Traction type honing machine based on magnetic suspension principle

Abstract

This invention discloses a traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation. The workpiece is fixed on the frame and passes through the inside of the stator. The stator can be displaced along the axial direction of the workpiece. An oilstone holder passes through the workpiece. Two rotors are fixed at both ends of the oilstone holder, and the rotors and the permanent magnets on the stator are positioned correspondingly. A radial expansion unit is arranged coaxially with the oilstone holder. Several oilstones are evenly inserted into the oilstone holder, and the inner sides of all oilstones elastically abut against the radial expansion unit. A piezoelectric ceramic is fixed inside the oilstone holder. When the piezoelectric ceramic is energized, it deforms and causes the radial expansion unit to displace axially, thereby driving the oilstones to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the workpiece. The leads of the rotor and the piezoelectric ceramic are connected to conductive slip rings. The stator is pulled by two traction ropes to keep the rotor and stator moving synchronously horizontally. This invention eliminates the need for a main spindle that extends into the workpiece to support the honing mechanism, preventing the spindle from shifting downwards due to excessive length. Axial movement of the honing stone is achieved through a traction rope, resulting in excellent performance. The radial displacement of the honing stone is supplied by the deformation of piezoelectric ceramics. The ingenious and rational structural design is non-redundant and ensures stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation. Background Technology

[0002] Machining slender holes requires a long and thin spindle from the honing machine due to the high length-to-diameter ratio of the inner bore. However, insufficient spindle rigidity during this process can cause slight wobbling, resulting in unsatisfactory straightness. Existing honing stone feed motion control methods primarily include electro-hydraulic and electromechanical feed. For machining slender holes (referring to pipes with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 10), both electro-hydraulic and electromechanical feeds suffer from excessively long control strokes and insufficient spindle rigidity, leading to deformation along the axial direction (e.g., ...). Figure 8 This leads to a decrease in control precision and uneven feed rate, which in turn causes the roundness and roughness errors of the slender holes to fail to meet the processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in this invention are as follows: A traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation includes a frame, rotor, conductive slip ring, traction rope, honing stone holder, honing stones, radial expansion unit, piezoelectric ceramic, workpiece, and stator with permanent magnets. The workpiece is fixed on the frame and passes through the inside of the stator. The stator can be displaced along the axial direction of the workpiece's machining hole. The honing stone holder passes through the workpiece. Two rotors are fixed at both ends of the honing stone holder, and the positions of the permanent magnets on the rotor and stator correspond. The radial expansion unit is coaxially arranged with the honing stone holder. Several honing stones are evenly inserted into the honing stone holder, and the inner sides of all the honing stones elastically abut against the radial expansion unit. The piezoelectric ceramic is fixed inside the honing stone holder. When energized, the piezoelectric ceramic deforms and causes the radial expansion unit to displace axially, thereby driving the honing stones to displace radially and abut against the inner wall of the workpiece. The leads of the rotor and the piezoelectric ceramic are connected to the conductive slip ring. The stator is pulled by two traction ropes to keep the conductive slip ring moving synchronously with the rotor and the stator.

[0005] Furthermore, the oilstone holder has several slots evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The inner side of each oilstone is fixed to an oilstone seat, which is inserted into the slot. Two annular springs are provided inside the oilstone holder. The two annular springs are sleeved on all the oilstone seats and elastically abut against the radial expansion unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the radial expansion unit includes an expansion shaft and a compression spring. The outer wall of the expansion shaft and the inner wall of the oilstone seat are both provided with inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the two cooperate with each other. The compression spring is arranged coaxially with the expansion shaft, and the compression spring and the piezoelectric ceramic are arranged on both sides of the expansion shaft. When the piezoelectric ceramic is energized, it deforms and causes the expansion shaft to move axially and compress the compression spring. The inclined surface of the expansion shaft slides relative to the inclined surface of the oilstone seat and causes the oilstone seat to move radially.

[0007] Furthermore, the two ends of the oilstone retainer are fixed with fixed end caps, and a guide shaft is provided on the inner end face of one of the fixed end caps. The compression spring and the expansion shaft are both sleeved on the guide shaft, and one end of the compression spring abuts against the corresponding fixed end cap, and the other end abuts against the expansion shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic is composed of several rectangular piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked together. Rectangular holes are provided on the inner wall surface of the fixed end cap on the other side and on the end face of the expansion shaft away from the compression spring. The two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic are assembled into the two rectangular holes.

[0009] Furthermore, an assembly shaft is fixed in the axial direction on the outer end face of the fixed end cover, and the rotor is connected to the assembly shaft by a key and a keyway.

[0010] Furthermore, a number of rubber balls are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the moving end of the conductive slip ring, and the moving end of the conductive slip ring is connected to the rotor.

[0011] Furthermore, both traction ropes are arranged in an S-shape. The traction rope includes an outer sheath and a core. The core can move inside the outer sheath. The outer sheath is fixed to the frame. One end of the core of each traction rope is fixed to both sides of the stator, and the other end is fixed to two conductive slip rings.

[0012] Furthermore, the stator includes a permanent magnet and a stator housing, the permanent magnet being fixed to both sides of the inner cavity of the stator housing, and the outer sheath of the traction rope passing through the stator housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the stator is driven by a lead screw mechanism or a linear guide mechanism to achieve displacement along the axial direction of the workpiece.

[0014] Furthermore, the frame is provided with two spaced-apart fixed seats, each fixed seat having a support hole for supporting the workpiece and a stud for locking the workpiece, the stud being inserted into the support hole.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention eliminates the need for a main spindle that extends into the workpiece to support the honing mechanism, preventing the spindle from shifting downwards due to excessive length. Axial movement of the honing stone is achieved through a traction rope, resulting in excellent performance. The radial displacement of the honing stone is supplied by the deformation of piezoelectric ceramics. The ingenious and rational structural design is non-redundant and ensures stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the removed workpiece.

[0018] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram showing the connection between the traction rope, the stator, and the conductive slip ring.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the permanent magnet and the stator.

[0020] Figure 5 This is an assembly drawing of the oilstone retainer and the radial expansion unit.

[0021] Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is an assembly drawing of the oilstone base and the radial expansion unit.

[0022] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the "swinging" of the spindle when a honing machine using electro-hydraulic or electromechanical feed is machining a slender hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation, comprising a frame 11, a stator 21, a rotor 31, a conductive slip ring 32, a traction rope 41, an oilstone retainer 51, an oilstone 52, a radial expansion unit 61, a piezoelectric ceramic 62, and a workpiece 400.

[0025] Two spaced-apart fixed seats 111 are provided on the frame 11. The fixed seats 111 have support holes. The two ends of the workpiece 400 are supported in the support holes. Several studs are threaded onto the fixed seats 111. The ends of the studs extend into the support holes and lock the workpiece 400, thus suspending and fixing the workpiece 400 on the frame 11. The workpiece 400 passes through the inside of the stator 21. The stator 21 can be displaced along the axial direction of the workpiece's machining hole on the frame 11. The oilstone retainer 51 passes through the workpiece 400 and is coaxial with the workpiece 400. Two rotors 31 are fixed at both ends of the oilstone retainer 51, and the rotors 31 correspond to the positions of the permanent magnets 211 on the stator 21. When the rotors 31 are energized, they rotate and drive the oilstone retainer 51 to rotate together.

[0026] A radial expansion unit 61 is located inside the oilstone holder 51 and is arranged coaxially with the oilstone holder 51. Several oilstones 52 are evenly inserted into the oilstone holder 51, and the inner sides of all oilstones 52 abut against the radial expansion unit 61. A piezoelectric ceramic 62 is fixed inside the oilstone holder 51. The oilstone holder 51 drives the piezoelectric ceramic 62 and the radial expansion unit 61 to rotate together. When the piezoelectric ceramic 62 is energized, it deforms and causes the radial expansion unit 61 to move axially. During the axial displacement of the radial expansion unit 61, the oilstones 52 are driven to move radially, so that the oilstones 52 abut against the inner wall of the workpiece 400. When the rotor 31 is energized and rotates, the oilstones 52 polish the inner wall surface of the workpiece 400. Since there is a permanent magnet in this device, the objects to be polished are mainly non-magnetic tubular parts (such as ceramic tubular parts, aluminum tubular parts, glass tubular parts, etc.).

[0027] The leads of rotor 31 and piezoelectric ceramic 62 are connected to conductive slip ring 32, and external current is connected through conductive slip ring 32. Stator 21 pulls two conductive slip rings 32 through two traction ropes 41. When stator 21 moves axially to the left or right, the corresponding conductive slip ring 32 is pulled by the corresponding traction rope 41, so that rotor 31 keeps moving axially synchronously with stator 21.

[0028] Combination Figure 3 The stator 21 includes a permanent magnet 211 and a stator housing 212. The permanent magnet 211 has a semi-circular structure. Two permanent magnets 211 form a group and are fixed on both sides of the inner cavity of the stator housing 212. The stator housing 212 is driven by a linear actuator 71 to achieve linear displacement (i.e., movement along the axial direction of the workpiece 400) on the frame 11. In this embodiment of the invention, the linear actuator is a lead screw mechanism. Mounting plates 213 are fixed on both sides of the stator housing 212 and are mounted on the free end of the lead screw mechanism.

[0029] Both traction ropes 41 are arranged in an S-shape. Each traction rope 41 includes an outer sheath 411 and a rope core 412. The rope core 412 can move inside the outer sheath 411. The outer sheath passes through the mounting plates 213 at both ends of the stator housing 212, and the outer sheath 411 is fixed to the frame 11. One end of each traction rope core is fixed to the mounting plates 213 on both sides of the stator 21, and the other end of each rope core 412 is fixed to the stationary end of each of the two conductive slip rings 32.

[0030] When the lead screw mechanism drives the stator 21 to move left and right, the stator 21 pulls the corresponding conductive slip ring 32 via the traction rope 41. Since the moving end of the conductive slip ring 32 is assembled with the rotor 31, synchronous movement of the rotor 31 and the stator 21 is achieved. When the rotor 31 is energized, the oilstone retainer 51 rotates synchronously.

[0031] When the oilstone holder 51 rotates, the oilstone 52 needs to move radially and contact the workpiece 400 to achieve grinding. The radial movement of the oilstone 52 is achieved through mechanical linkage, and the force source for its axial movement is achieved by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy through the piezoelectric ceramic 62. The specific structure and operating principle are as follows: like Figures 4 to 6 A plurality of slots 510 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the oilstone holder 51, and the slots 510 are arranged along the axial direction of the oilstone holder 51. An oilstone seat 521 is inserted into each slot 510, and an oilstone 52 is fixed to the top of each oilstone seat 521. Two annular springs 513 are provided inside the oilstone holder 51, and the two annular springs 513 are sleeved on all the oilstone seats 521, and elastically press the oilstone seats 521 against the radial expansion unit 61.

[0032] The radial expansion unit 61 includes an expansion shaft 611 and a compression spring 612. The expansion shaft 611 has a tapered step, and the bottom surface of the oilstone base 521 has an inclined surface that matches the tapered surface of the tapered step. The inclined surfaces of the two are in contact with each other. The compression spring 612 is coaxially arranged with the expansion shaft 611, and the compression spring 612 and the piezoelectric ceramic 62 are arranged on both sides of the expansion shaft 611. When the piezoelectric ceramic 62 is energized, it deforms axially, causing the expansion shaft 611 to move axially and compressing the compression spring 612. When the expansion shaft 611 moves, the inclined surface of the expansion shaft 611 slides relative to the inclined surface of the oilstone base 521, causing the oilstone base 521 to move radially. When a reverse current is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic 62, the mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic 62 is restored, and the compression spring 612 and the annular spring 513 simultaneously reset, ultimately achieving the reset of the oilstone base 521.

[0033] Combination Figure 7 To facilitate better installation of the radial expansion unit 61 and the piezoelectric ceramic 62 and ensure a more rational structural layout, fixed end caps 511 are fixed at both ends of the oilstone retainer 51. A guide shaft 514 is provided on the inner end face of the left fixed end cap 511. The compression spring 612 and the expansion shaft 611 are both sleeved on the guide shaft 514, with one end of the compression spring 612 abutting against the left fixed end cap 511 and the other end abutting against the stepped surface of the tapered step portion in the expansion shaft 611. When the piezoelectric ceramic 62 undergoes mechanical deformation, the guide shaft 514 guides the axial displacement of the expansion shaft 611.

[0034] The piezoelectric ceramic 62 in this invention is composed of several stacked piezoelectric ceramic sheets. The piezoelectric ceramic 62 converts mechanical energy and electrical energy into each other (piezoelectric effect). In use, it is only necessary to assemble it in the appropriate direction to determine its "protrusion" position. The principle of the piezoelectric ceramic 62 will not be elaborated upon further in this invention. Since the radial expansion unit 61 needs to rotate synchronously with the oilstone retainer 51 during use, this invention uses the piezoelectric ceramic 62 as a "connecting bridge" between the radial expansion unit 61 and the oilstone retainer 51. Its structure is as follows: the piezoelectric ceramic 62 is formed by stacking several rectangular piezoelectric ceramic sheets. Rectangular holes 6110 are provided on the inner wall of the right-side fixed end cap 511 and on the right end face of the expansion shaft 611. The two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic 62 are assembled into the two rectangular holes 6110. Through the connection of the piezoelectric ceramic 62, the radial expansion unit 61 and the oilstone retainer 51 form a whole.

[0035] To connect the rotor 31 and the oilstone retainer 51 into one unit, an assembly shaft 5111 is fixed in the axial direction on the outer end face of the fixed end cover 511. The rotor 31 and the assembly shaft are connected by a key and a keyway.

[0036] Both the rotor 31 and the piezoelectric ceramic 62 have leads. To avoid winding during rotation, the leads of both the rotor 31 and the piezoelectric ceramic 62 are connected to the conductive slip ring 32. The conductive slip ring 32 has a stationary end and a moving end. The structure and principle of the conductive slip ring 32 will not be described in detail here. Since the traction rope 41 pulls the conductive slip ring 32 axially, several rubber balls 321 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the moving end of the conductive slip ring 32. When the honing stone 52 is not in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece 400, the rotor 31 is guided by the rubber balls 321 during axial displacement. When the honing stone 52 extends and contacts the inner wall of the workpiece 400, the axial displacement of the rotor 31 is guided by the honing stone 52.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traction honing machine based on the principle of magnetic levitation, characterized in that: The system includes a frame (11), rotors (31), conductive slip rings (32), traction ropes (41), an oilstone retainer (51), an oilstone (52), a radial expansion unit (61), a piezoelectric ceramic (62), a workpiece (400), and a stator (21) with permanent magnets (211). The workpiece (400) is fixed on the frame (11) and passes through the inside of the stator (21). The stator (21) can be displaced along the axial direction of the workpiece's machining hole. The oilstone retainer (51) passes through the workpiece (400). Two rotors (31) are fixed at both ends of the oilstone retainer (51), and the rotors (31) correspond to the positions of the permanent magnets (211) on the stator (21). The radial expansion unit (61)... 1) The oilstones (52) are arranged coaxially with the oilstone holder (51), and several oilstones (52) are evenly inserted into the oilstone holder (51). The inner sides of all oilstones (52) elastically abut against the radial expansion unit (61). The piezoelectric ceramic (62) is fixed inside the oilstone holder (51). When the piezoelectric ceramic (62) is energized, it deforms and causes the radial expansion unit (61) to move axially, thereby driving the oilstones (52) to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the workpiece (400). The leads of the rotor (31) and the piezoelectric ceramic (62) are connected to the conductive slip ring (32). The stator (21) pulls the conductive slip ring (32) through two traction ropes (41) and keeps the rotor (31) and the stator (21) moving synchronously and horizontally. Both traction ropes (41) are arranged in an S-shape. The traction rope (41) includes an outer sheath and a core. The core can move inside the outer sheath. The outer sheath is fixed to the frame (11). One end of the core of the two traction ropes (41) is fixed to both sides of the stator (21), and the other end is fixed to two conductive slip rings (32). The oilstone holder (51) has a number of slots (510) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each oilstone (52) is fixed to an oilstone seat (521) on its inner side. The oilstone seat (521) is inserted into the slot (510). Two annular springs (513) are provided in the oilstone holder (51). The two annular springs (513) are sleeved on all the oilstone seats (521) and elastically abut against the radial expansion unit (61). The radial expansion unit (61) includes an expansion shaft (611) and a compression spring (612). The outer wall of the expansion shaft (611) and the inner wall of the oilstone seat (521) are provided with inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the two cooperate with each other. The compression spring (612) is arranged coaxially with the expansion shaft (611), and the compression spring (612) and the piezoelectric ceramic (62) are arranged on both sides of the expansion shaft (611). When the piezoelectric ceramic (62) is energized, it deforms and causes the expansion shaft (611) to move axially and compress the compression spring (612). The inclined surface of the expansion shaft (611) slides relative to the inclined surface of the oilstone seat (521) and causes the oilstone seat (521) to move radially.

2. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oilstone retainer (51) has fixed end caps (511) at both ends. A guide shaft (514) is provided on the inner end face of one of the fixed end caps (511). The compression spring (612) and the expansion shaft (611) are both sleeved on the guide shaft (514). One end of the compression spring (612) abuts against the corresponding fixed end cap (511), and the other end abuts against the expansion shaft (611).

3. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic (62) is composed of several rectangular piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked together. Rectangular holes (6110) are provided on the inner wall surface of the fixed end cap (511) on the other side and on the end face of the expansion shaft (611) away from the compression spring. The two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic (62) are assembled in the two rectangular holes (6110).

4. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: An assembly shaft (5111) is fixed in the axial direction on the outer end face of the fixed end cover (511), and the rotor (31) is connected to the assembly shaft by a key and a keyway.

5. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive slip ring (32) has several rubber balls (321) evenly distributed on the outer wall of the moving end. The moving end of the conductive slip ring (32) is connected to the rotor (31).

6. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (21) includes a permanent magnet (211) and a stator shell (212). The permanent magnet (211) is fixed on both sides of the inner cavity of the stator shell (212), and the outer sheath of the traction rope (41) is threaded through the stator shell (212).

7. The traction honing machine based on the magnetic levitation principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (11) is provided with two spaced-apart fixed seats (111). The fixed seats (111) are provided with support holes for supporting workpieces (400) and studs for locking workpieces (400). The studs are inserted into the support holes.

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