A shield construction device suitable for karst environment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, specifically to a TBM construction device suitable for karst environments. The device includes: a conveying cylinder with a drive shaft rotatably mounted inside; a first spiral conveying blade fitted to the inner wall of the conveying cylinder on the drive shaft; and a second motor driving the drive shaft at the top of the conveying cylinder; and a separation tank fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the conveying cylinder, with a guide hopper connected to the bottom of the separation tank. This invention enables the filter tank to rotate rapidly within the separation tank, accelerating the separation of moisture from the soil, preventing excessive moisture in the soil from flowing during transport, reducing transport difficulty, facilitating water reuse, reducing water waste, and allowing for the flushing of clogged filter screens via high-pressure nozzles, facilitating filter screen reuse, and enabling automatic filter screen replacement, thus reducing the workload of workers and improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, specifically to a TBM construction device suitable for karst environments. Background Technology

[0002] Karst landscapes, also known as karst landforms, are landforms formed by carbonate rocks (mainly limestone) under the influence of internal and external forces, primarily groundwater and secondarily surface water. Carbonate rocks are widely distributed in my country, but the degree of development of karst landforms varies greatly from place to place due to differences in climate and lithological conditions. my country is the world's largest karst region, with karst landforms mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, and other areas in southwestern my country. Guilin's landscape, Lunan Stone Forest, Zhijin Cave in Guizhou, Huangguoshu Waterfall, Xingwen Cave Township, Yixing Shanjuan Cave, and Tonglu Yaolin Wonderland are all representative karst tourist scenic areas. Karst environments are often located near abundant water resources.

[0003] The equipment used in tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction includes: 1. TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine): The core equipment for TBM construction, used to excavate underground tunnels. The main structure of the TBM consists of a front retaining plate, cutterhead, secondary retaining plate, shell, and tracks. 2. Cutting Head: The cutting head is the cutting device mounted on the cutterhead of the TBM, used to cut and break the soil and rock inside the tunnel. Cutting heads come in various shapes to suit different types of soil and rock, such as hyperbolic cutting heads and arc-shaped cutting heads. 3. Screw Conveyor: The screw conveyor is an important piece of equipment in TBM construction, used to transport the excavated soil to the outside of the tunnel. The screw conveyor mainly consists of a screw, bearings, transmission device, rotating support, and casing. 4. Hydraulic Station: The hydraulic station is the power source for the TBM, providing the necessary hydraulic power. The hydraulic station mainly consists of cylinders, oil tanks, pump sets, and electrical controllers. The function of the hydraulic station is to convert electrical energy into hydraulic energy, allowing the TBM to perform various tasks smoothly.

[0004] The related technology includes a Chinese invention patent document with publication number CN113202496A, which discloses a slag removal device for tunnel shield construction, which includes a shield machine body, a shield machine head, and a shield machine processing chamber. The shield machine processing chamber is located at the front end of the shield machine body, and the shield machine head is movably installed at the front end of the shield machine processing chamber. A slag collection mechanism is provided on the shield machine processing chamber. A layered processing and carrying mechanism is provided on the shield machine body and outside the shield machine processing chamber, which is connected to the slag collection mechanism. The circulating pressurized injection mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the shield machine body.

[0005] The above scheme is based on the installation of the moving end of the tunnel boring machine. The layered processing and carrying mechanism can move with it and separate debris of different particle sizes. According to the needs, the circulating pressurized injection mechanism injects water at different pressures to carry and discharge the debris, which improves the discharge efficiency and facilitates subsequent processing. At the same time, it avoids clogging of the discharge pipeline. However, during use, when constructing in karst environments, the abundant water resources around the karst environment result in the excavated soil containing a large amount of water. During the transportation process, the soil with a high water content is easy to flow, resulting in an unsatisfactory transportation effect. Furthermore, direct discharge of the soil will lead to the waste of the abundant water resources in the soil.

[0006] Therefore, a shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, comprising:

[0010] A conveying cylinder, wherein a drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the conveying cylinder, and a first spiral conveying blade is provided on the drive shaft to fit against the inner wall of the conveying cylinder; a second motor for driving the drive shaft is also provided at the top of the conveying cylinder.

[0011] A separation tank is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the conveying cylinder. A guide hopper is connected to the bottom of the separation tank. A separation component for solid-liquid separation is provided inside the separation tank. The separation component includes a filter tank that is slidably installed inside the separation tank.

[0012] A sewage treatment tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying cylinder, and a water collection trough connected to the guide hopper is provided inside the sewage treatment tank. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection trough, and multiple rollers are evenly arranged at the bottom of the sewage treatment tank.

[0013] An annular trough is formed inside the wastewater treatment tank and is located below the water collection tank. An automatically replaceable filter assembly is installed inside the annular trough. The filter assembly includes a connecting shaft rotatably installed inside the annular trough. Movable shafts are rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting shaft, and filter frames are fixedly installed at the ends of the movable shafts.

[0014] A cleaning chamber is located at the edge of the sewage treatment tank. The cleaning chamber is connected to an annular trough. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the cleaning chamber and extends to the outside of the sewage treatment tank.

[0015] A drive assembly is provided for driving a movable shaft located inside the cleaning chamber to rotate. The drive assembly includes a second bevel gear disposed in an annular groove, and a first bevel gear meshing with the second bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a guide pipe is connected to the bottom wall of the top of the conveying cylinder, and the bottom end of the guide pipe extends into the filter barrel.

[0017] Preferably, a slide rail is provided on the inner wall of the top of the separation tank, and a slip ring adapted to the slide rail is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the filter tank. Multiple balls are evenly rotatably installed on the slip ring, and the outer wall of the balls is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the slide rail.

[0018] A first motor is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the separation tank, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the filter tank.

[0019] Preferably, a collection hopper is connected to the side wall of the separation barrel, and a slag discharge pipe is connected to the bottom end of the collection hopper. A second spiral conveyor plate is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the separation barrel. The outer wall of the second spiral conveyor plate is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the filter barrel. A disc is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter barrel. The disc is located at the collection hopper and is fitted with the inner wall of the separation barrel.

[0020] Through the above scheme, the filter barrel can perform solid-liquid separation on the soil excavated during shield tunneling. When the first motor is working, it drives the filter barrel to rotate inside the separation barrel. At this time, the filter barrel can rotate along the slip ring via the slide rail. During the rotation of the filter barrel, the ball bearings can reduce the friction between the slide rail and the slip ring, allowing the filter barrel to rotate quickly inside the separation barrel. This accelerates the separation of water in the soil, prevents soil with excessive water from flowing during transportation, and reduces the difficulty of transportation. During the rotation of the filter barrel, the mud clumps on the outer wall of the filter barrel can slide along the second spiral conveyor plate, allowing the dehydrated mud clumps to move into the collection hopper and then fall onto the conveyor belt through the slag discharge pipe. This automatically discharges the mud clumps from the filter barrel, ensuring the capacity of the filter barrel and enabling continuous solid-liquid separation of the soil.

[0021] Preferably, a third motor is also provided inside the sewage treatment tank. The output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the middle position of the connecting shaft. The filter frame is tightly fitted to the bottom wall of the through hole, and filter screens are provided on both filter frames.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom of the sewage treatment tank is also provided with a water storage tank, which is connected to the through hole and the annular groove. A water pump is installed in the water storage tank, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to a drain pipe and a water guide pipe. Solenoid valves are installed on the drain pipe and the water guide pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the drain pipe extends outside the sewage treatment tank, the water guide pipe extends into the cleaning chamber and is fixedly connected to the cleaning rack, the cleaning rack is located directly below the filter rack inside the cleaning chamber, and multiple high-pressure nozzles are evenly fixedly installed on the top wall of the cleaning rack.

[0024] Through the above scheme, the filter screen can filter the sewage in the collection tank, facilitating the reuse of water resources, reducing water waste, being environmentally friendly, and improving economic efficiency. During filtration, when the filter screen at the bottom of the through hole is blocked by sludge, the third motor is started. The third motor drives the connecting shaft to rotate, and the positions of the filter frames at both ends of the connecting shaft can be changed, moving the clean filter screen to the through hole, ensuring the filtration efficiency of sewage. At this time, the blocked filter screen can be moved to the cleaning chamber, and the water pump can introduce clean water from the water storage tank into the high-pressure nozzle. The high-pressure nozzle can wash the blocked filter screen, facilitating the reuse of the filter screen and automatically replacing the filter screen, reducing the workload of the staff and improving work efficiency.

[0025] Preferably, the wastewater treatment tank is further equipped with a fourth motor, the output end of which is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod, and the extended end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the second bevel gear.

[0026] Preferably, the sewage treatment tank is also equipped with a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor, the water pump, the solenoid valve, and the electric telescopic rod.

[0027] Through the above scheme, the electric telescopic rod can drive the second bevel gear to move up and down. When the electric telescopic rod pushes the second bevel gear to move upward, the second bevel gear can move to the position where it meshes with the first bevel gear. At this time, the fourth motor is energized and can drive the second bevel gear at the end of the electric telescopic rod to rotate. At this time, the first bevel gear meshing with the second bevel gear can drive the movable shaft to rotate. At this time, the movable shaft can drive the filter frame to rotate continuously on the connecting shaft. During the rotation of the filter frame, the high-pressure nozzle can wash different positions of the filter screen, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter screen and ensure the filtration effect of the filter screen.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. By setting up a separation component, the filter barrel can perform solid-liquid separation on the soil excavated during shield tunneling. When the first motor is working, it drives the filter barrel to rotate inside the separation barrel. At this time, the filter barrel can rotate along the slip ring via the slide rail. During the rotation of the filter barrel, the ball bearings can reduce the friction between the slide rail and the slip ring, allowing the filter barrel to rotate quickly inside the separation barrel. This accelerates the separation of water in the soil, prevents soil with excessive water from flowing during transportation, and reduces the difficulty of transportation. During the rotation of the filter barrel, the mud clumps on the outer wall of the filter barrel can slide along the second spiral conveyor plate, allowing the dehydrated mud clumps to move into the collection hopper and then fall onto the conveyor belt through the slag discharge pipe. This automatically discharges the mud clumps from the filter barrel, ensuring the capacity of the filter barrel and enabling continuous solid-liquid separation of the soil.

[0030] 2. By setting up a filtration assembly, the filter screen can filter the sewage in the collection tank, facilitating water reuse, reducing water waste, promoting environmental protection, and improving economic efficiency. During filtration, when the filter screen at the bottom of the through hole is blocked by sludge, the third motor is activated. The third motor drives the connecting shaft to rotate, allowing the filter frames at both ends of the connecting shaft to switch positions, moving the clean filter screen to the through hole to ensure sewage filtration efficiency. The blocked filter screen can then be moved to the cleaning chamber, and the water pump can guide the clean water in the storage tank to the high-pressure nozzle, which can flush the blocked filter screen, facilitating reuse of the filter screen and automatically replacing it, reducing the workload of staff and improving work efficiency.

[0031] 3. By setting up a drive assembly, the electric telescopic rod can drive the second bevel gear to move up and down. When the electric telescopic rod pushes the second bevel gear to move upward, the second bevel gear can move to the position where it meshes with the first bevel gear. At this time, the fourth motor is energized and can drive the second bevel gear at the end of the electric telescopic rod to rotate. At this time, the first bevel gear meshing with the second bevel gear can drive the movable shaft to rotate. At this time, the movable shaft can drive the filter frame to rotate continuously on the connecting shaft. During the rotation of the filter frame, the high-pressure nozzle can rinse different positions of the filter screen, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter screen and ensure the filtration effect of the filter screen. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one side of a shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the other side of a shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a side view of a shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sewage treatment tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end of the water guide pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third motor output terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Conveying cylinder; 2. Drive shaft; 3. First motor; 4. Separating barrel; 5. Feed guide pipe; 6. Second motor; 7. Collection hopper; 8. Slag discharge pipe; 9. PLC controller; 10. Sewage discharge pipe; 11. Roller; 12. Sewage treatment tank; 13. Drainage pipe; 14. First spiral conveyor plate; 15. Feed guide hopper; 16. Filter barrel; 17. Cleaning chamber; 18. Water guide pipe; 19. Water pump; 20. Water storage tank; 21. 21. Filter screen; 22. Water collection tank; 23. Disc; 24. Slide rail; 25. Ball bearing; 26. Slip ring; 27. Second spiral conveyor plate; 28. Filter frame; 29. ​​Through hole; 30. Third motor; 31. Annular groove; 32. Solenoid valve; 33. Cleaning frame; 34. High-pressure nozzle; 35. First bevel gear; 36. Connecting shaft; 37. Electric telescopic rod; 38. Fourth motor; 39. Second bevel gear; 40. Movable shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0045] Example: Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, comprising:

[0046] The conveying cylinder 1 has a drive shaft 2 rotatably mounted inside it. The drive shaft 2 is equipped with a first spiral conveying blade 14 that fits against the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 1. The top of the conveying cylinder 1 is also equipped with a second motor 6 that drives the drive shaft 2.

[0047] Separation tank 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of conveying cylinder 1. A guide hopper 15 is connected to the bottom of separation tank 4. Separation tank 4 is equipped with a separation component for solid-liquid separation. The separation component includes a filter tank 16 that is slidably installed in separation tank 4.

[0048] The sewage treatment tank 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying cylinder 1, and a water collection trough 22 connected to the guide hopper 15 is provided inside the sewage treatment tank 12. A through hole 29 is provided at the bottom of the water collection trough 22, and multiple rollers 11 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the sewage treatment tank 12.

[0049] An annular trough 31 is formed inside the sewage treatment tank 12. The annular trough 31 is located below the water collection tank 22. An automatically replaceable filter assembly is provided inside the annular trough 31. The filter assembly includes a connecting shaft 36 rotatably installed inside the annular trough 31. Movable shafts 40 are rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 36. Filter frames 28 are fixedly installed at the ends of the movable shafts 40.

[0050] The cleaning chamber 17 is located at the edge of the sewage treatment tank 12. The cleaning chamber 17 is connected to the annular groove 31. The bottom end of the cleaning chamber 17 is connected to the drain pipe 10, which extends to the outside of the sewage treatment tank 12.

[0051] The drive assembly is used to drive the movable shaft 40 located in the cleaning chamber 17 to rotate. The drive assembly includes a second bevel gear 39 disposed in the annular groove 31, and a first bevel gear 35 that meshes with the second bevel gear 39 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable shaft 40.

[0052] A guide pipe 5 is connected to the bottom wall at the top of the conveying cylinder 1, and the bottom end of the guide pipe 5 extends into the filter barrel 16.

[0053] A slide rail 24 is provided on the inner wall of the top of the separation tank 4, and a slip ring 26 adapted to the slide rail 24 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the filter tank 16. Multiple balls 25 are evenly rotated on the slip ring 26, and the outer wall of the balls 25 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the slide rail 24.

[0054] A first motor 3 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the separation tank 4, and the output end of the first motor 3 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the filter tank 16.

[0055] A collection hopper 7 is connected to the side wall of the separation tank 4, and a slag discharge pipe 8 is connected to the bottom end of the collection hopper 7. A second spiral conveyor plate 27 is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the separation tank 4. The outer wall of the second spiral conveyor plate 27 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the filter tank 16. A disc 23 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter tank 16. The disc 23 is located at the collection hopper 7 and is fitted with the inner wall of the separation tank 4.

[0056] In this embodiment, during use, the filter bucket 16 can perform solid-liquid separation on the soil excavated during shield tunneling. When the first motor 3 is working, it drives the filter bucket 16 to rotate inside the separation bucket 4. At this time, the filter bucket 16 can rotate along the slip ring 26 via the slide rail 24. During the rotation of the filter bucket 16, the ball bearings 25 can reduce the friction between the slide rail 24 and the slip ring 26, enabling the filter bucket 16 to rotate quickly inside the separation bucket 4. This accelerates the separation of water in the soil, prevents soil with excessive water from flowing during transportation, and reduces the difficulty of transportation. During the rotation of the filter bucket 16, the mud lumps on the outer wall of the filter bucket 16 can slide along the second spiral conveyor plate 27, allowing the dehydrated mud lumps to move into the collection hopper 7 and further fall onto the conveyor belt through the slag discharge pipe 8. This automatically discharges the mud lumps from the filter bucket 16, ensuring the capacity of the filter bucket 16 and enabling continuous solid-liquid separation of the soil.

[0057] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 7-10 The sewage treatment tank 12 is also equipped with a third motor 30. The output end of the third motor 30 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the connecting shaft 36. The filter frame 28 is tightly fitted to the bottom wall of the through hole 29. Filter screens 21 are installed on both filter frames 28.

[0058] The bottom of the sewage treatment tank 12 is also provided with a water storage tank 20. The water storage tank 20 is connected to the through hole 29 and the annular groove 31. A water pump 19 is installed in the water storage tank 20. The outlet of the water pump 19 is connected to a drain pipe 13 and a water guide pipe 18. Solenoid valves 32 are installed on both the drain pipe 13 and the water guide pipe 18.

[0059] The drain pipe 13 extends to the outside of the sewage treatment tank 12, and the water guide pipe 18 extends into the cleaning chamber 17 and is fixedly connected to the cleaning rack 33. The cleaning rack 33 is located directly below the filter rack 28 inside the cleaning chamber 17, and multiple high-pressure nozzles 34 are evenly fixedly installed on the top wall of the cleaning rack 33.

[0060] In this embodiment, during use, the filter screen 21 can filter the sewage in the water collection tank 22, facilitating the reuse of water resources, reducing water waste, being environmentally friendly, and improving economic efficiency. During filtration, when the filter screen 21 at the bottom of the through hole 29 is blocked by sludge, the third motor 30 is started. The third motor 30 can drive the connecting shaft 36 to rotate, and the positions of the filter frames 28 at both ends of the connecting shaft 36 can be changed, moving the clean filter screen 21 to the through hole 29, ensuring the filtration efficiency of sewage. At this time, the blocked filter screen 21 can be moved into the cleaning chamber 17, and the water pump 19 can introduce the clean water in the water storage tank 20 into the high-pressure nozzle 34. The high-pressure nozzle 34 can rinse the blocked filter screen 21, facilitating the reuse of the filter screen 21 and automatically replacing the filter screen 21, reducing the workload of the staff and improving work efficiency.

[0061] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 9-10 The sewage treatment tank 12 is also equipped with a fourth motor 38. The output end of the fourth motor 38 is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod 37. The extended end of the electric telescopic rod 37 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the second bevel gear 39.

[0062] The sewage treatment tank 12 is also equipped with a PLC controller 9, which is electrically connected to the first motor 3, the second motor 6, the third motor 30, the fourth motor 38, the water pump 19, the solenoid valve 32, and the electric telescopic rod 37.

[0063] In this embodiment, during cleaning, the electric telescopic rod 37 can drive the second bevel gear 39 to move up and down. When the electric telescopic rod 37 pushes the second bevel gear 39 to move upward, the second bevel gear 39 can move to a position where it meshes with the first bevel gear 35. At this time, the fourth motor 38 is energized and can drive the second bevel gear 39 at the end of the electric telescopic rod 37 to rotate. At this time, the first bevel gear 35 meshing with the second bevel gear 39 can drive the movable shaft 40 to rotate. At this time, the movable shaft 40 can drive the filter frame 28 to rotate continuously on the connecting shaft 36. During the rotation of the filter frame 28, the high-pressure nozzle 34 can rinse different positions of the filter screen 21, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter screen 21 and ensure the filtration effect of the filter screen 21.

[0064] Working principle: First, the second motor 6 is started by the PLC controller 9. The second motor 6 drives the transmission shaft 2 to rotate inside the conveying cylinder 1. At this time, the first spiral conveying blade 14 on the outside of the transmission shaft 2 can transport the soil excavated by the tunnel boring machine, allowing the soil to enter the filter bucket 16 along the guide pipe 5. The filter bucket 16 can perform solid-liquid separation on the soil excavated during the tunnel boring machine construction. When the first motor 3 is working, it drives the filter bucket 16 to rotate inside the separation bucket 4. At this time, the filter bucket 16 can rotate along the slip ring 26 via the slide rail 24. During the rotation of the filter bucket 16, the ball bearing 25 can reduce the friction between the slide rail 24 and the slip ring 26, enabling the filter bucket 16 to rotate rapidly inside the separation bucket 4, which can accelerate the separation of the soil. The water separation process prevents excessively moist soil from flowing during transport, reducing transport difficulty. During the rotation of the filter bucket 16, the mud clumps on its outer wall slide along the second spiral conveyor plate 27, allowing the dehydrated mud clumps to move into the collection hopper 7. From there, they fall onto the conveyor belt through the slag discharge pipe 8, automatically discharging the mud clumps from the filter bucket 16. This ensures the filter bucket 16 retains its capacity and allows for continuous solid-liquid separation of the soil. The separated wastewater flows through the guide hopper 15 into the water collection trough 22, and then flows downwards through the through-hole 29. The filter screen 21 filters the wastewater in the water collection trough 22, facilitating water reuse, reducing water waste, and promoting environmental friendliness. To improve economic efficiency, during filtration, when the filter screen 21 at the bottom of the through hole 29 is blocked by sludge, the third motor 30 is activated. The third motor 30 drives the connecting shaft 36 to rotate, allowing the filter frames 28 at both ends of the connecting shaft 36 to switch positions, moving the clean filter screen 21 to the through hole 29, ensuring the filtration efficiency of the wastewater. The blocked filter screen 21 can then be moved into the cleaning chamber 17, and the water pump 19 can guide the clean water from the water storage tank 20 to the high-pressure nozzle 34. The high-pressure nozzle 34 can then flush the blocked filter screen 21, facilitating its reuse and automatic replacement. This reduces the workload of workers and improves work efficiency. When the electric telescopic rod 37 drives the second bevel gear 39 to move up and down, the second bevel gear 39 moves to a position where it meshes with the first bevel gear 35. At this time, the fourth motor 38 is energized and drives the second bevel gear 39 at the end of the electric telescopic rod 37 to rotate. The first bevel gear 35, which meshes with the second bevel gear 39, drives the movable shaft 40 to rotate. The movable shaft 40 drives the filter frame 28 to rotate continuously on the connecting shaft 36. During the rotation of the filter frame 28, the high-pressure nozzle 34 can rinse different positions of the filter screen 21, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter screen 21 and ensure the filtration effect of the filter screen 21.

[0065] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments, characterized in that, include: The conveying cylinder (1) has a drive shaft (2) rotatably installed inside it. The drive shaft (2) is provided with a first spiral conveying plate (14) that fits against the inner wall of the conveying cylinder (1). The top of the conveying cylinder (1) is also provided with a second motor (6) that drives the drive shaft (2). A separation tank (4) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the conveying cylinder (1). A guide hopper (15) is connected to the bottom of the separation tank (4). A separation component for solid-liquid separation is provided inside the separation tank (4). The separation component includes a filter tank (16) that is slidably installed inside the separation tank (4). The sewage treatment tank (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying cylinder (1), and a water collection trough (22) connected to the guide hopper (15) is provided inside the sewage treatment tank (12). A through hole (29) is provided at the bottom of the water collection trough (22), and multiple rollers (11) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the sewage treatment tank (12). An annular trough (31) is formed inside the sewage treatment tank (12). The annular trough (31) is located below the water collection tank (22). An automatically replaceable filter assembly is provided inside the annular trough (31). The filter assembly includes a connecting shaft (36) rotatably installed inside the annular trough (31). Movable shafts (40) are rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting shaft (36). Filter frames (28) are fixedly installed at the ends of the movable shafts (40). A cleaning chamber (17) is located at the edge of the sewage treatment tank (12). The cleaning chamber (17) is connected to the annular groove (31). A drain pipe (10) is connected to the bottom of the cleaning chamber (17). The drain pipe (10) extends to the outside of the sewage treatment tank (12). The drive assembly is used to drive the rotating movable shaft (40) located in the cleaning chamber (17). The drive assembly includes a second bevel gear (39) disposed in an annular groove (31). A first bevel gear (35) meshing with the second bevel gear (39) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable shaft (40). A guide pipe (5) is connected to the bottom wall at the top of the conveying cylinder (1), and the bottom end of the guide pipe (5) extends into the filter barrel (16). A slide rail (24) is provided on the inner wall of the top of the separation tank (4), and a slip ring (26) adapted to the slide rail (24) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the filter tank (16). Multiple balls (25) are evenly rotated on the slip ring (26), and the outer wall of the balls (25) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the slide rail (24). A first motor (3) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the separation tank (4), and the output end of the first motor (3) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the filter tank (16). The upper part of the side wall of the separation bucket (4) is connected to a collection hopper (7), and the bottom end of the collection hopper (7) is connected to a slag discharge pipe (8). A second spiral conveyor plate (27) is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the separation bucket (4). The outer wall of the second spiral conveyor plate (27) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the filter bucket (16). A disc (23) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter bucket (16). The disc (23) is located at the collection hopper (7), and the disc (23) is fitted with the inner wall of the separation bucket (4).

2. The shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage treatment tank (12) is also equipped with a third motor (30). The output end of the third motor (30) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the connecting shaft (36). The filter frame (28) is tightly fitted to the bottom wall of the through hole (29). Both filter frames (28) are equipped with filter screens (21).

3. A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the sewage treatment tank (12) is also provided with a water storage tank (20). The water storage tank (20) is connected to the through hole (29) and the annular groove (31). A water pump (19) is installed in the water storage tank (20). The outlet of the water pump (19) is connected to a drain pipe (13) and a water guide pipe (18). Solenoid valves (32) are installed on both the drain pipe (13) and the water guide pipe (18).

4. A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drain pipe (13) extends to the outside of the sewage treatment tank (12), and the water guide pipe (18) extends to the cleaning chamber (17) and is fixedly connected to the cleaning rack (33). The cleaning rack (33) is located directly below the filter rack (28) inside the cleaning chamber (17). Multiple high-pressure nozzles (34) are evenly fixedly installed on the top wall of the cleaning rack (33).

5. A shield tunneling device suitable for karst environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage treatment tank (12) is also equipped with a fourth motor (38), and the output end of the fourth motor (38) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (37). The extended end of the electric telescopic rod (37) is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the second bevel gear (39).

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