A mineral processing technology for high-mud-containing copper ore flotation under high-cold and hypoxic environment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-cold hypoxia environment under high-mud copper ore flotation beneficiation process, using the technical scheme of " one-time fast selection + one-time rough selection + twice concentration + twice scavenging + scavenging foam centralized selection", and the foam of scavenging foam centralized selection can throw more than 80% of the slurry foam slurry, realize "slurry open road", solve the problem that slurry in the flotation system is vicious cycle due to accumulation and slurry flocculation causes copper and molybdenum mineral loss. At the same time, the flowability of useful mineral foam is greatly improved, which can promote the foam layer to be thick, dense and stable, improve the beneficiation index, and reduce the reagent cost; the concentration of middling concentration is controlled to be 15% to 25%, low-concentration flotation is realized, the problem of low concentrate grade and multiple concentration caused by slurry flocculation and entrainment in high-concentration flotation process is solved, the concentration process is simplified, and the concentrate grade is improved; finally, the copper concentrate grade reaches more than 20%, and the copper concentrate recovery rate is increased by 5-10%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical smelting and processing technology, and in particular to a mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment. Background Technology

[0002] Copper minerals found in nature mainly include primary copper sulfide ores, secondary copper sulfide ores, and copper oxide ores. In addition, small amounts of copper exist as native copper and as copper sulfates, carbonates, and silicates. Approximately 90% of the world's primary copper production comes from sulfide ores. These ores are generally dominated by chalcopyrite, bornite, and chalcocite, followed by chalcocite, chalcopyrite, and chalcocite. Gangue minerals mainly include mica, feldspar, chlorite, and kaolinite.

[0003] High-mud copper deposits in cold, oxygen-deficient environments have two main characteristics. First, they contain easily mud-forming gangue. These minerals become muddy after grinding, forming fine-grained, low-mass slime with large specific surface area, high surface unsaturated bonds, high surface energy, and high charge. During flotation, this slime adsorbs flotation reagents and non-selectively covers minerals, reducing the effective concentration and selectivity of the reagents in the pulp, thus lowering the concentrate grade. This leads to increased use of modifiers and collectors, resulting in excessive waste and increased reagent costs. Furthermore, the slime-laden concentrate is difficult to dewater, and the copper minerals covered by the slime cannot be effectively recovered. If middlings are returned and slime accumulates in the flotation system, it creates a vicious cycle, further affecting performance indicators. Second, the cold, oxygen-deficient environment reduces the collecting performance of reagents, impacting beneficiation performance.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for processing copper sulfide ores include conventional flotation, potentiometric flotation, or a combination of gravity separation and flotation, as well as a combination of magnetic separation and flotation. However, there is limited research on flotation methods for high-mud-content copper ores in cold, oxygen-deficient environments. Patent CN 105435966 B discloses a beneficiation method for copper sulfide ores containing muddy gangue minerals. This method uses lime as a pH adjuster and pyrite inhibitor for the flotation pulp of copper sulfide ores containing easily muddy gangue minerals, and sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium silicate, or ethylenediamine as a gangue slime dispersant. The ore undergoes a first-stage grinding, a first-stage roughing, a first-stage scavenging, and a third-stage cleaning process. Before the pulp enters the first roughing, first-stage scavenging, and first-stage cleaning stages, it is subjected to strong stirring and pulp conditioning. Through the rational combination and addition of reagents, the grinding and pulp conditioning processes are strengthened, thereby eliminating the adverse effects of gangue slime on the flotation of copper sulfide minerals. However, this patent uses lime to adjust the slurry, which can lead to problems such as calcification and scaling of pipes and equipment, and high pH value of return water when applied in the field. In addition, the fine calcium carbonate particles in the lime water can cause the environmental particulate matter to exceed the standard, and the nitrogen oxides generated during the lime burning process can cause adverse effects such as air pollution and health problems.

[0005] Therefore, in order to process copper minerals with high mud content, reduce reagent costs, and improve the utilization rate of copper resources, it is particularly necessary to develop clean copper beneficiation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mineral processing technology that simplifies the fine selection process, improves the concentrate grade, reduces reagent costs, and effectively removes the mud from the slurry foam in the flotation of high-mud-content copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment, characterized by the following steps:

[0008] S1. The copper sulfide ore to be selected is processed by grinding and classification process to obtain flotation pulp. The mass fraction of solids in the flotation pulp is 26%-30%, and the fineness of -200 mesh is 60%-68%.

[0009] S2. Add the first preset reagent to the flotation slurry obtained in step S1 to carry out the fast separation process of copper sulfide to obtain fast separation rough concentrate and fast separation tailings.

[0010] S3. Add a second preset reagent to the fast-selection tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out the roughing process of copper sulfide to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings.

[0011] S4. After merging the fast-selected rough concentrate and the rough-selected rough concentrate from steps S2 and S3, perform two fine-selection operations to obtain copper concentrate 1.

[0012] S5. Perform two scavenging operations on the roughing tailings in step S3. The foam products from scavenging I and scavenging II are combined into a comprehensive middlings product. The underflow product from the second scavenging operation is tailings 1.

[0013] S6. Add a third preset reagent to the comprehensive middlings product obtained in step S5 for middlings centralized flotation treatment. The mass fraction of solids in the slurry is 15%-25% (achieving low-concentration flotation, breaking the traditional high-concentration flotation process for copper sulfide beneficiation), to obtain copper concentrate 2 and tailings 2.

[0014] In steps S7, S2 to S6, the remaining products are returned step by step to form a closed-loop process flow.

[0015] The main copper minerals in the copper sulfide ore described in step S1 are chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and bornite, while the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, feldspar, mica, and kaolinite. The main components of the copper ore include: Cu: 0.50-0.80%, Mo: 0.012-0.016%, SiO2: 70-95.50%, Al2O3: 6.0-8.70%, and MgO: 1.5-4.5%.

[0016] The first preset reagent components in step S2 are: CaO dosage 500-1000g / t, BK404B dosage 7-21g / t, BK345 dosage 7-14g / t, and BK201 dosage 5-10g / t.

[0017] The second preset reagent components in step S3 are: CaO dosage 2500-3500g / t, BK404B dosage 21-35g / t, and BK201 dosage 7-14g / t.

[0018] The copper concentrate 1 obtained in step S4 has a copper grade of more than 20% and a recovery rate of more than 50%.

[0019] The copper grade of the integrated mineral products mentioned in step S5 is greater than 2.0%, and the ore is severely muddy, while the copper grade of tailings 1 is less than 0.15%.

[0020] The third preset reagent component in step S6 is: BK404B dosage 7-21g / t, the copper concentrate 2 has a copper grade greater than 25%, and a recovery rate greater than 20%.

[0021] In step S6, the copper grade of tailings 2 is less than 0.20%, which corresponds to a raw ore yield of 15-20% and a tailings yield of 80-95% in the comprehensive middlings. This means that more than 80% of the mud-containing minerals in the comprehensive middlings are separated by the "scavenging froth concentration separation" process to achieve "sludge clearing". This avoids the vicious cycle of sludge accumulation in the flotation system, improves the fluidity of the useful mineral froth in the flotation system, and improves the flotation efficiency.

[0022] This ensures that the overall copper recovery rate is greater than 85%.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention utilizes the actual process flow on site and combines the characteristics of the froth slurry in each operation to "concentrate the separation of scavenging froth" and form "open path for ore slime", which greatly saves the amount of reagents used and solves the problem of a large amount of ore slime troubling the flotation index. Compared with the traditional process, the copper recovery rate is increased by 5-10%.

[0025] 2. The concentration of the ore in this invention reaches 15%-25%, breaking the traditional high-concentration flotation process for copper sulfide ore beneficiation. It solves the problems of low concentrate grade, low recovery rate, and multiple concentrate flotation cycles caused by sludge flocculation and entrainment due to high flotation concentration. It creatively realizes a low-concentration flotation process for high-mud copper sulfide ore in cold and oxygen-deficient environments, simplifies the beneficiation process, and improves the concentrate grade.

[0026] 3. This invention also features a simple process, ease of industrial application, and efficient processing of slime in high-mud copper ores. Furthermore, the process optimization technology is original in the field of mineral processing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 The present invention will be further illustrated by specific embodiments:

[0029] Example 1: A high-mud-content copper ore from a high-altitude, oxygen-deficient region was processed according to the process of this invention. The copper ore composition is shown in Table 1 below:

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

[0032] The specific steps are as follows:

[0033] S1 processes the copper sulfide ore to be selected through a grinding and classification process to obtain a flotation pulp, wherein the mass fraction of the flotation pulp is 28% and the fineness of -200 mesh accounts for 63%.

[0034] S2 adds the following reagents to the flotation slurry obtained in step S1: CaO 550g / t, BK404B 14g / t, BK345 10g / t, and BK201 7g / t to carry out the fast separation process of copper sulfide to obtain fast separation rough concentrate and fast separation tailings.

[0035] S3 adds the following reagents to the fast-selection tailings obtained in step S2: CaO 3000g / t, BK404B 28g / t, and BK201 10g / t to carry out the roughing process of copper sulfide to obtain rough concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0036] S4 combines the fast-selected rough concentrate and the rough-selected rough concentrate from steps S2 and S3 into two fine-selection operations to obtain copper concentrate 1, which contains 20.52% copper and has a recovery rate of 51.38%.

[0037] S5 performs two scavenging operations on the roughing tailings from step S3. The froth products from scavenging I and scavenging II are combined into a comprehensive middlings product. The bottom run product from the second scavenging operation is tailings 1. The comprehensive middlings product contains 2.84% copper and is severely muddy, while tailings 1 contains 0.14% copper.

[0038] S6. Add 7g / t of BK404B to the middlings product obtained in step S5 and perform centralized flotation treatment of middlings to obtain copper concentrate 2 and tailings 2; wherein the copper concentrate 2 contains 26.14% copper and has a recovery rate of 26.30%.

[0039] In steps S7, S2 to S6, the remaining products are returned step by step to form a closed-loop process flow.

[0040] In this embodiment, the final copper recovery rate was 83.55%.

[0041] Example 2: A high-mud-bearing copper ore from a high-altitude, oxygen-deficient region was processed according to the process of this invention. The copper ore composition is shown in Table 2 below:

[0042] Table 2

[0043]

[0044] The specific steps are as follows:

[0045] S1 processes the copper sulfide ore to be selected through a grinding and classification process to obtain a flotation pulp, wherein the mass fraction of the flotation pulp is 30% and the fineness of -200 mesh accounts for 67%.

[0046] S2 adds the following reagents to the flotation slurry obtained in step S1: CaO 750g / t, BK404B 21g / t, BK345 14g / t, and BK201 10g / t to carry out the fast separation process of copper sulfide to obtain fast separation rough concentrate and fast separation tailings.

[0047] S3 adds the following reagents to the fast-selection tailings obtained in step S2: CaO 3300g / t, BK404B 35g / t, and BK201 14g / t to carry out the roughing process of copper sulfide to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings.

[0048] S4 combines the fast-selected rough concentrate and the rough-selected rough concentrate from steps S2 and S3 into two fine-selection operations to obtain copper concentrate 1, which has a copper grade of 22.96% and a recovery rate of 55.07%.

[0049] S5 performs two scavenging operations on the roughing tailings from step S3. The froth products from scavenging I and scavenging II are combined into a comprehensive middlings product. The bottom run product from the second scavenging operation is tailings 1. The comprehensive middlings product contains 2.65% copper and is severely muddy, while tailings 1 contains 0.15% copper.

[0050] S6. Add 14 g / t of BK404B to the middlings product obtained in step S5 and perform centralized flotation treatment to obtain copper concentrate 2 and tailings 2; wherein the copper concentrate 2 contains 24.64% copper and has a recovery rate of 30.19%.

[0051] In steps S7, S2 to S6, the remaining products are returned step by step to form a closed-loop process flow.

[0052] In this embodiment, the final copper recovery rate was 86.67%.

[0053] The present invention has been described in detail above. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of this application should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment, characterized in that: Follow these steps: S1. The copper sulfide ore to be processed by grinding and classification process is used to obtain flotation pulp. The mass fraction of solids in the flotation pulp is 26%-30%, and the fineness of -200 mesh is 60%-68%. S2. Add the first preset reagent to the flotation slurry obtained in step S1 to carry out the fast separation process of copper sulfide to obtain fast separation rough concentrate and fast separation tailings. S3. Add a second preset reagent to the fast-selection tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out the roughing process of copper sulfide to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings. S4. After merging the fast-selected rough concentrate and the rough-selected rough concentrate from steps S2 and S3, perform two fine-selection operations to obtain copper concentrate 1. S5. Perform two scavenging operations on the roughing tailings in step S3. The foam products from scavenging I and scavenging II are combined into a comprehensive middlings product. The underflow product from the second scavenging operation is tailings 1. S6. Add a third preset reagent to the comprehensive middlings product obtained in step S5 for middlings centralized flotation treatment. The mass fraction of solids in the slurry is 15%-25%, and copper concentrate 2 and tailings 2 are obtained. In steps S7, S2 to S6, the remaining products are returned step by step to form a closed-loop process flow.

2. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper sulfide ore mentioned in step S1 is chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and bornite, and the gangue minerals include quartz, feldspar, mica, and kaolinite; the copper ore composition... Includes: Cu: 0.50-0.80%, Mo: 0.012-0.016%, SiO2: 70-95.50%, Al2O3: 6.0-8.70%, MgO: 1.5-4.5%.

3. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset reagent components in step S2 are: CaO dosage 500-1000 g / t, BK404B dosage 7-21 g / t, BK345 dosage 7-14 g / t, and BK201 dosage 5-10 g / t.

4. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second preset reagent components in step S3 are: CaO dosage 2500-3500 g / t, BK404B dosage 21-35 g / t, and BK201 dosage 7-14 g / t.

5. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper concentrate 1 obtained in step S4 has a copper grade of more than 20% and a recovery rate of more than 50%.

6. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper grade of the integrated mineral products mentioned in step S5 is greater than 2.0%, and the ore is severely muddy, while the copper grade of tailings 1 is less than 0.15%.

7. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third preset reagent component in step S6 is: BK404B, dosage 7-21 g / t, the copper concentrate 2 has a copper grade greater than 25% and a recovery rate greater than 20%.

8. The mineral processing technology for flotation of high-mud copper ore in a cold and oxygen-deficient environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the copper grade of tailings 2 is less than 0.20%, which corresponds to a raw ore yield of 15-20% and a tailings yield of 80-95% for the comprehensive middlings.

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