Modular grizzly and coal gangue sorting device

Abstract

The application discloses a modular grizzly screen and coal gangue sorting equipment, and belongs to the technical field of screening, and aims to solve the problems that the grizzly screen in the prior art cannot adapt to the screening of coal gangue particles with different particle sizes, and influences the screening efficiency and screening effect. The modular grizzly screen comprises at least one group of narrow screens and at least one group of wide screens which are arranged alternately, and the narrow screens and the wide screens are detachably fixedly connected. The application can be used for the screening of coal gangue particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of screening technology, and particularly relates to a modular grate screen and coal gangue sorting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A grate screen is a screening device that does not consume energy. It does not require any driving force when screening coal gangue particles. It mainly utilizes the drop of the coal gangue particles to perform screening and grading as the particles naturally slide through the screen.

[0003] However, existing grate screens usually have a fixed length, which cannot be adjusted according to actual needs. This makes them unsuitable for screening coal gangue particles with different particle sizes, affecting screening efficiency and screening effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a modular grate screen and coal gangue sorting equipment to solve the problem that the existing grate screen cannot adapt to the screening of coal gangue particles with different particle sizes, thus affecting the screening efficiency and screening effect.

[0005] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention provides a modular grate screen, comprising at least one set of narrow screens and at least one set of wide screens arranged alternately, wherein the narrow screens and wide screens are detachably and fixedly connected.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of narrow sieves and wide sieves is 2 to 4 sets.

[0008] Furthermore, the narrow screen includes a narrow mesh and two connecting plates, one side of the narrow mesh being fixedly connected to one of the connecting plates, and the other side of the narrow mesh being fixedly connected to the other connecting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the wide screen includes a wide screen and two sliding plates. One side of the wide screen is fixedly connected to one of the sliding plates, and the other side of the wide screen is fixedly connected to the other sliding plate. A groove is opened on the inner side of the sliding plate.

[0010] Furthermore, in adjacent narrow and wide screens, the connecting plate is inserted into the groove of the sliding plate and is slidably and fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the sliding plate of the wide screen is greater than the length of the wide screen, while the length of the connecting plate of the narrow screen is less than the length of the narrow screen.

[0012] Furthermore, along the plane of coal gangue particle movement, the narrow mesh and the wide mesh are not in the same plane and have overlapping portions.

[0013] Furthermore, the narrow and wide meshes have the same mesh size; the meshes in the overlapping sections of the narrow and wide meshes completely overlap.

[0014] The present invention also provides a coal gangue sorting device, including the above-mentioned modular grate screen.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for separating coal gangue, which uses the above-mentioned coal gangue separating equipment to separate coal gangue particles.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects.

[0017] The modular grate screen provided by this invention combines narrow and wide screens in a modular way. In practical applications, by connecting different numbers of narrow and wide screens, the overall length of the modular grate screen can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the screening efficiency and screening effect of the modular grate screen to adapt to the screening of coal gangue particles with different particle size compositions.

[0018] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the embodiments described and the accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular grate screen provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coal gangue sorting equipment provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting component in the coal gangue sorting equipment provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1-Conveying chute; 2-Conveying assembly; 3-Outer shell; 4-Compressed air storage tank; 5-Air compressor; 6-True color camera; 7-X-ray emitting end; 8-X-ray receiving end; 9-Main controller; 10-Waste chute; 11-Kaolin chute; 12-Support frame; 13-Lifting plate; 14-First support rod; 15-Second support rod; 16-First adsorption screw; 17-Second adsorption screw; 18-First threaded sleeve; 19-Second threaded sleeve; 20-First rotating rod; 21-Second rotating rod; 22-First drive shaft; 23-First through hole; 24-First electromagnet; 25-Second drive shaft; 26-Second through hole; 27-Second electromagnet; 28-Slide rail; 29-Roller screen; 30-Feed chute; 31-Grate screen; 311-Narrow mesh; 312-Connecting plate; 313-Wide mesh; 314-Sliding plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a modular grate screen, see [link to grate screen]. Figure 1 It includes at least one set of narrow screens and at least one set of wide screens arranged alternately, with the narrow screens and wide screens being detachably and fixedly connected.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the modular grate screen provided in this embodiment combines narrow screens and wide screens in a modular way. In practical applications, by connecting different numbers of narrow screens and wide screens, the overall length of the modular grate screen can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the screening efficiency and screening effect of the modular grate screen to adapt to the screening of coal gangue particles with different particle size compositions.

[0029] From the perspective of screening efficiency and screening effect, the number of narrow and wide screens mentioned above is 2 to 4 sets.

[0030] The narrow screen includes a narrow mesh 311 and two connecting plates 312. One side of the narrow mesh 311 is fixedly connected to one of the connecting plates 312, and the other side of the narrow mesh 311 is fixedly connected to the other connecting plate 312. The wide screen includes a wide mesh 313 and two sliding plates 314. One side of the wide mesh 313 is fixedly connected to one of the sliding plates 314, and the other side of the wide mesh 313 is fixedly connected to the other sliding plate 314. A groove is formed on the inner side of the sliding plate 314.

[0031] In adjacent narrow and wide screens, the connecting plate 312 and the sliding plate 314 are slidably and fixedly connected, with the connecting plate 312 located inside the sliding plate 314.

[0032] It is worth noting that, due to the gap at the connection between the narrow and wide screens, coal gangue particles can easily fall directly through the gaps in the grate screen without being screened. Therefore, the length of the sliding plate 314 of the wide screen is greater than the length of the wide mesh 313, and the length of the connecting plate 312 of the narrow screen is less than the length of the narrow mesh 311. Along the plane in which the coal gangue particles travel, the narrow mesh 311 and the wide mesh 313 are not in the same plane and have overlapping portions. Thus, by improving the specific parameters and structure of the narrow and wide screens, the gap at the connection between the narrow and wide screens can be eliminated, thereby further improving the screening accuracy of the modular grate screen.

[0033] It should be noted that the mesh sizes of the narrow mesh 311 and the wide mesh 313 are the same, and the mesh sizes of the overlapping parts of the narrow mesh 311 and the wide mesh 313 are completely overlapping to avoid changes in the screening size.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a coal gangue sorting device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 This includes the modular grate screen provided in Example 1.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the coal gangue sorting equipment provided in this embodiment are basically the same as those of the modular grate screen provided in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Understandably, in order to achieve further sorting, the aforementioned coal gangue sorting equipment also includes a feed trough 30, a roller screen 29, a conveying assembly 2, a jetting assembly, a true-color camera 6, an X-ray detector, a waste chute 10, a kaolin chute 11, and a main controller 9. Along the direction of coal gangue particle movement, the feed trough 30, the grate screen 31, the roller screen 29, and the conveying assembly 2 are arranged sequentially. The aperture of the grate screen 31 is smaller than that of the roller screen 29. The true-color camera 6 and the X-ray detector are arranged sequentially along the coal gangue conveying path of the conveying assembly 2 along the direction of coal gangue particle movement. The jetting assembly is located below the discharge end of the conveying assembly 2. The waste chute 10 and the kaolin chute 11 are located below the discharge end of the conveying assembly 2 and are arranged sequentially, gradually moving away from the discharge end. The main controller 9 is connected to the true-color camera 6, the X-ray detector, and the jetting assembly.

[0038] The coal gangue sorting equipment using the above structure has the following technical advantages:

[0039] On the one hand, by combining the grate screen 31 and the roller screen 29, the grate screen 31 is installed at the discharge port of the feed trough 30 where there are more coal gangue particles. This allows for pre-screening of the coal gangue particles, removing some of the smaller particles. The particles are then screened again by the roller screen 29, reducing the screening load of the roller screen 29. This reduces the wear on the screen disc 33 and rollers 32 of the roller screen 29 while ensuring processing capacity and screening efficiency. On the other hand, the grate screen 31, installed between the feed trough 30 and the roller screen 29, can effectively buffer the impact of the coal gangue particles discharged from the feed trough 30, reducing the impact of the coal gangue particles on the roller screen 29. This not only further reduces the wear on the screen disc 33 and rollers 32 of the roller screen 29, but also reduces the noise pollution of the multi-stage screening device.

[0040] On the other hand, using a grate screen 31 to pre-screen coal gangue particles reduces the content of small particles, which can reduce the accumulation of coal gangue particles on the roller screen 29 and improve screening accuracy.

[0041] On the other hand, by using physical methods, two high-efficiency and high-accuracy X-ray identification methods and true-color camera 6 identification are combined. First, the true-color camera 6 is used to perform preliminary identification of coal gangue particles and preliminarily sort out the kaolin particles. Then, the X-ray detector is used for secondary confirmation. This not only effectively improves the sorting quality, accuracy and efficiency of kaolin, but also effectively reduces the waste of kaolin and environmental pollution, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue particles through resource recovery and volume reduction.

[0042] Specifically, the structure of the X-ray detector includes an X-ray emitting end 7 and an X-ray receiving end 8 corresponding to the position of the X-ray emitting end 7. The X-ray emitting end 7 is located above the coal gangue particles, and the X-ray receiving end 8 is located below the coal gangue particles. Exemplarily, the X-ray emitting end 7 and the X-ray receiving end 8 are arranged in a vertical direction.

[0043] In order to effectively reduce the amount of dust during the sorting process, the above-mentioned coal gangue sorting equipment also includes a shell 3, a conveying component 2, a jetting end of a jetting component, a true color camera 6 and an X-ray detector, all of which are located inside the shell 3. The shell 3 has an inlet and an outlet at its two ends, respectively. The conveying component 2 is arranged along the direction from the inlet to the outlet, with the inlet end of the conveying component 2 close to the inlet and the outlet end of the conveying component 2 close to the outlet. The X-ray emitting end 7 and the true color camera 6 are located on the top of the shell 3.

[0044] Specifically, the structure of the conveying component 2 includes a frame, a conveyor belt, rollers, a drive motor, and a conveying controller. The rollers are located at both ends of the frame and are rotatably connected to the frame. The two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively fitted onto the rollers. The rotation of the rollers drives the conveyor belt to run. The drive motor is used to drive the rollers to rotate. The conveying controller is connected to the main controller 9 and the drive motor respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing of the drive motor and the rotation speed.

[0045] Specifically, the structure of the spray assembly includes an air compressor 5, a compressed air tank 4, a nozzle, and a spray controller. The air compressor 5, the compressed air tank 4, and the nozzle are connected in sequence. The spray controller is connected to the main controller 9 and is used to control the opening and closing of the nozzle.

[0046] To better separate kaolin particles from waste particles and ensure that the kaolin particles fall into the kaolin chute 11, the aforementioned conveying assembly 2 also includes a lifting component, see [link to assembly 2]. Figure 3 The lifting component is located in front of the roller near the discharge end, with a distance of 0.1 to 0.5 mm between it and the roller. It is used to lift the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles, thereby increasing the falling height and horizontal movement distance of the kaolin particles, and thus ensuring that the kaolin particles fall into the kaolin chute 11.

[0047] Specifically, the structure of the lifting component includes a support frame 12, a telescopic component, and a lifting plate 13. The support frame 12 is fixedly connected to the machine frame, the telescopic component is located in the support frame 12, and the lower end of the telescopic component is fixedly connected to the support frame 12. The lifting plate 13 is located at the top of the telescopic component, and the telescopic component supports the lifting plate 13. When the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles runs above the telescopic component, the top of the telescopic component moves upward, lifting the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles, thereby increasing the height of the kaolin particles.

[0048] For example, the support frame 12 has drive shafts on both sides and a slide rail 28 at the bottom; the drive shafts are connected to the rollers via a synchronous belt, and the rollers drive the drive shafts to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt; a through hole is opened in the center of the drive shaft, and an electromagnet is installed in the through hole; the telescopic component includes a support rod, an adsorption screw, a threaded sleeve, and a rotating rod, which is inclined from top to side away from the support frame 12; the bottom end of the support rod is inserted into the slide rail 28 and slidably connected to the slide rail 28; the top end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve; the threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption screw and threadedly connected to the adsorption screw; the bottom end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve; and the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 13.

[0049] During implementation, if it is initially determined that the coal gangue particles are kaolin particles, when the countdown ends, the controller controls the electromagnet to be energized. The electromagnet generates an attractive force, which attracts the suction screw, causing the suction screw to move closer to the through hole. The angle between the rotating rod and the horizontal direction increases, driving the lifting plate 13 to rise. The suction screw is inserted into the through hole, and the support rod slides along the slide rail 28. The transmission shaft drives the suction screw to rotate, further driving the threaded sleeve to slide along the suction. The angle between the rotating rod and the horizontal direction further increases, driving the lifting plate 13 to rise further. The rise of the lifting plate 13 causes the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles to be lifted, increasing the height of the kaolin particles.

[0050] It is worth noting that, in order to achieve automatic reset of the adsorption screw and prevent the conveyor belt corresponding to the waste particles from being lifted, for example, the number of the above-mentioned telescopic components is two sets. That is, the lifting component includes a first support rod 14, a second support rod 15, a first adsorption screw 16, a second adsorption screw 17, a first threaded sleeve 18, a second threaded sleeve 19, a first rotating rod 20, and a second rotating rod 21. A first drive shaft 22 is provided on one side of the support frame 12. The first drive shaft 22 is connected to the first roller through a first synchronous belt. The first roller drives the first drive shaft 22 to rotate synchronously through the first synchronous belt. A first through hole 23 is opened in the center of the first drive shaft 22, and a first electromagnet 24 is provided in the first through hole 23. A second drive shaft 25 is provided on the other side of the support frame 12. The second drive shaft 25 is connected to the second roller through a second synchronous belt. The second roller drives the second drive shaft 25 to rotate synchronously through the second synchronous belt. A second through hole 26 is opened in the center of the second drive shaft 25, and a second electromagnet 27 is provided in the second through hole 26.

[0051] From top to bottom, both the first rotating rod 20 and the second rotating rod 21 are inclined towards the side away from the support frame 12; the bottom ends of the first support rod 14 and the second support rod 15 are inserted into the slide rail 28 and slidably connected to the slide rail 28; the top end of the first support rod 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded sleeve 18; the first threaded sleeve 18 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first suction screw 16 and threadedly connected to the first suction screw 16; the bottom end of the first rotating rod 20 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first threaded sleeve 18; the top end of the first rotating rod 20 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 13; the second support rod 15 and the second support rod 15... The bottom end is inserted into the slide rail 28 and slidably connected to the slide rail 28. The top end of the second support rod 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded sleeve 19. The second threaded sleeve 19 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second adsorption screw 17 and threadedly connected to the second adsorption screw 17. The bottom end of the second rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second threaded sleeve 19, and the top end of the second rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 13. The lifting component also includes a return spring. One end of the return spring is rotatably connected to the first adsorption screw 16, and the other end of the return spring is rotatably connected to the second adsorption screw 17. The return spring is always in a stretched state.

[0052] During implementation, if it is initially determined that the coal gangue particles are kaolin particles, when the countdown ends, the controller energizes the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 27. The first electromagnet 24 generates an attractive force to attract the first suction screw 16, and the second electromagnet 27 generates an attractive force to attract the second suction screw 17. This causes the first suction screw 16 to move closer to the first through hole 23, and the second suction screw 17 to move closer to the second through hole 26. The first suction screw 16 is inserted into the first through hole 23, and the second suction screw 17 is inserted into the second through hole 26. The first support rod 14 and the second support rod 15 both slide along the slide rail 28. The angle between the first rotating rod 20 and the second rotating rod 21 and the horizontal direction increases. The first rotating rod 20 and the second rotating rod 21 jointly drive the lifting plate 13 to rise. The rise of the lifting plate 13 causes the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles to be lifted, and the height of the kaolin particles increases.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment provides a coal gangue sorting method, using the coal gangue sorting equipment provided in Embodiment 2. The sorting method includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Feed the coal gangue particles into the feed end of the grate screen through the feed chute;

[0056] Step 2: The grate screen pre-screens the coal gangue particles, and the roller screen performs a secondary screening of the pre-screened coal gangue particles.

[0057] Step 3: Coal gangue particles run on the conveying assembly, and a true-color camera acquires real-time images of the coal gangue particle surface and sends them to the main controller;

[0058] Step 4: The main controller identifies the surface image and obtains the RGB values ​​of the surface image, and determines whether the RGB values ​​are within the RGB threshold range (e.g., 80-110).

[0059] If not, then the coal gangue particles are determined to be non-kaolin particles, i.e., waste particles, which fall into the waste chute.

[0060] If so, and it is preliminarily determined that the coal gangue particles are kaolin particles, then proceed to step 5;

[0061] Step 5: The main controller calculates the transport time of the kaolin particles to the X-ray detector based on the distance between the true color camera and the X-ray detector and the operating speed of the transport component, and starts a countdown based on the transport time. When the countdown ends, the main controller sends an X-ray detection command to the X-ray detector.

[0062] Step 6: The X-ray detector receives the X-ray detection command and acquires an internal image of the coal gangue particles;

[0063] Step 7: The main controller identifies the internal image and obtains the penetration value, and determines whether the penetration value is within the penetration threshold range (e.g., 200-600);

[0064] If not, then the coal gangue particles are determined to be non-kaolin particles, i.e., waste particles, which fall into the waste chute.

[0065] If so, confirm that the coal gangue particles are kaolin particles, and proceed to step 8;

[0066] Step 8: The main controller calculates the discharge time of kaolin particles to the discharge end of the conveying component based on the distance between the X-ray detector and the discharge end of the conveying component and the running speed of the conveying component, and starts a countdown based on the discharge time. When the countdown ends, the main controller sends a blowing command to the blowing component.

[0067] Step 9: The blowing assembly receives the blowing command and blows the kaolin particles conveyed to the discharge end of the conveying assembly, giving the kaolin particles an upward initial velocity so that they can fall into the kaolin chute.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue sorting apparatus, characterized in that, It includes a modular grate screen and a conveying assembly arranged sequentially along the running direction of coal gangue particles; the modular grate screen includes at least one set of narrow screens and at least one set of wide screens arranged alternately, and the narrow screens and wide screens are detachably and fixedly connected; The conveying assembly includes a conveyor belt, rollers, and a lifting member. The two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively fitted onto the rollers. The lifting member is located in front of the rollers near the discharge end and is used to lift the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles. The lifting component includes a support frame, a telescopic component, and a lifting plate. The telescopic component is located in the support frame, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the support frame. The lifting plate is located at the top of the telescopic component, and the telescopic component supports the lifting plate. When the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles runs above the telescopic component, the top of the telescopic component moves upward, lifting the conveyor belt corresponding to the kaolin particles, thereby increasing the height of the kaolin particles. The support frame has drive shafts on both sides and a slide rail at the bottom. The drive shafts are connected to the rollers via a synchronous belt, and the rollers drive the drive shafts to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt. A through hole is opened in the center of the drive shaft, and an electromagnet is installed in the through hole. The telescopic component includes a support rod, an adsorption screw, a threaded sleeve, and a rotating rod. The rotating rod is inclined from top to side away from the support frame. The bottom end of the support rod is inserted into the slide rail and slidably connected to the slide rail. The top end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the adsorption screw and threadedly connected to the adsorption screw. The bottom end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the threaded sleeve, and the top end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the lifting plate. The narrow screen includes a narrow mesh and two connecting plates. One side of the narrow mesh is fixedly connected to one of the connecting plates, and the other side of the narrow mesh is fixedly connected to the other connecting plate. The wide screen includes a wide mesh and two sliding plates. One side of the wide mesh is fixedly connected to one of the sliding plates, and the other side of the wide mesh is fixedly connected to the other sliding plate. A groove is formed on the inner side of the sliding plate. In adjacent narrow and wide screens, the connecting plate is inserted into the groove of the sliding plate and is slidably and fixedly connected to the sliding plate. Along the plane of coal gangue particle movement, the narrow mesh and the wide mesh are not in the same plane and have overlapping portions; the mesh size of the narrow mesh and the wide mesh are the same, and the meshes of the overlapping portions of the narrow mesh and the wide mesh completely overlap.

2. The coal refuse separation apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The number of narrow sieves and wide sieves is 2 to 4 sets each.

3. The coal gangue sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the sliding plate of the wide screen is greater than the length of the wide mesh, and the length of the connecting plate of the narrow screen is less than the length of the narrow mesh.

4. A method for separating coal gangue, characterized in that, The coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 1 is used to sort coal gangue particles.

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