A method for installing a steel beam of a daylighting roof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of daylighting roof construction, and particularly relates to a mounting construction method of a daylighting roof steel beam, a plurality of post-embedded parts are embedded in the sliding direction at both ends of a roof, a channel steel is laid as a steel rail at a position requiring sliding, the channel steel and the post-embedded parts are fixed through welding, the steel beam is hoisted to the roof and assembled, the steel beam is hoisted to the roof in three sections through a crane, and the steel beam is assembled into a main steel beam horizontally crossing the roof. The present application adopts a segmented lifting to the roof and then assembling into a whole for the installation of a large-span main steel beam of a daylighting roof, reduces the hoisting difficulty in a narrow space, temporarily reinforces the single main steel beam through a supporting arm after hoisting the single main steel beam into place during the installation of the main steel beam, and does not cause a large vertical displacement, connects two adjacent main steel beams into a whole through a secondary beam and an I-beam, forms a flat first sliding body, increases the integrity of the steel beam, and reduces displacement deformation in the sliding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of skylight construction technology, specifically to a method for installing steel beams for skylights. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the continuous development of the construction industry, many hospital outpatient buildings adopt skylight structures to provide more natural light, which can reduce eye fatigue and visual strain, improve the comfort of indoor spaces, and also save energy. Especially in hospital settings, the ultraviolet rays in natural light have a bactericidal effect and reduce bacterial growth.

[0003] For large-span roof structures, steel beams are typically hoisted and then slid for installation. However, due to the large diameter and width of the steel beams, it is difficult to directly place them onto the roof. Furthermore, during the lateral sliding process of a single steel beam, the integrity of both ends is poor, making it prone to large vertical displacement and difficult to guarantee sliding accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new installation method for skylight steel beams. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for installing a skylight steel beam, comprising the following steps: S101. Multiple post-embedded parts are pre-embedded at both ends of the roof along the sliding direction. Channel steel is laid as a rail at the position where sliding is required. The channel steel is fixed to the post-embedded parts by welding. S102. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof and assembled. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof in three sections by a crane and then assembled into a main steel beam that spans the roof. S103. The main steel beam described in S102 is hoisted onto the roof using a crane, so that both ends of the main steel beam are connected to the steel rails at both ends of the roof via slippers, and both ends of the main steel beam are supported by support arms. S104. Hoist the second main steel beam and connect it with the first main steel beam. After hoisting the second main steel beam to a certain distance from the first main steel beam using the method in S103, install four secondary beams and two I-beams between the two main steel beams to form a stable first sliding body. S105. Slide the first sliding body in S104 along the position of the rail. After connecting the first sliding body with the traction device, pull the sliding body to slide a certain distance along the rail to reserve a hoisting position for the next main steel beam. S106. Hoist the third main steel beam and connect it to the first sliding body. After hoisting the third main steel beam to the designated position as in S103, install four secondary beams and two I-beams between the third main steel beam and the second main steel beam in the first sliding body to form the second sliding body. S107. Repeat S105 and S106 to install the subsequent main steel beams in sequence, forming the third sliding body, the fourth sliding body and the fifth sliding body in sequence, and finally forming a complete skylight steel beam structure. S108. Remove the steel rails and I-beams and install the skylight steel beam structure in the preset position.

[0005] Preferably, the crane in S102 is a 300t truck crane, and the traction device is mainly a 10t hand chain hoist.

[0006] Preferably, the skis consist of a U-shaped steel plate and a split sliding plate fixed to the bottom of the U-shaped steel plate, with the U-shaped steel plate portion of the skis engaging with the bottom end face of the main steel beam.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the front end of the slipper is provided with an inner groove, a shock-absorbing spring is embedded in the inner groove, a pulley is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shock-absorbing spring, and the pulley plate is a split type.

[0008] Preferably, the skateboard includes a fixed skateboard and a movable skateboard. The bottom of the skateboard has a groove. The movable skateboard is movably mounted on the groove by a slider. The fixed skateboard has a slot on the side near the movable skateboard. A spring rod is installed on the side of the movable skateboard near the fixed skateboard. The spring rod is adapted to the groove.

[0009] Preferably, anti-compression springs are installed at both ends of the bottom of the slipper near the pulley, and a washer is fixedly connected to one end of the anti-compression spring. The upper end of the washer is horizontally aligned with the central axis of the pulley.

[0010] Preferably, in S103, the two ends of the main steel beam are supported by support arms, with one end of the support arm welded to the side of the end of the main steel beam, and the other end welded to the side of the horizontal rail at a certain angle.

[0011] Preferably, the removal of the rails and I-beams involves first cutting off all the rails except for the part in contact with the sliding shoes, then placing jacks at both ends of each sliding shoe to lift the entire skylight steel beam structure, then removing the sliding shoes, lowering the entire skylight steel beam structure back onto the roof and welding it in place, and finally removing the I-beams at both ends of the main steel beam.

[0012] Preferably, a level sensor is embedded in both ends of the sliding shoe, and an alarm light is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sliding shoe near the level sensor, and a buzzer is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sliding shoe near the level sensor. The level sensor, the alarm light, and the buzzer are all electrically connected to each other through a controller.

[0013] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention provides an installation method for a skylight steel beam, which has at least the following beneficial effects: For the installation of skylight steel beams, the method first lifts the main steel beams of large spans to the roof in sections and then assembles them into a whole, reducing the difficulty of hoisting in narrow spaces. At the same time, during the installation of the main steel beams, after a single main steel beam is hoisted into place, it is temporarily reinforced by a support arm, so that there will be no large vertical displacement. Adjacent main steel beams are connected into a whole by secondary beams and I-beams to form a flat first sliding body, which increases the integrity of the steel beam and reduces displacement deformation during the sliding process. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0015] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the steel beam after installation of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first sliding body in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the second sliding body in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the third sliding body in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the skylight steel beam structure in this invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the temporary reinforcement during the installation of a single main steel beam in the method of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sliding boot in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the slipper in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Rail; 2. Main steel beam; 3. Slide shoe; 31. Fixed slide plate; 32. Moving slide plate; 301. Slide groove; 3201. Slider; 3101. Slot; 321. Spring rod; 311. Inner groove; 3301. Pulley; 34. Compression spring; 3401. Shim; 4. Support arm; 5. First sliding body; 6. Second sliding body; 7. Third sliding body; 8. Skylight steel beam structure; 9. Jack; 10. Secondary beam; 11. I-beam; 12. Horizontal sensor; 1201. Alarm light; 1202. Buzzer. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Combination Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides: an installation method for a skylight steel beam, comprising the following steps: Preparations for installation include: 1) After the concrete surface construction is completed, the flatness of the top of the concrete beam needs to be checked. During the concrete pouring construction, the elevation of the top plane of the beam should be controlled, and the error should be within -15mm to 5mm. 2) When the design top surface of the track beam differs from the actual surface by -15mm to -5mm, steel plates are inserted into the uneven surface. 3) Grouting is performed when the design top surface of the track beam differs from the actual surface by -5mm to +5mm; 4) When the design top surface of the track beam differs from the actual surface by +5mm to +15mm, use a wire brush to level the concrete surface; 5) When the design top surface of the track beam differs from the actual surface by more than +15mm, consult with the civil engineering and design units to resolve the issue.

[0019] S101. Multiple post-embedded parts are pre-embedded at both ends of the roof along the sliding direction with a spacing of 750mm. 18# channel steel (Q235B) is laid at the position where sliding is required as rail 1 to play the role of load bearing and guidance. The top plate elevation is 24.1m. The channel steel and the post-embedded parts are fixed by welding. S102. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof and assembled. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof in three sections by a crane. Each section of the steel beam is hoisted by a 300t truck crane with a boom length of 64.8m and a hoisting radius of 38m. The rated hoisting capacity Q = 16.2t > the weight of the steel beam G = (12.12 + 1.0 (weight of hook and rope)) × 1.1 = 14.44t, which meets the hoisting requirements. The steel beams are then assembled into a main steel beam 2 that spans the roof. The joint of the sliding beam should be flat and there should be no height difference. The offset between the center line of the sliding beam and the center line of the sliding beam should be controlled within ±3mm. The main steel beam 2 weighs 12.2 tons. S103. The main steel beam 2 described in S102 is hoisted onto the roof using a 300t crane. The two ends of the main steel beam 2 are connected to the steel rails 1 at both ends of the roof via sliding shoes 3. The sliding shoes 3 consist of a U-shaped steel plate and a split sliding plate fixed to the bottom of the U-shaped steel plate. The sliding plate includes a fixed sliding plate 31 and a movable sliding plate 32. A groove 301 is provided at the bottom of the sliding shoe. The movable sliding plate 32 is movably mounted on the groove 301 via a slider 3201. The fixed sliding plate 31 is positioned on the side closest to the movable sliding plate 32. A slot 3101 is provided. A spring rod 321 is installed on the side of the movable slide plate 32 near the fixed slide plate 31. The spring rod 321 is adapted to the slide groove 301. The U-shaped steel plate part of the slide shoe 3 is engaged with the bottom end face of the main steel beam 2. An inner groove 311 is provided at the bottom of the front end of the slide shoe 3. A shock-absorbing spring is embedded in the inner groove 311. A pulley 3301 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shock-absorbing spring. Compression springs 34 are installed at both ends of the bottom of the slide shoe 3 near the pulleys 3301. A washer 34 is fixedly connected to one end of the compression spring 34. 01. The upper horizontal position of the pad 3401 is aligned with the central axis of the pulley 3301. During longitudinal traction, the pulley 331 at the bottom of the shoe provides sliding traction, greatly improving the movement performance of the shoe. When the overall longitudinal movement stops, the pads 3401 fixed at both ends of the pulley 331 provide strong support, preventing the pulley 331 from being damaged due to insufficient pressure after the traction stops, thus preventing the whole from collapsing. Secondly, during lateral traction, the moving slide plate 32 and the fixed slide plate 31 at the bottom of the shoe provide sliding traction. During the movement of the moving slide plate 32 towards the fixed slide plate 31, if the movement distance exceeds the spring rod 321 on one side of the moving slide plate 31, the spring rod 321 will contact the slot 3101 of the fixed slide plate 31 and form a reverse force, preventing excessive lateral traction and causing the whole to tilt due to inertia. In summary, the shoe 3 and its components provide stable traction, and the whole remains stable during the up and down movement.Both ends of the sliding shoe 3 are embedded with level sensors 12. An alarm light 1201 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sliding shoe 3 near the level sensor 12, and a buzzer 1202 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sliding shoe 3 near the level sensor 12. The level sensors 12, alarm light 1201, and buzzer 1202 are all electrically connected to each other via a controller. The sliding shoe 3 is monitored in real time by the level sensors 12 to ensure overall stable traction during the traction process. If any individual sliding shoe 3 experiences uneven force or other problems during traction, causing tilting, the level sensor 1201 at that location of the sliding shoe 3 will detect the tilt. 2. The data feedback will be sent to the controller to activate the buzzer 1202 to sound an alarm and the alarm light 1201 to flash. At this time, the traction action needs to be stopped immediately, and the problem should be identified and resolved in time by observing the flashing position of the alarm light 1201 to ensure that the overall deviation does not cause the steel beam to fall. The upper surface of the sliding shoe 3 and the sliding beam should be lubricated with grease before sliding. Both ends of the main steel beam 2 are supported by support arms 4. One end of the support arm 4 is welded to the side of the end of the main steel beam 2, and the other end is welded to the side of the horizontal rail 1 at a certain angle. The support arm 4 is removed after welding to the previous main steel beam 2. Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 As shown; S104. Hoist the second main steel beam 2 and connect it to the first main steel beam 2. Hoist the second main steel beam 2 to a distance of 24.05 meters from the first main steel beam 2 using the method in S103. Install four secondary beams 10 and two I20b I-beams 11 between the two main steel beams 2 to form a stable first sliding body 5. Figure 2 As shown; S105. Slide the first sliding body 5 in S104 along the position of the rail 1. After connecting the first sliding body 5 with the traction device, pull the sliding body along the rail 1 for 4.05m. The sliding weight is 25 tons. The traction device is a 10t hand chain hoist. Reserve the hoisting position for the next main steel beam 2. S106. Hoist the third main steel beam 2 and connect it to the first sliding body 5. After hoisting the third main steel beam 2 to the designated position as in S103, install four secondary beams 10 and two I-beams 11 between the third main steel beam 2 and the second main steel beam 2 within the first sliding body 5 to form the second sliding body 6. Figure 3 As shown; S107, repeating the methods of S105 and S106, to complete the installation of the subsequent main steel beam 2, thus forming the third sliding body 7 as follows. Figure 4 As shown, the fourth and fifth sliding bodies ultimately form a complete skylight steel beam structure 8, as... Figure 5 As shown; S108. Remove the steel rail 1 and I-beam 11, and install the skylight steel beam structure 8 to the preset position. First, cut off all parts of the steel rail 1 except for the part in contact with the sliding shoe 3. Then, place jacks 9 at both ends of each sliding shoe 3. The maximum load capacity of jacks 9 is 100t. The lower end of jacks 9 contacts the roof. Then, jacks 9 lift the skylight steel beam structure 8 as a whole. At this time, the sliding shoe 3 is separated from the main steel beam 2. Lower the skylight steel beam structure 8 back to the roof and weld it in place. Then, remove the I-beams 11 at both ends of the main steel beam 2. Figure 6 As shown.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0021] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for installing a steel beam for a skylight roof, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101. Multiple post-embedded parts are pre-embedded at both ends of the roof along the sliding direction. Channel steel is laid as a rail at the position where sliding is required. The channel steel is fixed to the post-embedded parts by welding. S102. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof and assembled. The steel beams are hoisted onto the roof in three sections by a crane and then assembled into a main steel beam that spans the roof. S103. The main steel beam described in S102 is hoisted onto the roof using a crane, so that both ends of the main steel beam are connected to the steel rails at both ends of the roof via slippers, and both ends of the main steel beam are supported by support arms. S104. Hoist the second main steel beam and connect it with the first main steel beam. After hoisting the second main steel beam to a certain distance from the first main steel beam using the method in S103, install four secondary beams and two I-beams between the two main steel beams to form a stable first sliding body. S105. Slide the first sliding body in S104 along the position of the rail. After connecting the first sliding body with the traction device, pull the sliding body to slide a certain distance along the rail to reserve a hoisting position for the next main steel beam. S106. Hoist the third main steel beam and connect it to the first sliding body. After hoisting the third main steel beam to the designated position as in S103, install four secondary beams and two I-beams between the third main steel beam and the second main steel beam in the first sliding body to form the second sliding body. S107. Repeat S105 and S106 to install the subsequent main steel beams in sequence, forming the third sliding body, the fourth sliding body and the fifth sliding body in sequence, and finally forming a complete skylight steel beam structure. S108. Remove the steel rails and I-beams and install the skylight steel beam structure into the preset position; The sliding shoe consists of a U-shaped steel plate and a split sliding plate fixed to the bottom of the U-shaped steel plate. The U-shaped steel plate part of the sliding shoe is snapped into the bottom end face of the main steel beam. The bottom of the front end of the slipper is provided with an inner groove, and a shock-absorbing spring is embedded in the inner groove. A pulley is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shock-absorbing spring. The skateboard includes a fixed skateboard and a movable skateboard. The bottom of the skateboard has a groove. The movable skateboard is movably mounted on the groove by a slider. The fixed skateboard has a slot on the side near the movable skateboard. The movable skateboard has a spring rod installed on the side near the fixed skateboard. The spring rod is adapted to the slot. The bottom of the slipper is equipped with anti-compression springs at both ends near the pulley. One end of each anti-compression spring is fixedly connected to a washer, and the upper end of the washer is horizontally aligned with the central axis of the pulley.

2. The installation method for a skylight steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crane in S102 is a 300t truck crane, and the traction device is a 10t hand chain hoist.

3. The installation and construction method of a skylight roof steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main steel beam described in S103 is supported at both ends by support arms. One end of the support arm is welded to the side of the end of the main steel beam, and the other end is welded to the side of the horizontal rail at a certain angle.

4. The installation and construction method of a skylight roof steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The removal of the steel rails and I-beams involves first cutting off all the steel rails except for the parts in contact with the sliding shoes, then placing jacks at both ends of each sliding shoe to lift the entire skylight steel beam structure. After removing the sliding shoes, the entire skylight steel beam structure is lowered back onto the roof and welded in place. Finally, the I-beams at both ends of the main steel beam are removed.

5. The installation method of a skylight roof steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the sliding shoe are embedded with level sensors, and an alarm light is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sliding shoe near the level sensor, and a buzzer is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sliding shoe near the level sensor. The level sensor, the alarm light, and the buzzer are all electrically connected to each other through a controller.

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