Method for realizing wide-load soft combustion of hydrogen fuel

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for realizing wide-load soft combustion of hydrogen fuel, and uses high-temperature combustion gas generated by catalytic combustion as jet gas of a soft combustion chamber, improves the temperature of reactants in the soft combustion chamber, reduces the dependence of soft combustion on backflow flue gas, expands the stable operation interval of soft combustion, and realizes wide-load soft combustion of hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen is a carbon-free energy carrier and an important fuel for realizing decarbonization and emission reduction in the gas turbine industry. However, hydrogen has the characteristics of high adiabatic flame temperature and superior diffusion, which leads to problems such as high NOx emission, easy hot sound oscillation and easy backfire when hydrogen is used as the fuel of a gas turbine. Soft combustion can realize low NOx emission of hydrogen fuel and solve problems such as hot sound oscillation and backfire, but the performance deteriorates seriously under variable load conditions, and cannot meet the requirements of wide-load gas turbines. The application improves the variable condition performance of soft combustion through catalytic combustion, realizes high efficiency and low NOx emission combustion of hydrogen fuel under wide-load conditions, and effectively solves problems such as high NOx emission, easy hot sound oscillation and easy backfire in hydrogen combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel combustion technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen is a clean energy source, and the gradual transition from blended hydrogen to pure hydrogen fuel is an inevitable choice for achieving deep decarbonization of gas turbines. To achieve low NOx emissions, the mainstream combustion technology for current gas turbines is the lean premixed system, which operates near the lean limit and is prone to combustion instability. Compared to natural gas, hydrogen burns faster, has a shorter ignition delay time, and a higher volumetric calorific value. This makes lean premixed systems highly susceptible to combustion instability phenomena such as thermoacoustic oscillations and backfire when using hydrogen fuel, affecting the normal operation of the system equipment.

[0003] Diluted diffusion combustion can solve safety issues such as hydrogen fuel backfire and spontaneous combustion, but it has significant drawbacks: efficiency is lower compared to gas turbine systems without dilution; NOx emissions are higher, combustion noise is greater, and system complexity is higher compared to lean premixed systems, resulting in higher capital and operating costs.

[0004] The characteristics of gentle combustion are that the inlet temperature of the reactants is higher than the auto-ignition point, while the combustion temperature rise is lower than the auto-ignition point. Within the combustion space, there is no significant flame front, reactants are evenly distributed, and the combustion temperature rise is small. Therefore, the combustion temperature is low and the combustion surface is diffuse, resulting in very low NOx emissions and noise. Non-premixed combustion can be used, avoiding combustion instability phenomena such as backfire and thermoacoustic oscillations. The combustion chamber and outlet temperature quality are high, with no ultra-high temperature regions and a low maximum temperature point. This significantly reduces the thermal stress on the combustion chamber and turbine blades, reducing the need for combustion chamber cooling and improving turbine blade life.

[0005] In theory, the NOx emissions from mild combustion are an order of magnitude lower than those from axial staged combustion, and there are no issues such as backfire caused by flame propagation. However, under varying load conditions, mild combustion performance deteriorates, NOx emissions surge, and the stable operating range of mild combustion is narrow. This is because mild combustion often employs a fuel gas / flue gas recirculation method to complete all processes such as combustible mixture dilution, combustion, and fuel gas generation, and is significantly affected by the flue gas recirculation ratio and blending efficiency.

[0006] Catalytic combustion is a complex physicochemical process that occurs on the surface of a catalyst. Catalysts lower the activation energy of fuel, enabling low-temperature combustion and low NOx emissions; combustion occurs on the catalyst surface, accommodating a wide range of fuel concentrations and facilitating control. In existing catalytic combustion gas turbine technologies, the catalytic combustion chamber is a monolithic reactor with wall-supported noble metal catalysts; fuel first enters the monolithic reactor and then undergoes homogeneous combustion in a conventional combustion chamber. Therefore, catalytic combustion technology mainly suffers from problems such as high pressure loss in monolithic reactors, high cost of noble metal catalysts, and susceptibility to sintering and deactivation; the lack of control technology for homogeneous combustion leads to high NOx emissions.

[0007] Therefore, although hydrogen is a carbon-free energy carrier, its use as fuel in gas turbines presents problems such as high NOx emissions, thermoacoustic oscillations, and backfire. While gentle combustion can achieve low NOx emissions from hydrogen fuel and resolve issues like thermoacoustic oscillations and backfire, its performance deteriorates significantly under varying load conditions, making it unsuitable for the wide-load operation requirements of hydrogen gas turbines. Currently, no descriptions or reports of technologies similar to this invention have been found, and no similar domestic or international data have been collected.

[0008] Patent document CN114110658A uses an integral reactor as the main body. The gas and fuel need to be mixed before entering the reactor channel. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to scenarios that require low pressure loss, such as the combustion chamber of aero engines and heavy gas turbines. As the pressure ratio increases, there is a risk of combustion during the mixing process. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for the smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel under wide operating conditions, improving the variable-condition performance of smooth hydrogen fuel combustion. The main body employs a micro-mixer combustor, where fuel and air enter the micro-mixer channel via corresponding channels on a distribution plate for mixing and combustion.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for the mild combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load is provided, comprising:

[0011] A portion of the supplied hydrogen fuel is obtained and enters the fuel channel of the distribution plate, flowing into the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner; a portion of the compressed air is obtained and enters the air channel of the distribution plate, flowing into the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner.

[0012] The gas is mixed and catalytically combusted in the micro-mixer burner channel to generate first-stage high-temperature fuel gas;

[0013] The first-stage high-temperature fuel gas is entrained and mixed with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air in the gentle combustion chamber, and then gently combusted to generate the second-stage high-temperature fuel gas.

[0014] The second-stage high-temperature gas is output to power the turbine, completing the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel.

[0015] Preferably, the process of obtaining a portion of hydrogen fuel from the fuel supply system and uniformly mixing it with a portion of compressed air includes:

[0016] A portion of the supplied hydrogen fuel is obtained and enters the fuel channel of the distribution plate; a portion of the compressed air is obtained and enters the air channel of the distribution plate.

[0017] in:

[0018] The hydrogen fuel accounts for 20-50% of the fuel flow rate;

[0019] The compressed air accounts for 50-70% of the airflow.

[0020] The mixing ratio of hydrogen fuel and compressed air is 1:30 to 1:90;

[0021] The temperature of the compressed air is higher than the catalytic ignition temperature of the hydrogen fuel.

[0022] Preferably, the step of entraining and mixing the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air includes:

[0023] The high-temperature gas generated in the micro-hybrid burner is entrained, mixed, and diluted with the remaining hydrogen fuel and remaining compressed air, and the mixed gas and fuel are uniformly distributed in the combustion space; wherein:

[0024] The remaining hydrogen fuel accounts for 50-80% of the fuel flow rate;

[0025] The remaining compressed air accounts for 30-50% of the airflow.

[0026] The mixing ratio of the first-stage high-temperature gas, hydrogen fuel, and compressed air is 31:1:30 to 91:1:90.

[0027] The temperature of the blended gas is higher than the auto-ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel.

[0028] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel includes: hydrogen-rich fuel, pure hydrogen fuel, and / or hydrogen-based fuel.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature at which the high-temperature gas is generated in the micro-mixer is 1000–1300 K.

[0030] Preferably, the temperature at which the high-temperature gas is generated in the mild combustion chamber is 1500–1900 K.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present invention, a hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion device is provided, comprising a distribution plate, a micro-hybrid burner, and a mild combustion chamber connected in sequence; wherein:

[0032] The distribution plate is used to obtain a portion of the hydrogen fuel and a portion of the compressed air from the supply fuel, and to uniformly deliver the corresponding gases to each channel of the micro-mixer;

[0033] The micro-hybrid burner is used to obtain hydrogen fuel and incoming air from the fuel distribution plate and perform catalytic combustion to generate high-temperature gas;

[0034] The gentle combustion chamber is used to obtain the first-stage high-temperature gas, the remaining hydrogen fuel, and the remaining compressed air, and to entrain and mix them; the mixed gas is then gently combusted to generate high-temperature gas, which enters the turbine to do work.

[0035] Preferably, the microchannels are arranged in parallel, consisting of hundreds of independent microchannels connected by a support disk. The support disk also serves to distribute fuel, delivering an appropriate amount of fuel to each microchannel. The microchannels have a ring-shaped structure, with a catalyst loaded on the inner wall. No combustion occurs between the inner and outer walls, serving as a cooling airflow channel.

[0036] Preferably, it further includes a fuel supply system and a compressor; wherein:

[0037] The fuel supply system and compressor are connected to the distribution plate and the soft combustion chamber, respectively, to provide hydrogen fuel and compressed air.

[0038] Preferably, the mixed gas is uniformly distributed within the gentle combustion chamber.

[0039] Preferably, the portion of hydrogen fuel accounts for 20-50% of the fuel flow rate;

[0040] The compressed air accounts for 50-70% of the airflow.

[0041] Preferably, the remaining hydrogen fuel accounts for 50-80% of the fuel flow rate;

[0042] The remaining compressed air accounts for 30-50% of the airflow.

[0043] Preferably, the temperature at which the high-temperature gas is generated in the micro-mixer is 1000–1300 K.

[0044] Preferably, the temperature at which the high-temperature gas is generated in the mild combustion chamber is 1500–1900 K.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0046] The hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method and combustion device provided by the present invention improves the mild combustion variable operating condition performance through catalytic combustion, and achieves stable operation under wide loads.

[0047] The hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method and combustion device provided by this invention fully combine the advantages of catalytic combustion and mild combustion, effectively solving the NO problem in hydrogen combustion. x Addressing issues such as high emissions, susceptibility to thermoacoustic oscillations, and susceptibility to backfire, the goal is to achieve high efficiency and low NO content in hydrogen fuel. x Combustion of emissions helps solve end-use problems in hydrogen energy utilization.

[0048] The hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method and combustion device provided by this invention involves a portion of the fuel and a portion of the air mixing, followed by catalytic combustion to produce medium-high temperature fuel gas, which replaces the flue gas in traditional mild combustion. This process is unaffected by flue gas recirculation and maintains the variable operating condition performance of mild combustion. The high-temperature fuel gas produced by catalytic combustion is entrained, mixed, and diluted with the remaining air and hydrogen fuel, achieving mild combustion and providing high-quality fuel gas for turbine work.

[0049] The hydrogen fuel wide-load gentle combustion method and combustion device provided by this invention can be effectively applied to fields such as thermal power generation, aero engines and gas turbines. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen fuel wide-load gentle combustion method in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a hydrogen fuel wide-load gentle combustion device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] In the diagram, 1 is the distribution plate, 2 is the micro-hybrid burner channel, 2a is the fuel inlet, 3 is the mild combustion chamber, 4 is the fuel supply system, 5 is the compressor, and 5a is the air inlet. The main structure of the micro-hybrid burner consists of the distribution plate 1 and the micro-hybrid burner channel 2. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below: These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 1 A flowchart of a hydrogen fuel wide-load gentle combustion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0059] S100: Obtain a portion of the hydrogen fuel from the supplied fuel and send it into the fuel channel of the distribution plate; obtain a portion of the compressed air and send it into the air channel of the distribution plate;

[0060] S200, the above-mentioned hydrogen and compressed air are mixed in the micro-mixer burner channel and catalytically combusted to generate the first-stage high-temperature gas;

[0061] The S300 system involves entraining and mixing the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air in a gentle combustion chamber, and then performing gentle combustion to generate the second-stage high-temperature fuel gas.

[0062] The S400 outputs a second-stage high-temperature gas to power the turbine, completing the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel.

[0063] In S100 of this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, a portion of hydrogen fuel is obtained from the fuel supply system and uniformly mixed with a portion of compressed air, including:

[0064] A portion of the supplied hydrogen fuel is obtained and enters the fuel channel of the distribution plate, flowing into the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner; a portion of the compressed air is obtained and enters the air channel of the distribution plate, flowing into the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner.

[0065] in:

[0066] Hydrogen fuel accounts for 20-50% of the fuel flow;

[0067] Compressed air accounts for 50-70% of the airflow.

[0068] The mixing ratio of hydrogen fuel and compressed air is 1:30 to 1:90;

[0069] The temperature of compressed air is higher than the catalytic ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel.

[0070] In S300 of this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas is entrained and mixed with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air, including:

[0071] The high-temperature fuel gas produced by the first-stage catalytic combustion is entrained, mixed, and diluted with the remaining hydrogen fuel and remaining compressed air, ensuring that the mixed gas and fuel are uniformly distributed within the combustion space; wherein:

[0072] The remaining hydrogen fuel accounts for 50-80% of the fuel flow;

[0073] The remaining compressed air accounts for 30-50% of the airflow.

[0074] The mixing ratio of the first-stage high-temperature gas, hydrogen fuel, and compressed air is 31:1:30 to 91:1:90.

[0075] The temperature of the blended gas is higher than the auto-ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel.

[0076] In this embodiment, as a specific application example, hydrogen fuel includes: hydrogen-rich fuel, pure hydrogen fuel, and / or hydrogen-based fuel.

[0077] In this embodiment, as a specific application example, the temperature of the first-stage high-temperature gas is 1000-1300K.

[0078] In this embodiment, as a specific application example, the temperature of the second-stage high-temperature gas is 1500–1900 K.

[0079] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for the smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range, the method comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1, a portion of hydrogen fuel (accounting for 50% of the fuel flow) and a portion of compressed air (accounting for 50% of the air flow) supplied by the fuel supply system enter the corresponding distribution plate channel and are then transported to each micro-mixing channel for mixing; wherein, the ambient temperature is 293K, the compressor pressure ratio is 23, and the temperature of the air after compression by the compressor is approximately 786K;

[0081] S2, the mixed gas (temperature about 786K) enters the catalytic combustion section to undergo catalytic combustion, generating the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas at a temperature of 1000K;

[0082] S3, this part of the first-stage high-temperature gas enters the gentle combustion section, where it is entrained and mixed with the remaining hydrogen fuel (accounting for 50% of the fuel flow) and the remaining compressed air after being compressed by the compressor (accounting for 50% of the air flow), and gentle combustion occurs to generate the second-stage high-temperature gas at a temperature of 1600K.

[0083] S4: High-temperature gas is input into the turbine to perform work, completing the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel under the design load conditions.

[0084] When the load changes, repeat steps S1 to S4, but the specific parameters will change. For example, let's take a pressure ratio of 13 as an example:

[0085] S1, a portion of hydrogen fuel (accounting for 70% of the fuel flow) and a portion of compressed air (accounting for 30% of the air flow) supplied by the fuel supply system enter the corresponding flow channel of the distribution plate and are then delivered to each micro-mixing channel for mixing; wherein, the ambient temperature is 293K, the compressor pressure ratio is 13, and the temperature of the air after compression by the compressor is about 665K.

[0086] S2, the mixed gas (temperature about 665K) undergoes catalytic combustion in the catalytic combustion section to generate the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas at a temperature of 1000K;

[0087] S3, this part of the first-stage high-temperature gas enters the gentle combustion section, where it is entrained and mixed with the remaining hydrogen fuel (accounting for 30% of the fuel flow) and the remaining compressed air after being compressed by the compressor (accounting for 70% of the air flow), and gentle combustion occurs to generate the second-stage high-temperature gas at a temperature of 1300K.

[0088] S4: High-temperature gas is input into the turbine to perform work, completing the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel under wide load conditions.

[0089] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method provided in this preferred embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 1.1, Air intake step: Hydrogen fuel is supplied by the fuel supply system, and compressed air is supplied by the compressor.

[0091] Hydrogen fuels refer to hydrogen-rich fuels (hydrogen volume concentration of 30-100%), pure hydrogen fuels, and hydrogen-based fuels, such as ammonia and methanol.

[0092] Step 1.2, Mixing Step: A portion of compressed air and a portion of hydrogen fuel enter the corresponding flow channel of the distribution plate and mix in the micro-mixer burner channel (mixing ratio: 1:70) to form a mixed gas.

[0093] The temperature of the air after being compressed by the compressor rises above the catalytic ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel, which is a necessary condition for catalytic combustion to occur.

[0094] Step 2, Catalytic Combustion Step: After steps 1.1 and 1.2, the mixture of hydrogen fuel and compressed air undergoes catalytic combustion in the catalytic combustion section, producing the first-stage high-temperature gas.

[0095] Step 3, the gentle combustion step: After step 2, the first-stage high-temperature gas enters the gentle combustion chamber and is mixed with the remaining compressed air and hydrogen fuel (mixing ratio: 71:1:70). The mixed gas is distributed as evenly as possible within the volume space of the gentle combustion chamber.

[0096] The higher temperature of the blended gas, exceeding the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel, is a necessary condition for achieving gentle combustion, thus resulting in low NO levels. x Emission targets.

[0097] Step 4, the exhaust gas step: After step 3, the hydrogen fuel has achieved the goal of high-temperature and low-emission combustion. The generated second-stage high-temperature gas leaves the mild combustion chamber (i.e., leaves the combustion zone), completing the mild combustion of hydrogen fuel.

[0098] The exhaust of the second-stage high-temperature gas provides sufficient conditions for the turbine to do work.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0100] Hydrogen fuel and compressed air are distributed to the micro-hybrid burner and the mild combustion chamber in a certain ratio (e.g., 1:70, of course, the mixing ratio can be from 1:30 to 1:90). This ratio can be adjusted according to the actual operation and control needs.

[0101] Air is compressed to 12–25 bar in the compressor, and the temperature of the compressed air rises to 645–806 K, which is higher than the catalytic ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel, thus achieving catalytic combustion. Load adjustment should ensure that the compressor pressure ratio is not lower than 12; otherwise, catalytic combustion in the micro-hybrid combustor cannot be guaranteed, making it difficult to achieve smooth combustion over a wide load range.

[0102] The above-mentioned compressed air (645-806K), hydrogen fuel, and first-stage high-temperature gas (1000-1300K) are mixed in a certain proportion (e.g., 71:1:70, of course, the mixing ratio can be from 31:1:30 to 91:1:90). The gas temperature is high, which is higher than the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel (845K), so that gentle combustion can be achieved.

[0103] A portion of the fuel and air undergoes catalytic combustion. The high-temperature combustion gas produced replaces the flue gas from traditional gentle combustion, which is beneficial for the good variable operating conditions of gentle combustion. The high-temperature combustion gas produced by catalytic combustion is mixed with the remaining air and fuel to achieve gentle combustion, providing high-quality combustion gas for turbine work.

[0104] Figure 2 A hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion device provided in one embodiment of the present invention may include: a distribution plate 1, a micro-hybrid burner channel 2, and a mild combustion chamber 3 connected in sequence. Wherein:

[0105] Distribution plate 1 is used to obtain a portion of hydrogen fuel and compressed air and deliver them to the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner for mixing;

[0106] Micro-mixer burner channel 2 is used to obtain the mixed gas and perform catalytic combustion to generate the first-stage high-temperature fuel gas;

[0107] The gentle combustion chamber 3 is used to obtain and mix the first-stage high-temperature gas, a portion of the remaining hydrogen fuel, and compressed air; the mixed gas is then gently combusted to generate the second-stage high-temperature gas.

[0108] In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the micro-mixer burner channel 2 is mainly composed of multiple directly annular micro-channels arranged side by side at intervals, with an inner diameter of 2 to 10 mm. The inner tube wall is loaded with a catalyst, and the length between the inner and outer tube walls is 2 to 5 mm. No combustion occurs in the channel, which serves as a cooling airflow channel.

[0109] In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, it may further include a fuel supply system 4 and a compressor 5; wherein:

[0110] The fuel supply system 4 and the compressor 5 are respectively connected to the distribution plate 1 and the soft combustion chamber 3.

[0111] In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the mixed gas is uniformly distributed within the gentle combustion chamber 3.

[0112] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a hydrogen fuel wide-load gentle combustion device provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0113] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion device includes a distribution plate 1, a micro-hybrid burner channel 2, a mild combustion chamber 3, a fuel supply system 4, and a compressor 5; wherein:

[0114] Of the hydrogen fuel f provided by fuel supply system 4, a portion of hydrogen fuel f2 participates in catalytic combustion, while the remaining portion of hydrogen fuel f1 participates in gentle combustion.

[0115] A portion of the compressed air a1 provided by compressor 5 participates in catalytic combustion, while the remaining portion of compressed air a2 participates in gentle combustion.

[0116] The output of the second-stage high-temperature gas g is used for turbine work.

[0117] In some embodiments of the present invention:

[0118] The output interface of the distribution panel 1 is connected to the micro-hybrid burner channel 2, and the output interface of the micro-hybrid burner channel 2 is connected to the gentle combustion chamber 3.

[0119] Hydrogen fuels are hydrogen and related fuels, such as hydrogen-rich fuels, pure hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol.

[0120] The combustion chamber adopts a staged combustion method. The first stage is a micro-mixer burner channel 2, which consists of multiple parallel, direct annular micro-channels with an inner diameter of 2 to 10 mm and a catalyst loaded on the inner tube wall. The second stage is a gentle combustion chamber 3.

[0121] The hydrogen fuel wide-load mild combustion method and combustion device provided in the above embodiments of the present invention achieve high-efficiency and low-NOx combustion of hydrogen fuel by successively using catalytic combustion and mild combustion technologies. x Emissions objectives; This incorporates the sequential action of two-stage combustion—catalytic combustion and mild combustion—effectively addressing the NO emission issues from hydrogen combustion. x Addressing issues such as high emissions, susceptibility to thermoacoustic oscillations, and susceptibility to backfire, the goal is to achieve high efficiency and low NO content in hydrogen fuel. x Emission combustion helps solve end-use problems in hydrogen energy utilization; a portion of the fuel and air mix and undergo catalytic combustion first. The high-temperature gas produced by catalytic combustion forms a stable ignition source, replacing the flue gas in traditional mild combustion, which is beneficial for the good variable operating conditions of mild combustion. The high-temperature gas produced by catalytic combustion is entrained, mixed, and diluted with the remaining air and fuel to achieve mild combustion, providing high-quality gas for turbine work; it can be effectively applied in fields such as thermal power generation, aero engines, and gas turbines.

[0122] It should be noted that the steps in the method provided by the present invention can be implemented using corresponding components in the device. Those skilled in the art can refer to the technical solution of the device to implement the steps of the method. That is, the embodiments in the device can be understood as preferred examples of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0123] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen fuel is obtained from the supply fuel and flows into the various channels of the micro-hybrid burner through the fuel flow channel of the distribution plate; Compressed air from the supplied fuel is obtained, flows through the air channel of the distribution plate, and enters each channel of the micro-mixer burner; The hydrogen fuel and compressed air are mixed in the micro-mixer combustor channel and catalytically combusted on the catalyst surface to generate high-temperature fuel gas, which then enters the mild combustion chamber. The micro-mixer combustor is composed of several independent microchannels arranged in parallel, which are connected by a support plate. The support plate is also used to distribute fuel, delivering an appropriate amount of fuel to each microchannel. The microchannels have a ring-shaped structure and the inner wall is loaded with catalyst. The high-temperature gas, along with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air, is introduced into the gentle combustion chamber. The airflow is rationally organized to induce entrainment and mixing, and gentle combustion is carried out. The output high-temperature gas is used to do work in the turbine, thus completing the gentle combustion of hydrogen fuel. When the load changes, the fuel and airflow ratio in the micro-hybrid burner is adjusted according to the load to ensure that catalytic combustion occurs stably in the micro-hybrid burner, so that the high-temperature gas generated by catalytic combustion is sufficient to maintain gentle combustion.

2. The method for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range according to claim 1, characterized in that, A portion of the supplied hydrogen fuel is obtained and enters the fuel channel of the distribution plate; a portion of compressed air is obtained and enters the air channel of the distribution plate; wherein: The aforementioned portion of hydrogen fuel accounts for 20-50% of the hydrogen fuel flow rate; The compressed air accounts for 50-70% of the airflow. The mixing ratio of hydrogen fuel and compressed air is 1:30 to 1:

90.

3. The method for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature combustion gas is entrained and mixed with the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air in a gentle combustion chamber, including: The high-temperature fuel gas generated by the catalytic combustion is entrained, mixed, and diluted with the remaining hydrogen fuel and remaining compressed air, and the mixed gas and fuel are uniformly distributed within the combustion space; wherein: The remaining hydrogen fuel accounts for 50-80% of the fuel flow rate; The remaining compressed air accounts for 30-50% of the airflow. The mixing ratio of the high-temperature combustion gas, hydrogen fuel, and compressed air generated by the catalytic combustion is 31:1:30 to 91:1:

90. The temperature of the blended gas is higher than the auto-ignition temperature of hydrogen fuel.

4. The method for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuels include: hydrogen-rich fuels, pure hydrogen fuels, and / or hydrogen-based fuels.

5. The method for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature at which the catalytic combustion generates high-temperature gas is 1000~1300K; The temperature at which the gentle combustion generates high-temperature gas is 1500~1900K.

6. A device for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel over a wide load range, characterized in that, It includes a distribution plate, a micro-hybrid burner, and a gentle combustion chamber connected in sequence; wherein: The distribution plate is used to obtain a portion of the hydrogen fuel and a portion of the compressed air from the supplied fuel, and to send an appropriate amount of fuel and air into each micro-mixing channel for mixing through the corresponding flow channel. The micro-mixer burner is composed of parallel, independent microchannels connected by a support disk. The support disk is used to distribute fuel, delivering an appropriate amount of fuel to each microchannel. The microchannels are annular structures with catalysts loaded on their inner walls to obtain mixed gases and perform catalytic combustion, generating first-stage high-temperature fuel gas. The gentle combustion chamber is used to obtain the high-temperature gas generated by the catalytic combustion, the remaining hydrogen fuel and the remaining compressed air, organize the airflow and perform entrainment and mixing; the mixed gas is gently combusted to generate a second-stage high-temperature gas, which enters the turbine to do work.

7. The device for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel under wide loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the fuel supply system and the compressor; among which: The fuel supply system and compressor are connected to the micro-hybrid burner and the soft combustion chamber, respectively, to provide hydrogen fuel and compressed air.

8. The device for achieving smooth combustion of hydrogen fuel under wide loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mixed gas is evenly distributed in the gentle combustion chamber.

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