Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, and relates to the technical fields of terminals and antennas. The antenna structure comprises an antenna main body and a dielectric layer. The antenna main body is attached to the dielectric layer. The antenna main body is annular, and comprises a feeding point, a slit, a first grounding point and a second grounding point. The slit is located between the feeding point and the second grounding point, and extends to the first grounding point. According to the scheme, in the case that the frame area of the electronic device is covered by metal, the camera decoration area of the electronic device can still be used to design an antenna supporting multiple frequency bands, and the antenna has high efficiency and wideband radiation, and is highly practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electronic devices such as tablets and mobile phones typically place their antennas on the bezel. However, with the increasing integration of electronic devices and advancements in industrial design, the back panel and bezel of electronic devices may be integrated into a single design, both made of metal. In this case, because the bezel area is covered by metal, it becomes inconvenient to place antennas on the bezel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device that allows for antenna design within the camera trim area of ​​the electronic device, even when the frame area is covered by metal, thus offering high practicality.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna structure comprising: an antenna body and a dielectric layer. The antenna body is attached to the dielectric layer; the antenna body is ring-shaped and includes a feed point, a slot, a first ground point, and a second ground point; the slot is located between the feed point and the second ground point, and extends towards the first ground point. By creating a slot at the feed point, the two sides of the feed point become asymmetrically fed. In this case, the antenna structure can excite two different wavelength modes, thereby effectively expanding the bandwidth range.

[0005] The antenna structure adopts a ring design, and the gap allows for asymmetrical feeding on both sides of the feeding point. This antenna can support multiple frequency bands, such as covering Wi-Fi 2.4G and Wi-Fi 5G frequency bands in multiple modes, achieving high efficiency and broadband radiation. Furthermore, the antenna can be conformally designed to fit with the camera or flash of electronic devices. This solution has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure also includes a feed spring that can be spring-loaded onto a printed circuit board so that the feed point is connected to the feed source via the feed spring.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes a first grounding spring and a second grounding spring. The first grounding spring can be spring-loaded to a first grounding terminal on a printed circuit board, so that the first grounding point is connected to the first grounding terminal through the first grounding spring. The second grounding spring can be spring-loaded to a second grounding terminal on a printed circuit board, so that the second grounding point is connected to the second grounding terminal through the second grounding spring.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes an inductor, through which at least one of the first ground point and the second ground point is grounded. That is, the first ground point is grounded through an inductor and the second ground point is directly grounded, or the first ground point is grounded through an inductor and the second ground point is also grounded through an inductor, or the first ground point is directly grounded and the second ground point is grounded through an inductor.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes a capacitor, through which at least one of the first ground point and the second ground point is grounded. That is, the first ground point is grounded through a capacitor and the second ground point is directly grounded, or the first ground point is grounded through a capacitor and the second ground point is also grounded through a capacitor, or the first ground point is directly grounded and the second ground point is grounded through a capacitor.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes at least one widening portion, the width of each of the at least one widening portion being greater than the width of the non-widening portion of the antenna body.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes at least one narrowing section, the width of each of the at least one narrowing section being smaller than the width of the non-narrowing section of the antenna body.

[0012] By setting narrowing or widening sections, the width of the antenna body can be adjusted at different locations, which can also be used to tune the resonant frequency.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the slot extends from the outer diameter of the antenna body to the inner diameter of the antenna body, and then extends towards the first grounding point. Multiple slots may also be provided.

[0014] The gap can also be replaced by other implementation methods, such as blind slots, multiple consecutive through holes, multiple consecutive blind holes, and combinations of the above implementation methods.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the antenna body is either circular or square.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides an electronic device, which can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, AR device, VR device, etc. The electronic device includes the antenna structure provided in any of the above implementations, and also includes a camera decorative element; the camera decorative element is used to cover the camera decorative area of ​​the electronic device; the antenna structure is located within the camera decorative area.

[0017] The back panel and frame of this electronic device may be designed as a single piece and made of metal. The antenna is designed in the area of ​​the camera trim of the electronic device. This antenna can be a multi-band antenna, such as covering the Wi-Fi 2.4G and Wi-Fi 5G bands in multiple modes to achieve high efficiency and wide bandwidth radiation. The antenna can also be designed in a conformal manner with the camera or flash. This solution has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0018] In one possible implementation, a flash is also provided within the camera trim area of ​​the electronic device, the flash being positioned inside the annular shape of the antenna body. Since the antenna body is annular, the flash can be positioned at the center of the annulus to save space, thus creating a conformal design between the annular antenna and the flash.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a camera is also disposed within the camera decoration area of ​​the electronic device; the camera is positioned inside the annular shape of the antenna body. Since the antenna body is annular, the camera can be placed at the center of the annulus to save space, thus forming a conformal design between the annular antenna and the camera.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the electronic device further includes a printed circuit board; the power supply point is connected to a feed source on the printed circuit board; the first ground point is connected to a first ground terminal on the printed circuit board; and the second ground point is connected to a second ground terminal on the printed circuit board. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the back cover of an electronic device provided in this application; Figure 3 A top view of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 3 Corresponding side view; Figure 5 A simulation diagram of S11 and efficiency curve of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the surface current in Mode 1 provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the surface current in Mode 2 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the surface current in Mode 3 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9Far-field radiation patterns for Mode 2 and Mode 3 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 Simulation diagrams of the far-field axial ratio for Mode 2 and Mode 3 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 Simulation results of matching and tuning for Mode 1 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 Simulation results of grounding position tuning for Mode 1 provided in this application embodiment; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of yet another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 15 S11 simulation diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 16 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 S11 simulation diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 19 A schematic diagram illustrating how the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application is implemented in an electronic device; Figure 20 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 19 Corresponding side view; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the application scenario of the technical solution of this application will be described first below.

[0023] This application does not specifically limit the type of electronic device. Electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, etc. The following explanation uses mobile phones or tablets as examples of electronic devices.

[0024] See Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device.

[0025] Electronic device 100 may include processor 110, external memory interface 120, internal memory 121, universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, charging management module 140, power management module 141, battery 142, antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195, etc.

[0026] The sensor module 180 may include one or more of the following: pressure sensor 180A, gyroscope sensor 180B, barometric pressure sensor 180C, magnetic sensor 180D, accelerometer sensor 180E, distance sensor 180F, proximity sensor 180G, fingerprint sensor 180H, temperature sensor 180J, touch sensor 180K, ambient light sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

[0027] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0028] Processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as application processors (APs), modem processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), image signal processors (ISPs), controllers, video codecs, digital signal processors (DSPs), baseband processors, and / or neural network processing units (NPUs). These different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0029] The controller can generate operation control signals based on the instruction opcode and timing signals to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.

[0030] The processor 110 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or that are used repeatedly. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can retrieve it directly from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the processor 110, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0031] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. Interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0032] The charging management module 140 receives charging input from a charger. The charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 receives charging input from the wired charger via the USB interface 130. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 receives wireless charging input via the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While charging the battery 142, the charging management module 140 can also supply power to the electronic device via the power management module 141.

[0033] The power management module 141 connects the battery 142, the charging management module 140, and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and / or the charging management module 140, providing power to the processor 110, internal memory 121, display screen 194, camera 193, and wireless communication module 160, etc. The power management module 141 can also monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, and battery health status (leakage current, impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 may also be located within the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may be located in the same device.

[0034] The wireless communication function of electronic device 100 can be realized through antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, modem processor and baseband processor, etc.

[0035] Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in electronic device 100 can be used to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antennas can be used in conjunction with tuning switches.

[0036] The mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communication, including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G, applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves via antenna 1, and perform filtering, amplification, and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves before transmitting them to a modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation via antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be housed in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least some modules of the processor 110 may be housed in the same device.

[0037] The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator modulates the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a mid-to-high frequency signal. The demodulator demodulates the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After processing by the baseband processor, the low-frequency baseband signal is transmitted to the application processor. The application processor outputs sound signals through an audio device (not limited to speaker 170A, receiver 170B, etc.) or displays images or videos through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a separate device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and may be housed in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.

[0038] The wireless communication module 160 can provide solutions for wireless communication applications on the electronic device 100, including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), and infrared (IR) technologies. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via antenna 2, performs frequency modulation and filtering of the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signal to processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive signals to be transmitted from processor 110, perform frequency modulation and amplification, and convert them into electromagnetic waves for radiation via antenna 2.

[0039] In some embodiments, antenna 1 of electronic device 100 is coupled to mobile communication module 150, and antenna 2 is coupled to wireless communication module 160, enabling electronic device 100 to communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technology may include Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time Division Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and / or IR technologies, etc. The GNSS may include the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), and / or satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS).

[0040] Electronic device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 194, and an application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations and for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs, which execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0041] Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc. Display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a miniature LED, a microLED, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 may include one or N displays 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0042] Electronic device 100 can perform shooting functions through an image signal processor (ISP), camera 193, video codec, GPU, display screen 194, and application processor.

[0043] The ISP (Image Signal Processor) is used to process data fed back from the camera 193. For example, when taking a picture, the shutter is opened, and light is transmitted through the lens to the camera's photosensitive element. The light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera's photosensitive element transmits the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, transforming it into an image visible to the naked eye. The ISP can also perform algorithmic optimization of image noise, brightness, and skin tone. The ISP can also optimize parameters such as exposure and color temperature of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP can be set in the camera 193.

[0044] Camera 193 is used to capture still images or videos. An object is projected onto a photosensitive element by generating an optical image through the lens. The photosensitive element can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the light signal into an electrical signal, which is then passed to an ISP for conversion into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to a DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into image signals in standard RGB, YUV, or other formats. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include one or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0045] Digital signal processors (DSPs) are used to process digital signals. Besides digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when electronic device 100 selects a frequency, the DSP can perform Fourier transforms on the frequency energy.

[0046] Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. Electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs. Thus, electronic device 100 can play or record videos in various encoding formats, such as Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.

[0047] An NPU (Neural Processing Unit) is a computational processor for neural networks (NNs). By borrowing the structure of biological neural networks, such as the transmission patterns between neurons in the human brain, it can rapidly process input information and continuously learn on its own. NPUs can enable intelligent cognitive applications in electronic devices, such as image recognition, facial recognition, speech recognition, and text understanding.

[0048] The external storage interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external storage interface 120 to perform data storage functions. For example, music, video, and other files can be saved on the external memory card.

[0049] Internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions. Internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of electronic device 100 (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). Furthermore, internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), etc. Processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of electronic device 100 by running instructions stored in internal memory 121 and / or instructions stored in memory located in the processor.

[0050] Electronic device 100 can implement audio functions, such as music playback and recording, through audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, and application processor.

[0051] The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 170 can also be used for encoding and decoding audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be located in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be located in the processor 110.

[0052] The speaker 170A, also known as a "loudspeaker," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The electronic device 100 can listen to music or make hands-free calls through the speaker 170A.

[0053] The receiver 170B, also known as the "earpiece," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the electronic device 100 answers a telephone call or voice message, the receiver 170B can be brought close to the ear to listen to the voice.

[0054] Microphone 170C, also known as a "microphone" or "voice transducer," is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a phone call or sending a voice message, the user can speak by bringing their mouth close to microphone 170C, inputting the sound signal into microphone 170C. Electronic device 100 may have at least one microphone 170C. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 may have two microphones 170C, which, in addition to collecting sound signals, can also perform noise reduction. In other embodiments, electronic device 100 may also have three, four, or more microphones 170C, which can collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify the sound source, and perform directional recording, etc.

[0055] Currently, electronic devices such as tablets and mobile phones typically place their antennas on the bezel. However, with the increasing integration of electronic devices and advancements in industrial design, the back panel and bezel of electronic devices may be integrated into a single design, both made of metal. In this case, because the bezel area is covered by metal, it becomes inconvenient to place antennas on the bezel.

[0056] To address the above issues, this application provides an antenna structure and electronic device. The antenna is designed using the camera trim area of ​​the electronic device. This antenna can support multiple frequency bands and can be conformally designed with the camera or flash. This solution has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] The terms "first" and "second" used in this application description are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0059] See Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the back cover of an electronic device provided in this application.

[0060] For electronic devices with a unibody metal back cover, only the camera deco area 20 behind the screen can be left uncovered by the metal, which means it can be used to lay out the antenna.

[0061] The following section will explain the specific implementation method.

[0062] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 .in, Figure 3 A top view of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 3 The corresponding side view.

[0063] The antenna structure includes an antenna body 30 and a dielectric layer 31.

[0064] The antenna body 30 includes a feed point F and two grounding points. The two grounding points are the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2.

[0065] The first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 can be directly grounded, or grounded through a capacitor, or grounded through an inductor. This application does not impose specific limitations on these methods. The grounding methods of the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 can be the same or different. For example, the first grounding point G1 can be grounded through a capacitor, and the second grounding point G2 can be grounded through an inductor.

[0066] There is a gap at the power supply point F. Figure 3 The gaps in the middle are through grooves.

[0067] The antenna body 30 is attached to the surface of the dielectric layer 31. The dielectric layer 31 may be located on the upper layer of the antenna body 30 or on the lower layer of the antenna body 30. This application embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0068] The dielectric layer 31 is connected to the metal ground plane, which can be a printed circuit board (PCB), metal frame, or metal iron frame of an electronic device.

[0069] See Figure 5 The figure is a simulation diagram of the S11 and efficiency curve of the antenna provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0070] Depend on Figure 5 As can be seen from the S11 curve, this antenna structure excites three modes, which will be explained below.

[0071] Mode 1: Primarily used to cover the 2.4G WI-FI frequency band used by existing electronic devices, that is, to cover 2.415-2.485GHz.

[0072] Modes 2 and 3: Coverage of the 5G Wi-Fi band (5.15-5.85 GHz). Furthermore, Modes 2 and 3 can also cover the 6E Wi-Fi band (5.925-7.125 GHz).

[0073] All three antenna modes have relatively high efficiency, and the combination of modes two and three can also form broadband radiation.

[0074] The working principle of this antenna structure is explained below.

[0075] See Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the surface current of Mode 1 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0076] according to Figure 6 From the current distribution, we can see that mode one is the half-wavelength mode of the large circular arc between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2. That is, one current flows counterclockwise from the first grounding point G1 along the arc to point H1; the other current flows clockwise from the second grounding point G2 along the arc to point H1.

[0077] With the bottom of the antenna body 30 as 0 degrees, rotating it counterclockwise for one full turn is 0-360°, so the arc range of mode one is approximately 90°-360°.

[0078] See Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the surface current in Mode 2 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0079] according to Figure 7 The current distribution in the ring can be determined, and mode two is a mode with a wavelength of one wavelength for the entire ring.

[0080] That is, one current flows counterclockwise from the first grounding point G1 along the arc to point H2; the other current flows clockwise from the first grounding point G1 along the arc to point H1.

[0081] The arc range of Mode 2 is approximately 0°-360°.

[0082] See Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the surface current in Mode 3 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0083] according to Figure 8The current distribution in the image shows that mode three is also a mode with a wavelength of one time that of the entire ring.

[0084] That is, one current flows counterclockwise from the second grounding point G2 along the arc to point H3; the other current flows clockwise from the second grounding point G2 along the arc to point H3.

[0085] The arc range of Mode 3 is approximately 0°-360°.

[0086] Although both Mode 2 and Mode 3 are wavelength-limited modes of the entire ring, the current directions are perpendicular to each other, making them a pair of degenerate modes.

[0087] In this embodiment, the function of creating a slot at the feed point F is as follows: If the slot is not created, the structures at both ends of the feed point are symmetrical, and only one of the degenerate modes, Mode 2 and Mode 3, can be excited, resulting in a narrow bandwidth; however, when a slot is created at the feed point F, the same applies to... Figure 7 and Figure 8 At this point, the two sides of the feed point F become asymmetrical feed, and modes two and three can be excited simultaneously, which can effectively expand the bandwidth range.

[0088] In this embodiment, the extension direction of the slot is as follows: first extending radially from the outer diameter of the antenna body to the inner diameter of the antenna body, and then extending counterclockwise along the ring, that is, extending from the feed point to the first ground point. This embodiment does not specifically limit the width of the slot, the length extending radially, or the length extending counterclockwise along the ring.

[0089] In other embodiments, multiple gaps may be provided.

[0090] In practical applications, the gap can be replaced by other implementation methods, such as blind slots, multiple continuously arranged through holes, multiple continuously arranged blind holes, and combinations of the above implementation methods, as long as it can make the two sides of the feed point F asymmetrical feed.

[0091] See also Figure 9 and Figure 10 .in, Figure 9 Far-field radiation patterns for Mode 2 and Mode 3 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 Simulation diagrams of the far-field axial ratio for Mode 2 and Mode 3 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0092] It can be seen that the axial ratio is very small within the main lobe range, indicating good circular polarization characteristics and that the radiated wave is circularly polarized. This is because Mode 2 and Mode 3 are a pair of degenerate orthogonal modes, and when both modes are excited, they can be synthesized to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0093] In some embodiments, see continue to see Figure 6 Since mode one in this application embodiment is a half-wavelength mode formed between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2, the frequency covered by mode one can be tuned after the grounding point is grounded through a capacitor or an inductor. The following is an explanation based on simulation results.

[0094] See Figure 11 The figure shows the simulation results of matching and tuning in Mode 1 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0095] When the grounding point is directly grounded, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.48 GHz.

[0096] When the grounding point uses a 2pF capacitor for grounding, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.73GHz.

[0097] When a 5pF capacitor is used for grounding, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.58GHz.

[0098] It can be observed that adjusting the capacitance at the grounding point can effectively achieve tuning for the frequencies covered by Mode 1. Therefore, in practical applications, appropriate capacitors or inductors can be selected based on actual frequency requirements.

[0099] The above only illustrates the simulation results of frequency tuning using capacitors. In practical applications, frequency tuning can also be achieved using inductors, which will not be elaborated further in the embodiments of this application.

[0100] Components such as capacitors and inductors are typically mounted on the circuit board. During grounding, the antenna structure's grounding point is connected to the circuit board via a capacitor or inductor. When using an inductor, at least one of the first and second grounding points is grounded through an inductor; for example, the first grounding point is grounded through an inductor and the second grounding point is directly grounded, or the first grounding point is grounded through an inductor and the second grounding point is also grounded through an inductor, or the first grounding point is directly grounded and the second grounding point is grounded through an inductor. When using a capacitor, at least one of the first and second grounding points is grounded through a capacitor; for example, the first grounding point is grounded through a capacitor and the second grounding point is directly grounded, or the first grounding point is grounded through a capacitor and the second grounding point is also grounded through a capacitor, or the first grounding point is directly grounded and the second grounding point is grounded through a capacitor.

[0101] In other embodiments, see also Figure 6 Since mode one in this application embodiment is a half-wavelength mode formed between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2, the frequency covered by mode one can also be tuned by changing the distance between the two grounding points. The following is an explanation based on simulation results.

[0102] See Figure 12The figure shows the simulation results of grounding position tuning in Mode 1 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0103] When the angle between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 in the counterclockwise direction along the ring is 210°, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.75 GHz.

[0104] When the angle between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 in the counterclockwise direction along the ring is 240°, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.64 GHz.

[0105] When the angle between the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 in the counterclockwise direction along the ring is 270°, the resonant frequency of mode one is approximately 2.48 GHz.

[0106] It can be observed that adjusting the distance between the two grounding points can effectively achieve tuning of the frequencies covered by Mode 1.

[0107] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the resonant frequency can also be tuned by adjusting the width of the antenna body 30 at different positions, as explained in detail below with reference to simulation results.

[0108] See also Figure 13 and Figure 14 .in, Figure 13 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0109] Figure 13 Antenna structure and Figure 3 The difference in antenna structure between them is: Figure 13 The antenna structure in the design increases the antenna width by 1 mm at the 180°-270° position.

[0110] Figure 14 Antenna structure and Figure 3 The difference in antenna structure between them is: Figure 14 The antenna structure in the design reduces the antenna width by 1 mm at the 180°-270° position.

[0111] See Figure 15 The figure shows a simulation diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of this application, specifically S11. Figure 1 .

[0112] According to curve S1,1 ORIGINAL, when the antenna width is not increased or decreased, the frequency range of mode one is approximately 2.415-2.485 GHz.

[0113] According to curve S1,1 ADD1 ANGLE180-270, when the antenna width at the 180°-270° position increases, the frequency band range of Mode 1 shrinks.

[0114] According to curve S1,1 SUB1 ANGLE180-270, when the antenna width at the 180°-270° position is reduced, the frequency band range of mode one increases.

[0115] The change in antenna width at the 180°-270° position has a relatively small impact on the frequencies of Mode 2 and Mode 3.

[0116] See also Figure 16 and Figure 17 .in, Figure 16 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0117] Figure 16 Antenna structure and Figure 3 The difference in antenna structure between them is: Figure 16 The antenna structure in the design increases the antenna width by 1 mm at the 60°-120° position.

[0118] Figure 17 Antenna structure and Figure 3 The difference in antenna structure between them is: Figure 17 The antenna structure in the design reduces the antenna width by 1 mm at the 60°-120° position.

[0119] See Figure 18 The figure shows a simulation diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of this application, specifically S11. Figure 2 .

[0120] According to curve S1,1 ORIGINAL, when the antenna width is not increased or decreased, the frequency range of Mode 1 is approximately 2.415-2.485 GHz. Modes 2 and 3 can cover 5.15-5.85 GHz and 5.925-7.125 GHz, respectively.

[0121] According to curve S1,1 ADD1 ANGLE 60-120, when the antenna width at the 60°-120° position increases, the impact on the frequency range of mode one is small, while the frequency range of modes two and three decreases.

[0122] According to curve S1,1 SUB1 ANGLE 60-120, when the antenna width at the 60°-120° position is reduced, the impact on the frequency range of mode 1 is small, while the frequency range of modes 2 and 3 increases.

[0123] The narrowing or widening of the ring can occur at one or more locations, or the antenna body can include one or more narrowing sections and / or one or more widening sections, thereby achieving frequency band tuning to the target frequency band. The width of the narrowing section is smaller than the width of the non-narrowing section of the antenna body; the width of the widening section is larger than the width of the non-widening section of the antenna body.

[0124] The implementation of this antenna structure will be explained below in conjunction with application scenarios.

[0125] See also Figure 19 and Figure 20 .in, Figure 19 A schematic diagram illustrating how the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application is implemented in an electronic device; Figure 20 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 19 The corresponding side view.

[0126] The antenna structure is located in the camera decorative area 20 of the electronic device 100.

[0127] The camera trim area 20 is used to set up the camera module of the electronic device 100, specifically including a flash and one or more cameras.

[0128] The antenna body 30 can be attached to a plastic bracket (not shown in the figure) for fixation. Since the antenna body 30 is ring-shaped, a flash lamp 23 can be placed at the center of the ring to save space, thus forming a conformal design between the ring antenna and the flash lamp.

[0129] See Figure 20 The antenna's feed point F and two ground points can be connected to PCB101 via spring contacts.

[0130] Specifically, the power supply point F is connected to the feed source on the PCB via a power supply spring.

[0131] The first grounding point G1 is connected to the first grounding terminal on PCB101 through the first grounding spring 34, and the second grounding point G2 is connected to the second grounding terminal on PCB101 through the second grounding spring 33.

[0132] The ground plane of the antenna structure can be a metal frame for PCB101 and display screen 194.

[0133] The above description uses the example of setting the flash of an electronic device at the center of the antenna body ring. In actual applications, the camera of the electronic device can also be set at the center of the antenna body ring, which will not be elaborated here.

[0134] It is understood that the antenna body in the above embodiments of this application is described using a circular ring as an example. In actual applications, the antenna body can be other rings, such as a square ring.

[0135] In summary, the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment utilizes the camera decorative part area of ​​the electronic device to design the antenna. This antenna can be a multi-band antenna, for example, it can cover the Wi-Fi 2.4G and Wi-Fi 5G frequency bands in multiple modes, achieving high efficiency and broadband radiation. Furthermore, the antenna can be conformally designed with the camera or flash. This solution has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0136] Based on the embodiment structure provided above, this application also provides an electronic device, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0137] See Figure 21 This figure is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0138] The electronic device 100 includes: a camera trim 211 and an antenna structure 212.

[0139] The camera trim area where the camera trim 211 is located is used to house the camera 193 and flash 23 of the electronic device. The camera trim 211 covers the camera trim area and is located outside the camera 193, flash 23 and antenna structure 212, thereby providing structural support and airtight protection.

[0140] The flash 23 can be positioned at the center of the ring of the antenna structure 212 to save space, thereby forming a conformal design between the ring antenna and the flash.

[0141] For details on the specific implementation and working principle of antenna structure 212, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments. The embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0142] In summary, the electronic device provided in this application embodiment may have a unibody design for the back panel and frame, both made of metal. An antenna is designed using the camera trim area of ​​the electronic device. This antenna can be a multi-band antenna, for example, capable of covering multiple modes of Wi-Fi 2.4G and Wi-Fi 5G bands, achieving high efficiency and broadband radiation. Furthermore, the antenna can be conformally designed with the camera or flash. This solution has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0143] The electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, AR device, VR device, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit it.

[0144] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0145] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes: an antenna body and a dielectric layer; The antenna body is attached to the dielectric layer; The antenna body is ring-shaped and includes a feed point, a slot, a first grounding point, and a second grounding point. The gap is located between the feed point and the second ground point. The gap is etched at the feed point and extends from the outer diameter of the antenna body to the inner diameter of the antenna body, and then extends towards the first ground point.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes a feed spring; The power supply point is connected to the power supply source via the power supply spring.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes a first grounding spring and a second grounding spring; The first grounding point is connected to the first grounding terminal through the first grounding spring; The second grounding point is connected to the second grounding terminal through the second grounding spring.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes an inductor, and at least one of the first grounding point and the second grounding point is grounded through the inductor.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes a capacitor, and at least one of the first grounding point and the second grounding point is grounded through the capacitor.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure further includes at least one widening portion, the width of each widening portion being greater than the width of the non-widening portion of the antenna body.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure further includes at least one narrowing section, the width of each of the at least one narrowing section being smaller than the width of the non-narrowing section of the antenna body.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna body is either circular or square-shaped.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure operates in the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz and Wi-Fi 5GHz bands.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes at least one antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-9, and further includes a camera decorative element; The camera trim is used to cover the camera trim area of ​​the electronic device; The antenna structure is located within the decorative area of ​​the camera.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The electronic device also has a flash light installed in the camera decoration area; The flashlight is located on the inner ring of the antenna body.

12. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, A camera is also provided in the camera decoration area of ​​the electronic device; The camera is located on the inner ring of the antenna body.

13. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a printed circuit board; The power supply point is connected to the power source on the printed circuit board; The first grounding point is connected to the first grounding terminal on the printed circuit board; The second grounding point is connected to the second grounding terminal on the printed circuit board.

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