Landing device with adaptive height in limited space

Abstract

The application provides a limited space adaptive height lifting boarding device, and relates to the technical field of port machinery, which comprises a lifting assembly, a fixing assembly, a boarding assembly and a suspension ladder assembly, the boarding assembly is located above the lifting assembly, the boarding assembly is connected with the lifting assembly through a rotating mechanism, the main beam of the boarding assembly is connected with the fixed platform of the fixing assembly, and the suspension ladder platform of the suspension ladder assembly is connected with the supporting beam of the boarding assembly, the lifting platform is lifted through cooperation of the shearing fork mechanism, the guide mechanism and the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism realizes self-locking of the shearing fork mechanism, the parallelogram structure formed by the main beam, the auxiliary beam and the supporting beam in the boarding assembly keeps the pedal and the boarding platform horizontal during lifting, the boarding platform lifting is realized, the flexible connection between the lifting assembly and the boarding assembly is realized through the rotating mechanism, the adaptive adjustment of the boarding ladder height and the cargo ship deck follow-up height is realized, and the device has the advantages of strong anti-unbalanced load capacity, stable lifting, high transmission efficiency, convenient control and folding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port machinery technology, specifically to a lifting and boarding device with adaptive height within a limited space. Background Technology

[0002] After cargo ships dock at the port, staff need to board or disembark. Currently, most cargo terminals do not have dedicated boarding facilities. Staff mainly rely on the ship's own gangway to board and disembark. However, the ship's own gangway is usually fixed to the deck by suspension, which results in narrow passage space, significant swaying during use, and major safety hazards.

[0003] Most newly built wharves adopt steel structure boarding ladders built on the wharf. However, when cargo ships dock to load and unload cargo, the deck height constantly changes, generally ranging from 2 to 10 meters above the ground. To adapt to the ship's deck height, the overall height of the steel structure is required to be relatively high, and a large amount of lifting and turning space is needed. On existing bulk cargo wharves, there are usually ship unloaders or ship loaders on the shore, and belt conveyors along the shore. The presence of belt conveyors limits the horizontal installation dimensions of the boarding equipment, meaning that the boarding equipment can only be installed in the limited space between the shore and the belt conveyor in the horizontal direction. The height of the reclaimer, ship unloader, or ship loader restricts the installation of the boarding equipment. Fixed-height boarding equipment is spatially limited and needs to be lower than the height of the reclaimer, ship unloader, or ship loader. This means that fixed-height boarding equipment cannot meet the boarding tasks of ships of different heights. Therefore, given the limitations of horizontal and vertical space, and the need to meet the boarding requirements of ships of different heights, it is necessary to design an adaptive height lifting boarding device within a limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device within a limited space. The lifting platform is raised and lowered through the cooperation of a scissor mechanism, a guiding mechanism, and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism enables the scissor mechanism to self-lock. The parallelogram structure formed by the main beam, secondary beam, and support beam in the boarding assembly keeps the steps and boarding platform horizontal during lifting, achieving stable ascent and descent of the boarding platform. A rotating mechanism enables flexible connection between the lifting assembly and the boarding assembly, achieving adaptive height adjustment of the boarding ladder according to the cargo ship deck. This device has advantages such as strong resistance to eccentric loads, smooth lifting, high transmission efficiency, convenient control, and folding.

[0005] This invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device for a confined space, comprising a lifting assembly, a fixing assembly, a boarding assembly, and a suspended ladder assembly. The boarding assembly is located above the lifting assembly and is rotatably connected to the lifting assembly via a rotating mechanism. The main beam of the boarding assembly is rotatably connected to the fixing platform of the fixing assembly. The suspended ladder platform of the suspended ladder assembly is rotatably connected to the support beam of the boarding assembly. The lifting assembly includes a scissor mechanism, a drive mechanism, a guide mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism. The guide mechanism is located within the scissor mechanism. The drive shaft of the scissor mechanism is connected to the first end of the guide platform of the guide mechanism, and the second end of the guide platform of the guide mechanism is connected to the nut seat of the drive mechanism. The rotating mechanism is rotatably connected to the lifting platform of the scissor lift mechanism, and the counterweight mechanism is disposed on both sides of the scissor lift mechanism. The scissor lift mechanism includes a base, a scissor lift assembly, a lifting platform, and a lifting wheel assembly. The first end of the scissor lift assembly is rotatably connected to the first hinge seat of the base, the second end of the scissor lift assembly is slidably connected to the first slide rail of the base, the third end of the scissor lift assembly is rotatably connected to the second hinge seat of the lifting platform, and the fourth end of the scissor lift assembly is slidably connected to the second slide rail of the lifting platform. The scissor lift assembly includes multiple scissor lifts, and adjacent scissor lifts are rotatably connected by a pin at their intersection points. The lifting wheel assembly includes a drive shaft and rollers, and both ends of the drive shaft are intersected by the middle of the scissor lift assembly. The scissor lift mechanism is connected at the fork, with the rollers mounted on the drive shaft. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a reducer, a lifting screw, and a nut seat. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input end of the lifting screw via the reducer. The nut seat is mounted on the lifting screw and is helically driven by the lifting screw. The guiding mechanism includes guide posts, a fixed base, a guide platform, and a guide rail. Multiple guide posts are vertically positioned at the four corners of the base. The top of each guide post is connected to the fixed base. The four corners of the guide platform are slidably connected to the guide posts via sleeves. The guide rail is mounted on the guide platform. The drive shaft is slidably connected to the guide rail via rollers, thereby enabling sliding compensation during lifting and lowering of the scissor lift mechanism. The lateral displacement of the moving shaft, the scissor mechanism, through the cooperation of the drive mechanism and the guide mechanism, realizes the lifting movement of the lifting platform; the boarding assembly includes a main beam, a secondary beam, a support beam, a pedal, a connecting rod, and a boarding platform. The main beam is rotatably connected to the boarding platform, the secondary beam is disposed between the main beam and the support beam, the main beam, the secondary beam and the support beam are arranged parallel to each other, the main beam, the secondary beam, the support beam and the pedal are connected by a connecting rod to form a parallelogram structure, the pedal is parallel to the boarding platform, the support beam is slidably connected to the rotating mechanism, and the boarding assembly is flexibly connected to the lifting assembly through the rotating mechanism, so that the boarding platform can be raised and lowered stably, and the height of the boarding platform can be adaptively adjusted to the height of the cargo ship deck.

[0006] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating frame and a sliding adjustment mechanism. The sliding adjustment mechanism includes a first pulley group, a support frame, a spring, and an adjusting screw. The first pulley group is disposed on the rotating frame, the support frame is mounted on the rotating frame, the spring is fitted onto the adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is disposed on the top of the support frame.

[0007] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight frame, a second pulley block, a first wire rope, and a counterweight block. The counterweight frame is disposed on both sides of the base, the second pulley block is disposed on the top of the counterweight frame, the first end of the first wire rope passes around the second pulley block and is connected to the counterweight block, and the second end of the first wire rope is connected to the lifting platform.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing component includes an inclined ladder, a fixed platform, a main frame, a third pulley block, a fixing block, a connecting plate, a slide rail, and a second steel wire rope. The inclined ladder is located on the side of the fixed platform near the lifting component. The third pulley block is located on both sides of the main frame. The slide rail is located on the main frame. The fixing block includes a counterweight, a fixing frame, a slide rail seat, and a slider. The counterweight is placed in the fixing frame. The slide rail seat is located on the outside of the fixing frame. The slider is connected to the slide rail seat. The fixing block is slidably connected to the slide rail via the slider. The first end of the second steel wire rope is connected to the fixing block, and the second end of the second steel wire rope passes around the third pulley block and is connected to the boarding component.

[0009] Preferably, the boarding platform includes a third hinged seat, a railing, a boarding frame, a pulley frame, and a reset mechanism. The boarding frame includes a column and a lifting eye bolt, and the pulley frame includes a pulley column and a folding pulley. The third hinged seat of the boarding platform is rotatably connected to the main beam, the secondary beam, and the support beam respectively via pins. The railing, pulley frame, boarding frame, and reset mechanism are all installed on the boarding platform. The pulley frame and boarding frame are respectively installed on both sides of the boarding assembly. The wire rope passes through the lifting eye bolt, goes around the folding pulley, and is connected to the winch. The boarding assembly is raised and lowered by winding and unwinding the wire rope through the winch.

[0010] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a reset spring, a spring seat, a spring shaft, and a reset frame. The reset spring is connected to the spring seat and mounted on the spring shaft. Both ends of the reset spring are connected to the reset frame and the suspension platform of the boarding assembly, respectively. The bottom end of the spring shaft is connected to the reset frame.

[0011] Preferably, the suspended ladder assembly includes a suspended ladder platform, a boarding ramp, handrails, a fourth pulley block, casters, a suspended ladder wire rope, a buffer spring, and an extension ladder. The suspended ladder platform is rotatably connected to the boarding platform, the boarding ramp is fixed to the suspended ladder platform, the handrails are provided on both sides of the suspended ladder platform and the boarding ramp, the fourth pulley block is provided on both sides of the suspended ladder platform, the suspended ladder wire rope passes through the fourth pulley block in sequence, and the direction of the suspended ladder wire rope is adjusted by the fourth pulley block, the casters are provided at the bottom of the boarding ramp, the buffer spring is provided between the boarding ramp and the casters, and the extension ladder is rotatably connected to the boarding ramp.

[0012] Preferably, when the retracted angle of the suspension ladder assembly is greater than 90°, the suspension ladder platform is connected to the spring seat, the return spring is in a compressed state and supported by the spring shaft, and the elastic load of the return spring increases with the amount of compression; when the suspension ladder assembly reaches the maximum retracted angle, the compression of the return spring reaches its maximum. When the winch releases the wire rope, the suspension ladder assembly rotates in the opposite direction of reset because the retracted angle is greater than 90°. The reset mechanism makes the retracted angle of the suspension ladder assembly less than 90°, and the suspension ladder assembly continues to be lowered under its own weight until the reset is completed, and the suspension ladder assembly is in a horizontal position.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an electrical control cabinet, which includes a housing, a power supply, a motor inverter, a winch inverter, and a display screen. The motor inverter is equipped with a braking resistor to release the braking energy when the drive motor stops. The lifting assembly is equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor for real-time measurement of the lifting height. The display screen is used to display the measurement values ​​of the laser rangefinder sensor in real time. The electrical control cabinet is equipped with an up button, a down button, a retract button, a lower button, an emergency stop button, and a switching button.

[0014] Preferably, a laser sensor is provided at the end of the boarding assembly, and the laser sensor measures the distance from the lowest step of the boarding assembly to the deck in real time and displays it on the display screen.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device for limited space. The lifting platform is raised and lowered through the cooperation of a scissor mechanism, a guide mechanism, and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism can achieve self-locking of the scissor mechanism to prevent the boarding platform from losing power and falling. It has the advantages of strong anti-eccentric load capacity, smooth lifting and lowering, high transmission efficiency, no vibration or loosening, and easy folding. All power outputs are electrically controlled, avoiding the leakage and pollution problems of hydraulic drive and the inapplicability to low temperatures in winter.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device within a limited space. The parallelogram structure formed by the main beam, secondary beam, and support beam in the boarding assembly ensures that the platform and boarding platform remain horizontal during lifting, enabling stable ascent and descent of the boarding platform. Two sets of counterweights are provided on the boarding assembly, which can effectively solve the problems of overall weight balance and off-center loading, and improve control stability.

[0018] 3. This invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device for use in confined spaces. A rotating mechanism enables a flexible connection between the lifting component and the boarding component. The lifting component can slide along the support beam of the boarding component via a sliding adjustment mechanism, adjusting the clamping force. Sensors and limit switches achieve adaptive height adjustment of the boarding ladder to match the cargo ship's deck, solving the problems of numerous obstacles, complex environments, and limited installation space encountered by dockside boarding ladders.

[0019] 4. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device of the present invention in a limited space effectively utilizes the space between the dock and the cargo ship, and arranges the main structure of the boarding ladder above the sea surface, so that the installation size and operating space of the boarding ladder are not limited by the unloading machine, the loading machine and the belt conveyor. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a limited space according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the driving mechanism and the guiding mechanism cooperate in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the boarding assembly in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reset mechanism in this invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suspension ladder assembly in this invention.

[0028] Key reference numerals:

[0029] Lifting assembly 1, scissor mechanism 11, base 111, first hinge seat 1112, first slide rail 1113, scissor assembly 112, lifting platform 113, lifting wheel assembly 114, drive shaft 1141, roller 1142, drive mechanism 12, drive motor 121, reducer 122, lifting screw 123, nut seat 124, guide mechanism 13, guide column 131, fixed seat 132, guide table 133, guide rail 134, rotating mechanism 14, rotating frame 141, sliding adjustment mechanism 142, first pulley assembly 1421, support frame 1422, spring 1423, adjusting screw 1424, counterweight mechanism 15, counterweight frame 151, second pulley assembly 152, first wire rope 153, counterweight block 154, fixing assembly 2, inclined ladder 21, fixed platform 22, main frame 2 3. Third pulley block 24, fixing block 25, counterweight 251, fixing frame 252, slide rail seat 253, slider 254, connecting plate 26, slide rail 27, second steel wire rope 28, boarding assembly 3, main beam 31, secondary beam 32, support beam 33, pedal 34, connecting rod 35, boarding platform 36, third hinge seat 361, fence 362, boarding frame 363, column 3631, eye bolt 3632, pulley frame 364, pulley column 3641, folding pulley 3642, reset mechanism 365, reset spring 3651, spring seat 3652, spring shaft 3653, reset frame 3654, suspended ladder assembly 4, suspended ladder platform 41, boarding inclined ladder 42, handrail 43, fourth pulley block 44, caster wheel 45, suspended ladder steel wire rope 46, buffer spring 47, extension ladder 48. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To fully describe the technical content, structural features, objectives, and effects of this invention, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] This invention relates to an adaptive height lifting and boarding device within a limited space, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a lifting assembly 1, a fixing assembly 2, a boarding assembly 3, and a suspension ladder assembly 4. The boarding assembly 3 is located above the lifting assembly 1 and is rotatably connected to the lifting assembly 1 via a rotating mechanism 14. The main beam 31 of the boarding assembly 3 is rotatably connected to the fixing platform 22 of the fixing assembly 2. The suspension ladder platform 41 of the suspension ladder assembly 4 is rotatably connected to the support beam 33 of the boarding assembly 3.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the lifting assembly 1 includes a scissor lift mechanism 11, a drive mechanism 12, a guide mechanism 13, a rotating mechanism 14, and a counterweight mechanism 15. The guide mechanism 13 is located inside the scissor lift mechanism 11. The drive shaft 1141 of the scissor lift mechanism 11 is connected to the first end of the guide platform 133 of the guide mechanism 13. The second end of the guide platform 133 of the guide mechanism 13 is connected to the nut seat 124 of the drive mechanism 12. The rotating mechanism 14 is rotatably connected to the lifting platform 113 of the scissor lift mechanism 11. The counterweight mechanism 15 is arranged on both sides of the scissor lift mechanism 11. The scissor lift mechanism 11 includes a base 111, a scissor lift assembly 112, a lifting platform 113, and a lifting wheel assembly 114. The first end of the scissor lift assembly 112 is rotatably connected to the first hinge seat 1112 of the base 111. The second end of the scissor lift assembly 112 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 1113 of the base 111. The third end of the scissor lift assembly 112 is rotatably connected to the second hinge seat of the lifting platform 113. The fourth end of the scissor lift assembly 112 is slidably connected to the second slide rail of the lifting platform 113. The scissor lift assembly 112 includes multiple scissor lifts, and the middle intersections of adjacent scissor lifts are rotatably connected by a pin. The lifting wheel assembly 114 includes a drive shaft 1141 and rollers 1142. Both ends of the drive shaft 1141 are connected to the middle intersections of the scissor lift assembly 112. The rollers 1142 are mounted on the drive shaft 1141. The counterweight mechanism 15 includes a counterweight frame 151, a second pulley assembly 152, a first wire rope 153, and a counterweight block 154. The counterweight frame 151 is located on both sides of the base 111. The second pulley assembly 152 is located on the top of the counterweight frame 151. The first end of the first wire rope 153 passes around the second pulley assembly 152 and is connected to the counterweight block 154. The second end of the first wire rope 153 is connected to the lifting platform 113, which plays the role of balancing the self-weight of the scissor lift mechanism 11 and can also improve the overall structural off-center load problem caused by the extension of the support point of the rotating mechanism 14.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive mechanism 12 includes a drive motor 121, a reducer 122, a lifting screw 123, and a nut seat 124. The output shaft of the drive motor 121 is connected to the input end of the lifting screw 123 through the reducer 122. The nut seat 124 is fitted onto the lifting screw 123, and the nut seat 124 and the lifting screw 123 are screw-driven. The guide mechanism 13 includes guide posts 131, a fixed base 132, a guide platform 133, and a guide rail 134. Multiple guide posts 131 are vertically arranged on the base 1. At the four corners of 11, the top of the guide post 131 is connected to the fixed seat 132. The four corners of the guide platform 133 are slidably connected to the guide post 131 through sleeves. The guide rail 134 is set on the guide platform 133. The drive shaft 1141 is slidably connected to the guide rail 134 through the roller 1142, so as to slide to compensate for the lateral displacement of the drive shaft 1141 in the scissor mechanism 11 during lifting. The scissor mechanism 11 is set to realize the lifting movement of the lifting platform 113 through the cooperation of the drive mechanism 12 and the guide mechanism 13.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the rotating mechanism 14 includes a rotating frame 141 and a sliding adjustment mechanism 142. The sliding adjustment mechanism 142 includes a first pulley group 1421, a support frame 1422, a spring 1423, and an adjusting screw 1424. The first pulley group 1421 is mounted on the rotating frame 141, the support frame 1422 is mounted on the rotating frame 141, the spring 1423 is fitted onto the adjusting screw 1424, and the adjusting screw 1424 is located on the top of the support frame 1422. The sliding adjustment mechanism 142 and the support beam 33 are flexibly connected through the cooperation of the spring 1423 and the adjusting screw 1424.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the fixed assembly 2 includes an inclined ladder 21, a fixed platform 22, a main frame 23, a third pulley block 24, a fixed block 25, a connecting plate 26, a slide rail 27, and a second steel wire rope 28. The inclined ladder 21 is located on the side of the fixed platform 22 near the lifting assembly 1. The fixed platform 22 is mounted on the main frame 23 via the connecting plate 26. The third pulley block 24 is located on both sides of the main frame 23. The slide rail 27 is mounted on the main frame 23. The fixed block 25 includes a counterweight 251, a fixed frame 252, a slide rail seat 253, and a slider 254. The counterweight 251 is placed in the fixed frame 252. The slide rail seat 253 is located on the outside of the fixed frame 252. The slider 254 is connected to the slide rail seat 253. The fixed block 25 is slidably connected to the slide rail 27 via the slider 254. The first end of the second steel wire rope 28 is connected to the fixed block 25. The second end of the second steel wire rope 28 passes around the third pulley block 24 and is connected to the boarding assembly 3 for balancing the boarding assembly 3.

[0036] like Figure 6As shown, the boarding assembly 3 includes a main beam 31, a secondary beam 32, a support beam 33, a step 34, a connecting rod 35, and a boarding platform 36. The main beam 31 is rotatably connected to the boarding platform 36. The secondary beam 32 is located between the main beam 31 and the support beam 33. The main beam 31, the secondary beam 32, and the support beam 33 are arranged in parallel. The main beam 31, the secondary beam 32, the support beam 33, and the step 34 form a parallelogram structure through the connecting rod 35. The support beam 33 provides support to the main beam 31 through the connecting rod 35, improving the strength and rigidity of the boarding assembly 3. The step 34 is parallel to the boarding platform 36, facilitating boarding onto the boarding platform 36. The support beam 33 is slidably connected to the rotating mechanism 14. The boarding assembly 3 is flexibly connected to the lifting assembly 1 through the rotating mechanism 14, enabling the boarding platform 36 to rise and fall stably, achieving adaptive adjustment of the height of the boarding platform 36 to the following height of the cargo ship deck. The boarding platform 36 includes a third hinge seat 361, a railing 362, a boarding frame 363, a pulley frame 364, and a reset mechanism 365. The boarding frame 363 includes a column 3631 and a lifting eye bolt 3632. The pulley frame 364 includes a pulley column 3641 and a folding pulley 3642. The third hinge seat 361 of the boarding platform 36 is rotatably connected to the main beam 31, the secondary beam 32, and the support beam 33 respectively via pins. The railing 362 and the pulley... The boarding frame 364, boarding frame 363, and reset mechanism 365 are all installed on the boarding platform 36. The pulley frame 364 and boarding frame 363 are respectively installed on both sides of the boarding assembly 3. The wire rope passes through the eye bolt 3632, goes around the folding pulley 3642, and is connected to the winch. The boarding assembly 3 is raised and lowered by the winch winding up and down the wire rope. The boarding ladder wire rope 46 is also equipped with a tensioning mechanism and a rope guide to prevent the wire rope from being too loose or tangled.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, the reset mechanism 365 includes a reset spring 3651, a spring seat 3652, a spring shaft 3653, and a reset frame 3654. The reset spring 3651 is connected to the spring seat 3652 and is mounted on the spring shaft 3653. The two ends of the reset spring 3651 are respectively connected to the reset frame 3654 and the suspension platform of the boarding assembly 3. The bottom end of the spring shaft 3653 is connected to the reset frame 3654.

[0038] like Figure 8As shown, the suspended ladder assembly 4 includes a suspended ladder platform 41, a boarding ramp 42, a handrail 43, a fourth pulley block 44, casters 45, a suspended ladder wire rope 46, a buffer spring 47, and an extension ladder 48. The suspended ladder platform 41 is rotatably connected to the boarding platform 36. The boarding ramp 42 is fixed on the suspended ladder platform 41. The handrail 43 is located on both sides of the suspended ladder platform 41 and the boarding ramp 42. The fourth pulley block 44 is located on both sides of the suspended ladder platform 41. The suspended ladder wire rope 46 passes through the fourth pulley block 44 in sequence. The fourth pulley block 44 enables the boarding ramp wire rope 46 to change direction and provides a load-bearing point for the boarding ramp 42 to be raised and lowered. The casters 45 are located at the bottom of the boarding ramp 42. The buffer spring 47 is located between the boarding ramp 42 and the casters 45 to achieve a flexible connection between the boarding ramp 42 and the cargo ship deck. The extension ladder 48 is rotatably connected to the boarding ramp 42. When the retracted angle of the suspension ladder assembly 4 is greater than 90°, the suspension ladder platform 41 is connected to the spring seat 3652, the return spring 3651 is in a compressed state and is supported by the spring shaft 3653, and the elastic load of the return spring 3651 increases with the amount of compression. When the suspension ladder assembly 4 reaches the maximum retracted angle, the compression of the return spring 3651 reaches its maximum. When the winch releases the wire rope, the suspension ladder assembly 4 rotates in the opposite direction of reset because the retracted angle is greater than 90°. The reset mechanism 365 makes the retracted angle of the suspension ladder assembly 4 less than 90°, and the suspension ladder assembly 4 continues to be lowered under its own weight until the reset is completed and the suspension ladder assembly 4 is in a horizontal position.

[0039] The following description, in conjunction with embodiments, further illustrates the adaptive height lifting and boarding device within a limited space of the present invention:

[0040] The adaptive height lifting and boarding device for confined space of this invention also includes an electrical control cabinet. The cabinet includes a housing, a power supply, a motor inverter, a winch inverter, and a display screen. The motor inverter is equipped with a braking resistor to release the braking energy of the drive motor 121 when it stops, preventing overheating caused by frequent starts and stops of the drive motor 121 due to adaptive control of the boarding platform 36. A laser rangefinder sensor is installed on the lifting assembly 1 to measure the lifting height in real time. The measurement value of the laser rangefinder sensor is displayed on the display screen in real time, and the adaptive control range is set. The electrical control cabinet is equipped with an up button, a down button, a retract button, a lower button, an emergency stop button, and a switching button to control the raising and lowering of the lifting assembly 1, ensuring that the boarding platform 36 meets the boarding height requirements. The raising height of the lifting assembly 1 is displayed on the display screen in real time. The lifting assembly 1 is equipped with two sets of limit switches. When the lifting assembly 1 reaches the set maximum or minimum height, the limit switches are triggered, shutting off the drive motor 121 of the lifting assembly and stopping the lifting assembly 1. The retract and lower buttons of the boarding assembly 3 control the retraction and release of the wire rope by the winch of the boarding assembly 3, and control the retraction and release angle of the boarding assembly 3. The emergency stop switch button freely switches between manual control of the lifting and lowering of the boarding platform 36 and automatic lifting and lowering of the boarding platform 36, adaptively adjusting the height of the cargo ship deck to meet the boarding requirements of the boarding platform 36. The emergency stop button is used to cut off the power supply to the equipment in an emergency.

[0041] The boarding platform 36 is equipped with multiple sensors and limit switches to achieve adaptive control. A laser rangefinder sensor is installed on the lifting assembly 1 to measure the lifting height in real time, which is displayed on a screen. The lifting assembly 1 has two sets of limit switches. When the lifting assembly 1 reaches the set maximum or minimum height, the limit switch is triggered, shutting off the drive motor 121 and stopping the lifting assembly 1. Limit switches are installed at the hinge between the lifting assembly 1 and the boarding assembly 3 to limit the extreme positions of the boarding assembly 3's retraction and release. A winch pulls the wire rope to retract the boarding assembly 3. When the limit sensor for the maximum retraction position is triggered, the winch stops retracting the rope. When the winch releases the wire rope, the boarding assembly 3 is released. When the minimum position sensor is triggered, the winch stops releasing the rope, and the boarding assembly 3 reaches the interior of the ship.

[0042] A laser sensor is installed at the end of the boarding assembly 3 to measure the distance from the last step of the boarding assembly 3 to the deck in real time and display the distance on the display screen. The measured distance will be used to adjust the height of the lifting platform 113 in the lifting assembly 1 in cases such as monitoring changes in the height of the ship's unloading deck and injecting ballast water. An adaptive limit switch is also provided at the hinge joint between the lifting platform 113 and the boarding component 3. In conjunction with the laser sensor at the end of the boarding component 3, the boarding platform 36 is adaptively controlled. During the unloading process of the cargo ship, as the weight of the ship decreases, the deck of the cargo ship will rise compared to the initial state. The deck will lift the boarding component 3. The boarding component 3 rotates around the hinge axis at the connection of the boarding platform 36. When the boarding component 3 rotates around the hinge axis to reach the preset angle, the adaptive limit switch is triggered, which will start the drive motor 121 of the lifting component 1. The lifting platform 113 will rise automatically to adapt to the increase in deck height, so that the boarding component 3 and the boarding platform 36 are horizontal to the deck. When the distance measured by the laser sensor at the end of the boarding component 3 reaches the set upper limit value, the drive motor 121 of the lifting component 1 will be turned off, and the lifting platform 113 will stop rising.

[0043] When the cargo ship injects ballast water, the deck will gradually descend, and the distance between the deck and the end of the boarding assembly 3 will increase. When the distance measured by the laser sensor at the end of the boarding assembly 3 reaches the set value, the system will start the drive motor 121 of the lifting assembly 1, and the lifting platform 113 will automatically descend, and the boarding assembly 3 will approach the deck. When the distance measured by the laser sensor at the end of the boarding assembly 3 reaches the set value, the system will turn off the drive motor 121 of the lifting assembly 1, and the lifting platform 113 will stop descending.

[0044] This invention provides an adaptive height lifting and boarding device for limited space. The lifting platform 113 is raised and lowered through the cooperation of a scissor mechanism 11, a guide mechanism 13, and a drive mechanism 12. The drive mechanism 12 can achieve self-locking of the scissor mechanism 11. The parallelogram structure formed by the main beam 31, the secondary beam 32, and the support beam 33 in the boarding assembly 3 keeps the pedal 34 and the boarding platform 36 horizontal during lifting, achieving stable rising and falling of the boarding platform 36. The flexible connection between the lifting assembly 1 and the boarding assembly 3 is achieved through the rotating mechanism 14, realizing adaptive height adjustment of the boarding ladder height in accordance with the cargo ship deck. It has the advantages of strong anti-eccentric load capacity, smooth lifting, high transmission efficiency, convenient control, and folding.

[0045] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A height-adaptive lifting and boarding device for use in a confined space, characterized in that, It includes a lifting assembly, a fixing assembly, a boarding assembly, and a suspended ladder assembly. The boarding assembly is located above the lifting assembly and is rotatably connected to the lifting assembly via a rotating mechanism. The main beam of the boarding assembly is rotatably connected to the fixing platform of the fixing assembly. The suspended ladder platform of the suspended ladder assembly is rotatably connected to the support beam of the boarding assembly. The lifting assembly includes a scissor mechanism, a drive mechanism, a guide mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism. The guide mechanism is located within the scissor mechanism. The drive shaft of the scissor mechanism is connected to the first end of the guide platform of the guide mechanism, and the second end of the guide platform is connected to the nut seat of the drive mechanism. The rotating mechanism is rotatably connected to the lifting platform of the scissor mechanism. The counterweight mechanism is disposed on both sides of the scissor mechanism. The scissor mechanism includes a base, a scissor assembly, a lifting platform, and a lifting wheel assembly. The first end of the scissor assembly is rotatably connected to the first hinge seat of the base, the second end of the scissor assembly is slidably connected to the first slide rail of the base, the third end of the scissor assembly is rotatably connected to the second hinge seat of the lifting platform, and the fourth end of the scissor assembly is slidably connected to the second slide rail of the lifting platform. The scissor assembly includes multiple scissor bars, and adjacent scissor bars are rotatably connected by a pin at their intersection points. The lifting wheel assembly includes a drive shaft and rollers. Both ends of the drive shaft are connected to the intersection of the scissor lift assembly. The rollers are mounted on the drive shaft. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a reducer, a lifting screw, and a nut seat. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input end of the lifting screw through the reducer. The nut seat is mounted on the lifting screw and is helically driven by the lifting screw. The guide mechanism includes guide columns, a fixed base, a guide platform, and a guide rail. Multiple guide columns are vertically arranged at the four corners of the base. The top of each guide column is connected to the fixed base. The four corners of the guide platform are slidably connected to the guide columns through sleeves. The guide rail is mounted on the guide platform. The drive shaft is slidably connected to the guide rail through rollers, thereby enabling slid compensation of the lateral displacement of the drive shaft in the scissor lift mechanism during lifting. The scissor lift mechanism, through the cooperation of the drive mechanism and the guide mechanism, realizes the lifting movement of the lifting platform. The boarding assembly includes a main beam, a secondary beam, a support beam, a step, a connecting rod, and a boarding platform. The main beam is rotatably connected to the boarding platform. The secondary beam is disposed between the main beam and the support beam. The main beam, secondary beam, and support beam are arranged parallel to each other. The main beam, secondary beam, support beam, and step are connected by a connecting rod to form a parallelogram structure. The step is parallel to the boarding platform. The support beam is slidably connected to the rotating mechanism. The boarding assembly is flexibly connected to the lifting assembly through the rotating mechanism, enabling the boarding platform to rise and fall stably and achieving adaptive adjustment of the boarding platform height to the following height of the cargo ship deck.

2. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a rotating frame and a sliding adjustment mechanism. The sliding adjustment mechanism includes a first pulley group, a support frame, a spring, and an adjusting screw. The first pulley group is mounted on the rotating frame, the support frame is mounted on the rotating frame, the spring is fitted onto the adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is located on the top of the support frame.

3. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight frame, a second pulley block, a first wire rope, and a counterweight block. The counterweight frame is disposed on both sides of the base, the second pulley block is disposed on the top of the counterweight frame, the first end of the first wire rope passes around the second pulley block and is connected to the counterweight block, and the second end of the first wire rope is connected to the lifting platform.

4. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes an inclined ladder, a fixed platform, a main frame, a third pulley block, a fixing block, a connecting plate, a slide rail, and a second steel wire rope. The inclined ladder is located on the side of the fixed platform near the lifting assembly. The third pulley block is located on both sides of the main frame. The slide rail is located on the main frame. The fixing block includes a counterweight, a fixing frame, a slide rail seat, and a slider. The counterweight is placed in the fixing frame. The slide rail seat is located on the outside of the fixing frame. The slider is connected to the slide rail seat. The fixing block is slidably connected to the slide rail via the slider. The first end of the second steel wire rope is connected to the fixing block, and the second end of the second steel wire rope passes around the third pulley block and is connected to the boarding assembly.

5. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boarding platform includes a third hinged seat, a railing, a boarding frame, a pulley frame, and a reset mechanism. The boarding frame includes a column and a lifting eye bolt. The pulley frame includes a pulley column and a folding pulley. The third hinged seat of the boarding platform is rotatably connected to the main beam, the secondary beam, and the support beam respectively via pins. The railing, pulley frame, boarding frame, and reset mechanism are all installed on the boarding platform. The pulley frame and boarding frame are respectively installed on both sides of the boarding assembly. The wire rope passes through the lifting eye bolt, goes around the folding pulley, and is connected to a winch. The boarding assembly is raised and lowered by winding and unwinding the wire rope through the winch.

6. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reset mechanism includes a reset spring, a spring seat, a spring shaft, and a reset frame. The reset spring is connected to the spring seat and mounted on the spring shaft. Both ends of the reset spring are connected to the reset frame and the suspension platform of the boarding assembly, respectively. The bottom end of the spring shaft is connected to the reset frame.

7. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 6, characterized in that, The suspended ladder assembly includes a suspended ladder platform, a boarding ramp, handrails, a fourth pulley block, casters, a suspended ladder wire rope, a buffer spring, and an extension ladder. The suspended ladder platform is rotatably connected to the boarding platform, the boarding ramp is fixed to the suspended ladder platform, the handrails are located on both sides of the suspended ladder platform and the boarding ramp, the fourth pulley block is located on both sides of the suspended ladder platform, the suspended ladder wire rope passes through the fourth pulley block in sequence, and the direction of the suspended ladder wire rope is adjusted by the fourth pulley block, the casters are located at the bottom of the boarding ramp, the buffer spring is located between the boarding ramp and the casters, and the extension ladder is rotatably connected to the boarding ramp.

8. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 7, characterized in that, The retraction angle of the suspension assembly is greater than 90 degrees. o At this time, the suspended ladder platform is connected to the spring seat, the return spring is in a compressed state and supported by the spring shaft, and the elastic load of the return spring increases with the amount of compression; when the suspended ladder assembly reaches the maximum retraction angle, the compression of the return spring reaches its maximum, and when the winch releases the wire rope, the suspended ladder assembly retracts because the retraction angle is greater than 90 degrees. o Rotate in the opposite direction to reset, causing the suspension ladder assembly to retract to an angle less than 90 degrees via the reset mechanism. o The suspension ladder assembly continues to lower under its own weight until it is reset and is in a horizontal position.

9. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electrical control cabinet, which includes a housing, a power supply, a motor inverter, a winch inverter, and a display screen. The motor inverter is equipped with a braking resistor to release the braking energy when the drive motor stops. The lifting assembly is equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor for real-time measurement of the lifting height. The display screen is used to display the measurement values ​​of the laser rangefinder sensor in real time. The electrical control cabinet is equipped with an up button, a down button, a retract button, a lower button, an emergency stop button, and a switching button.

10. The adaptive height lifting and boarding device in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, A laser sensor is installed at the end of the boarding assembly. The laser sensor measures the distance from the lowest step of the boarding assembly to the deck in real time and displays it on the display screen.

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