value. The deviation value is compared with the preset deviation threshold, and coarse adjustment is performed in real time using the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4 based on the comparison result, and fine adjustment is performed using the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, or fine adjustment is performed directly using the auxiliary adjustment mechanism.

[0068] Specifically, when deviations occur during drilling or adjustments are needed during drilling, the attitude data of the circular plate 5 is acquired in real time. The second attitude data is processed to calculate the current attitude of the circular plate 5. The plane under this attitude is used as the second calibration surface, and the center of the target drilling position is used as the target drilling surface. The second calibration surface is compared with the first calibration surface and the target drilling surface to obtain the deviation value. The deviation value is compared with the preset deviation threshold. The comparison result is used to select fine adjustment or coarse adjustment, and the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4, or the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, are used to adjust it according to the comparison result.

[0069] In this process, when the deviation between the second calibration surface and the target borehole surface is larger than the deviation between the first calibration surface and the target borehole surface, the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the second adjustment mechanism 4 are used for coarse adjustment, and the auxiliary adjustment mechanism is used for fine adjustment based on the coarse adjustment. Conversely, only the auxiliary adjustment mechanism is needed for fine adjustment. During the adjustment process, an appropriate adjustment method is selected to improve the efficiency of adjustment.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, characterized in that, include: A column, which is vertically arranged to form a support foundation for the column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig; A drilling mechanism is mounted on the column and movably connected to the column; A first adjustment mechanism is disposed on the column and connected to the drilling mechanism to adjust the height position of the drilling mechanism on the column. A second adjustment mechanism is disposed between the column and the drilling mechanism to adjust the angle between the drilling mechanism and the column; An auxiliary adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the column body. The auxiliary adjustment mechanism performs auxiliary adjustment to adapt to the drilling process. A support mechanism is provided below the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to provide stable support for the column above the auxiliary adjustment mechanism; A control device is connected to the drilling mechanism, the first adjustment mechanism, the second adjustment mechanism, the auxiliary adjustment mechanism, and the support mechanism. The control device controls the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism to adjust the drilling mechanism, and controls the auxiliary adjustment mechanism to make adaptive adjustments to the drilling mechanism. The control device is also connected to a processor. The auxiliary adjustment mechanism includes a circular plate and a bottom cylinder. The circular plate is disposed above the bottom cylinder, and a rotating cylinder is disposed at the bottom of the circular plate. One end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the circular plate, and the other end of the rotating cylinder extends into the bottom cylinder. The bottom cylinder is hollow inside, and a movable hole is disposed at the center of the top of the bottom cylinder. The other end of the rotating cylinder passes through the movable hole and extends into the bottom cylinder. A rotating part is also disposed at the other end of the rotating cylinder. A rotating sleeve is provided outside the rotating cylinder, and a pair of first support seats are provided on the edge of the movable hole. The first support seats are connected to the top of the rotating cylinder, and the first support seats and the rotating sleeve are rotatably connected by a first rotating rod. The rotating part is provided with a U-shaped linkage block. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped linkage block are rotatably connected to the rotating part through a rotating connecting rod. A second rotating rod is provided away from the rotating part from the U-shaped linkage block. One end of the second rotating rod is connected to the U-shaped linkage block, and the other end of the second rotating rod extends toward the side wall of the rotating cylinder. A rotating seat is provided at the top of the bottom cylinder, and the top of the rotating seat is connected to the top of the bottom cylinder. A first fixed plate is provided inside the rotating seat, and the two sides of the first fixed plate are rotatably connected to the two sides inside the rotating seat. The other end of the second rotating rod passes vertically through the first fixed plate. A second fixed plate is vertically provided on the first fixed plate. A second support seat is provided on one side of the second fixed plate. A first motor is provided near the second support seat. The first motor is connected to the control device. The first motor is connected to the second fixed plate. The output shaft of the first motor rotatably passes through the second support seat. A worm gear is connected to the output shaft of the first motor. A worm is provided near the worm gear on the second rotating rod. The worm gear and the worm mesh. A second attitude sensor is provided on the circular plate. The second attitude sensor is connected to the processor. A third fixed plate is also provided outside the rotating sleeve. A gear ring is provided at the bottom of the circular plate. A gear adapted to the gear ring meshes inside the gear ring. A third rotating rod is provided at the center of the gear. The third rotating rod is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate. A first transmission tooth is provided on the third rotating rod. A fourth rotating rod is also provided on the third fixed plate. The fourth rotating rod is rotatably connected to the third fixed plate. A second motor is provided at the bottom of the third fixed plate. The second motor is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to the fourth rotating rod. A second transmission tooth is provided on the fourth rotating rod. A transmission chain is sleeved between the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth. The support mechanism includes at least three legs, which are evenly arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder with the center of the bottom cylinder as the center. One end of each leg is rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of each leg is a sharp end. The shape of each leg is an arc with the center point facing outward from the cylinder. A third motor is located at the center of the bottom of the bottom cylinder. The third motor is connected to the control device. The output shaft of the third motor rotatably passes through the bottom of the bottom cylinder and is connected to a screw. A fixing ring is located at the bottom of the bottom cylinder. The fixing ring is connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder by multiple connecting rods. The screw is rotatably connected to the fixing ring. A linkage ring is located on the screw. The screw is screwed to the linkage ring. A linkage rod is located between the linkage ring and the support leg. At least three first connecting parts are located outside the linkage ring. A second connecting part is located in the middle of the side of the support leg near the center of the bottom cylinder. The first connecting parts and the second connecting parts are rotatably connected to the two ends of the linkage rod, respectively.

2. The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjustment mechanism includes a guide bar, a sliding sleeve, and a U-shaped sleeve. The guide bar is disposed on the column along the height direction of the column. The U-shaped sleeve is slidably connected to the guide bar. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the column. The two ends of the sliding sleeve are respectively connected to the two vertical sides of the U-shaped sleeve.

3. The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide strip has multiple slots evenly arranged near the U-shaped sleeve. The U-shaped sleeve has a fixing post with both ends penetrating through the U-shaped sleeve. The fixing post has a retaining edge on its outer side and is connected to the U-shaped sleeve through the retaining edge. The fixing post has a sliding hole inside and a locking block that matches the sliding hole inside. The locking block is slidably connected to the fixing post. The end of the locking block near the guide strip engages with the slot. The end of the locking block near the guide strip has an inclined surface.

4. The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The card block is provided with a limiting hole, and a limiting block is provided in the limiting hole. The limiting block is slidably connected to the limiting hole. Both ends of the limiting block pass through the two ends of the limiting hole and are connected to the sliding hole. A spring is provided between the side of the limiting block away from the guide strip and the limiting hole. The end of the locking block away from the guide strip extends out of the sliding hole, and a U-shaped block is provided at the end of the locking block away from the guide strip. The two vertical ends of the U-shaped block are rotatably connected to the locking block through a damping shaft.

5. The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism includes a connecting plate, the center of which is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve. A base plate is vertically mounted on the center of the side of the connecting plate away from the sliding sleeve. A pair of guide rails are mounted on the base plate, and a sliding seat is also mounted on the base plate. A pair of grooves adapted to the guide rails are mounted on the bottom of the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the base plate through the grooves and the guide rails. A support is mounted at one end of the base plate, and a pneumatic motor is mounted on the sliding seat. The pneumatic motor is connected to the control device. A drill rod is connected to the output shaft of the pneumatic motor. One end of the drill rod is connected to the output shaft of the pneumatic motor, and the other end of the drill rod is rotatably connected to the support. A first attitude sensor is mounted on the end of the base plate near the support, and the first attitude sensor is connected to the processor.

6. The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second adjustment mechanism includes a clamp, which is detachably connected to the outer side of the bottom of the column by fastening bolts. A cylinder is provided between the clamp and the drilling mechanism. The fixed end of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the outer side of the clamp, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the base plate near one end of the support.

7. A method for adjusting a column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig, characterized in that: The column-mounted pneumatic drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S1: Before drilling, the support mechanism is used to form a support with the construction surface, and the drilling mechanism is adjusted according to the preset drilling information through the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism; S2: During drilling, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the attitude of the drilling mechanism with the target drilling information. The deviation value is then compared with the preset deviation threshold, and the corresponding adjustment method is selected. S3: If the deviation value is not within the preset deviation threshold range, use the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism for coarse adjustment, and use the auxiliary adjustment mechanism for fine adjustment as appropriate. Conversely, only the auxiliary adjustment mechanism is needed for fine adjustment.

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