Ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function integration and preparation method

Abstract

The application provides a ceramic cutter with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function integration and a preparation method, which comprises a temperature measurement and ceramic matrix layer; the PTC temperature measurement layer is formed by sintering of temperature measurement material and additives; and the ceramic matrix layer is formed by sintering of matrix material, binder and reinforcing phase. The preparation method is to prepare powder of each layer material, to fill and lay each layer material powder in sequence and to compact, and finally to perform hot-press sintering. The application further discloses application of the cutter. The application selects temperature sensitive material and designs cutter structure, so that the application can meet the requirement of cutter performance in industrial production in terms of Vickers hardness, bending strength and fracture toughness of the ceramic cutter, and can realize cutting function of the ceramic cutter and real-time measurement of cutting temperature in the cutting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, and relates to milling and cutting processes, specifically to an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0003] Cutting temperature is a crucial source of information reflecting the state of machining processes (such as milling and cutting). Measuring the cutting temperature at the tool tip during cutting is essential for studying the cutting mechanism and tool wear mechanism. Due to the narrow cutting zone and extremely harsh environment (high stress, high temperature gradient), direct temperature measurement at the tool-chip interface remains very difficult. Furthermore, some temperature measurement methods cannot accurately reflect the cutting temperature distribution. The natural thermocouple method cannot accurately measure the temperature at a single point; the artificial thermocouple method and the semi-artificial thermocouple method can only measure changes at a single point, and when there are many measurement points, they are limited by the measurement space; infrared thermal imaging technology and CCD technology can only measure the surface temperature of the cutting zone. If the cutting temperature can be accurately monitored in real time during the cutting process, the cutting parameters can be optimized by establishing the relationship between tool state and temperature, effectively extending tool wear life and improving workpiece machining accuracy. This is of great significance to fundamental research on the cutting process.

[0004] Patent application publication number CN114773038A discloses a ceramic cutting tool integrating temperature sensing and cutting functions, as well as its preparation method; however, it utilizes the thermoelectric effect for temperature measurement. Currently, there is an urgent need in the industry to develop a ceramic cutting tool that integrates PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) effect temperature measurement and cutting function, as well as its preparation method and application. This ceramic cutting tool integrates cutting temperature measurement function and high mechanical properties, enabling it to measure cutting temperature while meeting cutting performance requirements. In other words, no additional temperature sensor is needed to measure cutting temperature during cutting. It has advantages such as simple structure, small size, high hardness, high bending strength and fracture toughness, and convenient installation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, comprising: a temperature measuring layer and a ceramic substrate layer; The temperature sensing layer is composed of the following raw materials by volume percentage: 50%~100% temperature sensing material, 0~5% additives, and the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material is 100%. The ceramic matrix layer is composed of the following raw materials by volume percentage: 50%~70% matrix material, 0~5% binder, and 30~45% reinforcing phase, with the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material being 100%. The temperature measuring material is ZrB2; The additive is one or more of SiCp, SiCw, ZrO2, B4C, Co, and Ni; The matrix material is one or more of Al2O3 and Si3N4; The binder is one or more of Mo, Ni, and Co; The reinforcing phase is one or more of TiC, WC, SiCp, SiCw, ZrO2, and TiO2; The temperature measuring layer and the ceramic substrate layer are arranged in a stacked manner. The total thickness of the temperature measuring layer accounts for 30-50% of the total thickness of the tool; the total thickness of the ceramic substrate layer accounts for 50-70% of the total thickness of the tool, and the sum of the total thickness of each layer is 100%.

[0007] In some embodiments, the ceramic cutting tool consists of at least M temperature sensing layers and N ceramic substrate layers, where M and N are both positive integers, and the ceramic substrate layers and temperature sensing layers are stacked alternately.

[0008] To address the problems of high difficulty and inaccuracy in conventional methods for detecting cutting temperature, this invention provides an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, along with its preparation method and application. Through material selection and structural design, this invention not only improves the mechanical properties of the ceramic cutting tool but also endows it with temperature measurement capabilities, thereby achieving the integration of temperature sensing and cutting functions.

[0009] In some embodiments, a mixing layer is further provided between the ceramic substrate layer and the temperature sensing layer, wherein the raw material in the mixing layer is one or more of Al2O3, Si3N4, Ni, Co, and MgO; the mixing layer can increase the adhesion between the ceramic substrate layer and the temperature sensing layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, when there is no mixing layer, the thickness of the ceramic substrate layer is 50-70% of the total thickness of the ceramic cutting tool. When there is a mixing layer, the total thickness of the mixing layer is 0-15% of the total thickness of the ceramic cutting tool, the total thickness of the temperature sensing layer is 25-45% of the total cutting tool thickness, the thickness of the ceramic substrate layer is 50-70% of the total cutting tool thickness, and the sum of the thicknesses of all layers is 100%. This ensures both the mechanical properties and temperature sensing performance of the ceramic cutting tool.

[0011] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a two-layer structure consisting of a ceramic matrix layer and a temperature sensing layer. The total thickness of the temperature sensing layer accounts for 30-50% of the total tool thickness. This layer has the PTC effect, which can convert the cutting temperature signal into a resistance conversion signal. The thickness of the ceramic matrix layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness. This layer has high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, and performs the function of cutting metal.

[0012] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a three-layer structure, including not only a ceramic matrix layer and a temperature sensing layer, but also a hybrid layer between the ceramic matrix layer and the temperature sensing layer. In this case, the total thickness of the temperature sensing layer accounts for 25-45% of the total tool thickness; this layer exhibits the PTC effect, converting the cutting temperature signal into a resistance signal. The thickness of the ceramic matrix layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness; this layer possesses high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, enabling it to cut metal. The total thickness of the hybrid layer accounts for 5-15% of the total tool thickness; this layer serves to bond the ceramic matrix layer and the temperature sensing layer.

[0013] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a three-layer structure consisting of a ceramic matrix layer and two temperature-sensing layers. The total thickness of the two temperature-sensing layers accounts for 30-50% of the total tool thickness. This layer has the PTC effect, which can convert the cutting temperature signal into a resistance conversion signal. The thickness of the ceramic matrix layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness. This layer has high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, and performs the function of cutting metal.

[0014] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a five-layer structure, including not only a ceramic matrix layer and two temperature sensing layers, but also a hybrid layer between the ceramic matrix layer and the temperature sensing layers. In this case, the total thickness of the two temperature sensing layers accounts for 25-45% of the total tool thickness; this layer exhibits the PTC effect, converting the cutting temperature signal into a resistance signal. The thickness of the ceramic matrix layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness; this layer possesses high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, enabling it to cut metal. The total thickness of the two hybrid layers accounts for 5-15% of the total tool thickness; this layer serves to bond the ceramic matrix layer and the temperature sensing layers.

[0015] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a five-layer structure consisting of three ceramic substrate layers and two temperature sensing layers. The three ceramic substrate layers and two temperature sensing layers are stacked alternately, with the two temperature sensing layers sandwiched between the three ceramic substrate layers. The total thickness of the two temperature sensing layers accounts for 30-50% of the total tool thickness. This layer exhibits the PTC effect, converting the cutting temperature signal into a resistance signal. The ceramic substrate layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness. This layer possesses high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, enabling it to cut metal.

[0016] Specifically, the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function has a nine-layer structure, including three ceramic matrix layers, two temperature sensing layers, and four hybrid layers. The three ceramic matrix layers and two temperature sensing layers are stacked alternately, with the two temperature sensing layers sandwiched between the three ceramic matrix layers. The four hybrid layers are located between the temperature sensing layers and the matrix layers. The total thickness of the four hybrid layers and the ceramic matrix layers accounts for 50% to 70% of the total tool thickness, possessing high hardness, high wear resistance, high bending strength, and high fracture toughness, thus fulfilling the function of cutting the workpiece material. The total thickness of the four sub-temperature sensing layers accounts for 30% to 50% of the total tool thickness; this layer exhibits the PTC effect, converting the cutting temperature signal into a resistance conversion signal. The total thickness of the two hybrid layers accounts for 2% to 10% of the total tool thickness; this layer serves to bond the ceramic matrix layer and the temperature sensing layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ceramic cutting tool is square.

[0018] In some embodiments, the volume percentage of ZrB2 in the temperature sensing layer is 60%-80%, the volume percentage of SiCp and SiCw is 20%-30%, and the volume percentages of ZrO2, B4C, Ni, and Co are 0%-15%, with the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material being 100%. In the ceramic matrix layer, the volume percentage of Al2O3 is 50%-70%, the volume percentage of Si3N4 is 0%-20%, the volume percentages of Mo, Ni, and Co are 0%-5%, the volume percentage of TiC is 5%-40%, and the volume percentages of WC, SiCp, SiCw, and TiO2 are 0%-20%, with the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material being 100%.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, wherein each layer of material is made into powder, the powder of each layer of material is sequentially filled and compacted, and finally hot-pressed and sintered.

[0020] This invention first prepares the material into powder, which facilitates the mixing of the various components in the material, increases the synergistic effect between the components, and improves the mechanical properties of the ceramic cutting tool. Hot pressing and sintering can ensure that the sintered material is more compact, further improving the mechanical properties of the ceramic cutting tool and increasing its temperature sensing performance.

[0021] In some implementations, the specific components include: Each powdered material was placed into a ball mill jar, and wet ball milling was performed using ZrO2 as the grinding ball and anhydrous ethanol as the medium. The suspension after ball milling was dried and sieved to obtain each powdered material. According to the above-mentioned proportions of each layer of ceramic cutting tool material, the corresponding powder materials are mixed evenly. The mixed powder materials are then filled into the mold layer by layer in the predetermined order and thickness. Each layer of powder material must be laid flat and compacted until the powder is completely filled. The compaction pressure is 4~6MPa. The mold is then hot-pressed and sintered at a temperature of 1800~1900℃ for 300~360min and a pressure of 30~35MPa; after sintering, a high-density ceramic blank is obtained. Cutting and polishing ceramic blanks are used to make cutting tools.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function prepared by the above method.

[0023] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function in cutting / or milling machining, wherein the integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function is mounted on a machine tool.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a cutting machine tool, including a base, on which a cutting tool and a temperature measuring instrument are mounted. The cutting tool is the aforementioned integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, and the temperature measuring instrument is connected to the temperature measuring layer in the ceramic tool via a wire.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention (1) By selecting temperature-sensitive materials and designing the tool structure, this invention realizes the cutting function of ceramic tools and real-time measurement of cutting temperature during the cutting process. The tool is both a sensor and a cutting tool, and it is easy to install without affecting the machine tool. It can be used without changing the existing machine tool structure and system.

[0026] (2) The ceramic cutting tool obtained by this invention has a Vickers hardness of 20~22 GPa, a bending strength of 800~1000 MPa, and a fracture toughness of 8~10 MPa. m 1 / 2It fully meets the performance requirements of cutting tools in industrial production.

[0027] (3) The preparation method of the present invention is simple, practical and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. Exemplary embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cutting temperature measurement and tool condition monitoring principle of an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, 1. an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, 2. a set screw, 3. a tool holder, 4. a cutting point, 5. a compensating wire, and 6. a temperature measuring instrument; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, A1. temperature measuring layer, A2. ceramic substrate; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; wherein, B1 is the temperature measuring layer, B2 is the mixing layer, and B3 is the ceramic substrate layer; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; wherein, C1 is the temperature measuring layer and C2 is the ceramic substrate; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; wherein, D1 is the temperature measuring layer, D2 is the mixing layer, and D3 is the ceramic substrate layer; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; wherein, E1 is the temperature measuring layer and E2 is the ceramic substrate; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention; wherein, E1 is a ceramic substrate layer, E2 is a temperature measurement layer, and E3 is a mixed layer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments are explanations of the present invention and not limitations thereof.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following examples are generally performed under standard conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer.

[0033] In the following embodiments, the powders of each layer are mixed and ball-milled using anhydrous ethanol as the medium. After vacuum drying and sieving, the powder is layered and compacted, followed by hot pressing and sintering to produce an integrated ceramic tool material with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function. This integrated ceramic tool material with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function is then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function. The principle of cutting temperature measurement and tool condition monitoring is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, an integrated ceramic cutting tool 1 with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function is fixed to the tool holder 3 by a set screw 2. When the integrated ceramic cutting tool 1 with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function cuts the part material, the cutting temperature at the cutting point 4 will cause a change in resistance within the temperature measurement layer of the integrated ceramic cutting tool. Wires are fixed to the upper and lower sides of each temperature measurement layer with conductive adhesive, and connected to a temperature measuring instrument 6 through a compensating wire 5, realizing real-time measurement of the cutting temperature at single or multiple points in the cutting zone.

[0034] Example 1 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 2 As shown, it has a double-layer structure. The first layer is a temperature sensing layer, which uses temperature sensing materials such as ZrB2 and its thickness is 40% of the total thickness of the tool. The second layer is a ceramic matrix layer, which uses Al2O3 or Si3N4 matrix materials and its thickness accounts for 60% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0035] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 1, which gives the volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of the temperature measuring layer A1 (first layer) and the ceramic substrate A2 (second layer).

[0036] Table 1. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0037] Each powder material was separately loaded into a ball mill jar, using ZrO2 as the grinding ball and anhydrous ethanol as the medium, and milled for 48 hours. The milled suspension was then dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and sealed for later use. Subsequently, the corresponding powder materials were uniformly mixed according to the requirements of each layer of the ceramic cutting tool. By controlling the thickness of each layer, the mixed powder materials were filled into the mold layer by layer in the order A1 / A2. Each layer of powder material needed to be leveled and compacted until the powder was completely filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic cutting tool with a three-layer structure, featuring PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function. By installing the cutting tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0038] Example 2 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 3 As shown, it has a three-layer structure. The first layer is a temperature sensing layer, using temperature sensing materials such as ZrB2, and its thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the tool. The second layer is a hybrid layer, using ZrB2, SiCp, SiCw, Al2O3, and Si3N. 4、 The first layer consists of multiple materials such as Ni, Co, and MgO, with a thickness of 20% of the total thickness of the tool. The second layer is a ceramic matrix layer, using Al2O3 or Si3N4-based ceramic materials, with a thickness of 50% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0039] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 5, which gives the volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of temperature measuring layer B1 (first layer), mixing layer B2 (second layer) and ceramic matrix layer B3 (third layer).

[0040] Table 3. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0041] The powdered materials were separately loaded into ball mill jars, using ZrO2 as the grinding balls and anhydrous ethanol as the medium, and milled for 48 hours. After milling, the suspension was dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and stored for later use. Subsequently, the powder was uniformly mixed according to the material requirements of each layer of the ceramic cutting tool. By controlling the thickness of each layer, the powder was filled into the mold layer by layer in the order of B1 / B2 / B3. Each layer of powder needed to be leveled and compacted until the powder was completely filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic cutting tool with a three-layer structure, featuring PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function. By installing the cutting tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0042] Example 3 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 4 As shown, it has a three-layer structure. The first and third layers are temperature sensing layers, which use temperature sensing materials such as ZrB2 and have a thickness of 40% of the total thickness of the tool. The second layer is a ceramic matrix layer, which uses Al2O3 or Si3N4 matrix materials and has a thickness of 60% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0043] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 2, which gives the volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of the temperature measuring layer C1 (first layer, third layer) and the ceramic substrate C2 (second layer).

[0044] Table 2. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0045] Each powder material was separately loaded into a ball mill jar, using ZrO2 as the grinding ball and anhydrous ethanol as the medium, and milled for 48 hours. The milled suspension was then dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and sealed for later use. Subsequently, the powder materials were uniformly mixed according to the requirements of each layer of the ceramic cutting tool. By controlling the thickness of each layer, the mixed powder materials were filled into the mold layer by layer in the order of C1 / C2 / C1, with each layer being leveled and compacted until the powder was completely filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic cutting tool with a three-layer structure, featuring PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting functions. By installing the cutting tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0046] Example 4 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tool has a five-layer structure. The first and fifth layers are temperature sensing layers, using temperature sensing materials such as ZrB2, and their thickness accounts for 30% of the total tool thickness. The third layer is a ceramic matrix layer, using Al2O3 or Si3N4-based ceramic materials, and its thickness accounts for 50% of the total tool thickness. The second and fourth layers are hybrid layers, using ZrB2, SiCp, SiCw, Al2O3, and Si3N4. 4、 It is made of various materials such as Ni, Co, and MgO, and its thickness accounts for 20% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0047] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 5, which gives the volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of the temperature measuring layer D1 (first layer and fifth layer), the mixing layer D2 (second layer and fourth layer) and the ceramic matrix layer D3 (third layer).

[0048] Table 3. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0049] The powdered materials were separately loaded into ball mill jars, using ZrO2 as the grinding balls and anhydrous ethanol as the medium, and milled for 48 hours. After milling, the suspension was dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and stored for later use. Subsequently, the powder was uniformly mixed according to the material requirements of each layer of the ceramic cutting tool. By controlling the thickness of each layer, the powder was filled into the mold layer by layer in the order D1 / D2 / D3 / D2 / D1, with each layer being leveled and compacted until all layers were filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic cutting tool with a five-layer structure, featuring PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting functions. By installing the cutting tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0050] Example 5 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 6 As shown, it has a five-layer structure. The second and fourth layers are temperature sensing layers E1, which use temperature sensing materials such as ZrB2 and have a thickness of 50% of the total thickness of the tool. The first, third and fifth layers are ceramic matrix layers E2, which use Al2O3 or Si3N4 matrix materials and have a thickness of 50% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0051] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 3, which gives the volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of the temperature measuring layer E1 (second layer, fourth layer) and the ceramic substrate E2 (first layer, third layer, fifth layer).

[0052] Table 3. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0053] Each powder material was separately loaded into a ball mill jar, using ZrO2 as the grinding ball and anhydrous ethanol as the medium, and milled for 48 hours. The milled suspension was then dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and sealed for later use. Subsequently, the powder materials were uniformly mixed according to the requirements of each layer of the ceramic cutting tool. By controlling the thickness of each layer, the mixed powder materials were filled into the mold layer by layer in the order E2 / E1 / E2 / E1 / E2, with each layer being leveled and compacted until the powder was completely filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic cutting tool with a five-layer structure and PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function. By installing the cutting tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0054] Example 6 Integrated ceramic tool structure with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first, fifth, and ninth layers of the nine-layer gradient ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect are ceramic matrix layers, using Al2O3 or Si3N4 matrix materials, and their thickness accounts for 50% of the total tool thickness; the third and seventh layers are thermosensitive layers, using thermosensitive materials such as ZrB2, and their thickness accounts for 20% of the total tool thickness; the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth layers are hybrid layers, using ZrB2, SiCp, SiCw, Al2O3, and Si3N4. 4、 It contains various materials such as Ni, Co, and MgO, and its thickness accounts for 16% of the total thickness of the tool.

[0055] In this embodiment, the powder materials required to prepare an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function are shown in Table 6. The volume percentage (Vol%) of the powder components of the ceramic matrix layer E1 (first layer, fifth layer and ninth layer), temperature measurement layer E2 (third layer and seventh layer), and mixed layer E3 (second layer, fourth layer, sixth layer and eighth layer) are given.

[0056] Table 5. Volume percentage of powder components (Vol%)

[0057] The powder materials were separately loaded into ball mill jars, using cemented carbide balls as grinding balls and anhydrous ethanol as the grinding medium, and milled for 48 hours. The milled suspension was then dried in a vacuum drying oven, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and sealed for later use. Subsequently, the powder was uniformly mixed according to the material requirements of each layer of the ceramic tool, and by controlling the thickness of each layer, the powder material was loaded into the mold layer by layer in the order E1 / E3 / E2 / E3 / E1 / E3 / E2 / E3 / E1. Each layer of powder needed to be leveled and compacted until the powder was completely filled. The powder was pre-compacted at 5 MPa, and then placed in a hot-pressing sintering furnace for hot-pressing sintering at 1850℃ for 300 minutes and 30 MPa. After sintering, a high-density ceramic blank was obtained, which was then cut and polished to produce an integrated ceramic tool with a nine-layer structure, featuring PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting functions. By installing the tool and temperature measuring instrument onto the tool holder, real-time measurement of the cutting temperature can be achieved.

[0058] Example 7 Multiple temperature sensing layers were prepared according to the formulation in Table 6, and their mechanical properties were tested. The results are shown below: Table 6

[0059] Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of the ceramic cutting tools prepared in Examples 1-6 were tested. The results showed that the Vickers hardness of each ceramic cutting tool was 20-22 GPa, the bending strength was 800-1000 MPa, and the fracture toughness was 8-10 MPa. m 1 / 2 This fully meets the requirements for tool performance in industrial production. Therefore, it can be seen that the present invention has successfully prepared an integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function.

[0060] This invention also provides an application of the aforementioned integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function in cutting / or milling machining. Specifically, a cutting machine tool is provided, including a machine base, on which a cutting tool and a temperature measuring instrument are mounted. The cutting tool is the aforementioned integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, and the temperature measuring instrument is connected to the temperature measuring layer in the ceramic cutting tool via a wire.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function, characterized in that, include: Temperature sensing layer and ceramic substrate layer; The temperature sensing layer is composed of the following raw materials by volume percentage: 50%~100% temperature sensing material, 0~5% additives, and the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material is 100%. The ceramic matrix layer is composed of the following raw materials by volume percentage: 50%~70% matrix material, 0%~5% binder, and 30%~45% reinforcing phase, with the sum of the volume percentages of each raw material being 100%. The temperature measuring material is ZrB2; The additive is one or more of SiCp, SiCw, ZrO2, B4C, Co, and Ni; The matrix material is one or more of Al2O3 and Si3N4; The binder is one or more of Mo, Ni, and Co; The reinforcing phase is one or more of TiC, WC, SiCp, SiCw, and TiO2; The temperature sensing layer and the ceramic substrate layer are arranged in a stacked manner. The total thickness of the temperature sensing layer accounts for 30-50% of the total tool thickness; the total thickness of the ceramic substrate layer accounts for 50-70% of the total tool thickness, and the sum of the total thickness of each layer is 100%. The ceramic cutting tool consists of at least M temperature sensing layers and N ceramic substrate layers, where M and N are both positive integers, and the ceramic substrate layers and temperature sensing layers are stacked alternately. A mixing layer is also provided between the ceramic substrate layer and the temperature sensing layer, and the raw material in the mixing layer is one or more of Al2O3, Si3N4, Ni, Co, and MgO; The total thickness of the hybrid layer is 5-15% of the total thickness of the ceramic cutting tool, the total thickness of the temperature sensing layer is 25-45% of the total thickness of the cutting tool, the thickness of the ceramic substrate layer is 50-70% of the total thickness of the cutting tool, and the sum of the thicknesses of all layers is 100%.

2. The integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ceramic cutting tool is square.

3. The integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the temperature sensing layer, the volume percentage of ZrB2 is 60%-80%, the volume percentage of SiCp and SiCw is 20%-30%, and the volume percentages of ZrO2, B4C, Ni, and Co are 0%-15%, with the sum of the volume percentages of all raw materials being 100%. In the ceramic matrix layer, the volume percentage of Al2O3 is 50%-70%, the volume percentage of Si3N4 is 0%-20%, the volume percentages of Mo, Ni, and Co are 0%-5%, the volume percentage of TiC is 5%-40%, and the volume percentages of WC, SiCp, SiCw, and TiO2 are 0%-20%, with the sum of the volume percentages of all raw materials being 100%.

4. A method for preparing an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Each layer of material is made into powder, and the powder of each layer is filled and compacted in sequence, and finally hot-pressed and sintered.

5. The method for preparing an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: Each powdered material was placed into a ball mill jar, and wet ball milling was performed using ZrO2 as the grinding ball and anhydrous ethanol as the medium. The suspension after ball milling was dried and sieved to obtain each powdered material. According to the proportion of each layer of ceramic cutting tool material, the corresponding powder materials are mixed evenly. The mixed powder materials are then filled into the mold layer by layer in the predetermined order and thickness. Each layer of powder material must be spread flat and compacted until the powder is completely filled. The compaction pressure is 4~6MPa. The mold is then hot-pressed and sintered at a temperature of 1800~1900℃ for 300~360min and a pressure of 30~35MPa; after sintering, a high-density ceramic blank is obtained. Cutting and polishing ceramic blanks are used to make cutting tools.

6. The application of an integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in any one of claims 1-3 in cutting or milling processes, characterized in that, The integrated ceramic cutting tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function is installed on the machine tool.

7. A cutting machine tool, comprising a machine base, characterized in that, The base is equipped with a cutting tool and a temperature measuring instrument. The cutting tool is an integrated ceramic tool with PTC effect temperature measurement and cutting function as described in any one of claims 1-3. The temperature measuring instrument is connected to the temperature measuring layer in the ceramic tool through a wire.

Images