A tower type solar heat utilization system

Abstract

A tower type solar heat utilization system comprises a heat using system, a main heat collecting system and at least one auxiliary heat collecting system; the main heat collecting system and each auxiliary heat collecting system comprise a heat collecting module; in each heat collecting module, a heliostat field module, a heat absorbing module, a first low-temperature heat storage unit and a first low-temperature heat storage medium conveying pump module are comprised; in each heat collecting module, the first low-temperature heat storage medium conveying pump module conveys the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit to the heat absorbing module through a tenth pipeline, and the first low-temperature heat storage unit receives the low-temperature heat storage medium output from the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat using system through a seventh pipeline; the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collecting system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat using system is smaller than the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in any auxiliary heat collecting system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat using system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar thermal utilization technology, and specifically to a tower-type solar thermal utilization system. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is being used more and more widely in production and daily life. Among them, tower solar thermal utilization technology is an emerging solar energy utilization technology. It uses a tower solar thermal collection system (each solar thermal collection system includes a heliostat field and a corresponding receiver set on the absorber tower) to convert a low-temperature thermal storage medium into a high-temperature thermal storage medium. Then, the high-temperature thermal storage medium is transported to the heat-using system to release heat, thereby realizing the utilization of solar energy.

[0003] An analysis of the economics of tower solar thermal utilization systems of different scales suggests that increasing the installed capacity of tower solar thermal utilization systems can significantly reduce costs. However, with the expansion of the installed capacity, when using a single tower solar collector system design, the heliostat area and the size of the receiver also need to be increased, leading to a decrease in the heat collection efficiency of the tower solar collector system. Furthermore, the increased size of the receiver significantly increases manufacturing difficulty, further limiting the scale of a single tower solar collector system.

[0004] For the reasons mentioned above, people have proposed a multi-tower, single-unit solution, in which multiple tower solar thermal collectors work together to provide heat energy for a single heat-consuming system. However, how to achieve energy transfer between the various tower solar thermal collectors and the heat-consuming system in a low-cost manner is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a tower solar thermal utilization system that can effectively reduce the requirements for the heat storage medium transportation pipeline between the tower solar thermal collector system and the heat consumption system, thereby effectively reducing costs.

[0006] A tower-type solar thermal utilization system includes a heat-using system, a main heat-collecting system, and at least one auxiliary heat-collecting system. Each of the main heat-collecting system and each of the auxiliary heat-collecting systems includes a heat-collecting module. Each heat-collecting module includes a heliostat module and an absorber module mounted on an absorber tower. The heliostat module tracks the sun and reflects sunlight to the absorber module. The absorber module uses the sunlight reflected by the heliostat module to heat a low-temperature thermal storage medium located within the absorber module, thereby converting the low-temperature thermal storage medium into a high-temperature thermal storage medium. The high-temperature thermal storage medium in the absorber module is output to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input terminal of the heat-using system. Each heat-collecting module also includes a first thermal storage module, which includes a first low-temperature thermal storage unit for storing the low-temperature thermal storage medium and a unit for transporting the low-temperature thermal storage medium from the first low-temperature thermal storage unit to the absorber tower. The module includes a first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module at the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end; each heat collection module also includes a tenth pipeline; in each heat collection module, the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit is delivered to the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat absorption module through the tenth pipeline under the drive of the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module; each heat collection module also includes a seventh pipeline; in each heat collection module, the first low-temperature thermal storage unit receives the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat consumption system through the seventh pipeline; the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat consumption system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat consumption system.

[0007] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module in the main heat collector system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collector system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module in any of the auxiliary heat collector systems and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collector system; the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module in the main heat collector system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-consuming system is less than the distance between any of the auxiliary heat collector systems. The distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module in the heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system; taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the second characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collection system.

[0008] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the sub-collector systems, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the heat-using system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system via the seventh pipeline; or, in each of the sub-collector systems, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system via the seventh pipeline; the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system can enter the seventh pipeline in each of the sub-collector systems under the drive of the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module in the main collector system; in each sub-collector system, when the flow rates of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipeline and the tenth pipeline are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the tenth pipeline is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipeline.

[0009] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the first thermal storage module in the main heat collection system further includes a second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module. This second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module is used to transfer the low-temperature thermal storage medium from the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collection system to the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in each of the auxiliary heat collection systems. In each auxiliary heat collection system, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit is connected via the seventh pipeline to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the heat-using system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collection system, respectively. Alternatively, in each of the sub-collector systems, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system via the seventh pipeline; the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system can enter the seventh pipeline in each of the sub-collector systems under the drive of the second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module; in each sub-collector system, when the flow rates of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipeline and the tenth pipeline are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the tenth pipeline is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipeline.

[0010] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the secondary collector systems, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe.

[0011] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the feature is that, in each of the secondary collector systems, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe.

[0012] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the thermal storage capacity of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system is greater than or equal to the thermal storage capacity of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in any one of the secondary thermal collector systems.

[0013] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, when the flow rate of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipe of the main heat collector system and the seventh pipes of each of the auxiliary heat collector systems is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe in the main heat collector system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe in any of the auxiliary heat collector systems.

[0014] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the heat collection modules, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit through a ninth pipeline.

[0015] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the heat collection modules, the first heat storage module further includes a first high-temperature heat storage unit for storing high-temperature heat storage medium and a first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module for pumping the high-temperature heat storage medium from the first high-temperature heat storage unit; each of the heat collection modules also includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline; in each of the heat collection modules, the high-temperature heat storage medium output from the heat absorption module is transported to the first high-temperature heat storage unit through the first pipeline, and the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first high-temperature heat storage unit is transported to the heat utilization system through the second pipeline under the drive of the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module; in each of the auxiliary heat collection systems, when the flow rates of the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first pipeline and the second pipeline are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the first pipeline is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipeline.

[0016] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system is less than the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system.

[0017] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, each of the secondary heat collector systems further includes a third pipeline; in each of the secondary heat collector systems, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the second pipeline through the third pipeline.

[0018] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, each of the secondary heat collector systems further includes a fifth pipeline; in each of the secondary heat collector systems, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first pipeline and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the third pipeline, respectively.

[0019] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module in the main heat collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collector system is less than the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module in any of the auxiliary heat collector systems and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main heat collector system; the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module in the main heat collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-consuming system is less than the distance between any of the auxiliary heat collector systems. The distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in the heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system; taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the first characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system.

[0020] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipeline in each of the secondary collector systems is connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system; or, in each of the secondary collector systems, the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipeline is connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system through a sixth pipeline, and the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipeline is also connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main collector system through a fourth pipeline.

[0021] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the secondary collector systems, the nominal diameter of the first pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the second pipe.

[0022] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system of the present invention, when the flow rates of the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the connecting pipe between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system, and in the second pipes of each of the auxiliary thermal collector systems, are all the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the connecting pipe between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of any second pipe in any of the auxiliary thermal collector systems.

[0023] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the heat storage capacity of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system is greater than or equal to the heat storage capacity of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in any one of the secondary heat collection systems.

[0024] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the main heat collection system further includes a twenty-third pipeline; in the main heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system through the twenty-third pipeline.

[0025] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the main heat collection system further includes a 25th pipeline; in the main heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 25th pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the 25th pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first pipeline and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 23rd pipeline, respectively.

[0026] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the secondary collector systems, a first valve is provided on the first pipeline, a second valve is provided on the second pipeline, and a third valve is provided on the third pipeline; in each of the secondary collector systems, the connection point between the third pipeline and the second pipeline is the first connection point, the third valve is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the third pipeline, and the second valve is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module.

[0027] As an improvement to the tower-type solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, a twenty-third valve is provided on the twenty-third pipeline.

[0028] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, in each of the secondary collector systems, a fourth valve is provided on the fourth pipeline and a sixth valve is provided on the sixth pipeline.

[0029] As an improvement to the tower solar thermal utilization system described in this invention, the heat system includes a heat exchange system and a steam turbine generator set. The heat exchange system is used to transfer heat from the high-temperature heat storage medium to the water working medium, thereby generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine generator set.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a first low-temperature thermal storage unit and a first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module in the main thermal collector system and each auxiliary thermal collector system, can promptly receive and buffer the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system. Then, the low-temperature thermal storage medium is delivered to the corresponding heat-absorbing module through each first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module. This design allows the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the self-use heat system to be delivered in segments, thereby reducing the driving capability requirements of the driving device used to drive the flow of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in each seventh pipeline and reducing costs.

[0031] 2. In actual tower solar thermal utilization systems, the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules in each heat collector module do not always operate synchronously. For example, at night or during cloudy or rainy weather, the heat-absorbing modules in each heat collector module shut down, while the heat-using system is in operation. Alternatively, the heat-using system may shut down due to grid peak shaving or actual operational needs, while the heat-absorbing modules in each heat collector module are in operation. This invention fully utilizes the characteristic that the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules in each heat-collecting module do not always operate synchronously. Based on the fact that a first low-temperature heat storage unit is set in both the main heat-collecting system and each sub-heat-collecting system, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the seventh pipeline in each sub-heat-collecting system is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat-collecting system. By delivering the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the heat-using system or the main heat-collecting system to the first low-temperature heat storage unit in each sub-heat-collecting system in a time-sharing manner, the maximum allowable flow rate requirement of the seventh pipeline in each sub-heat-collecting system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module, thereby reducing the cost of the seventh pipeline in each sub-heat-collecting system.

[0032] 3. In a tower solar thermal utilization system without each first high-temperature heat storage unit and each first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module, the high-temperature heat storage medium output from each heat absorption module needs to be delivered to the heat use system in real time. If the heat absorption power of the heat absorption module is increased, the delivery capacity of the high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pipeline between the heat absorption module and the heat use system must be increased simultaneously; otherwise, the entire tower solar thermal utilization system will not be able to operate normally. This invention, by setting a first high-temperature thermal storage unit and a first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module in each thermal collector module, allows the high-temperature thermal storage medium, which is output from the thermal collector module but cannot be immediately delivered to the heat-using system, to be stored locally in the corresponding first high-temperature thermal storage unit when the thermal absorption power of the thermal collector module is increased. When the thermal collector module is shut down at night or on cloudy or rainy days, the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the corresponding first high-temperature thermal storage unit is delivered to the heat-using system using the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the delivery capacity of the high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pipeline used to deliver the high-temperature thermal storage medium to the heat-using system, nor is it necessary to increase the heat-using power of the heat-using system, thus improving the utilization of solar energy and reducing costs.

[0033] 4. The present invention places the heat-using system near the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system, which can effectively reduce the length of the transmission pipeline between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat-using system, thereby effectively reducing costs.

[0034] 5. By setting a third pipeline in each secondary heat collection system or a twenty-third pipeline in the main heat collection system, the present invention enables a portion of the high-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat absorption module in the main heat collection system or each secondary heat collection system to be transported to the heat use system without passing through the first high-temperature thermal storage unit. Since the heat absorption module is set on a tall heat absorption tower, the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat absorption module can convert its gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy during the process of being transported to the heat use system, thereby reducing the energy consumed in the entire tower solar thermal utilization system to drive the flow of the high-temperature thermal storage medium.

[0035] 6. In practical tower solar thermal utilization systems, the heat-consuming system and the heat-absorbing modules in each collector module do not always operate synchronously. For example, at night or during cloudy or rainy weather, the heat-absorbing modules in each collector module shut down, while the heat-consuming system is in operation. Alternatively, the heat-consuming system may shut down due to grid peak shaving or actual operational needs, while the heat-absorbing modules in each collector module remain operational. This invention fully utilizes this characteristic that the heat-consuming system and the heat-absorbing modules in each collector module do not always operate synchronously. Based on the provision of a first high-temperature heat storage unit in both the main collector system and each sub-collector system, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the second pipeline in each sub-collector system is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main collector system. By delivering the high-temperature heat storage medium from each sub-collector system to the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main collector system and the heat-consuming system in a time-sharing manner, the maximum allowable flow rate requirement of the second pipeline in each sub-collector system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-consuming system and each heat-absorbing module, thereby reducing the cost of the second pipeline in each sub-collector system. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tower-type solar thermal utilization system in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tower-type solar thermal utilization system in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tower-type solar thermal utilization system in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another tower-type solar thermal utilization system in Example 3.

[0040] 1-Heliostat, 2-Heat absorber tower, 3-Heat absorber module, 4-First low-temperature thermal storage unit, 5-First low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module, 6-First high-temperature thermal storage unit, 7-First high-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module, 8-Twenty-third pipeline, 9-Twenty-third valve, 10-Heat exchange system, 11-Steam turbine generator set, 12-Twenty-fifth pipeline, 13-Second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module, 101-Ninth valve, 102-First valve, 103-... Three valves, 104-Second valve, 105-Fourth valve, 106-Sixth valve, 107-Eleventh valve, 109-Seventh valve, 110-Twelfth valve, 201-Heliostat field module, 21-Fifth pipeline, 22-Tenth pipeline, 23-Ninth pipeline, 24-First pipeline, 25-Second pipeline, 26-Seventh pipeline, 27-Third pipeline, 28-Fourth pipeline, 29-Sixth pipeline, 31-Eleventh pipeline, 32-Twelfth pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Certain directional terms used in the description of the accompanying drawings below, such as “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “top,” “bottom,” and other directional terms, shall be understood to have their normal meaning and refer to those directions involved when normally viewing the drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the directional terms used in this specification are generally in accordance with the conventional directions understood by those skilled in the art.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a tower-type solar thermal utilization system includes a heat-using system, a main heat-collecting system, and at least one auxiliary heat-collecting system. Each of the main heat-collecting system and each of the auxiliary heat-collecting systems includes a heat-collecting module. Each heat-collecting module includes a heliostat module 201 and an absorber module 3 mounted on an absorber tower 2. The heliostat module 201 includes several heliostats 1 for tracking the sun and reflecting sunlight to the absorber module 3. The absorber module 3 uses the sunlight reflected by the heliostat module 201 to heat the low-temperature heat storage medium located in the absorber module 3, thereby converting the low-temperature heat storage medium in the absorber module 3 into a high-temperature heat storage medium. The high-temperature heat storage medium in the absorber module 3 is output to the high-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat-using system. It should be noted that the heliostat module 201 and the absorber module 3 mentioned herein belong to the same heat-collecting module.

[0045] Each heat collection module also includes a first heat storage module, which further includes a first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 for storing low-temperature heat storage medium and a first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 for pumping the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 to the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat absorption module 3. In this embodiment, the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 is disposed on the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage unit 4. Each heat collection module also includes a tenth pipeline 22. In each heat collection module, the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is delivered to the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat absorption module 3 through the tenth pipeline 22 under the drive of the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5. Each heat collection module also includes a seventh pipeline 26. In each heat collection module, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 receives the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat system through the seventh pipeline 26. The distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat use system is less than the distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in any secondary thermal collector system and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat use system.

[0046] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a seventh valve 109 is provided on the seventh pipeline 26 in each heat collection module. The seventh valve 109 is used to control the shut-off, connection, and flow regulation of the seventh pipeline 26. Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is a separate storage tank. However, in other embodiments, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 can also be a partial space within a storage tank. For example, a storage tank may simultaneously include separate high-temperature heat storage medium storage space and low-temperature heat storage medium storage space, wherein the low-temperature heat storage medium storage space is the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 mentioned here. It should also be specifically noted that the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 can be a single first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump, or it can be a pump group containing two or more first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pumps. When the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 contains two or more first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pumps, each first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump can serve as a backup for the others, or they can operate simultaneously to achieve the functions required by the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5.

[0047] In addition, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, a main heat collection system and a secondary heat collection system are provided. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of secondary heat collection systems can be two, three, four, or more, and this invention is not limited thereto. The heat utilization system in this embodiment includes a heat exchange system 10 and a steam turbine generator set 11. The heat exchange system 10 is used to transfer heat from the high-temperature heat storage medium in each tower solar collector system to the water working fluid, thereby generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine generator set 11. Of course, in other embodiments, the heat utilization system can also be other equipment or systems capable of utilizing the heat in the high-temperature heat storage medium, and this invention is not limited thereto.

[0048] By setting a first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 and a first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in each heat collection module, the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat use system can be received and stored in a timely manner. Then, the low-temperature thermal storage medium is delivered to the corresponding heat absorption module 3 through each first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5. With this design, the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the self-use heat system does not directly enter each heat absorption module 3, but first enters each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4, and then enters the heat absorption module 3 corresponding to each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4. This allows the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the self-use heat system to be delivered in segments, thereby reducing the driving capability requirements of the driving device used to drive the flow of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in each seventh pipeline 26, reducing the design and manufacturing difficulty, and reducing costs. Furthermore, this approach can effectively reduce the impact of the operation of the heat-using system on the operation of each heat-absorbing module 3 (e.g., the heat-absorbing module 3 needs to operate at high load, but the heat-using system is limited by grid peak shaving or other restrictions and cannot provide enough low-temperature heat storage medium for the heat-absorbing module 3), making the operation of each heat-absorbing module 3 more flexibly adjustable.

[0049] Furthermore, by placing the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system near the heat consumption system, the length of the transmission pipeline (i.e., the seventh pipeline 26 in the main heat collection system) between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat consumption system can be effectively reduced. By reducing the length of this transmission pipeline, the cost can be effectively reduced.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any auxiliary heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. This approach shortens the length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the tenth pipe in the main heat collection system) between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system, thereby reducing costs.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system. This approach shortens the length of the connecting pipe between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system (in this embodiment, the length of this connecting pipe is the sum of the lengths of the seventh and tenth pipes in the main heat collection system), thereby reducing costs.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the second characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module 3 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. Using this scheme, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each secondary heat collection system can be close to the heat absorption module 3 in its respective secondary heat collection system while being far away from the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. This shortens the length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the tenth pipe 22 in the secondary heat collection system) between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module 3 in each secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in its respective secondary heat collection system, thus reducing costs.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the first thermal storage module in the main thermal collector system further includes a second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 13. The second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 13 is used to pump the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system to the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in each auxiliary thermal collector system. In each auxiliary thermal collector system, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the seventh pipe 26. The low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat use system through the eleventh pipe 31. Furthermore, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 is also connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system through the twelfth pipe 32; or, in each auxiliary thermal collector system, the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the seventh pipe 26, and the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 is connected to the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system. The low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 of the main thermal collector system can enter the seventh pipe 26 of each auxiliary thermal collector system under the drive of the second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 13; in each auxiliary thermal collector system, when the flow rate of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipe 26 and the tenth pipe 22 is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the tenth pipe 22 is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26. For example... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, each eleventh pipeline 31 is provided with an eleventh valve 107, and each twelfth pipeline 32 is provided with a twelfth valve 110. The eleventh valve 107 is used to control the shut-off, connection and flow regulation of the corresponding eleventh pipeline 31, and the twelfth valve 110 is used to control the shut-off, connection and flow regulation of the corresponding twelfth pipeline 32.

[0054] Specifically, it should be noted that the second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pump module 13 can be a single second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pump, or it can be a pump group containing two or more second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pumps. When the second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pump module 13 contains two or more second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pumps, there may be a second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pump as a backup, one second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pump may supply cryogenic thermal storage medium to the first cryogenic thermal storage unit 4 in a sub-collector system, or multiple second cryogenic thermal storage medium delivery pumps may simultaneously supply cryogenic thermal storage medium to the first cryogenic thermal storage unit 4 in one sub-collector system. In the case of low-temperature thermal storage medium, there may also be a situation where one second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump supplies low-temperature thermal storage medium to the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in multiple auxiliary thermal collector systems at the same time. There is no limitation here (for example, in a certain embodiment, the second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 13 may contain two second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps. If the entire tower solar thermal utilization system includes two auxiliary thermal collector systems, then the two second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps are respectively set to correspond one-to-one with the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the two auxiliary thermal collector systems, that is, one second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump supplies low-temperature thermal storage medium to the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in one auxiliary thermal collector system).

[0055] Specifically, it should be noted that regardless of whether the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system is directly transported to the corresponding first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 via each seventh pipe 26, or whether it first enters the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system and is then pumped out by the second low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 13 to the seventh pipe 26 in each auxiliary heat collection system before being transported to the corresponding first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4, the ultimate goal is to transport the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system to each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4. Therefore, in each heat collection module, the above methods and their combinations all fall under the implementation method of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 receiving the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat-using system through the corresponding seventh pipe 26. Furthermore, since the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat-using system will all enter the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system under certain operating conditions, the seventh pipe 26 in the main heat collection system needs to have the capability to fully receive the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system when the heat-using system is operating at maximum load.

[0056] In actual tower solar thermal utilization systems, the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module do not always operate synchronously. For example, at night or during cloudy or rainy weather, the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are shut down, while the heat-using system is in operation. Alternatively, the heat-using system may shut down due to grid peak shaving or actual operational needs, while the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are in operation. This embodiment fully utilizes the characteristic that the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat-collecting module do not always operate synchronously. Based on the fact that a first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is set in both the main heat-collecting system and each sub-heat-collecting system, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat-collecting system. By delivering the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the heat-using system or the main heat-collecting system to the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat-collecting system in a time-sharing manner, the maximum allowable flow requirement of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3, thereby reducing the cost of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system. The reason why the maximum allowable flow rate requirement of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3 is that: (A) the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat-collector system can receive all or part of the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat-using system through the seventh pipe 26 in the main heat-collector system, thus reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system, and without causing the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat-using system to be unable to be output in time, thereby affecting normal operation; (B) the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-collector system can provide all or part of the low-temperature heat storage medium to the corresponding heat-absorbing module 3 according to the actual operating needs of the corresponding heat-absorbing module 3, thus reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system. The maximum flow rate allowed by the seventh pipeline 26 will not affect the normal operation of the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system due to insufficient low-temperature heat storage medium supplied by the heat system to the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system; (C) When the heat system is shut down or running at low load, the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat system and the low-temperature heat storage medium stored in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collector system are transported to the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat collector system through the corresponding seventh pipeline 26, thereby supplementing the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat collector system with spare low-temperature heat storage medium. At the same time, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collector system frees up space to receive the excess low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat system, so that it can normally perform the functions in (A) and (B) mentioned above.

[0057] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in each secondary heat collection system, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe 22 is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe 26.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat storage capacity of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system is greater than or equal to the heat storage capacity of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in any secondary heat collection system.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, when the flow rates of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipe 26 of the main thermal collector system and the seventh pipes 26 of each of the auxiliary thermal collector systems are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in the main thermal collector system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in any of the auxiliary thermal collector systems. Since the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the output terminal of the self-use heat system will all enter the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 of the main thermal collector system under certain operating conditions, the seventh pipe 26 of the main thermal collector system needs to have the ability to fully receive the low-temperature thermal storage medium output by the heat-using system when it is operating at maximum load. Therefore, the unit length cost of the seventh pipe 26 in the main thermal collector system is relatively high. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier in this embodiment, the scheme of placing the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main thermal collector system near the heat-using system can be specified. Therefore, the length of the seventh pipe 25, which has a relatively high unit length cost in the main thermal collector system, can be shortened, thereby further reducing costs.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, in each heat collection module, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 is also connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 through a ninth pipe 23. Specifically, in this embodiment, each ninth pipe 23 is equipped with a ninth valve 101, which is used to control the shut-off, connection, and flow regulation of the corresponding ninth pipe 23. In the main heat collection system and each auxiliary heat collection system, when the heat absorption module 3 is in the start-up phase or when the solar energy reflected by the heliostat module 201 to the heat absorption module 3 is insufficient, the temperature of the heat storage medium output from the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 cannot reach the preset requirements. By setting the ninth pipe 23 in the main heat collection system and each auxiliary heat collection system, the heat storage medium that does not meet the temperature requirements output from the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 can re-enter the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage unit 4, and then be transported to the corresponding heat absorption module 3 for reheating through the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage medium transfer pump module 5 to obtain a high-temperature heat storage medium that meets the temperature requirements.

[0061] Example 2 like Figure 2As shown, a tower-type solar thermal utilization system includes a heat-using system, a main heat-collecting system, and at least one auxiliary heat-collecting system. Each of the main heat-collecting system and each of the auxiliary heat-collecting systems includes a heat-collecting module. Each heat-collecting module includes a heliostat module 201 and an absorber module 3 mounted on an absorber tower 2. The heliostat module 201 tracks the sun and reflects sunlight to the absorber module 3. The absorber module 3 uses the sunlight reflected by the heliostat module 201 to heat the low-temperature heat storage medium located in the absorber module 3, thereby converting the low-temperature heat storage medium in the absorber module 3 into a high-temperature heat storage medium. The high-temperature heat storage medium in the absorber module 3 is output to the high-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat-using system. It should be noted that the heliostat module 201 and the absorber module 3 mentioned herein belong to the same heat-collecting module.

[0062] Each heat collection module also includes a first heat storage module, which further includes a first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 for storing low-temperature heat storage medium and a first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 for pumping the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 to the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat absorption module 3. In this embodiment, the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5 is disposed on the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage unit 4. Each heat collection module also includes a tenth pipeline 22. In each heat collection module, the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is delivered to the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat absorption module 3 through the tenth pipeline 22 under the drive of the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 5. Each heat collection module also includes a seventh pipeline 26. In each heat collection module, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 receives the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat system through the seventh pipeline 26. The distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat use system is less than the distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in any secondary thermal collector system and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat use system.

[0063] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a seventh valve 109 is provided on the seventh pipeline 26 in each heat collection module. The seventh valve 109 is used to control the shut-off, connection, and flow regulation of the seventh pipeline 26. Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is a separate storage tank. Of course, in other embodiments, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 can also be a partial space within a storage tank. For example, a storage tank may simultaneously include a high-temperature heat storage medium storage space and a low-temperature heat storage medium storage space that are separated from each other. The low-temperature heat storage medium storage space is the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 mentioned here.

[0064] In addition, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a main heat collection system and a secondary heat collection system are provided. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of heat collection modules can be 2, 3, 4 or more, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The heat utilization system in this embodiment includes a heat exchange system 10 and a steam turbine generator set 11. The heat exchange system 10 is used to transfer heat from the high-temperature heat storage medium in each tower solar collector system to the water working fluid, thereby generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine generator set 11. Of course, in other embodiments, the heat utilization system can also be other equipment or systems capable of utilizing the heat in the high-temperature heat storage medium, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0065] By setting a first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 and a first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in each heat collection module, the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat use system can be received and stored in a timely manner. Then, the low-temperature thermal storage medium is delivered to the corresponding heat absorption module 3 through each first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5. With this design, the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the self-use heat system does not directly enter each heat absorption module 3, but first enters each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4, and then enters the heat absorption module 3 corresponding to each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4. This allows the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the self-use heat system to be delivered in segments, thereby reducing the driving capability requirements of the driving device used to drive the flow of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in each seventh pipeline 26, reducing the design and manufacturing difficulty, and reducing costs. Furthermore, this approach can effectively reduce the impact of the operation of the heat-using system on the operation of each heat-absorbing module 3 (e.g., the heat-absorbing module 3 needs to operate at high load, but the heat-using system is limited by grid peak shaving or other restrictions and cannot provide enough low-temperature heat storage medium for the heat-absorbing module 3), making the operation of each heat-absorbing module 3 more flexibly adjustable.

[0066] Furthermore, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat consumption system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in any auxiliary thermal collector system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat consumption system. This arrangement, placing the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system near the heat consumption system, effectively reduces the length of the transmission pipeline (i.e., the seventh pipeline 26 in the main thermal collector system) between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat consumption system. By reducing the length of this transmission pipeline, costs can be effectively reduced.

[0067] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any auxiliary heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. This approach shortens the length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the tenth pipe 22 in the main heat collection system) between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system, thereby reducing costs.

[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system. This approach shortens the length of the connecting pipe between the low-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the low-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat-using system (in this embodiment, the length of this connecting pipe is the sum of the lengths of the seventh and tenth pipes in the main heat collection system), thereby reducing costs.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the second characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module 3 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. Using this scheme, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each secondary heat collection system can be close to the heat absorption module 3 in its respective secondary heat collection system while being far away from the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system. This shortens the length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the tenth pipe 22 in the secondary heat collection system) between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module 3 in each secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in its respective secondary heat collection system, thus reducing costs.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, in each secondary heat collection system, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the seventh pipe 26. The low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat use system through the eleventh pipe 31. Furthermore, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 is also connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system through the twelfth pipe 32. Alternatively, in each secondary heat collection system, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system through the seventh pipe 26. The low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 of the main thermal collector system can enter the seventh pipeline 26 of each auxiliary thermal collector system under the drive of the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in the main thermal collector system; in each auxiliary thermal collector system, when the flow rate of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipeline 26 and the tenth pipeline 22 is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the tenth pipeline 22 is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipeline 26.

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, each eleventh pipeline 31 is equipped with an eleventh valve 107, and each twelfth pipeline 32 is equipped with a twelfth valve 110. The eleventh valve 107 is used to control the shut-off, connection and flow regulation of the corresponding eleventh pipeline 31, and the twelfth valve 110 is used to control the shut-off, connection and flow regulation of the corresponding twelfth pipeline 32.

[0072] Specifically, it should be noted that regardless of whether the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system is directly transported to the corresponding first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 via each seventh pipe 26, or whether it first enters the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system and is then pumped out by the first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 5 to the seventh pipe 26 in each auxiliary heat collection system before being transported to the corresponding first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4, the ultimate goal is to transport the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system to each first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4. Therefore, in each heat collection module, the above and its combinations all represent the implementation method of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 receiving the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat-using system via the corresponding seventh pipe 26. Furthermore, since the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat-using system will all enter the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system under certain operating conditions, the seventh pipe 26 in the main heat collection system needs to have the capability to fully receive the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-using system when the heat-using system is operating at maximum load.

[0073] In addition, the first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 5 in the secondary heat collection system can be a single first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump, or it can be a pump group containing two or more first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pumps. When the first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 5 in the secondary heat collection system contains two or more first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pumps, each first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump can serve as a backup for each other, or they can work simultaneously to achieve the functions required by the first low-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 5. The first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in the main thermal collector system can be a single first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump, or it can be a pump group containing two or more first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps. When the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in the main thermal collector system contains two or more first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps, there can be a first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump as a backup, one first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump can supply the low-temperature thermal storage medium to the heat absorption module 3 in the main thermal collector system or the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in a secondary thermal collector system, or multiple first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps can simultaneously supply the heat absorption module 3 in the main thermal collector system or one of the secondary thermal collector systems. In the case where the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the thermal system supplies the low-temperature thermal storage medium, there may also be a case where one first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump supplies the low-temperature thermal storage medium to the heat absorption module 3 in the main heat collection system and the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in multiple auxiliary heat collection systems. There is no limitation here (for example, in a certain embodiment, the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 5 in the main heat collection system may contain three first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps. If the entire tower solar thermal utilization system includes one main heat collection system and two auxiliary heat collection systems, then the three first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps are respectively set to correspond one-to-one with the heat absorption module 3 in the main heat collection system and the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 in the two auxiliary heat collection systems).

[0074] In actual tower solar thermal utilization systems, the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module do not always operate synchronously. For example, at night or during cloudy or rainy weather, the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are shut down, while the heat-using system is in operation. Alternatively, the heat-using system may shut down due to grid peak shaving or actual operational needs, while the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are in operation. This embodiment fully utilizes the characteristic that the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat-collecting module do not always operate synchronously. Based on the fact that a first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 is set in both the main heat-collecting system and each sub-heat-collecting system, the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat-collecting system. By delivering the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the heat-using system or the main heat-collecting system to the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat-collecting system in a time-sharing manner, the maximum allowable flow requirement of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3, thereby reducing the cost of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-heat-collecting system. The reason why the maximum allowable flow rate requirement of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3 is that: (A) the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat-collector system can receive all or part of the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat-using system through the seventh pipe 26 in the main heat-collector system, thus reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system without causing the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat-using system to be unable to be output in time and affecting normal operation; (B) the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-collector system can provide all or part of the low-temperature heat storage medium to the corresponding heat-absorbing module 3 according to the actual operating needs of the corresponding heat-absorbing module 3, thus reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in each sub-collector system. The maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipeline 26 will not affect the normal operation of the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system due to insufficient low-temperature heat storage medium provided by the heat system to the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system; (C) When the heat system is shut down or running at low load, the low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat system and the low-temperature heat storage medium stored in the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collector system are transported to the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat collector system through the corresponding seventh pipeline 26, thereby supplementing the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in each sub-heat collector system with spare low-temperature heat storage medium. At the same time, the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collector system frees up space for receiving the excess low-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat system, so that it can normally perform the functions in (A) and (B) mentioned above.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in each secondary heat collection system, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe 22 is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe 26.

[0076] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat storage capacity of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in the main heat collection system is greater than or equal to the heat storage capacity of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 in any secondary heat collection system.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, when the flow rates of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipe 26 of the main thermal collector system and the seventh pipes 26 of each auxiliary thermal collector system are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in the main thermal collector system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe 26 in any of the auxiliary thermal collector systems. Since the low-temperature thermal storage medium output from the low-temperature thermal storage medium output terminal of the self-use heat system will all enter the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 4 of the main thermal collector system under certain operating conditions, the seventh pipe 26 of the main thermal collector system needs to have the ability to fully receive the low-temperature thermal storage medium output by the heat-using system when it is operating at maximum load. Therefore, the unit length cost of the seventh pipe 26 in the main thermal collector system is relatively high. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier in this embodiment, the scheme of placing the first low-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main thermal collector system near the heat-using system can be specified. Therefore, the length of the seventh pipe 25, which has a relatively high unit length cost in the main thermal collector system, can be shortened, thereby further reducing costs.

[0078] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, in each heat collection module, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 is also connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit 4 through a ninth pipe 23. Specifically, in this embodiment, each ninth pipe 23 is equipped with a ninth valve 101, which is used to control the shut-off, connection, and flow regulation of the corresponding ninth pipe 23. In the main heat collection system and each auxiliary heat collection system, when the heat absorption module 3 is in the start-up phase or when the solar energy reflected by the heliostat module 201 to the heat absorption module 3 is insufficient, the temperature of the heat storage medium output from the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 cannot reach the preset requirements. By setting the ninth pipe 23 in the main heat collection system and each auxiliary heat collection system, the heat storage medium that does not meet the temperature requirements output from the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 can re-enter the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage unit 4, and then be transported to the corresponding heat absorption module 3 for reheating through the corresponding first low-temperature heat storage medium transfer pump module 5 to obtain a high-temperature heat storage medium that meets the temperature requirements.

[0079] Example 3 like Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a tower-type solar thermal utilization system based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in each heat collection module, the first heat storage module further includes a first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 for storing high-temperature heat storage medium and a first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 7 for pumping the high-temperature heat storage medium from the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6. In this embodiment, the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 7 is disposed on the corresponding first high-temperature heat storage unit 6. Each heat collection module also includes a first pipeline 24 and a second pipeline 25. In each heat collection module, the high-temperature heat storage medium output from the heat absorption module 3 is transported to the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 through the first pipeline 24, and the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 is transported to the heat utilization system through the second pipeline 25 under the drive of the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 7. It should be noted that the heat absorption module 3, the first pipeline 24, the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6, the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 7, and the second pipeline 25 mentioned herein belong to the same heat collection module. In each secondary heat collection system, when the flow rate of the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first pipe 24 and the second pipe 25 is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the first pipe 24 is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipe 25. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in each heat collection module, a first valve 102 is installed on the first pipeline 24, and a second valve 104 is installed on the second pipeline 25.

[0080] In this embodiment, each first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 is a separate storage tank. However, in other embodiments, each first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 can also be a local space within a storage tank. For example, a storage tank may simultaneously include separate high-temperature thermal storage medium storage spaces and low-temperature thermal storage medium storage spaces, where the high-temperature thermal storage medium storage space is the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 mentioned here. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the thermal storage medium is molten salt, the low-temperature thermal storage medium is low-temperature molten salt, and the high-temperature thermal storage medium is high-temperature molten salt. Of course, in other embodiments, the thermal storage medium can also be liquid metal or other media suitable for the specific application environment of the tower solar thermal utilization system. Additionally, the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 can be a single first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump or a pump group containing two or more first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps. When the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 contains two or more first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pumps, each first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump can serve as a backup for the others or operate simultaneously to achieve the required functions of the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7.

[0081] In a tower solar thermal utilization system without each first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 and each first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module 7, the high-temperature heat storage medium output from each heat absorption module 3 needs to be delivered to the heat use system in real time. If the heat absorption power of the heat absorption module 3 is increased, the delivery capacity of the high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pipeline between the heat absorption module 3 and the heat use system must be increased simultaneously; otherwise, the entire tower solar thermal utilization system will not be able to operate normally. This invention, by setting a first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 and a first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 in each thermal collector module, allows the high-temperature thermal storage medium output from the thermal collector module 3, which cannot be immediately delivered to the heat-using system, to be stored locally in the corresponding first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 when the thermal absorption power of the thermal absorber module 3 is increased. When the thermal absorber module 3 is shut down at night or on rainy days, the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 is used to deliver the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the corresponding first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 to the heat-using system. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the delivery capacity of the high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pipeline (i.e., the second pipeline 25) used to deliver the high-temperature thermal storage medium to the heat-using system, nor is it necessary to increase the heat-using power of the heat-using system, to improve the utilization of solar energy and thus reduce costs.

[0082] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in any auxiliary thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system. Using this scheme, the heat-using system can be located near the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 and the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 in the main thermal collector system, effectively reducing the length of the delivery pipeline (i.e., the second pipeline 25 in the main thermal collector system) between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7 in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system. By reducing the length of this delivery pipeline, costs can be effectively reduced.

[0083] Furthermore, in each secondary heat collection system, the nominal diameter of the first pipe 24 is greater than the nominal diameter of the second pipe 25.

[0084] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, each secondary heat collection system also includes a third pipe 27; in each secondary heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 is also connected to the second pipe 25 through the third pipe 27. Specifically, as... Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, in each sub-collector system, a third valve 103 is provided on the third pipe 27. The connection point between the third pipe 27 and the second pipe 25 is the first connection point. The third valve 103 is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the third pipe 27. The second valve 104 is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module 7. By providing a third pipe 27 in each sub-collector system, a portion of the high-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat-absorbing module 3 in each sub-collector system can be transported to the heat-using system without passing through the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in its respective sub-collector system. Since the heat-absorbing module 3 is located on the towering heat-absorbing tower 2, the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat-absorbing module 3 can convert the gravitational potential energy of the high-temperature thermal storage medium into kinetic energy during the process of being transported to the heat-using system through the third pipe 27 and the second pipe 25 in sequence, thereby achieving full utilization of energy and reducing the energy consumed in the entire tower solar thermal utilization system to drive the flow of the high-temperature thermal storage medium.

[0085] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, each sub-collector system also includes a fifth pipe 21. In each sub-collector system, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the fifth pipe 21 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the fifth pipe 21 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input ends of the first pipe 24 and the third pipe 27, respectively. By setting a fifth pipe 21 in each sub-collector system, essentially, a portion of the pipe sections of the first pipe 24 and the third pipe 27 in each sub-collector system are shared, thereby reducing costs. At the same time, since the heat absorption module 3 is set on the towering heat absorption tower 2, laying pipes on the heat absorption tower 2 requires high-altitude work, and the space in the heat absorption tower 2 is limited, making pipe laying difficult. By setting a fifth pipe 21, the difficulty of pipe laying can also be reduced.

[0086] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system; the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in any secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat-using system; taking any secondary heat collection system as the first characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system. This scheme is adopted so that the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system and the heat-using system is located near the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system. Furthermore, the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in each auxiliary heat collection system is located close to the heat-absorbing module 3 in its respective auxiliary heat collection system while being far away from the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system. When the heat-using system is located near the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system, the length of the connecting pipe between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system and the heat-using system (i.e., the sum of the lengths of the first pipe 24 and the second pipe 25 in the main heat collection system) can be shortened, thereby reducing costs. When the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system is located near the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system, the length of the heat-absorbing module 3 in the main heat collection system can be shortened. The length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the first pipe 24 in the main heat collector system) between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of block 3 and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system can reduce costs. When the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in each sub-heat collector system is close to the heat absorption module 3 in its sub-heat collector system and far away from the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system, the length of the connecting pipe (i.e., the first pipe 24) between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 in the sub-heat collector system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the corresponding first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 is reduced by increasing the length of the second pipe 25 with lower unit length cost in each sub-heat collector system, thereby reducing the overall cost of the tower solar thermal utilization system.

[0087] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipe 25 in each secondary thermal collector system is connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main thermal collector system; or, in each secondary thermal collector system, the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipe 25 is connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system through the sixth pipe 29, and the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipe 25 is also connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main thermal collector system through the fourth pipe 28. In this embodiment, in each secondary thermal collector system, a fourth valve 105 is provided on the fourth pipe 28, and a sixth valve 106 is provided on the sixth pipe 29. It should be noted that in each secondary heat collection system, whether the high-temperature heat storage medium transported through the second pipeline 25 is transported to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system through the sixth pipeline 29, or it first enters the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system and then is transported to the high-temperature heat output medium input end of the heat use system through the first high-temperature heat storage medium transfer pump module 7 in the main heat collection system, the ultimate goal is to transport the high-temperature heat storage medium output from the heat absorption module 3 in the heat collection module to the heat use system. Therefore, the above methods and their combinations all belong to the implementation methods of transporting the high-temperature heat storage medium in the heat absorption module 3 to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system.

[0088] In actual tower solar thermal utilization systems, the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module do not always operate synchronously. For example, at night or during cloudy or rainy weather, the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are shut down, while the heat-using system is in operation. Alternatively, the heat-using system may shut down due to grid peak shaving or actual operational needs, while the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat collector module are in operation. This embodiment fully utilizes the characteristic that the heat-using system and the heat-absorbing modules 3 in each heat-collecting module do not always operate synchronously. Based on the fact that a first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 is set in both the main heat-collecting system and each sub-heat-collecting system, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the second pipeline 25 in each sub-heat-collecting system is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat-collecting system. By delivering the high-temperature heat storage medium in each sub-heat-collecting system to the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat-collecting system and the heat-using system in a time-sharing manner, the maximum allowable flow requirement of the second pipeline 25 in each sub-heat-collecting system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3, thereby reducing the cost of the second pipeline 25 in each sub-heat-collecting system. The reason why the maximum allowable flow rate requirement of the second pipe 25 in each sub-collector system can be reduced without affecting the normal operation of the heat-using system and each heat-absorbing module 3 is that: (1) the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in each sub-collector system can receive all or part of the high-temperature heat storage medium output by the corresponding heat-absorbing module 3. Therefore, reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipe 25 in each sub-collector system will not cause the high-temperature heat storage medium generated in the heat-absorbing module 3 in each sub-collector system to be unable to be output in time, thus affecting normal operation; (2) the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main collector system can provide all or part of the high-temperature heat storage medium required by the heat-using system according to the actual operating needs of the heat-using system. Therefore, reducing the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipe 25 in each sub-collector system will not affect normal operation. 25 The maximum flow rate allowed will not affect the normal operation of the heat system due to insufficient high-temperature heat storage medium supplied to the heat system; (3) When the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system is shut down or running at low load, the high-temperature heat storage medium output by the heat absorption module 3 in each sub-heat collector system and the high-temperature heat storage medium stored in the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 are transported to the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system and the heat system through the corresponding second pipeline 25, thereby supplementing the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system with spare high-temperature heat storage medium, and at the same time freeing up space for the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in each sub-heat collector system, so as to receive the excess high-temperature heat storage medium output by the corresponding heat absorption module 3 when running at high load, and thus be able to perform the functions in (1) and (2) above.

[0089] Meanwhile, the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 of the main thermal collector system can be quickly transported to the heat-consuming system via the first high-temperature thermal storage medium transfer pump module 7 in the main thermal collector system when needed, enabling rapid response to the operational needs of the heat-consuming system and shortening the response time. Furthermore, by adopting the above scheme, the impact of the operation of the heat-absorbing modules 3 in the main thermal collector system and each auxiliary thermal collector system on the heat-consuming system can be effectively reduced (e.g., the heat-consuming system needs to operate at high load, but the heat-absorbing modules 3 cannot directly provide sufficient high-temperature thermal storage medium to the heat-consuming system due to weather or other factors), making the operation of the heat-consuming system more flexible.

[0090] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the flow rates of the high-temperature heat storage medium in the connecting pipe between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system, and in the second pipe 25 of each auxiliary heat collection system are all the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the connecting pipe between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipe 25 in any auxiliary heat collection system. With this approach, the maximum allowable flow rate of the connecting pipe (i.e., the second pipe 25 in the main heat collector system) between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat consumption system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipe 25 in any auxiliary heat collector system. Therefore, the unit length cost of the second pipe 25 in the main heat collector system is higher. At the same time, as mentioned earlier in this embodiment, the scheme of placing the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in the main heat collector system near the heat consumption system can be used to shorten the length of the second pipe 25 in the main heat collector system, which has a higher unit length cost, thereby reducing costs.

[0091] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat storage capacity of the first heat storage unit in the main heat collection system is greater than or equal to the heat storage capacity of the first high-temperature heat storage unit 6 in any one of the auxiliary heat collection systems.

[0092] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the main solar collector system also includes a 23rd pipe 8; in the main solar collector system, the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3 is also connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system through the 23rd pipe 8. Specifically, in this embodiment, a 23rd valve 9 is provided on the 23rd pipe 8. By providing the 23rd pipe 8 in the main solar collector system, part of the high-temperature thermal storage medium output from the heat absorption module 3 in the main solar collector system can be transported to the heat use system without passing through the first high-temperature thermal storage unit 6 in the main solar collector system. Since the heat absorption module 3 is set on the towering heat absorption tower 2, the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the heat absorption module 3 can convert the gravitational potential energy of the high-temperature thermal storage medium into kinetic energy during the process of being transported to the heat use system through the 23rd pipe 8 and the second pipe 25 in the main solar collector system, thereby realizing the full utilization of energy and reducing the energy consumed by the entire tower solar thermal utilization system to drive the flow of the high-temperature thermal storage medium.

[0093] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the main heat collection system also includes a 25th pipe 12. In the main heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 25th pipe 12 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module 3. The high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the 25th pipe 12 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first pipe 24 and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 23rd pipe 8, respectively. By setting the 25th pipe 12 in the main heat collection system, essentially, a portion of the pipe sections of the first pipe 24, the 23rd pipe 8, and the 9th pipe 23 in the main heat collection system are shared, thereby reducing costs. Simultaneously, since the heat absorption module 3 is located on the towering heat absorption tower 2, laying pipes on the heat absorption tower 2 requires high-altitude work, and the space in the heat absorption tower 2 is limited, making pipe laying difficult. Setting the 25th pipe 12 also reduces the difficulty of pipe laying. The specific embodiments of this application have been described above. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system, characterized in that, It includes a heat collection system, a main heat collection system, and at least one auxiliary heat collection system; Both the main heat collection system and each of the auxiliary heat collection systems include a heat collection module; Each of the heat collection modules includes a heliostat module and a heat absorption module mounted on the heat absorption tower. The heliostat module is used to track the sun and reflect sunlight to the heat absorption module. The heat absorption module is used to heat the low-temperature heat storage medium located in the heat absorption module using the sunlight reflected by the heliostat module, so as to convert the low-temperature heat storage medium in the heat absorption module into a high-temperature heat storage medium. The high-temperature heat storage medium in the heat absorption module is output to the high-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the heat use system. Each of the heat collection modules also includes a first heat storage module, which includes a first low-temperature heat storage unit for storing low-temperature heat storage medium and a first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module for delivering the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module. Each of the aforementioned heat collection modules also includes a tenth pipeline; In each of the heat collection modules, the low-temperature heat storage medium in the first low-temperature heat storage unit is transported to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module through the tenth pipeline under the drive of the first low-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module. Each of the aforementioned heat collection modules also includes a seventh pipeline; In each of the heat collection modules, the first low-temperature heat storage unit receives the low-temperature heat storage medium output from the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the heat use system through the seventh pipeline; The distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the input end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in any of the secondary thermal collector systems and the output end of the low-temperature thermal storage medium of the heat-using system. In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature heat storage unit is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the heat use system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system through the seventh pipeline. Alternatively, in each of the secondary heat collection systems, the low-temperature heat storage medium input terminal of the first low-temperature heat storage unit is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium output terminal of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system via the seventh pipeline; In each of the secondary heat collection systems, when the flow rates of the cryogenic heat storage medium in the seventh and tenth pipelines are the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the tenth pipeline is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipeline.

2. The tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the input end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat absorption module in the main heat collection system and the output end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system is less than the distance between the input end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat absorption module in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the output end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system. The distance between the input end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat absorption module in the main heat collection system and the output end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat use system is less than the distance between the input end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat absorption module in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the output end of the low-temperature heat storage medium of the heat use system. Taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the second characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat absorption module in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the second characteristic secondary heat collection system and the low-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system.

3. The tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit of the main thermal collector system can enter the seventh pipeline of each of the secondary thermal collector systems under the drive of the first low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module in the main thermal collector system.

4. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first thermal storage module in the main thermal collector system further includes a second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module, which is used to deliver the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system to the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in each of the auxiliary thermal collector systems. The low-temperature thermal storage medium in the first low-temperature thermal storage unit of the main thermal collector system can enter the seventh pipeline in each of the secondary thermal collector systems under the drive of the second low-temperature thermal storage medium delivery pump module.

5. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe.

6. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the nominal diameter of the tenth pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the seventh pipe.

7. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal storage capacity of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system is greater than or equal to the thermal storage capacity of the first low-temperature thermal storage unit in any of the secondary thermal collector systems.

8. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the flow rate of the low-temperature thermal storage medium in the seventh pipe of the main thermal collector system and the seventh pipes of each of the auxiliary thermal collector systems is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe in the main thermal collector system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the seventh pipe in any of the auxiliary thermal collector systems.

9. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the heat collection modules, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first low-temperature heat storage unit through a ninth pipeline.

10. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, In each of the heat collection modules, the first heat storage module further includes a first high-temperature heat storage unit for storing high-temperature heat storage medium and a first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module for pumping out the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first high-temperature heat storage unit. Each of the heat collection modules also includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline; In each of the heat collection modules, the high-temperature heat storage medium output from the heat absorption module is transported to the first high-temperature heat storage unit through the first pipeline, and the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first high-temperature heat storage unit is transported to the heat use system through the second pipeline under the drive of the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module. In each of the secondary heat collection systems, when the flow rate of the high-temperature heat storage medium in the first pipeline and the second pipeline is the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the first pipeline is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of the second pipeline.

11. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system is less than the distance between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in any of the secondary thermal collector systems and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat-using system.

12. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned secondary heat collection systems also includes a third pipeline; In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the second pipeline through the third pipeline.

13. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 12, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned secondary heat collection systems also includes a fifth pipeline; In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first pipeline and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the third pipeline, respectively.

14. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system. The distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in the main heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in any of the secondary heat collection systems and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system. Taking any one of the secondary heat collection systems as the first characteristic secondary heat collection system, the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system is less than the distance between the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the first characteristic secondary heat collection system and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system.

15. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the second pipeline in each of the secondary thermal collector systems is connected to the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system. Alternatively, in each of the secondary heat collection systems, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the second pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system via a sixth pipeline, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the second pipeline is also connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system via a fourth pipeline.

16. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the nominal diameter of the first pipe is greater than the nominal diameter of the second pipe.

17. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the flow rates of the high-temperature thermal storage medium in the connecting pipe between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system, and in the second pipes of each of the secondary thermal collector systems, are all the same, the maximum allowable flow rate of the connecting pipe between the high-temperature thermal storage medium output end of the first high-temperature thermal storage unit in the main thermal collector system and the high-temperature thermal storage medium input end of the heat use system is greater than the maximum allowable flow rate of any second pipe in any of the secondary thermal collector systems.

18. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The heat storage capacity of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in the main heat collection system is greater than or equal to the heat storage capacity of the first high-temperature heat storage unit in any of the secondary heat collection systems.

19. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The main heat collection system also includes a twenty-third pipeline; In the main heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module is also connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the heat use system through the 23rd pipeline.

20. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The main heat collection system also includes a twenty-fifth pipeline; In the main heat collection system, the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 25th pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the heat absorption module, and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the 25th pipeline is connected to the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the first pipeline and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the 23rd pipeline, respectively.

21. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 12, characterized in that, In each of the secondary heat collection systems, a first valve is installed on the first pipeline, a second valve is installed on the second pipeline, and a third valve is installed on the third pipeline; In each of the secondary heat collection systems, the connection point between the third pipeline and the second pipeline is the first connection point. The third valve is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature heat storage medium input end of the third pipeline, and the second valve is located between the first connection point and the high-temperature heat storage medium output end of the first high-temperature heat storage medium delivery pump module.

22. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The twenty-third valve is installed on the twenty-third pipeline.

23. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 15, characterized in that, In each of the secondary heat collection systems, a fourth valve is installed on the fourth pipeline, and a sixth valve is installed on the sixth pipeline.

24. A tower-type solar thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat system includes a heat exchange system and a steam turbine generator set. The heat exchange system is used to transfer heat from the high-temperature heat storage medium to the water working medium, thereby generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine generator set.

Images