A system and method for wet cold agglomeration pelletization with reduced breakage and efficient drying

Abstract

A system and method for wet cold-consolidation pelletizing with reduced breakage and efficient drying, belonging to the field of pelletizing technology, is disclosed. The system comprises a specially laid-out pelletizing plant, an adjustable-angle buffered output conveyor belt, a transfer trolley, a ventilated circulating feed cage, and a discharge platform system. The plant includes a raw material area, a pelletizing area, an empty feed cage area, a full feed cage area, and a rail conveying area. Columns are erected outside the open-air area, with beams and overhead crane tracks supporting the top. An adjustable-angle buffered output conveyor belt is installed in the pelletizing area. In the open-air area, tracks or billets are laid on the ground within the overhead crane's operating range to serve as feed cage sleepers, allowing them to be off-ground for moisture protection. The ventilated circulating feed cage enables rapid batch movement of the pellets, while simultaneously promoting ventilation and rapid drying and reducing breakage. The discharge system provides a base for the circulating feed cage during discharge, minimizing pellet breakage. This invention's system and method achieve rapid drying and supply of pellets, minimizing breakage and powder production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pelletizing technology, specifically relating to a system and method for wet cold consolidation pelletizing to reduce breakage and achieve efficient drying. Background Technology

[0002] Roller briquetting (also known as cold-bonded briquetting) is a widely used and mature briquetting process, applicable to various sectors of the national economy. It features low investment, quick returns, high output, and broad material adaptability. However, most companies currently have the following shortcomings in their processes:

[0003] 1. After the pellets are extruded into small piles using an upward conveyor belt, the conveyor belt continues to slide them down one side of the small pile until they form a short ridge shape. If the site layout allows, a loader is used to shovel them to the finished product warehouse for a large pile. This method uses a self-made pellet pile with a gentle slope to extrude pellets when the strength of the new pellets is not high, which reduces breakage to some extent. After accumulating to a certain amount, the pellets are shoveled away, which also provides time for the pellets to age and strengthen. However, the pellets still need to undergo impacts and collisions during the processes of piling, loading onto trucks, and unloading to the warehouse (which will involve collisions with the warehouse grid).

[0004] 2. Some other companies use multiple short conveyor belts connected together to directly dump the newly pressed balls into the finished product warehouse, but there are still impacts and collisions during the loading and unloading process to the warehouse.

[0005] 3. Some companies, due to space constraints, shovel and transport the new balls to the finished product warehouse for continued room temperature drying as soon as they fall and form small mounds, without giving the balls time to harden and deteriorate, which is the most unscientific method.

[0006] 4. Some companies use self-produced flue gas-fired thermal drying pellets or electrically heated tunnel dryers to dry and press the pellets, increasing their strength and enhancing their resistance to impacts and collisions. However, this method is costly and suitable for high-value materials. It is not applicable to low-value materials due to the significant cost increase. Moreover, it does not prevent significant impacts and collisions during loading and unloading at the user's warehouse.

[0007] Repeatedly turning and bumping the pellets during pelletizing increases the amount of powder, which not only inconveniences users but also increases pelletizing processing costs. Processors are also penalized for excess powder, impacting their profitability. Even if measures are taken to sieve out the powder and re-pelletize it, costs will still increase.

[0008] The following issues exist during use:

[0009] 1. The furnace dust removal system will remove the powder, reducing the actual amount fed into the furnace, and it is also easy to cause the dust removal system to be overloaded and malfunction.

[0010] 2. For submerged arc furnaces, a large amount of powder makes sintering easier, resulting in poor permeability of the furnace charge. This hinders the release of CO, the product gas generated after carbon reduction of oxides, slowing down the reduction reaction and reducing furnace yield. Furthermore, the sintered charge layer has high conductivity, making it difficult for electrodes to penetrate deeply, leading to insufficient power supply, which also affects yield. It also increases power consumption and causes furnace problems such as charge collapse and sparking.

[0011] 3. For vertical shaft furnaces using briquetting, increased powder leads to poorer permeability, which also affects the reaction inside the furnace, resulting in deterioration of furnace conditions and worsening of indicators.

[0012] In addition, traditional briquetting companies generally do not have special drying facilities, relying on natural drying of material piles (wind blowing, sun drying), with the first batch dried and transported away. Because the air permeability of the briquettes decreases after being piled up, they require a long time to dry, which requires briquetting companies to have a large storage yard as a buffer, thus increasing site costs.

[0013] An investigation into the domestic situation revealed that there is currently no system or process that can simultaneously achieve both drying and powder reduction. Therefore, it is necessary to urgently develop a system and process that reduces breakage and enables rapid drying from the point of pelletizing to the user's use. Summary of the Invention

[0014] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a system and method for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold-consolidation pelletizing. The system includes the following components: a specially laid-out pelletizing plant, an adjustable-angle buffered output belt conveyor, a transfer trolley, a ventilated circulating material cage, and a discharge system. Details are as follows:

[0015] 1. A specially designed ball-making factory

[0016] This specially designed pelletizing plant features a rationally positioned layout with appropriately sized zones, complemented by various equipment, enabling efficient and low-fragmentation pellet output, and adaptability to both cloudy and sunny weather. The plant consists of a steel-structured factory area with a corrugated steel roof and a hardened open-air area. The factory area is divided into two bays by pillars and is generally divided into a raw material area, a pelletizing area, an empty cage area, a full cage area (a temporary storage area during rain or snow), and a rail conveyor area (equipped with ground rails and electric railcars). Large beams and rails are erected atop the pillars in the factory area, with indoor overhead cranes running on these rails. Large beams are also erected atop the pillars outside the factory area, with rails on them for outdoor overhead cranes. A rotatable, adjustable-angle buffered output conveyor belt is installed at one end of the indoor pelletizing area. In the open-air area, rails or billets are laid on the ground within the operating range of the outdoor overhead cranes to serve as cage sleepers. The location relationships of each area and piece of equipment are shown in [details omitted]. Figure 1 .

[0017] 2. Adjustable elevation angle buffer-type output belt conveyor

[0018] The function of this equipment is to transport and load the ball blocks output from the horizontal conveyor belt into the material cage while minimizing collision and breakage. The base of the adjustable-angle buffer-type output belt conveyor is a cubic frame structure welded from angle steel with an external skin of welded thick steel plates. The working part of this adjustable-angle buffer-type output belt conveyor consists of the belt conveyor longitudinal beam, end columns (or drum columns), driven columns, drums, driven rollers, belt, and lifting power system; the buffer part consists of a spring frame, arched springs, and hinged movable thin plates; the lifting system consists of a rack and pinion power platform, rack and pinion power system, rack and pinion constraint guide, rack, hinged trolley body, wheels, and box-type constraint devices welded to the belt conveyor longitudinal beam; the rotation system consists of a main shaft, sliding bearings, thrust bearings, a double-column foundation pit made of reinforced concrete, and an embedded steel sleeve. The remaining components are the belt conveyor base, belt conveyor hinges (including hinge columns, hinge shafts, and bearings), and a counterweight box (containing various heavy objects that can act as counterweights, such as steel blocks, balls, and stones). The conveyor belt's longitudinal beam is a rectangular frame welded from angle steel. End posts (equally spaced) and driven posts are welded to the longitudinal beam. The drum is mounted in the holes of the end posts via bearings. The driven roller is mounted on the driven post (for simplicity). Figure 2 (Only one is shown in the image); the belt is fitted onto the roller system consisting of the drum and the driven roller; the lifting power system is welded to the power platform on one end column, and a motor and a coaxial reducer are installed by bolts, connected to the drum through the output shaft, coupling, etc. The arched spring is bolted to the spring frame, and one end of the hinged movable plate is hinged to one end of the longitudinal beam of the belt conveyor, while the other end falls freely and presses on the arched spring; the rack constraint guide is welded or bolted to the base of the belt conveyor; the smooth section of the rack is inserted into the rack constraint guide; the lifting power system is a component with a motor and a coaxial reducer installed on the power platform (welded to the base of the belt conveyor). The gears of the lifting power system mesh with the rack to output power, pushing the rack to move up and down, realizing the angle adjustment of the working part of the belt conveyor; the upper end of the rack is a hinged trolley body, with shafts welded to both ends. Four wheels are mounted on the shafts at both ends using bearings; the wheels are constrained in box-type restraints on the guide rails during movement; the main shaft of the rotating system is a thick-walled steel pipe welded to the lower part of the conveyor belt base; a double-column foundation pit made of reinforced concrete is set up on the factory floor, with steel sleeves nested inside. The upper steel sleeve contains a sliding bearing, and the lower steel sleeve is a cup-shaped component containing a thrust bearing; the main shaft passes through the sliding bearing and inserts into the lower steel sleeve, finally pressing against the thrust bearing; the other end of the conveyor belt's working section is hinged to the other end of the conveyor belt base; the counterweight box is placed in a shallow pool welded from steel plates at the other end of the conveyor belt base to prevent movement. The main body of the adjustable-angle buffer-type output conveyor belt is made of Q355 or higher strength steel, and the hinge shaft is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel.

[0019] 3. Ventilated circulating feed cage

[0020] This container functions as a conveyor for ball materials, enabling rapid movement of entire batches of balls. It also facilitates rapid drying of the balls through ventilation, and minimizes tipping and crushing by ensuring the balls are collected and transported as a whole without touching the ground. The ventilated circulating material cage consists of a base frame, columns, crossbeams, reinforcing ribs, a sliding gate, an outer grid panel, lifting lugs, and wire rope slings. The base frame is a frame-like component with side holes and internal sliding grooves, constructed from thick angle steel welded to a skin-type welded steel plate. Vertical angle steel extending from the four corners of the base frame serves as columns, with crossbeams (angle steel or steel bars) welded horizontally to the top of each column. Reinforcing ribs are welded at all right-angle locations (for simplicity). Figure 5 (Only one is shown in the image); the pull-out gate is the throttling device at the bottom of the circulating material cage, which serves to throttle the flow. It is inserted through a rectangular hole on the side of the bottom frame, with holes on the side for the wire rope to pass through, and is pulled out to open. The outer grid plates are welded or bolted to the outside of the frame composed of columns and beams to form the ventilation cage wall. The lifting lugs are thick steel plates with barbs, which are welded to the outside of the columns and beams for hanging wire rope slings. Each ventilated circulating material cage must have at least 4 wire rope slings during hoisting operations. During operation, one loop of the wire rope sling is hooked into the lifting lug, and the other loop is placed into the hook of the hoisting equipment. Multiple ventilated circulating material cages are made according to actual production conditions for recycling. The main body material is made of steel with a strength of Q355 or higher, and the bottom pull-out gate is made of high-strength steel plate with a strength of Q490 or higher.

[0021] 4. Unloading system

[0022] The unloading system functions to unload material from the vehicle onto the unloading platform, providing a base for the ventilated circulating material cage during unloading, facilitating the opening and closing of the gate valves, preventing spherical material from impacting the grid during unloading, and achieving rapid and low-loss unloading. The system includes the unloading platform and a supporting lifting system. The unloading platform consists of a base, columns, reinforcing ribs, and a chute. The supporting lifting system comprises a reinforced concrete track wall, a bridge crane, and a steel floor. The base is a square-frame stepped structure, fitted to the bottom frame for secure embedding; the columns are four square billets welded to the bottom of the base; the reinforcing ribs are thick steel plates, cross-welded to the inside of the columns; the chute is a frustum structure with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening, welded to the lower edge of the base at the top, and the lower part of the chute is welded to the wall of the pyramidal silo to guide material into the silo.

[0023] A method for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) Adjust the elevation angle of the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (hereinafter referred to as the inclined belt). The track electric flatcar approaches one end of the track and uses an indoor crane to lift the ventilated circulating material cage from the empty cage area onto the track electric flatcar (or the circulating material cage that is transporting material back to empty can be placed onto the track electric flatcar using an outdoor crane in the open area). Use a thick steel pipe to push the inclined belt base so that its ball outlet end is aligned with the ventilated circulating material cage, ensuring that the ball material falls into it. Place a material cage horizontally between the two flatcar tracks, ready for connection and transition when the material cage on the car is full.

[0025] (2) After the briquetting machine forms briquettes, the briquettes are conveyed by a horizontal belt conveyor to an inclined belt conveyor, and then guided by a hinged movable thin plate into the ventilated circulating material cage. As the material level in the ventilated circulating cage rises, the rack and pinion lifting motor and rack and pinion power system are activated to raise the working part of the inclined belt. The end of the hinged movable thin plate is initially a short distance from the bottom of the ventilated circulating material cage, and as the briquette level rises, the end of the hinged movable thin plate always maintains a distance close to or even touching the material level.

[0026] (3) After the ventilation circulating material cage on the previous rail electric flat car is full, it is driven out to the open area. Adjust the rack and pinion power system of the inclined belt, lower the elevation angle, so that its working part is lowered, and continue to discharge balls into the ventilation circulating material cage.

[0027] (4) During the period when the inclined belt is used to load balls into the new cage, the connecting cage on the ground can be lifted away by the overhead crane and the empty cage can continue to play the connecting role in the original place. The lifted full cage is placed on the transfer trolley when it enters the factory and transported out, or it can be temporarily placed in the full cage area.

[0028] (5) Continue to place empty cages in the previous car or bring back empty cages from the open area. After the next car's cage is full of balls, continue to connect the cages to the ground and the previous car's cage to continue discharging balls. By repeating the above steps, uninterrupted and non-ground-bound ball delivery from the factory can be achieved.

[0029] (6) After the material cages are transported from the factory building into the working area of ​​the outdoor crane in the open area, the outdoor crane lifts the material cages to the ground sleepers, where the pellets are quickly dried under the sun and circulating air.

[0030] (7) Following the first-in, first-out method, the cages that first enter the open-air material yard are loaded onto trucks and transported out, and the dried pellets are loaded onto trucks and transported to the underground storage area.

[0031] (8) After the transport vehicle arrives at the storage area, it reverses to the working range of the bridge crane. The bridge crane lifts the material cage onto the unloading platform and then opens the sliding gate. At this time, the spherical material enters the storage area from the chute under the unloading platform. Then the bridge crane lifts the empty cage into the empty space on the vehicle. In this way, all the full cages on the vehicle are unloaded.

[0032] (9) After the empty cage is pulled back, it is unloaded onto the flatcar that will be brought into the factory or placed in an open space on the ground for later use.

[0033] Features of the present invention:

[0034] 1. This invention consists of a specially laid-out pelletizing plant, an adjustable-angle buffered output conveyor belt, a transfer trolley, a ventilated circulating material cage, and a discharge platform system. The specially designed pelletizing production line ensures high production efficiency and rapid pelletizing after drying.

[0035] 2. A specially laid-out pelletizing plant, divided into zones and equipped with various facilities, adaptable to both cloudy and sunny weather. The plant includes a raw material area, pelletizing area, empty cage area, full cage area, and rail conveying area (ground rails and electric rail flatcars). Inside the plant, three rows of columns support beams and rails, with one overhead crane installed between each span. Outside the plant, columns support beams and overhead crane rails. An adjustable-angle, buffer-type output conveyor belt is installed at the end of the pelletizing area. In the open-air area, rails or billets are laid on the ground within the overhead crane operating area to serve as cage sleepers, allowing the material to be off-ground for moisture protection.

[0036] 3. The adjustable-angle buffer-type output belt conveyor employs a special one-end hinged structure, providing a basis for adjusting the elevation angle. It utilizes a unique gear and rack lifting mechanism with an articulated trolley to adjust the belt elevation angle. A spring-loaded buffer steel plate is installed at the left end of the conveyor. A robust and reliable ground rotation system is provided, featuring a concrete pit, embedded cylinder liners, and sliding and thrust bearings working in tandem. A counterweight box is included to ensure even load distribution on the rotation mechanism. The main body of the adjustable-angle buffer-type output belt conveyor is made of Q355 or higher strength steel, and the hinge shaft is made of high-strength, wear-resistant steel.

[0037] 4. The ventilated circulating material cage enables rapid movement of the entire batch of pellets, while simultaneously promoting ventilation and quick drying and reducing crushing. The cage consists of a bottom frame, uprights, crossbeams, reinforcing ribs, pull-out gates, outer grid plates, lifting lugs, and matching wire ropes. The bottom frame is made of thick angle steel welded together with a welded steel plate covering the interior, featuring square holes. The longitudinal angle steel of the bottom frame extends out of the plate to form the uprights. All right-angled sections are welded with reinforcing ribs. The pull-out gates with side holes are inserted through rectangular holes on the side of the bottom frame and can be started by pulling with a feeding vehicle. The cage walls are made of grid plates. The main body is constructed of steel with a strength of Q355 or higher, while the pull-out gates are made of high-strength steel plate of Q490 or higher, ensuring structural strength.

[0038] 5. Unloading system: Provides a base for the circulating material cage during unloading, reducing the crushing of spherical materials during unloading; the unloading system includes an unloading platform and a supporting lifting system; the unloading platform includes a base, columns, reinforcing ribs, and chutes; the supporting lifting system includes reinforced concrete rail walls and a bridge crane; the base has a square hole and a stepped structure slightly larger than the square hole, and is made of thin slabs by milling; the columns are made of square billets to ensure strength; the lower part of the chute is welded to the wall of the square hole of the pyramidal silo to smoothly guide the material into the silo and reduce breakage; the unloading platform is located on one side of the silo and welded to a floor with a large steel plate, which can effectively prevent the unloading platform from tipping over.

[0039] 6. A special process is used from production to delivery to the storage facility: the pellets are received in a ventilated cage → transported out by trolley → dried in the open air and sun on the ground → loaded onto a truck → transported → placed on the unloading platform → unloading by opening the gate valve → empty cages are loaded onto trucks and transported back → empty cages are placed on flatbed carts and transported back to the factory → pellets are received inside the factory. This continuous cycle ensures rapid drying and supply of the pellets, minimizing breakage and powder production.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] 1. The specially designed briquetting production line ensures efficient operation and produces briquettes after rapid drying.

[0042] 2. A circulating feed cage prevents the balls from touching the ground, reducing the number of times they tip over. A specially designed, adjustable-angle, buffered output conveyor belt changes position for output, and the balls slide down smoothly, reducing the impact force. Full-cage loading and unloading further reduces tipping and ball friction and impact. Through this combination of equipment and methods, the powder rate is minimized, briquetting costs are reduced, and on-site performance is guaranteed.

[0043] 3. The ball cages are delivered to the open air by alternating operation of two electric flatcars, and the ball cages are connected in a continuous manner, which is ingenious and efficient.

[0044] 4. The specially designed frame + gate type and external grid plate high-strength ventilated circulating material cage realizes the ventilation and rapid drying of ball material, and can be quickly transferred and transported without touching the ground. In addition, the whole cage receives the balls, transports the balls, and unloads the materials without colliding with the ground grid, reducing the breakage caused by the balls falling to the ground and being picked up again.

[0045] 5. The specially designed unloading system enables the ball material to slide smoothly during the unloading process, further reducing breakage. The inclined belt of the present invention feeds the ball material into the cage, and the belt angle is adjustable. The angle can be easily and slowly increased during the ball discharge process. The buffer spring plate minimizes the impact of the ball material.

[0046] 6. By rationally combining specially designed equipment and tools through a specially designed pellet logistics method, rapid drying and supply of cold-consolidated pellets are achieved, minimizing breakage and powdering, reducing pellet supply costs, improving the efficiency of pelletizing, facilitating user operation, and improving technical and economic indicators, resulting in an overall win-win situation. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 A plan and perspective view of a pelletizing plant with a special layout for a wet cold-consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and expedits drying;

[0048] Figure 2A perspective view of the working section of a buffered output belt conveyor in a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and expedits drying.

[0049] Figure 3 Side view of a buffered output belt conveyor for a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and expedits drying;

[0050] Figure 4 A perspective view of the lifting device of a buffer output belt conveyor for a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and expedits drying.

[0051] Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of a ventilated circulating feed box for a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and achieves efficient drying;

[0052] Figure 6 A partial view of the unloading system of a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and achieves efficient drying;

[0053] Figure 7 Overall diagram of the unloading system of a wet cold consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and achieves efficient drying;

[0054] In the diagram, 2-rotatable, adjustable-angle buffered output belt conveyor, 3-ground rail, 4-rail electric flat car, 5-material cage sleeper, 6-circulating material cage, 7-unloading platform, 8-pyramidal ground silo, 9-reinforced concrete rail wall, 10-bridge crane, 11-floor steel plate.

[0055] 1-1 Raw material area, 1-2 Pelletizing area, 1-3 Empty cage area, 1-4 Full cage area, 1-5 Rail conveyor area, 1-6 & 1-7 Indoor overhead crane, 1-8 Outdoor overhead crane, 1-9 & 1-10 Columns;

[0056] 2-1 Belt conveyor longitudinal beam, 2-2 end column, 2-3 driven column, 2-4 drum, 2-5 driven roller, 2-6 belt, 2-7 lifting power system, 2-8-1 spring frame, 2-8-2 arched spring, 2-8-3 hinged movable thin plate, 2-9-1 rack and pinion power table, 2-9-2 rack and pinion power system, 2-9-3 rack and pinion constraint guide, 2-9-4 rack, 2-9-5 hinged trolley body, 2-9-6 wheel, 2-9-7 box-type constraint device, 2-13-1 main shaft, 2-13-2 sliding bearing, 2-13-3 thrust bearing, 2-13-4 double column foundation pit, 2-13-5 embedded steel sleeve, 2-10 base, 2-11 belt conveyor hinge, 2-12 counterweight box;

[0057] 6-1 Base frame, 6-2-1 Column, 6-2-2 Horizontal beam, 6-3 Reinforcing rib plate, 6-4 Pull-out gate, 6-5 Outer lattice plate, 6-6 Lifting lug, 6-7 Wire rope sleeve;

[0058] 7-1 Base, 7-2 Column, 7-3 Reinforcing rib, 7-4 Chute. Detailed Implementation

[0059] A wet cold-consolidation pelletizing system that reduces breakage and simplifies drying, such as... Figure 1-7 As shown, the system consists of a specially laid-out pelletizing plant, an adjustable-angle buffer-type output conveyor belt, a transfer trolley, a ventilated circulating material cage, and an unloading system; wherein:

[0060] The specially laid-out pelletizing plant consists of a steel-structured factory area with a corrugated steel roof and a hardened open-air area. The factory area is divided into two bays by columns 1-10. Overall, the factory area is divided into a raw material area 1-1, a pelletizing area 1-2, an empty cage area 1-3, a full cage area 1-4 (a temporary storage area during rain or snow), and a rail conveyor area 1-5. The rail conveyor area 1-5 is equipped with ground rails 3 and electric rail-mounted flatcars 4. A beam and rails are erected on top of the three rows of columns 1-10 in the factory area, and indoor overhead cranes 1-6 and 1-7 run on these rails. A beam is erected on top of the external columns 1-9, and rails are installed on the beams for the operation of outdoor overhead cranes 1-8. A rotatable, adjustable-angle buffered output conveyor belt 2 is installed at one end of the indoor pelletizing area 1-2. In the open-air area, rails or billets are laid on the ground within the operating range of the outdoor overhead cranes 1-8 as material cage sleepers 5. The location relationships of each area and piece of equipment are shown in [details omitted]. Figure 1 .

[0061] The adjustable-angle buffered output belt conveyor 2 comprises the following components: its working part consists of a belt conveyor longitudinal beam 2-1, end column (or drum column) 2-2, driven column 2-3, drum 2-4, driven roller 2-5, belt 2-6, and lifting power system 2-7; its buffer part consists of a spring frame 2-8-1, arched spring 2-8-2, and hinged movable thin plate 2-8-3; its lifting system consists of a rack and pinion power platform 2-9-1, rack and pinion power system 2-9-2, rack and pinion constraint guide 2-9-3, rack 2-9-4, hinged trolley body 2-9-5, wheel 2-9-6, and box-type constraint device 2-9-7 welded to the belt conveyor longitudinal beam 2-1; and its rotation system consists of a main shaft 2-13-1, sliding bearing 2-13-2, thrust bearing 2-13-3, a double-column foundation pit made of reinforced concrete 2-13-4, and an embedded steel sleeve 2-13-5. The remaining components include the conveyor base 2-10, the conveyor hinge 2-11, and the counterweight box 2-12. The base 2-10 is a cubic frame structure welded from angle steel with an outer skin of welded thick steel plate. The conveyor hinge 2-11 includes a hinge column, a hinge shaft, and a bearing. The counterweight box 2-12 contains various heavy objects that can serve as counterweights, such as steel blocks, balls, and stones.

[0062] The conveyor belt longitudinal beam 2-1 is a rectangular frame welded from angle steel. The end posts 2-2 are evenly spaced, and the end posts 2-2 and driven posts 2-3 are welded to the conveyor belt longitudinal beam 2-1. The drum 2-4 is mounted in the holes of the end posts 2-2 via bearings. The driven roller 2-5 is mounted on the driven post 2-3 (for simplicity...). Figure 2 Only one driven column 2-3 is shown in the figure; belt 2-6 is fitted on the roller system composed of drum 2-4 and driven roller 2-5; lifting power system 2-7 is welded to the power platform on one end column 2-2, and a motor and coaxial reducer are installed by bolts, and connected to drum 2-4 through output shaft, coupling, etc. The arched spring 2-8-2 is bolted to the spring frame 2-8-1. One end of the hinged movable thin plate 2-8-3 is hinged to one end of the conveyor belt longitudinal beam 2-1, while the other end falls freely and presses against the arched spring 2-8-2. The rack constraint guide 2-9-3 is welded or bolted to the base 2-10 of the conveyor belt. The smooth section of the rack 2-9-4 is inserted into the rack constraint guide 2-9-3. The lifting power system 2-7 is a component with a motor and coaxial reducer mounted on a power platform (welded to the conveyor belt base). The gears of the lifting power system 2-7 mesh with the rack to output power, pushing the rack 2-9-4 up and down to adjust the angle of the working part of the conveyor belt. The upper end of the rack 2-9-4 is a hinged trolley body 2-9-5, with shafts welded to both ends. Axles are used on the shafts at both ends of the hinged trolley body 2-9-5. The conveyor is equipped with four wheels 2-9-6; when the wheels 2-9-6 move, they are constrained in the box-type restraints 2-9-7 of the guide rail; the main shaft 2-13-1 of the rotating system is a thick-walled steel pipe welded to the lower part of the conveyor base 2-10; a double-column foundation pit 2-13-4 made of reinforced concrete is set in the factory area, and a steel sleeve 2-13-5 is nested in the pit. The upper steel sleeve has a sliding bearing 2-13-2 embedded in it, and the lower steel sleeve is a cup-shaped component, in which a thrust bearing 2-13-3 is placed; the main shaft 2-13-1 passes through the sliding bearing 2-13-2 and then inserts into the lower steel sleeve 2-13-5, and finally presses on the thrust bearing 2-13-3; the other end of the conveyor working part is hinged to the other end of the conveyor base 2-10; the counterweight box 2-12 is placed in a shallow pool welded from steel plates at the other end of the conveyor base to prevent movement. The main body of the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor 2 is made of high-strength steel of Q355 or higher, and the hinge shaft is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel.

[0063] The ventilated circulating material cage 6 consists of a base frame 6-1, uprights 6-2-1, crossbeams 6-2-2, reinforcing ribs 6-3, a pull-out gate 6-4, an outer grid plate 6-5, lifting lugs 6-6, and wire rope loops 6-7. The base frame 6-1 is a frame-type component with side holes and internal sliding grooves, welded from thick angle steel and covered with a welded steel plate. The four corners of the base frame 6-1 have longitudinal angle steel extending out of the plate surface to form uprights 6-2-1. A crossbeam 6-2-2, made of angle steel or steel bar, is horizontally welded to the top of the uprights 6-2-1. Reinforcing ribs 6-3 are welded at all right-angle locations (for simplicity). Figure 5 (Only one is shown in the drawing); the pull-out gate 6-4 is a throttling device set at the bottom of the circulating material cage, which plays a throttling role. It is inserted through the rectangular hole on the side of the bottom frame 6-1, and the side is provided with holes for the wire rope to pass through, so as to be pulled out and opened; the four outer grid plates 6-5 are welded or bolted to the outside of the frame composed of the columns 6-2-1 and the crossbeams 6-2-2 to form the ventilation cage wall. The lifting lugs 6-6 are thick steel plates with barbs, which are welded to the outside of the columns 6-2-1 and the crossbeams 6-2-2 to hang the wire rope sleeves; each ventilation circulating material cage 6 ensures that there are at least 4 sets of wire rope sleeves 6-7 during the hoisting operation. During the operation, one ring of the wire rope sleeve 6-7 is hooked into the lifting lug 6-6, and the other ring is placed into the hook of the hoisting equipment. Multiple ventilation circulating material cages are made according to the actual production situation for recycling. The main body of the ventilated circulating material cage 6 is made of steel with a strength of Q355 or higher, and the bottom insertion gate 6-4 is made of high-strength steel plate with a strength of Q490 or higher.

[0064] The unloading system consists of an unloading platform 7 and a supporting lifting system. The unloading platform 7 consists of a base 7-1, columns 7-2, reinforcing ribs 7-3, and a chute 7-4; the supporting lifting system consists of a reinforced concrete track wall 9, a bridge crane 10, and a ground steel plate 11. The base 7-1 is a square frame stepped structure, which matches the bottom frame 6-1 so that the bottom frame 6-1 is embedded and fixed; the columns 7-2 are four square billets, welded to the bottom of the base 7-1; the reinforcing ribs 7-3 are thick steel plates, cross-welded to the inside of the columns 7-2; the chute 7-4 is a frustum structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, which is welded to the lower edge of the base 7-1 at the top. The lower part of the chute 7-4 is welded to the wall of the pyramidal storage chamber 8 so as to guide the material into the storage chamber 8. The unloading platform 7 is located on one side of the underground warehouse 8 and is welded to the floor steel plate 11 close to one side of the underground warehouse wall; the reinforced concrete track wall 9 is set on one side of the underground warehouse 8 and has a foundation that extends into the ground, and its rear wall can be an extension of the rear wall of the underground warehouse.

[0065] A method for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing includes the following steps:

[0066] (1) Adjust the elevation angle of the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor 2 (hereinafter referred to as the inclined belt). The track electric flat car 4 approaches one end of the track and uses indoor cranes 1-6 and 1-7 to hoist the ventilated circulating material cage 6 from the empty cage area 1-3 onto the track electric flat car 4. Alternatively, the circulating material cage that is transporting material back to empty can be placed onto the track electric flat car 4 using an outdoor crane 1-8 in an open-air area. Use a thick steel pipe to push the inclined belt base 2-10 so that its ball outlet end is aligned with the ventilated circulating material cage 6, ensuring that the ball material falls into it. Place a material cage horizontally between the two flat car tracks, ready for connection and transition after the material cage on the car is full.

[0067] (2) After the briquetting machine forms briquettes, the briquettes are conveyed by a horizontal belt conveyor to an inclined belt conveyor, and then guided by a hinged movable thin plate 2-8-3 into the ventilated circulating material cage 6. As the material level in the ventilated circulating material cage 6 rises, the rack and pinion lifting motor and rack and pinion power system 2-9-2 are activated to raise the working part of the inclined belt. The end of the hinged movable thin plate 2-8-3 is initially a distance from the bottom of the circulating material cage, and as the briquette level rises, the end of the hinged movable thin plate 2-8-3 always maintains a distance close to or even touching the briquette level.

[0068] (3) After the ventilation circulating material cage 6 on the previous rail electric flat car 4 is full, it is driven out to the open area. Adjust the rack and pinion power system 2-9-2 of the inclined belt, lower the elevation angle, so that its working part is lowered, and continue to discharge balls into the ventilation circulating material cage.

[0069] (4) During the period when the inclined belt is used to load balls into the new cage, the connecting cage on the ground is lifted away by an overhead crane and the empty cage is placed in the same place to continue to play the connecting role. The lifted full cage is placed on the transfer trolley when it enters the factory and transported out, or temporarily placed in the full cage area 1-4.

[0070] (5) Continue to place empty cages in the previous car or bring back empty cages from the open area. After the next car's cage is full of balls, continue to connect the cages to the ground and the previous car's cage to continue discharging balls. Repeat the above steps to achieve uninterrupted and non-ground-bound ball delivery from the factory.

[0071] (6) After the material cages are transported from the factory building into the working area of ​​the outdoor crane 1-8 in the open area, the outdoor crane 1-8 hoists the material cages to the ground sleeper 5, and the material balls are dried quickly under the sun and circulating air.

[0072] (7) Following the first-in-first-out method, the cages that first enter the open-air material yard are loaded onto trucks and transported out. The dried pellets are then loaded onto trucks and transported to the underground warehouse area 8.

[0073] (8) After the transport vehicle arrives at the storage area 8, it reverses to the working range of the bridge crane 10. The bridge crane 10 lifts the material cage onto the unloading platform 7, and then opens the pull-out gate 6-4. At this time, the spherical material enters the storage area 8 from the chute under the unloading platform 7. Then the bridge crane 10 lifts the empty cage into the empty space on the vehicle. In this way, all the full cages on the vehicle are unloaded.

[0074] (9) After the empty cage is pulled back, it is unloaded onto the flatcar that will be brought into the factory or placed in an open space on the ground for later use.

Claims

1. A system for wet cold consolidation pelletizing to reduce breakage and achieve efficient drying, characterized in that, The system includes: a specially laid-out pelletizing plant, an adjustable-angle buffered output belt conveyor (2), a transfer trolley, a ventilated circulating material cage (6), and an unloading system; the specially laid-out pelletizing plant consists of a steel structure factory area with a color steel roof and an open-air area with hardened ground. The factory area is generally divided into a raw material area (1-1), a pelletizing area (1-2), an empty cage area (1-3), a full cage area (1-4), and a track conveying area (1-5). A ground rail (3) and a ground rail are installed in the track conveying area (1-5). Track-mounted electric flatcar (4); a beam and track are erected on the top of the columns (1-10) in the factory area, and an indoor crane (1-6) and (1-7) are run on the track. A beam is erected on the top of the columns (1-9) outside the factory, and a track is provided on the beam for running an outdoor crane (1-8). A rotatable, adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (2) is set at one end of the indoor pelletizing area (1-2), and a track or billet is laid on the ground within the working range of the outdoor crane (1-8) as a material cage sleeper (5). The adjustable-angle buffered output belt conveyor (2) consists of a working section comprising a belt conveyor longitudinal beam (2-1), end column (2-2), driven column (2-3), drum (2-4), driven roller (2-5), belt (2-6), and lifting power system (2-7); a buffer section comprising a spring frame (2-8-1), arched spring (2-8-2), and hinged movable thin plate (2-8-3); and a lifting system comprising a rack and pinion power table (2-9-1) and a rack and pinion power system. The system consists of a main shaft (2-9-2), a rack and pinion confinement guide (2-9-3), a rack (2-9-4), an articulated trolley body (2-9-5), wheels (2-9-6), and a box-type constraint device (2-9-7) welded to the longitudinal beam of the belt conveyor (2-1); the rotating system consists of a main shaft (2-13-1), a sliding bearing (2-13-2), a thrust bearing (2-13-3), a double-column foundation pit (2-13-4), and an embedded steel sleeve (2-13-5). The conveyor belt longitudinal beam (2-1) is a rectangular frame welded from angle steel. The end posts (2-2) are evenly spaced, and the end posts (2-2) and driven posts (2-3) are welded to the conveyor belt longitudinal beam (2-1). The drum (2-4) is mounted in the holes of the end posts (2-2) via bearings. The driven roller (2-5) is mounted on the driven post (2-3). The belt (2-6) is fitted onto the roller system composed of the drum (2-4) and the driven roller (2-5). The lifting power system (2-7) is welded to a power platform on one end post (2-2), and a motor and coaxial reducer are bolted on. The output... The shaft, coupling, and drum (2-4) are connected; the arched spring (2-8-2) is bolted to the spring frame (2-8-1), and one end of the hinged movable plate (2-8-3) is hinged to one end of the conveyor belt longitudinal beam (2-1), while the other end falls freely and presses against the arched spring (2-8-2); the rack constraint guide (2-9-3) is welded or bolted to the base (2-10) of the conveyor belt; the smooth section of the rack (2-9-4) is inserted into the rack constraint guide (2-9-3); the lifting power system (2-7) is a component with a motor and coaxial reducer mounted on the power platform, and the lifting power... The gears and racks of the power system (2-7) mesh to output power, driving the rack (2-9-4) to move up and down, thereby adjusting the angle of the working part of the conveyor belt; the upper end of the rack (2-9-4) is a hinged trolley body (2-9-5), with shafts welded to both ends. Wheels (2-9-6) are mounted on the shafts at both ends of the hinged trolley body (2-9-5) using bearings; the wheels (2-9-6) are constrained in the box-type restraints (2-9-7) of the guide rail when moving; the main shaft (2-13-1) of the rotating system is a thick-walled steel pipe welded to the lower part of the conveyor belt base (2-10); and the ground in the factory area is set up with... The double-column foundation pit (2-13-4) has a steel sleeve (2-13-5) embedded inside. The upper steel sleeve has a sliding bearing (2-13-2) embedded inside, and the lower steel sleeve is a cup-shaped component with a thrust bearing (2-13-3) placed inside. The main shaft (2-13-1) passes through the sliding bearing (2-13-2) and is inserted into the lower embedded steel sleeve (2-13-5), and finally presses on the thrust bearing (2-13-3). The other end of the belt conveyor working part is hinged to the other end of the belt conveyor base (2-10). The counterweight box (2-12) is placed in a shallow pool welded with steel plates at the other end of the belt conveyor base to prevent movement.

2. The system for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (2) also includes a belt conveyor hinge (2-11) and a counterweight box (2-12). The belt conveyor hinge (2-11) includes a hinge column, a hinge shaft, and a bearing. The counterweight box (2-12) contains a heavy object that can play a counterweight role. The belt conveyor base (2-10) is a structure of a cubic frame welded with angle steel and an outer skin of welded thick steel plate.

3. The system for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (2) is made of steel with a strength of Q355 or higher, and the hinge shaft is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel.

4. The system for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilated circulating material cage (6) is composed of a bottom frame (6-1), columns (6-2-1), crossbeams (6-2-2), reinforcing ribs (6-3), a pull-out gate (6-4), an outer grating plate (6-5), lifting lugs (6-6), and a wire rope sleeve (6-7). The bottom frame (6-1) is a frame-type component with side holes, welded from thick angle steel and covered with a welded steel plate with sliding grooves inside. The four corners of the bottom frame (6-1) are provided with longitudinal angle steel extending out of the plate surface to form columns (6-2-1), and a crossbeam (6-2-2) is welded horizontally to the top of the column (6-2-1). The steel bars are angle steel or steel bars; the reinforcing ribs (6-3) are welded to all right-angled parts; the pull-out gate (6-4) is set at the bottom of the circulating material cage, inserted from the rectangular hole on the side of the bottom frame (6-1), with holes on the side for the wire rope to pass through, and is used to pull and open; the outer grid plate (6-5) is welded or bolted to the outside of the frame composed of the columns (6-2-1) and the beams (6-2-2) to form a ventilated cage wall; the lifting lugs (6-6) are thick steel plates with barbs, welded to the outside of the columns (6-2-1) and the beams (6-2-2) for hanging wire rope sleeves.

5. The wet cold consolidation pelletizing system for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each ventilation circulating material cage (6) has more than 4 wire rope loops (6-7) during hoisting operations. During operation, one ring of the wire rope loop (6-7) is hooked into the lifting lug (6-6), and the other ring is placed into the hook of the hoisting equipment. The main body of the ventilation circulating material cage (6) is made of steel with a strength of Q355 or higher, and the bottom insertion gate (6-4) is made of high-strength steel plate with a strength of Q490 or higher.

6. The system for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying in wet cold consolidation pelletizing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading system consists of an unloading platform (7) and a supporting lifting system; the unloading platform (7) consists of a base (7-1), columns (7-2), reinforcing ribs (7-3), and chutes (7-4); the supporting lifting system consists of a reinforced concrete track wall (9), a bridge crane (10), and a ground steel plate (11); the base (7-1) is a square frame stepped structure, matched with the bottom frame (6-1), so that the bottom frame (6-1) is embedded and fixed; the columns (7-2) are 4 square billets, welded to the bottom of the base (7-1); the reinforcing ribs (7-3) are... Thick steel plates are cross-welded to the inside of the column (7-2); the chute (7-4) is a truncated pyramid structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, which is welded to the lower edge of the platform (7-1). The lower part of the chute (7-4) is welded to the wall of the pyramidal storage chamber (8) so as to guide the material into the storage chamber (8); the unloading platform (7) is located on one side of the pyramidal storage chamber (8) and is welded to the floor steel plate (11) against one side of the storage chamber wall; the reinforced concrete track wall (9) is set on one side of the storage chamber (8) and has a foundation that extends into the ground. Its rear wall is an extension of the rear wall of the storage chamber.

7. A method for reducing breakage and achieving efficient drying through wet cold consolidation pelletizing, implemented using the system described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the elevation angle of the adjustable-angle buffer output conveyor (2), bring the rail electric flatcar (4) close to one end of the rail and use indoor cranes (1-6) and (1-7) to lift the ventilation circulating material cage (6) from the empty cage area (1-3) onto the rail electric flatcar (4), or use the outdoor crane (1-8) in the open area to place the circulating material cage that is transporting material back to empty onto the rail electric flatcar (4), push the adjustable-angle buffer output conveyor base (2-10) so that its ball end is aligned with the ventilation circulating material cage (6) to ensure that the ball material falls into it; place a material cage horizontally in the middle of the two flatcar rails, ready to connect and transition after the material cage on the car is full; Step 2: After the briquetting machine makes briquettes, the briquettes are conveyed by a horizontal belt conveyor to a buffer output belt conveyor (2) with adjustable elevation angle. Then, they are guided by a hinged movable thin plate (2-8-3) into the ventilated circulating material cage (6). As the material level in the ventilated circulating material cage (6) rises, the rack and pinion lifting motor rack and pinion power system (2-9-2) is started to raise the working part of the buffer output belt conveyor (2) with adjustable elevation angle. At the beginning, the end of the hinged movable thin plate (2-8-3) is a distance away from the bottom of the ventilated circulating material cage (6). As the briquette level rises, the end of the hinged movable thin plate (2-8-3) always maintains a distance close to or even touching the briquette level. Step 3: After the ventilation circulating material cage (6) on the previous rail electric flat car (4) is full, it is driven out to the open area. The rack and pinion power system (2-9-2) of the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (2) is adjusted to lower the angle so that its working part is lowered and continues to discharge balls into the ventilation circulating material cage (6). Step 4: During the period when the adjustable-angle buffer output belt conveyor (2) is used to load balls into the new ventilation circulating material cage (6), the connecting material cage on the ground is lifted away by the overhead crane and the empty cage is placed in place to continue to play the connecting role; the lifted full cage is placed on the transfer trolley when it enters the vehicle and transported out of the factory, or temporarily placed in the full cage area. Step 5: Continue to place empty cages in the previous car or bring back empty cages from the open area. After the next car's cage is full of balls, continue to connect the cages to the ground and the previous car's cage to continue discharging balls. Repeat the steps to achieve uninterrupted and non-ground-bound ball discharge from the factory. Step 6: After the material cages transported from the factory building enter the working area of ​​the outdoor crane (1-8) in the open area, the outdoor crane (1-8) lifts the material cages onto the ground material cage sleepers (5), and the ball material dries quickly under the sun and circulating air. Step 7: Following the first-in, first-out method, the cages that first enter the open-air material yard are loaded onto trucks and transported out. The dried pellets are then loaded onto trucks and transported to the underground warehouse (8) area. Step 8: After the transport vehicle arrives at the warehouse (8) area, it reverses to the working range of the bridge crane (10). The bridge crane (10) lifts the material cage to the unloading platform (7) and then pulls open the sliding gate (6-4). At this time, the ball material enters the warehouse (8) from the chute under the unloading platform (7). Then the bridge crane (10) lifts the empty cage into the empty space on the vehicle. In this way, all the full cages on the vehicle are unloaded. Step 9: After the empty cage is pulled back, it is unloaded onto the flatcar that will enter the factory or placed in the empty space of the open-air material cage ground pillow (5) for later use.

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