Chemical complete device direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of chemical complete plant direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment, it is related to carbon emission monitoring field, the equipment measurement pipeline module includes: sampling gas measurement pipeline, auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, air measurement pipeline and tail gas measurement pipeline;The measurement pipeline module is used to adjust each test pipeline opening degree to measure different types of sampling gas;Gas processing module realizes sufficient efficient combustion;The data acquisition, processing, control module can collect different pipeline temperature, pressure, flow, concentration, real-time judge data validity, calculate carbon emission concentration, automatically or remote expert control abnormal condition.The application can not be limited by the type and content of gas measured by chemical complete plant, realize direct carbon emission accurate, second-level, long-time stable continuous monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission monitoring, and in particular to a continuous monitoring device for direct carbon emissions from a complete set of chemical plants. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon emission source monitoring is the most direct way to conduct carbon accounting and evaluate the carbon reduction effect of production processes. It is closely related to industries and production processes. The forms of carbon emissions from different industries and production processes are complex (point source emissions and fugitive emissions, among which point source emissions are of many types, such as direct emissions from process vent pipes and chimneys, emissions from flare treatment, etc.) and vary greatly (emission gas concentration, flow rate, type, etc., location of monitoring points, monitoring methods, etc.). This makes existing carbon monitoring difficult and the regulations, standards and technical specifications are not mature.

[0003] Currently, the power, building materials, and steel industries have conducted pilot greenhouse gas emission monitoring based on existing continuous automatic monitoring systems for waste gas and compared the results with accounting data. According to China's carbon emission statistics for 2020, besides the power, building materials, and steel industries, the chemical industry has the highest carbon emissions, second only to the steel industry. The chemical industry's total carbon emissions in 2020 were approximately 1 billion tons, including 350 million tons from petrochemicals, 540 million tons from coal chemicals, and 100 million tons from natural gas chemicals and other sources. Therefore, the carbon emissions from the chemical industry cannot be ignored; however, carbon monitoring in the chemical industry is currently lacking.

[0004] Chemical plant installations generate large amounts of carbon emissions, with high concentrations and diverse forms. Unlike traditional monitoring of single stationary carbon emission sources, general carbon monitoring technologies based on gas type (CO, CO2) are difficult to apply to different forms of carbon emissions. Emissions from various pressure-bearing equipment processes, such as direct venting from process pipelines (e.g., low-temperature methanol washing), flare combustion, reactor tail gas, and process waste gas treatment equipment, account for over 63.5% of total carbon emissions. The types, concentrations, flow rates, and measurement methods of gases emitted from different chemical plant installations vary significantly, making it impossible to directly apply existing domestic and international boiler flue gas greenhouse gas emission technologies. For example, gas types include greenhouse gases such as methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide, as well as many VOCs such as alkanes and olefins; gas concentrations: CO2 concentrations in coal gasification process vent pipelines can reach over 80% vol; gas flow rates: unlike the large flow rates of boiler emissions (1000 m³ / h),... 3 Most emissions are low-flow rates below / h.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop equipment and methods for precise, second-level, long-term stable and continuous monitoring of direct carbon emissions, which are not limited by the types and contents of gases measured in chemical plant sets. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous monitoring equipment for direct carbon emissions from chemical plant equipment, which can achieve accurate, second-level, and long-term stable continuous monitoring of direct carbon emissions without being limited by the type and content of the gas measured in the chemical plant equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] A continuous monitoring device for direct carbon emissions from a complete chemical plant, the device comprising: a measurement pipeline module, a gas mixer, a gas processing module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a data control module;

[0009] The measurement pipeline module includes: a sampling gas measurement pipeline, an auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, an air measurement pipeline, and an exhaust gas measurement pipeline; the measurement pipeline module is used to adjust the opening of each test pipeline to measure different types of sampling gas;

[0010] The sampling gas measurement pipeline, auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, and air measurement pipeline are all connected to the gas processing module via a gas mixer; the exhaust gas measurement pipeline is also connected to the gas processing module.

[0011] The gas processing module is used for gas combustion, cooling, and gas-liquid separation.

[0012] The data acquisition module is connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data acquisition module is used to collect temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measurement pipelines of the measurement pipeline module;

[0013] The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data control module; the data processing module is used to judge the validity of the data and calculate the carbon emission concentration in real time based on the temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measuring pipelines.

[0014] The data control module is also connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data control module is used to adjust for abnormal operating conditions or remotely control the system based on the judgment and calculation results.

[0015] Optionally, the sampling gas measurement pipeline includes: a regulating valve, a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, a CH4 concentration detector, a CO2 concentration detector, an N2O concentration detector, and a flame arrester connected in sequence;

[0016] When the sampling gas does not require combustion in the process and is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it can be connected to the tail gas treatment device through a flame arrester and a one-way valve or directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0017] When the sampling gas needs to be combusted and discharged into the atmosphere during the sampling gas process, it is connected to the gas mixer; at the same time, the N2O concentration detector is no longer installed in the sampling gas measurement pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the auxiliary gas measurement pipeline includes: a regulating valve, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, a CH4 concentration detector, a CO2 concentration detector, a CO concentration detector, and a flame arrester connected in sequence.

[0019] Optionally, the air measurement pipeline includes: a regulating valve, a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and a CO2 concentration detector connected in sequence.

[0020] Optionally, the exhaust gas test pipeline includes: a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and a CO2 concentration detector connected in sequence.

[0021] Optionally, the gas processing module includes: a flameless burner, a combustion furnace, a condenser, and a gas-liquid separator;

[0022] The flameless burner is installed inside the combustion furnace;

[0023] The bottom of the combustion furnace is equipped with an automatic drain outlet; the top of the combustion furnace is equipped with a safety valve and a rupture disc.

[0024] The condenser is connected in parallel with the combustion furnace; the condenser is used to adjust the condensate flow rate according to the measured exhaust gas temperature for temperature control.

[0025] The gas-liquid separator adopts a vertical top-inlet and bottom-outlet structure, and the bottom outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator adopts a liquid seal form.

[0026] Optionally, a water-cooling coil is installed inside the buffer tank.

[0027] Optionally, the data processing module compares the CO2 mass flow rate and its sum measured by the sampling gas measurement pipeline, the auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, and the air measurement pipeline with the CO2 mass flow rate determined by the exhaust gas measurement pipeline to determine the validity of the data.

[0028] The data processing module converts volumetric flow rate into mass flow rate based on the ideal gas equation and calculates carbon emission concentration in real time according to gas type.

[0029] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0030] This invention provides a direct carbon emission continuous monitoring device for a complete chemical plant. The measurement pipeline module includes: a sampling gas measurement pipeline, an auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, an air measurement pipeline, and a tail gas measurement pipeline. The measurement pipeline module is used to adjust the opening of each test pipeline to measure different types of sampling gases. The gas processing module achieves complete and efficient combustion. The data acquisition, processing, and control module can collect temperature, pressure, flow rate, and concentration data from different pipelines, determine data validity in real time, calculate carbon emission concentration, and automatically or remotely adjust abnormal operating conditions by experts. This invention solves the problems of low carbon emission monitoring accuracy, uncertain sampling gas type and content, large pressure and temperature fluctuations, and poor long-term stability. Furthermore, it is not limited by the type and content of gases measured in the complete chemical plant, achieving accurate, second-level, and long-term stable continuous monitoring of direct carbon emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment for a complete set of chemical plants provided by the present invention.

[0033] illustrate

[0034] 1-Sampling gas; 2-Auxiliary gas; 3-Air; 4-Tail gas; 5-Regulating valve; 6-Filter; 7-Air compressor; 8-Gas buffer tank; 9-Pressure sensor; 10-Temperature sensor; 11-Flow meter; 12-CH4 concentration detector; 13-CO2 concentration detector; 14-N2O concentration detector; 15-CO concentration detector; 16-Flame arrester; 17-One-way valve; 18-Gas mixer; 19-Flameless burner; 20-Combustion furnace; 21-Condenser; 22-Gas-liquid separator; 23-Tail gas treatment; 24-Wastewater treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous monitoring equipment for direct carbon emissions from chemical plant equipment, which can achieve accurate, second-level, and long-term stable continuous monitoring of direct carbon emissions without being limited by the type and content of the gas measured in the chemical plant equipment.

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment for a complete set of chemical plants. The equipment includes: a measurement pipeline module, a gas mixer 18, a gas processing module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a data control module.

[0039] The measurement pipeline module includes: a sampling gas 1 measurement pipeline, an auxiliary gas 2 measurement pipeline, an air 3 measurement pipeline, and an exhaust gas 4 measurement pipeline; the measurement pipeline module is used to adjust the opening of each test pipeline to measure different types of sampling gas 1.

[0040] The sampling gas 1 measuring pipeline, the auxiliary gas 2 measuring pipeline, and the air 3 measuring pipeline are all connected to the gas processing module through the gas mixer 18; the exhaust gas 4 measuring pipeline is connected to the gas processing module.

[0041] The gas processing module is used for gas combustion, cooling, and gas-liquid separation.

[0042] The data acquisition module is connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data acquisition module is used to collect temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measurement pipelines of the measurement pipeline module.

[0043] The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data control module; the data processing module is used to judge the validity of the data and calculate the carbon emission concentration in real time based on the temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measuring pipelines.

[0044] The data control module is also connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data control module is used to adjust for abnormal operating conditions or remotely control the system based on the judgment and calculation results.

[0045] The abnormal operating conditions mainly include four phenomena: overpressure, overtemperature, burner flameout, and incomplete combustion. If the working pressure exceeds the maximum design pressure by 1.05 to 1.5 times, overpressure relief will be performed. If the working temperature exceeds the design pressure by 1.05 to 1.5 times, the circulating water temperature will be automatically reduced or the circulating water flow rate will be increased proportionally. Burner flameout can be controlled by automatic burner ignition, auxiliary gas 2 flow rate adjustment within 10%, or remote expert diagnosis. Incomplete combustion can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the auxiliary gas 2 measuring pipeline based on temperature feedback. Remote expert control determines the cause of abnormal operating conditions based on collected data and controls the equipment operation status by adjusting various measuring pipelines and cooling water circulation.

[0046] The sampling gas 1 measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve 5, a filter 6, an air compressor 7, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10, a flow meter 11, a CH4 concentration detector 12, a CO2 concentration detector 13, an N2O concentration detector 14, and a flame arrester 16. The CH4 concentration detector 12, CO2 concentration detector 13, and N2O concentration detector 14 are based on the principle of non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) or tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLAS), and calculate the volume fraction of the gas to be measured in the known closed optical path using Beer-Rambaugh's law. The sampling time must be ≤5s. To suppress detector signal attenuation, eliminate environmental interference, and improve detection accuracy and precision, it is recommended that the concentration detector adopt a dual-channel detection method of measurement and reference. The measurement channel is used to measure the concentration of the gas to be measured, and the reference channel signal measures the concentration of components in the environment and is independent of the concentration of the gas being measured.

[0047] When the sampling gas 1 process does not require combustion and is directly discharged to the atmosphere, it is connected to the tail gas treatment device 23 through flame arrester 16 and one-way valve 17 or directly discharged to the atmosphere.

[0048] When the sampling gas 1 process requires combustion treatment and discharge to the atmosphere, it is connected to the gas mixer 18; at the same time, the N2O concentration detector 14 is no longer installed in the sampling gas 1 measurement pipeline.

[0049] The auxiliary gas 2 measuring pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve 5, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10, a flow meter 11, a CH4 concentration detector 12, a CO2 concentration detector 13, a CO concentration detector 15, and a flame arrester 16.

[0050] Auxiliary gas 2 is natural gas, fuel gas, CH4, or non-carbon-based combustion-supporting gas (such as hydrogen); CO, CO2, and CH4 concentration detectors 12 can be added or removed depending on the type and content of the gas, but when auxiliary gas 2 contains CH4, CH4 concentration detector 12 must be retained. If the sampling gas 1 is directly discharged to the atmosphere during the process and is directly combustible, the auxiliary gas 2 test pipeline can be closed.

[0051] The air measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve 5, a filter 6, an air compressor 7, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10, a flow meter 11, and a CO2 concentration detector 13.

[0052] The exhaust gas test pipeline includes, in sequence, a filter 6, an air compressor 7, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor 9, a temperature sensor 10, a flow meter 11, and a CO2 concentration detector 13.

[0053] The gas processing module includes: a flameless burner 19, a combustion furnace 20, a condenser 21, and a gas-liquid separator 22;

[0054] The flameless burner 19 is installed inside the combustion furnace 20; the flameless burner 19 has three flame colors: blue flame, red flame, and red-blue flame, with red flame being preferred. It uses oxygen-excess combustion and is equipped with an automatic ignition device for flameout.

[0055] The bottom of the combustion furnace 20 is equipped with an automatic drain outlet to prevent condensate from accumulating; the top of the combustion furnace 20 is equipped with a safety valve and a rupture disc.

[0056] The condenser 21 is connected in parallel with the combustion furnace 20 to prevent condensate from flowing back into the combustion furnace 20; the condenser 21 is used to adjust the condensate flow rate according to the measured temperature of the exhaust gas 4 to control the temperature.

[0057] The gas-liquid separator 22 adopts a vertical top-inlet and bottom-outlet structure, and the bottom outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator 22 adopts a liquid seal to prevent gas from leaking out.

[0058] In this invention, sampling gas 1, auxiliary gas 2 and air 3 are respectively introduced into gas mixer 18 through measuring pipelines and then sent into combustion furnace 20 for flameless combustion. After combustion, the exhaust gas 4 enters the exhaust gas 4 measuring pipeline for measurement. Different types of sampling gas 1 can be measured by adjusting the opening of each test pipeline, so as to achieve accurate, second-level and long-term stable continuous monitoring of direct carbon emissions. The measuring pipeline employs a series combination design of regulating valve 5, filter 6, air compressor 7, buffer tank, and temperature and pressure sensor to achieve pressure stabilization, temperature stabilization, flow stabilization, and drying and dust removal. The measuring pipeline also employs a series combination design of flow meter 11 and optical concentration detector to achieve quantitative measurement of the volume fraction of each key component. The auxiliary gas 2 measuring pipeline uses combustion temperature parameter feedback to regulate flow rate and control combustion status. The combustion structure uses a flameless burner 19 to achieve complete and efficient combustion. The condensation and separation structure uses a combination design of water-cooled condenser 21 and gas-liquid separator 22 to achieve cooling and gas-liquid separation. The data acquisition, processing, and control module collects temperature, pressure, flow rate, and concentration data from different measuring pipelines, judges data validity in real time, calculates carbon emission concentration, and automatically or remotely controls abnormal operating conditions. The measuring pipeline and all modules must be made of austenitic stainless steel, with 304L, 316L, and 327H materials recommended to prevent dew point and acidic water corrosion.

[0059] The buffer tank is equipped with a water-cooling coil; the water-cooling coil can be spiral, tube bundle, etc., and the temperature is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of condensate according to the measured gas temperature, and the temperature is controlled within 80℃.

[0060] The flow meter 11 can be a Coriolis or orifice plate mass flow meter 11 or a volumetric flow meter 11. The flow meter 11 in the sampling gas 1, auxiliary gas 2, and air 3 measuring pipelines must be equipped with a flow limiter, and the flow limit deviation is less than ±5% of the actual value.

[0061] The data acquisition module collects data including temperature, pressure, flow rate, concentration, and flame condition, and transmits the data remotely via 4G / 5G / IoT to the display terminal for storage.

[0062] The data processing module compares the CO2 mass flow rate and its sum measured by the sampling gas 1 measuring pipeline, the auxiliary gas 2 measuring pipeline, and the air 3 measuring pipeline with the CO2 mass flow rate determined by the tail gas 4 measuring pipeline to determine the validity of the data.

[0063] The data processing module converts volumetric flow rate into mass flow rate based on the ideal gas equation, and calculates carbon emission concentrations in real time before and after combustion of CO2, CH4, CO, and N2O gases. The ideal gas equation is:

[0064] PV = nRT, where P is pressure (Pa) and V is volume (m³). 3n is the molar quantity, mol; R is the gas constant, 8.314 J / (mol·K); T is the temperature, K.

[0065] The sampling gas 1 is directly discharged into the atmosphere during the process, and the carbon emission mass flow rate only needs to be calculated based on the data from the CO2, N2O, and CH4 concentration detectors 12 in the sampling gas 1 measurement pipeline; the sampling gas 1 is discharged into the atmosphere after combustion during the process, such as flare gas, and needs to be calculated based on the CO, CO2, N2O, and CH4 concentration detectors 12 in the sampling gas 1, auxiliary gas 2, air 3, and tail gas 4 test pipelines.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous monitoring device for direct carbon emissions from a complete chemical plant, characterized in that, The equipment includes: a measurement pipeline module, a gas mixer, a gas processing module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a data control module; The measurement pipeline module includes: a sampling gas measurement pipeline, an auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, an air measurement pipeline, and an exhaust gas measurement pipeline; the measurement pipeline module is used to adjust the opening of each test pipeline to measure different types of sampling gas; The sampling gas measurement pipeline, auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, and air measurement pipeline are all connected to the gas processing module via a gas mixer; the exhaust gas measurement pipeline is also connected to the gas processing module. The gas processing module is used for gas combustion, cooling, and gas-liquid separation. The data acquisition module is connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data acquisition module is used to collect temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measurement pipelines of the measurement pipeline module; The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data control module; the data processing module is used to judge the validity of the data and calculate the carbon emission concentration in real time based on the temperature, pressure, flow rate, gas concentration data and flame conditions of different measuring pipelines. The data control module is also connected to the measurement pipeline module; the data control module is used to adjust for abnormal operating conditions or remotely control by experts based on the judgment and calculation results. The sampling gas measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve, a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, a CH4 concentration detector, a CO2 concentration detector, an N2O concentration detector, and a flame arrester; When the sampling gas does not require combustion in the process and is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it can be connected to the tail gas treatment device through a flame arrester and a one-way valve or directly discharged into the atmosphere. When the sampling gas needs to be combusted and discharged into the atmosphere during the sampling gas process, it is connected to the gas mixer; at the same time, the N2O concentration detector is no longer installed in the sampling gas measurement pipeline. The exhaust gas measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and a CO2 concentration detector; The auxiliary gas measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, a CH4 concentration detector, a CO2 concentration detector, a CO concentration detector, and a flame arrester; The air measurement pipeline includes, in sequence, a regulating valve, a filter, an air compressor, a buffer tank, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and a CO2 concentration detector.

2. The direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment for a complete chemical plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas processing module includes: a flameless burner, a combustion furnace, a condenser, and a gas-liquid separator; The flameless burner is installed inside the combustion furnace; The bottom of the combustion furnace is equipped with an automatic drain outlet; the top of the combustion furnace is equipped with a safety valve and a rupture disc. The condenser is connected in parallel with the combustion furnace; the condenser is used to adjust the condensate flow rate according to the measured exhaust gas temperature for temperature control. The gas-liquid separator adopts a vertical top-inlet and bottom-outlet structure, and the bottom outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator adopts a liquid seal form.

3. The direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment for a complete chemical plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer tank is equipped with a water-cooling coil.

4. The direct carbon emission continuous monitoring equipment for a complete chemical plant as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module compares the CO2 mass flow rate and its sum measured by the sampling gas measurement pipeline, auxiliary gas measurement pipeline, and air measurement pipeline with the CO2 mass flow rate determined by the exhaust gas measurement pipeline to determine the validity of the data. The data processing module converts volumetric flow rate into mass flow rate based on the ideal gas equation and calculates carbon emission concentration in real time according to gas type.

Images